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B2 verb 11 دقیقه مطالعه

gennemgå

مثال‌ها gennemgå در ۳۰ ثانیه
توضیح gennemgå in your Level:
At the A1 level, you can think of 'gennemgå' as simply 'going through' something in a very basic way. Although it is a bit advanced for A1, you might see it in simple instructions. Imagine you have a list of five words to learn. If you 'gennemgår' the list, you look at the first word, then the second, then the third, until you reach the end. It is like walking through a house room by room. You are not just looking at the house from the outside; you are going inside and seeing every part. In A1, we keep it simple: 'Jeg gennemgår mine lektier' (I go through my homework). It means you are checking your work to see if it is correct before you give it to your teacher. It is a very useful word for being a good student! You can also use it for a shopping list. Before you go to the supermarket, you 'gennemgår' your list to make sure you didn't forget the milk or the bread. It is about being organized and making sure you have everything you need.
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At the A2 level, you start to use 'gennemgå' for slightly more complex daily tasks. You might use it when talking about your day or a simple plan with friends. For example, if you are planning a trip, you and your friends might 'gennemgå planen' (go through the plan). This means you talk about what time the train leaves, which hotel you are staying at, and what museums you want to visit. You are looking at the details together. You will also hear this word in the classroom more often. Your teacher might say, 'Nu gennemgår vi teksten' (Now we are going through the text). This means the teacher will read the text with you and explain the difficult words. It is a step-by-step process. You are moving from the beginning of the text to the end. It is also used for simple physical experiences, though less common. If a car is being fixed, the mechanic might 'gennemgå bilen' (examine the car) to find out why it is making a strange noise. At A2, you should focus on 'gennemgå' as a way to check or explain a list of things.
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At the B1 level, 'gennemgå' takes on a deeper meaning involving experiences and processes. You are now able to talk about your life in more detail, and 'gennemgå' helps you describe periods of change. For example, 'Jeg gennemgår en stor forandring i mit liv' (I am going through a big change in my life). This could mean moving to a new city or starting a new job. It suggests that the change is a process with many steps. In professional or semi-professional contexts, you use 'gennemgå' to describe reviewing documents or reports. If you are working in an office, you might 'gennemgå en rapport' (review a report) to find any mistakes. You are expected to use the past tense 'gennemgik' and the present perfect 'har gennemgået' correctly. 'Vi gennemgik alle detaljerne i går' (We went through all the details yesterday). At this level, you understand that 'gennemgå' is more than just looking; it is a systematic examination. You also start to see it in passive forms, like 'Materialet blev gennemgået' (The material was reviewed). This is common in news and formal writing.
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At the B2 level, which is the target level for this word, you should use 'gennemgå' with confidence in both professional and abstract contexts. You understand the nuance between 'gennemgå' (a systematic review) and 'opleve' ( a general experience). You use 'gennemgå' when discussing complex procedures, such as 'gennemgå en retssag' (go through a court case) or 'gennemgå en medicinsk behandling' (undergo medical treatment). You are also comfortable using it in academic discussions to describe the analysis of a theory or a literary work. For instance, 'Forfatteren gennemgår de historiske årsager til krigen' (The author examines the historical causes of the war). At B2, you should also be aware of the word's role in collocations, such as 'gennemgå en krise' (go through a crisis) or 'gennemgå et tjek' (undergo a check). You can use it to describe a thorough audit of accounts or a detailed inspection of a building. Your use of the word reflects a high degree of precision and an understanding that 'gennemgå' implies a complete and methodical process from start to finish. You also know that the word is inseparable and follows the conjugation of 'at gå'.
At the C1 level, you use 'gennemgå' to express subtle nuances in professional and literary Danish. You can distinguish between 'gennemgå' and its synonyms like 'revidere' or 'granske' (scrutinize). You might use 'gennemgå' to describe an exhaustive intellectual process, such as 'gennemgå materialet med en tættekam' (go through the material with a fine-tooth comb). This idiomatic use shows a high level of fluency. You also use the word in the context of psychological or philosophical development. For example, 'Han har gennemgået en eksistentiel krise' (He has gone through an existential crisis). Here, the word conveys a sense of depth and transformation. In a corporate environment, you might lead a 'gennemgang' (a review session), using the noun form of the verb. You are able to use the word in complex sentence structures, such as 'Efter at have gennemgået alle de foreliggende beviser, konkluderede kommissionen...' (After having reviewed all the available evidence, the commission concluded...). Your command of the word allows you to use it in formal reports, academic papers, and high-level negotiations where precision is paramount.
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At the C2 level, 'gennemgå' is a tool for precise and sophisticated communication. You use it in highly specialized fields, such as law, medicine, or advanced linguistics, with perfect accuracy. You understand the historical and etymological roots of the word and how they influence its current usage. You can use 'gennemgå' to describe the most complex systems, such as 'gennemgå en genomsekvensering' (undergo genome sequencing) or 'gennemgå en forfatningsændring' (undergo a constitutional change). Your use of the word is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. You can use it to create rhetorical effects in speeches or to provide meticulous detail in technical documentation. You are also aware of the very rare literal uses of the word in classical literature and can interpret them correctly. At this level, 'gennemgå' is not just a verb you know; it is a versatile instrument in your linguistic repertoire that you use to convey thoroughness, endurance, and systematic analysis in any context imaginable. You might use it in a phrase like 'at gennemgå ild og vand' (to go through fire and water), showing your mastery of Danish idioms and their metaphorical power.
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مثال‌ها

gennemgå در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • Gennemgå means to systematically review or examine something like a document or a list.
  • It also means to undergo or experience a process, such as a crisis or a surgery.
  • The verb is irregular, following the conjugation of 'at gå' (gennemgår, gennemgik, gennemgået).
  • It is a formal and professional word used frequently in business, education, and medicine.
The Danish verb gennemgå is a multifaceted word that English speakers often find versatile because it bridges the gap between physical movement, mental scrutiny, and emotional endurance. At its core, the word is a compound of 'gennem' (through) and 'gå' (to go/walk). In a literal sense, it implies movement from one end of something to the other, but in modern Danish, it is almost exclusively used in figurative or functional contexts. The first primary meaning is to examine, review, or inspect something systematically. This is what a teacher does with a student's essay, what an auditor does with financial records, or what a doctor does with a patient's medical history. It suggests a level of detail where nothing is skipped; you are 'walking through' every part of the object of study.
Professional Context
In a business setting, you might hear a manager say, 'Lad os gennemgå dagsordenen,' which means 'Let us go through the agenda.' Here, the focus is on structure and ensuring everyone is on the same page before proceeding.

Vi skal gennemgå alle detaljerne i kontrakten, før vi underskriver den for at undgå juridiske problemer senere.

The second major meaning pertains to life experiences, particularly those that are challenging, transformative, or lengthy. When a person 'gennemgår' a crisis, a surgery, or a period of growth, they are not just observing it; they are living through it. This usage mirrors the English 'to undergo' or 'to experience.' It implies a process that takes time and often results in a change of state. For example, a building might 'gennemgå en renovering' (undergo a renovation). In this sense, the word carries a weight of endurance.
Educational Context
Students often 'gennemgår' a curriculum or a specific subject. This implies a guided instruction where the teacher leads the students through the material step-by-step.

Patienten skal gennemgå en række undersøgelser på hospitalet i næste uge.

Furthermore, 'gennemgå' is frequently used in technical and academic literature to describe the process of analyzing data or reviewing literature. It is a formal word, but it is indispensable in daily life when you need to talk about checking things or surviving tough times. It is the bridge between the analytical mind and the experiential soul. Whether you are checking your bank statement or surviving a breakup, you are in the process of 'gennemgå'.

Han har gennemgået en enorm personlig udvikling det seneste år.

Analytical Usage
When you analyze a text or a theory, you 'gennemgår' its components to understand how they fit together. It is an active, investigative process.

Lad os lige gennemgå planen én gang til for at være helt sikre.

Huset skal gennemgå en omfattende modernisering inden salg.

Using gennemgå correctly requires an understanding of its tense forms and the context of the action. As an irregular verb (derived from 'at gå'), its forms are: 'gennemgår' (present), 'gennemgik' (past), and 'har gennemgået' (present perfect). The verb is transitive, meaning it usually requires a direct object—the thing being reviewed or experienced. When using it to mean 'review,' the object is typically a document, a list, a plan, or a set of instructions. When using it to mean 'undergo,' the object is usually a process, a change, or a hardship.
Present Tense
'Jeg gennemgår materialet nu.' (I am reviewing the material now). This describes an ongoing action of scrutiny.

Læreren gennemgår lektierne på tavlen foran hele klassen.

In the past tense, 'gennemgik' is used to describe a completed review or a past experience. 'Hun gennemgik en svær skilsmisse' (She went through a difficult divorce). Here, the past tense emphasizes that the period of hardship occurred in the past.
Past Tense
'Vi gennemgik alle ansøgere i går.' (We reviewed all applicants yesterday). This implies a finished task of evaluation.

Firmaet gennemgik en stor krise i 2008, men overlevede.

The perfect tense 'har gennemgået' is perhaps the most common in professional settings to indicate that a necessary process has been completed. 'Rapporten er blevet gennemgået' (The report has been reviewed). Note that 'gennemgå' can be used in the passive voice with 'blive' to show that the subject is the one receiving the examination.
Passive Construction
'Reglerne skal gennemgås årligt.' (The rules must be reviewed annually). The -s ending here indicates the passive voice.

Alle dokumenter er nu blevet gennemgået af vores advokat.

It is also important to consider the prepositional phrases that often follow. While 'gennemgå' itself doesn't require a preposition for its object, you might 'gennemgå noget MED nogen' (review something with someone). This highlights the collaborative nature of many reviews.

Jeg vil gerne gennemgå budgettet med dig i eftermiddag.

Bilen har gennemgået et grundigt sikkerhedstjek.

In summary, use 'gennemgå' when you want to describe a thorough process of looking at or living through something. It is more formal and systematic than 'kigge på' (look at) and more comprehensive than 'se' (see).
In Denmark, gennemgå is a staple of professional, academic, and medical life. If you are working in a Danish office, you will hear it almost daily. It is the standard way to initiate a meeting where documents or plans need to be analyzed. 'Skal vi gennemgå tallene?' (Shall we go through the numbers?) is a common phrase in finance and management. It signals a shift from general discussion to specific, detailed analysis. In the educational system, from 'folkeskole' to university, teachers 'gennemgår' the syllabus or specific exercises. If a student says, 'Læreren gennemgik ikke det her i timen,' they are complaining that the teacher didn't explain or cover that specific material in class.
Medical Context
Doctors use 'gennemgå' to describe a patient's journey through treatment. 'Patienten skal gennemgå en operation' (The patient must undergo surgery).

Vi skal gennemgå dine testresultater sammen, så du forstår dem.

Another common place to encounter this word is in news reports and journalism. When a new law is proposed, journalists will 'gennemgå' the proposal to find the most important points for the public. When a company is in trouble, the media might report on the 'krise', the company 'gennemgår'. It adds a sense of gravity and process to the reporting.
Legal and Administrative
In legal documents or when dealing with 'Kommune' (municipality), you will see 'gennemgå' used for the verification of applications or evidence.

Sagsbehandleren vil gennemgå din ansøgning inden for ti arbejdsdage.

In the world of art and literature, a critic might 'gennemgå' a work, meaning they provide a detailed analysis of its themes and techniques. In a more personal, emotional context, you might hear it in therapy or deep conversations between friends. 'Jeg har gennemgået meget på det sidste' (I have been through a lot lately). This use is very empathetic and acknowledges the struggle the person has faced.

Bogen gennemgår historien om dansk arkitektur fra 1800-tallet til i dag.

Efter ulykken måtte han gennemgå måneder med genoptræning.

Technical Manuals
Manuals often have a section titled 'Gennemgang af funktioner' (Review of functions), where each part of a machine or software is explained.

Lad os lige gennemgå listen over indkøb før vi tager afsted.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make with gennemgå is confusing it with other verbs that mean 'to look' or 'to experience.' Because 'gennemgå' is quite formal and systematic, using it for a casual glance is incorrect. For example, you wouldn't 'gennemgå' a beautiful sunset; you would 'se' it or 'beundre' (admire) it. 'Gennemgå' implies a cognitive or procedural effort. Another mistake is using 'gå igennem' when 'gennemgå' is required. While 'gå igennem' means 'to walk through' (literally through a door), 'gennemgå' is the figurative version. However, in some contexts like 'go through a crisis,' both 'gå igennem' and 'gennemgå' can be used, but 'gennemgå' sounds more polished and complete.
Confusion with 'Undersøge'
'Undersøge' means to investigate or research. While you might 'gennemgå' evidence to 'undersøge' a crime, 'gennemgå' is the act of reading through, while 'undersøge' is the broader goal of finding the truth.

FEJL: Jeg gennemgår fjernsynet i aften. (Incorrect: I am reviewing the TV tonight). KORREKT: Jeg ser fjernsyn i aften.

Another grammatical pitfall involves the past participle. Some learners try to say 'er gennemgået' when they mean 'has reviewed.' Remember, 'gennemgå' is transitive. If a person did the reviewing, use 'har'. 'Han har gennemgået rapporten.' Only use 'er' if the report is the subject and you are using the passive voice: 'Rapporten er gennemgået' (The report is [has been] reviewed).
Preposition Errors
Learners often add 'igennem' after 'gennemgå' because of the English 'go through.' Avoid saying 'gennemgå igennem dokumentet.' The 'gennem' is already part of the verb!

FEJL: Vi skal gennemgå igennem listen. (Incorrect). KORREKT: Vi skal gennemgå listen.

Furthermore, don't confuse 'gennemgå' with 'overveje' (consider). 'Overveje' is about thinking about a future possibility, while 'gennemgå' is about looking at existing facts or experiences. You 'overvejer' if you should buy a house, but you 'gennemgår' the sales contract.

Det er vigtigt ikke at gennemgå materialet for hurtigt, hvis man vil forstå det hele.

Misuse in Physical Motion
Rarely use 'gennemgå' for literally walking through a room. Use 'gå igennem stuen' instead. 'Gennemgå' is for the mind or for life's journey.

Mange elever gennemgår teksten uden at lægge mærke til de vigtigste pointer.

Danish has several words that overlap with gennemgå, and choosing the right one depends on the level of intensity and the specific context. The most common alternative for the 'review' sense is 'tjekke' (to check), which is more informal. You might 'tjekke' your email, but you 'gennemgår' a legal brief. Another synonym is 'revidere' (to revise/audit), which is strictly professional and often relates to finances or text editing. 'Undersøge' (investigate) is used when there is a mystery or a need for deeper research. For the 'experience' sense, 'opleve' (to experience) is the most common alternative. However, 'opleve' is often positive or neutral (like experiencing a concert), whereas 'gennemgå' often implies a process or a challenge.
Gennemgå vs. Opleve
'Jeg oplevede en god ferie' (I experienced a good vacation). 'Jeg gennemgik en svær tid' (I went through a difficult time). 'Gennemgå' implies a more active or enduring process.

Vi kan gennemse dokumentet hurtigt, eller vi kan gennemgå det grundigt.

'Gennemse' (to look through/review) is very close to 'gennemgå' but often implies a slightly less rigorous check—like skimming or looking over something to get the general idea. 'Løbe igennem' (to run through) is the informal version of this, used when you are in a hurry.
Gennemgå vs. Erfare
'Erfare' means to learn by experience or to come to know. It focuses on the knowledge gained, while 'gennemgå' focuses on the process itself.

Lad os gennemgå de forskellige muligheder, før vi træffer en beslutning.

In medical or technical contexts, 'undergå' is a direct synonym for 'gennemgå' when meaning 'to undergo.' You might hear 'undergå en forvandling' (undergo a transformation). 'Undergå' is slightly more formal and often used for passive processes that happen to something.
Gennemgå vs. Analysere
'Analysere' is more scientific. You 'gennemgår' the data points, and then you 'analyserer' the patterns they form.

Han valgte at gennemgå hele ansøgningsprocessen igen for at sikre, at intet var glemt.

Vi skal gennemgå protokollen nøje før forsøget starter.

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

Jeg skal gennemgå mine lektier.

I need to go through my homework.

Simple present tense of 'gennemgå'.

2

Vi gennemgår listen sammen.

We are going through the list together.

The object 'listen' follows the verb directly.

3

Kan du gennemgå ordene?

Can you go through the words?

Modal verb 'kan' + infinitive 'gennemgå'.

4

Hun gennemgår sin taske.

She is going through her bag.

Subject 'hun' + present tense.

5

Lad os gennemgå menuen.

Let's go through the menu.

Imperative 'lad os' + infinitive.

6

Jeg gennemgår tallene nu.

I am going through the numbers now.

Adverb 'nu' indicates current action.

7

De gennemgår planen.

They are going through the plan.

Plural subject 'de'.

8

Gennemgår du bogen?

Are you going through the book?

Question form with inverted subject and verb.

1

Læreren gennemgår opgaven på tavlen.

The teacher is going through the assignment on the board.

Definite noun 'opgaven'.

2

Vi gennemgik reglerne i går.

We went through the rules yesterday.

Past tense 'gennemgik'.

3

Han har gennemgået alle e-mails.

He has gone through all the emails.

Present perfect 'har gennemgået'.

4

Skal vi gennemgå ruten en gang til?

Should we go through the route one more time?

Infinitive after modal 'skal'.

5

Jeg vil gennemgå mine noter før testen.

I want to go through my notes before the test.

Prepositional phrase 'før testen'.

6

De gennemgår huset for fejl.

They are going through the house for faults.

Preposition 'for' indicates the purpose.

7

Vi gennemgår programmet for i dag.

We are going through the program for today.

Possessive-like phrase 'for i dag'.

8

Hun gennemgik kufferten grundigt.

She went through the suitcase thoroughly.

Adverb 'grundigt' modifies the verb.

1

Virksomheden gennemgår en stor udvikling.

The company is undergoing a major development.

Abstract object 'en stor udvikling'.

2

Jeg har gennemgået meget det sidste år.

I have been through a lot this past year.

Present perfect implies a lasting effect.

3

Vi skal gennemgå budgettet for næste kvartal.

We need to review the budget for the next quarter.

Compound noun 'næste kvartal'.

4

Patienten gennemgik en vellykket operation.

The patient underwent a successful operation.

Past tense 'gennemgik' for a completed event.

5

De gennemgår alle ansøgninger nu.

They are reviewing all applications now.

Plural object 'ansøgninger'.

6

Materialet skal gennemgås af en ekspert.

The material must be reviewed by an expert.

Passive voice 'gennemgås'.

7

Han gennemgår en svær periode i sit liv.

He is going through a difficult period in his life.

Reflexive-like 'i sit liv'.

8

Lad os gennemgå dine rettigheder som lejer.

Let's go through your rights as a tenant.

Noun phrase 'dine rettigheder'.

1

Rapporten gennemgår de miljømæssige konsekvenser.

The report examines the environmental consequences.

The subject is the report itself.

2

Bilen skal gennemgå et syn hvert andet år.

The car must undergo an inspection every two years.

Noun 'syn' means inspection/vision.

3

Vi gennemgik kontrakten punkt for punkt.

We went through the contract point by point.

Adverbial phrase 'punkt for punkt'.

4

Han gennemgår en omfattende genoptræning.

He is undergoing extensive rehabilitation.

Adjective 'omfattende' (extensive).

5

Huset har gennemgået en total renovering.

The house has undergone a total renovation.

Present perfect 'har gennemgået'.

6

Artiklen gennemgår de nyeste forskningsresultater.

The article reviews the latest research results.

Superlative 'nyeste'.

7

Vi er nødt til at gennemgå vores strategi.

We need to review our strategy.

Phrase 'nødt til' (obliged to).

8

Hun gennemgik en personlig krise efter tabet.

She went through a personal crisis after the loss.

Preposition 'efter' (after).

1

Kommissionen gennemgår nu de indsamlede beviser.

The commission is now reviewing the collected evidence.

Formal subject 'Kommissionen'.

2

Værket gennemgår den politiske filosofi i det 20. århundrede.

The work examines the political philosophy of the 20th century.

Abstract subject 'Værket'.

3

Han har gennemgået en bemærkelsesværdig transformation.

He has undergone a remarkable transformation.

Adjective 'bemærkelsesværdig' (remarkable).

4

Lovforslaget skal gennemgå en række høringer.

The bill must undergo a series of hearings.

Noun 'høringer' (hearings).

5

Vi gennemgik scenariet for at identificere potentielle risici.

We went through the scenario to identify potential risks.

Infinitive of purpose 'for at identificere'.

6

Hun gennemgår materialet med en kritisk tilgang.

She reviews the material with a critical approach.

Prepositional phrase 'med en kritisk tilgang'.

7

Systemet gennemgår jævnligt automatiske opdateringer.

The system regularly undergoes automatic updates.

Adverb 'jævnligt' (regularly).

8

Hele organisationen skal gennemgå en kulturel forandring.

The entire organization must undergo a cultural change.

Adjective 'kulturel'.

1

Afhandlingen gennemgår minutiøst de lingvistiske nuancer.

The dissertation meticulously examines the linguistic nuances.

Adverb 'minutiøst' (meticulously).

2

Samfundet gennemgår en paradigmatisk forskydning.

Society is undergoing a paradigmatic shift.

Complex noun phrase 'paradigmatisk forskydning'.

3

Instansen gennemgår klagen for at sikre proceduremæssig korrekthed.

The authority reviews the complaint to ensure procedural correctness.

Formal term 'instansen' (the authority).

4

Han har gennemgået en dannelsesrejse af de helt store.

He has undergone a formative journey of significant proportions.

Idiomatic expression 'af de helt store'.

5

Teksten gennemgår de ontologiske implikationer af teorien.

The text examines the ontological implications of the theory.

Technical term 'ontologiske'.

6

Vi gennemgik alle eventualiteter før ekspeditionens start.

We went through all eventualities before the start of the expedition.

Plural noun 'eventualiteter'.

7

Patientens tilstand gennemgår en gradvis forringelse.

The patient's condition is undergoing a gradual deterioration.

Genitive 'patientens'.

8

Lovgivningen skal gennemgå en gennemgribende revision.

The legislation must undergo a thorough revision.

Adjective 'gennemgribende' (thorough/radical).

مترادف‌ها

revidere undersøge tjekke opleve undergå gennemse granske løbe igennem

متضادها

overse ignorere springe over undgå

ترکیب‌های رایج

gennemgå et materiale
gennemgå en krise
ge
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