bouleversant در ۳۰ ثانیه
- Describes intense emotional impact.
- Can be positive or negative.
- Implies being deeply affected.
- Synonym for overwhelming.
- Definition
- The French adjective "bouleversant" describes something that causes profound emotional upheaval, shock, or intense feeling. It's used to convey a sense of being deeply moved, either positively or negatively, to the point of emotional disturbance or overwhelming sensation. Think of it as something that shakes you up, changes your perspective, or stirs you to your core.
- Usage Contexts
- This adjective is frequently employed when discussing powerful artistic works such as films, books, or music that evoke strong emotions. It can also describe significant life events like a major personal revelation, a tragic accident, an inspiring act of kindness, or a life-altering discovery. When something is "bouleversant," it's not just slightly affecting; it's impactful enough to cause a significant emotional reaction. For instance, a documentary revealing widespread injustice could be described as bouleversant because it provokes anger, sadness, and a desire for change. Similarly, witnessing an act of extraordinary courage might be bouleversant, filling one with awe and admiration. The term implies a deep, often unsettling, emotional resonance.
The ending of that novel was truly bouleversant.
The sheer scale of the natural disaster was bouleversant for everyone involved.
- Nuance
- It's important to note that "bouleversant" doesn't necessarily imply negativity. A reunion with a long-lost loved one could be "bouleversant" in a joyous, overwhelming way. The core idea is the intensity of the emotional experience, the feeling of being profoundly affected and perhaps even shaken out of one's usual emotional equilibrium.
The sheer beauty of the aurora borealis was an almost bouleversant experience.
- Basic Structure
- The adjective "bouleversant" typically follows the noun it modifies, agreeing in gender and number. Common structures include: Subject + Verb (être) + bouleversant(e)(s) + Noun (often implied or the subject of the sentence). For example, "Le film était bouleversant." (The film was overwhelming.)
Her story of resilience was incredibly bouleversante.
- Describing Events
- When describing events or situations, "bouleversant" can be used directly. For instance, "La nouvelle de sa disparition a été bouleversante." (The news of his disappearance was overwhelming.) Here, "bouleversante" agrees with "la nouvelle" (feminine singular).
The reunion after so many years was a bouleversant moment.
- Using with Adverbs
- To intensify the meaning, adverbs like "très" (very), "extrêmement" (extremely), or "particulièrement" (particularly) can be used before "bouleversant." Example: "Son discours était extrêmement bouleversant." (His speech was extremely overwhelming.)
The humanitarian crisis depicted in the report was particularly bouleversant.
- Describing Art and Media
- This adjective is very common when discussing art, literature, and film. "Ce film d'auteur a eu un impact bouleversant sur le public." (This art film had an overwhelming impact on the audience.)
The opera's final act was profoundly bouleversant.
- Expressing Personal Feelings
- You can use it to describe your own emotional reaction. "J'ai trouvé sa confession bouleversante." (I found his confession overwhelming.)
The discovery of the ancient artifact was a bouleversant moment for the archaeologists.
- Film and Literature Reviews
- Film critics and literary reviewers frequently use "bouleversant" to describe works that have a profound emotional impact. You'll hear it in discussions about movies that make you cry, contemplate life, or feel deeply moved. For instance, a review might state, "Le réalisateur a créé une œuvre bouleversante qui restera gravée dans les mémoires." (The director has created an overwhelming work that will remain etched in memory.) This indicates the film's power to stir emotions and leave a lasting impression on the viewer.
The documentary's portrayal of the refugee crisis was utterly bouleversant.
- Discussions of Major Life Events
- When people talk about significant personal experiences, whether joyful or tragic, "bouleversant" is often used. This could include discussions about near-death experiences, profound spiritual awakenings, the birth of a child, or the loss of a loved one. Someone might recount, "Rencontrer mon idole était une expérience bouleversante." (Meeting my idol was an overwhelming experience.) This conveys the sheer intensity of the emotion felt during that encounter.
The news of the unexpected reconciliation was profoundly bouleversante.
- Artistic and Musical Performances
- Concerts, plays, and art exhibitions that elicit strong emotional responses are often described as "bouleversant." A concertgoer might remark, "The violinist's performance was so emotional, it was truly bouleversant." This indicates that the music stirred deep feelings and perhaps even brought tears to their eyes.
The final scene of the play left the audience in a state of bouleversant silence.
- News and Social Commentary
- Journalists and commentators might use "bouleversant" to describe events that have a significant societal impact or provoke widespread emotional reaction. For example, reporting on a major political upheaval or a groundbreaking social movement could be described as "bouleversant" due to its far-reaching consequences and the strong emotions it engenders.
The scientific discovery was so significant it was considered bouleversant.
- Confusing Intensity with Negativity
- A common pitfall is assuming "bouleversant" always implies something negative or sad. While it can describe tragic events, it also applies to overwhelmingly positive experiences. For example, calling a joyous reunion "bouleversant" is perfectly correct, even though it might be associated with tears of happiness. Learners might incorrectly reserve it only for sad or shocking events, missing its broader scope of intense emotional impact, whether positive or negative.
Incorrect: The wedding was very bouleversant. (Implies a negative emotional disturbance)
Correct: The wedding was a joyous and emotional celebration, truly bouleversant for the couple.
- Incorrect Agreement
- Like many French adjectives, "bouleversant" must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies. Failing to do so is a frequent error. Forgetting the feminine "-e" or the plural "-s" can lead to grammatical inaccuracies. For example, saying "La nouvelle est bouleversant" instead of "La nouvelle est bouleversante" (feminine singular) is incorrect.
Incorrect: Les films étaient bouleversant. (Missing plural agreement)
Correct: Les films étaient bouleversants.
- Overuse or Underuse
- Some learners might overuse "bouleversant" for any slightly emotional event, diminishing its impact. Conversely, others might shy away from it, opting for simpler adjectives like "triste" (sad) or "joyeux" (happy), even when the situation calls for the stronger connotation of "bouleversant." Finding the right balance and understanding when an event is truly "bouleversant" is key.
Incorrect: J'ai mangé une pomme bouleversante. (Using it for something trivial)
Correct: The story of the child's survival was profoundly bouleversant.
- Confusing with Similar Words
- Learners might confuse "bouleversant" with words like "émouvant" (moving) or "choquant" (shocking). While related, "bouleversant" implies a deeper, more profound emotional disturbance than "émouvant," and it can encompass both positive and negative strong emotions, whereas "choquant" is almost exclusively negative and implies surprise or horror.
- Émouvant (Moving)
- Émouvant is a more general term for something that evokes emotion, often tenderness or sympathy. It's less intense than "bouleversant." If a story makes you feel a bit sad or touched, it's "émouvant." If it shakes you to your core and profoundly alters your emotional state, it's "bouleversant."
Example: "Son discours était émouvant." (His speech was moving.) vs. "Son discours était bouleversant." (His speech was overwhelming/deeply disturbing.)
- Choquant (Shocking)
- Choquant refers to something that causes shock, surprise, or outrage, usually in a negative way. While a "bouleversant" event might also be "choquant," "bouleversant" focuses on the emotional disturbance, whereas "choquant" emphasizes the element of surprise or offense.
Example: "La violence dans le film était choquante." (The violence in the film was shocking.) vs. "L'histoire de la victime était bouleversante." (The victim's story was overwhelming/deeply disturbing.)
- Troublant (Disturbing)
- Troublant suggests something that causes unease, worry, or mental disquiet. It's often used for things that are unsettling or make you think uncomfortably. "Bouleversant" is generally more intense and can encompass a wider range of strong emotions, not just unease.
Example: "Son regard était troublant." (His gaze was disturbing.) vs. "Sa transformation était bouleversante." (His transformation was overwhelming/profoundly impactful.)
- Remuant (Stirring/Exciting)
- Remuant implies something that stirs things up, often in a positive, exciting, or lively way. It doesn't carry the same weight of deep emotional disturbance as "bouleversant."
Example: "C'était une fête très remuante." (It was a very lively party.) vs. "La fin de la pièce était bouleversante." (The end of the play was overwhelming/profoundly impactful.)
- Profond (Profound)
- Profond means deep or profound. While "bouleversant" often implies a profound emotional experience, "profond" can describe depth in many other contexts (e.g., "une pensée profonde" - a profound thought). "Bouleversant" specifically targets the emotional impact.
Example: "Il a une compréhension profonde du sujet." (He has a profound understanding of the subject.) vs. "Sa décision était bouleversante." (His decision was overwhelming/life-changing.)
چقدر رسمی است؟
نکته جالب
The literal sense of 'bouleverser' as 'to overturn' is quite strong. Imagine a carriage literally overturning – it's a sudden, dramatic disruption. This physical disruption is the foundation for the figurative meaning of emotional upheaval. The idea is that something has literally 'turned the world upside down' for someone.
راهنمای تلفظ
- Pronouncing the final 'an' as a regular 'an' sound instead of a nasal vowel.
- Not stressing the final syllable sufficiently.
- Mispronouncing the 'ou' sound.
سطح دشواری
Understanding 'bouleversant' requires grasping its nuance of intense emotional disturbance, which may not be immediately apparent from literal translations. Context is key for accurate comprehension.
Using 'bouleversant' correctly involves accurate grammatical agreement and understanding when its intensity is appropriate, avoiding overuse or underuse.
Pronunciation and appropriate contextual use are important for conveying the intended meaning of emotional depth effectively.
Recognizing 'bouleversant' in spoken French requires familiarity with its sound and its common usage in emotional contexts.
بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟
پیشنیازها
بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
گرامر لازم
Adjective Agreement
Le film (masculine singular) était bouleversant. La pièce (feminine singular) était bouleversante. Les livres (masculine plural) étaient bouleversants. Les histoires (feminine plural) étaient bouleversantes.
Use of 'être' with Adjectives
When describing a state or quality, 'être' is commonly used with adjectives. 'Il est bouleversant.' (He is overwhelming/profoundly moving).
Adverbs Modifying Adjectives
Adverbs like 'très' (very), 'extrêmement' (extremely), 'particulièrement' (particularly) can intensify 'bouleversant'. 'Ce spectacle était particulièrement bouleversant.'
Past Participle as Adjective
The past participle 'bouleversé(e)(s)' means 'overwhelmed' or 'upset'. 'Je suis bouleversé par cette nouvelle.' (I am overwhelmed by this news.) This is related but distinct from the adjective 'bouleversant'.
Using 'que' for subordinate clauses
Il est bouleversant que tant de personnes souffrent. (It is overwhelming that so many people suffer.)
مثالها بر اساس سطح
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— It was overwhelming/deeply moving.
Quand j'ai revu ma famille après tant d'années, c'était bouleversant.
— An overwhelming/deeply moving story.
Elle nous a raconté une histoire bouleversante sur son enfance difficile.
— An overwhelming/deeply moving event.
La mort de l'artiste a été un événement bouleversant pour le monde de la musique.
— Very overwhelming/deeply moving.
Le documentaire sur les réfugiés était très bouleversant.
— Particularly overwhelming/deeply moving.
La fin du film était particulièrement bouleversante.
— Profoundly overwhelming/deeply moving.
La perte de son ami a été profondément bouleversante pour elle.
— The impact was overwhelming/deeply moving.
L'impact de cette découverte scientifique était bouleversant.
— An overwhelming/deeply moving testimony.
Le témoignage de la victime était bouleversant pour tous les présents.
— To make overwhelming/deeply moving.
La musique a rendu la scène encore plus bouleversante.
— To be overwhelmed/deeply moved by something.
Il était bouleversé par la beauté du paysage.
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
'Émouvant' means moving, evoking tenderness or sympathy. 'Bouleversant' is stronger, implying a deeper emotional disturbance or upheaval.
'Choquant' means shocking, usually negatively. 'Bouleversant' can be positive or negative and focuses more on the internal emotional disturbance.
'Troublant' means disturbing or unsettling, often implying unease. 'Bouleversant' is more about the intensity of the emotional impact.
بهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Both words describe something that evokes emotion.
'Émouvant' suggests a gentler, more sympathetic emotional response. 'Bouleversant' implies a much stronger, more disruptive emotional experience that can shake one's equilibrium. Think of 'émouvant' as a tear-jerker and 'bouleversant' as something that might make you question everything.
Le film était émouvant, mais le documentaire sur la guerre était bouleversant.
Both can describe events that elicit a strong reaction.
'Choquant' specifically refers to something that causes surprise, offense, or horror. 'Bouleversant' is broader; it describes the resulting emotional disturbance, which might stem from something shocking, but could also come from profound beauty or joy. 'Choquant' is about the external stimulus; 'bouleversant' is about the internal impact.
La violence était choquante, mais l'histoire de la survivante était bouleversante.
Both words suggest a sense of unease or disturbance.
'Troublant' often implies a subtle, perhaps unsettling or disquieting effect, making one feel uneasy or pensive. 'Bouleversant' denotes a much more profound and intense emotional upheaval, a significant shaking of one's inner state. Something 'troublant' might be hard to shake off, while something 'bouleversant' fundamentally alters one's emotional landscape.
Son regard était troublant, mais la révélation de son passé était bouleversante.
Both can describe a deep impact.
'Profond' means deep and can apply to many things (thoughts, understanding, sleep). When used with emotions, it means deep feeling. 'Bouleversant' specifically refers to the *type* of deep feeling: one that causes disturbance or overwhelming sensation. A 'profound' sadness is deep, but a 'bouleversant' experience might be a mixture of deep sadness, anger, and shock.
Il avait une tristesse profonde, mais la perte de sa maison fut bouleversante.
Both relate to emotional impact.
'Affectant' is a more general term for something that touches or affects someone emotionally, similar to 'émouvant'. It's less intense than 'bouleversant'. 'Bouleversant' implies a more significant emotional disturbance and a stronger reaction.
Ses paroles étaient affectantes, mais la nouvelle de l'accident fut bouleversante.
الگوهای جملهسازی
Subject + être + bouleversant(e)(s).
Le film était bouleversant.
Un/Une + Noun + bouleversant(e)(s).
C'était un moment bouleversant.
Adverb + bouleversant(e)(s).
Elle était très bouleversante.
Noun + qui + était + bouleversant(e)(s).
Le discours qui était prononcé était bouleversant.
Il est + Adjective + que + Subjunctive.
Il est bouleversant que nous ayons perdu ce match.
Expression + de + Noun + bouleversant(e)(s).
Son expression de douleur était bouleversante.
Être + bouleversé(e)(s) + par + Noun.
Il était bouleversé par la nouvelle.
Participle clause + bouleversant(e)(s).
Ayant vu tant de souffrance, son regard devint bouleversant.
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
فعلها
صفتها
مرتبط
نحوه استفاده
Moderately common, especially in contexts discussing art, significant events, and strong emotions.
-
Incorrect agreement (e.g., 'Le film était bouleversant' instead of 'bouleversante' for a feminine noun).
→
Le film était bouleversant. / La pièce était bouleversante.
Adjectives in French must agree in gender and number with the noun they modify. 'Bouleversant' needs to change its ending based on the noun's characteristics.
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Using 'bouleversant' for mild emotions.
→
The event was profoundly moving/overwhelming.
'Bouleversant' implies a significant emotional disturbance. Using it for something mildly sad or happy diminishes its power. Opt for 'émouvant' or 'touchant' for lesser emotions.
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Confusing 'bouleversant' with 'choquant' or 'troublant'.
→
The news was shocking. / The film was deeply moving.
'Choquant' implies surprise/offense. 'Troublant' implies unease. 'Bouleversant' denotes a more profound, often overwhelming, emotional impact that can be positive or negative.
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Mispronouncing the nasal vowel 'an'.
→
Pronounce 'bouleversant' with the nasal sound at the end.
The final 'an' is a nasal vowel, crucial for correct pronunciation. Failing to nasalize it changes the sound significantly and can hinder comprehension.
-
Thinking 'bouleversant' is always negative.
→
The reunion was overwhelming/deeply moving (in a positive way).
While 'bouleversant' can describe negative events, it also applies to overwhelmingly positive experiences that cause intense emotion, like joy or awe.
نکات
Master the Nasal 'an'
The final 'an' in 'bouleversant' is a nasal vowel, pronounced by allowing air to pass through both your nose and mouth. It's not like the 'an' in 'man'. Practice saying 'on', 'in', 'en', and 'an' with this nasal quality to get it right.
Agreement is Key
Remember that 'bouleversant' is an adjective and must agree in gender and number with the noun it describes. Pay close attention to feminine and plural forms: bouleversant, bouleversante, bouleversants, bouleversantes.
Context is Crucial
The meaning of 'bouleversant' can range from profound joy to deep sorrow. Always consider the context to understand the specific emotional nuance being conveyed. Is it overwhelming in a good way or a bad way?
Don't Overuse It
'Bouleversant' is a strong word. Using it for minor emotional events can dilute its impact. Save it for truly significant and deeply impactful experiences.
Create a Vivid Image
Imagine a 'bull' (boule) that is 'very' (ver) 'antsy' (sant) and causing a huge emotional stir. This mental image of a powerful, overwhelming force can help you remember the word and its meaning.
Contrast with 'Émouvant'
Think of 'émouvant' as a gentle wave that touches you, while 'bouleversant' is a tidal wave that shakes you. This distinction helps in choosing the right word for the intensity of emotion.
Describe Your Favorite Art
Try describing a film, book, or song that deeply affected you using 'bouleversant'. Write a short review explaining why it was so impactful.
From Uprooting to Emotion
The verb 'bouleverser' originally meant to overturn or spill. This sense of disruption and upheaval directly translates to the emotional disturbance implied by 'bouleversant'.
Distinguish from 'Choquant'
'Choquant' focuses on the surprise or offense of an event. 'Bouleversant' focuses on the resulting deep emotional disturbance, which might be caused by something shocking but isn't limited to it.
Sentence Building Challenge
Create five original sentences using 'bouleversant', ensuring correct agreement and context. Share them with a study partner or tutor for feedback.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Imagine a 'bull' (boule) that is 'very' (ver) 'antsy' (sant) because it's about to cause a massive 'uproar' (bouleversement). This 'bull' of emotion is so overwhelming it's 'bouleversant'.
تداعی تصویری
Picture a large, chaotic 'ball' (boule) of vibrant, swirling colors (representing strong emotions) that is literally 'spilling' or 'pouring' (verser) out of a container, creating a beautiful but overwhelming scene. The word itself sounds like 'ball-very-ants' - a very antsy ball causing chaos.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Try to describe a powerful movie or book you've experienced using the word 'bouleversant' and at least two other descriptive adjectives. Focus on conveying the depth of the emotional impact.
ریشه کلمه
The word "bouleversant" originates from the French verb "bouleverser," which itself is derived from "boule" (ball, sphere) and "verser" (to pour, to spill). The original sense of "bouleverser" was to overturn or to spill something, like overturning a pot or a carriage. This literal meaning of disruption and upheaval gradually extended to emotional and figurative contexts.
معنای اصلی: To overturn, to spill, to upset.
Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Frenchبافت فرهنگی
While 'bouleversant' can describe positive emotions, it is often associated with intense, sometimes negative, emotional experiences like grief, loss, or profound shock. Therefore, it should be used thoughtfully, especially when discussing sensitive topics.
In English, we might use words like 'overwhelming,' 'heartbreaking,' 'moving,' 'profound,' or 'shattering' to convey similar meanings, but 'bouleversant' often carries a specific weight of emotional disturbance that is unique.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Art and Media Reviews
- Un film bouleversant
- Un livre bouleversant
- Une performance bouleversante
Personal Experiences
- Une expérience bouleversante
- Un moment bouleversant
- Un souvenir bouleversant
News and Current Events
- Une nouvelle bouleversante
- Un événement bouleversant
- Un témoignage bouleversant
Describing Strong Emotions
- Un sentiment bouleversant
- Une réaction bouleversante
- Être bouleversé par...
Life-Changing Events
- Un changement bouleversant
- Une découverte bouleversante
- Une décision bouleversante
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"Have you ever experienced something that was truly bouleversant?"
"What kind of movies do you find most bouleversant?"
"Can you think of a book that left you feeling bouleversant?"
"How does the word 'bouleversant' make you feel?"
"When was the last time you felt emotionally bouleversé?"
موضوعات نگارش
Describe a memory that is particularly bouleversant for you, explaining why.
Write about a piece of art (music, painting, film) that you found bouleversant and what it communicated.
Reflect on a time when you witnessed something bouleversant and how it affected you.
Imagine a fictional scenario that would be bouleversant. What would happen?
How can understanding 'bouleversant' help us appreciate different forms of expression?
سوالات متداول
10 سوالNo, 'bouleversant' describes intense emotional disturbance, which can be positive or negative. A joyous reunion, an act of incredible kindness, or witnessing breathtaking beauty can all be 'bouleversant' in their overwhelming intensity. However, it is frequently used for tragic or deeply moving negative events as well.
'Émouvant' means moving, evoking sympathy or tenderness. It's a less intense emotional response. 'Bouleversant' is much stronger; it implies a profound disturbance or overwhelming sensation that shakes you emotionally, often on a deeper level than 'émouvant'.
The pronunciation is approximately /bu.lɛ.vɛʁ.sɑ̃/. Key points are the 'ou' sound like 'oo' in 'book', the 'e' in 'le' as a schwa, the 'er' sound similar to 'ir' in 'bird', and the final 'an' as a nasal vowel sound. The stress is on the last syllable: bou-le-VER-sant.
Generally, no. 'Bouleversant' is reserved for experiences or things that have a significant, profound emotional impact. Using it for trivial matters would diminish its meaning and sound unnatural. For example, you wouldn't typically call eating a delicious sandwich 'bouleversant'.
The noun form is 'bouleversement', which means upheaval, disruption, or profound emotional disturbance. For instance, 'Le bouleversement causé par la nouvelle était immense.' (The upheaval caused by the news was immense.)
Yes, as an adjective, 'bouleversant' must agree with the noun it modifies. It becomes 'bouleversante' for feminine singular nouns, 'bouleversants' for masculine plural nouns, and 'bouleversantes' for feminine plural nouns.
It's more common to describe events, experiences, art, or situations as 'bouleversant'. While a person's actions or words can be described as 'bouleversant', it's less common to describe the person themselves directly as 'bouleversant' unless referring to their profound impact or nature.
There isn't one perfect English equivalent. 'Overwhelming', 'deeply moving', 'profoundly affecting', 'shattering', or 'heartbreaking' can capture aspects of it, depending on the context. The key is the intensity of the emotional disturbance.
'Très fort' (very strong) is general. 'Bouleversant' is specific to intense *emotional* disturbance and impact. If something is emotionally overwhelming, 'bouleversant' is more precise than just 'très fort'.
Yes, common phrases include 'une expérience bouleversante' (an overwhelming experience), 'un moment bouleversant' (an overwhelming moment), 'un film bouleversant' (an overwhelming film), and 'c'était bouleversant' (it was overwhelming).
خودت رو بسنج 10 سوال
/ 10 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
Bouleversant signifies an experience that deeply disturbs or overwhelms you emotionally, leaving a significant impact, whether it's a joyous reunion or a tragic event.
- Describes intense emotional impact.
- Can be positive or negative.
- Implies being deeply affected.
- Synonym for overwhelming.
Master the Nasal 'an'
The final 'an' in 'bouleversant' is a nasal vowel, pronounced by allowing air to pass through both your nose and mouth. It's not like the 'an' in 'man'. Practice saying 'on', 'in', 'en', and 'an' with this nasal quality to get it right.
Agreement is Key
Remember that 'bouleversant' is an adjective and must agree in gender and number with the noun it describes. Pay close attention to feminine and plural forms: bouleversant, bouleversante, bouleversants, bouleversantes.
Context is Crucial
The meaning of 'bouleversant' can range from profound joy to deep sorrow. Always consider the context to understand the specific emotional nuance being conveyed. Is it overwhelming in a good way or a bad way?
Don't Overuse It
'Bouleversant' is a strong word. Using it for minor emotional events can dilute its impact. Save it for truly significant and deeply impactful experiences.
مثال
La fin du roman était absolument bouleversante.
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر emotions
à contrecœur
B1انجام دادن کاری از روی بی میلی یا ناخواسته.
à fleur de peau
B1Oversensitive; easily affected emotionally.
à la fois
B1به معنای «در آن واحد» یا «همزمان» است.
à l'aise
A2احساس راحتی، آرامش و عدم خجالت یا نگرانی.
à regret
B1With regret; reluctantly.
abandon
B1عمل ترک کردن کسی یا چیزی به طور دائمی.
abasourdi
B1Stunned, dumbfounded, greatly astonished or shocked.
abattement
A2حالت ناامیدی شدید یا از دست دادن توان جسمی و روحی.
abattu
A2افسرده؛ ناامید؛ بیحال.
abominable
B1Causing moral revulsion; detestable.
