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A1 noun 3 دقیقه مطالعه

sungai

The Indonesian word for river is sungai.

It's a common noun you'll hear often, especially when talking about nature or geography in Indonesia.

You can use sungai just like you would use "river" in English.

For example, if you want to say "the river is long," you would say "sungainya panjang."

تمرین کن

§ Understanding 'Sungai' - River

Alright, let's talk about 'sungai'. This word is pretty straightforward. It means 'river'. You'll hear it a lot, especially if you're traveling around Indonesia, which is full of rivers. It's a fundamental word, so make sure you get it down.

DEFINITION: A large natural stream of water flowing in a channel to the sea, a lake, or another river.

Ada banyak sungai di Kalimantan. (There are many rivers in Kalimantan.)

Mari kita berenang di sungai itu. (Let's swim in that river.)

§ How to Use 'Sungai' in Sentences

Using 'sungai' is pretty simple. It acts like any other noun. You can put it with adjectives, prepositions, or use it as a subject or object in a sentence. Just remember it's always referring to a river.

Anak-anak bermain di tepi sungai. (The children are playing on the riverbank.)

Apakah sungai ini dalam? (Is this river deep?)

§ Similar Words and When to Use 'Sungai'

You might wonder if there are other words for bodies of water. Yes, there are, but 'sungai' is specifically for a river. Let's look at some related terms so you know when to use which word.

Danau: This means 'lake'. A lake is a large body of still water surrounded by land.
Laut: This means 'sea' or 'ocean'. Much larger than a river and contains saltwater.
Kali: This is an older, more traditional, and sometimes informal word for a small river or stream, particularly in Java. While 'kali' can sometimes be used interchangeably with 'sungai' in very specific local contexts, especially for smaller waterways, 'sungai' is the standard, more general, and widely understood term for 'river' across all of Indonesia. Think of 'kali' as more like a 'creek' or 'small stream' when compared to 'sungai' which is a proper 'river'.
Selokan/Parit: These words refer to 'ditch' or 'drain'. These are man-made channels, much smaller than a river.

So, when should you use 'sungai'? Always use 'sungai' when you're talking about a natural flowing body of freshwater, usually larger than a stream. If you're talking about a big, important watercourse, 'sungai' is the word.

Kami pergi memancing di sungai besar. (We went fishing in the big river.)

Apakah ada buaya di sungai ini? (Are there crocodiles in this river?)

Don't confuse it with 'danau' if you're talking about a lake, or 'laut' if you're referring to the sea. And while 'kali' exists, stick to 'sungai' for general use to avoid any misunderstanding about the size or type of water body you're discussing. 'Sungai' is the most accurate and common translation for 'river'.

Knowing these distinctions will help you sound more natural and precise when speaking Indonesian. 'Sungai' is your go-to word for 'river'. Keep practicing, and you'll get it right.

ترکیب‌های رایج

sungai besar large river

sungai kecil small river

tepi sungai river bank

arus sungai river current

muara sungai river mouth

hulu sungai upstream (of a river)

hilir sungai downstream (of a river)

dasar sungai riverbed

air sungai river water

menyusuri sungai to go along the river

عبارات رایج

Sungai ini dalam.

This river is deep.

Ada banyak ikan di sungai.

There are many fish in the river.

Kami berenang di sungai.

We swam in the river.

Perahu itu melaju di sungai.

The boat moved along the river.

Anak-anak bermain di tepi sungai.

Children played on the river bank.

Air sungai sangat jernih.

The river water is very clear.

Mereka mendirikan tenda di dekat sungai.

They set up a tent near the river.

Jembatan itu melintasi sungai.

The bridge crosses the river.

Kami melihat buaya di sungai.

We saw a crocodile in the river.

Sungai itu mengalir ke laut.

The river flows into the sea.

الگوهای دستوری

Use 'sebuah' for a singular, indefinite noun (a river). Use 'itu' after a noun to mean 'the' (that river). Use 'ini' after a noun to mean 'this' (this river). Adjectives typically follow the noun they describe. Prepositions like 'di' (at/in) and 'dekat' (near) precede the noun. Simple subject-verb-object (SVO) sentence structure.

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

Ini adalah sebuah [word].

Ini adalah sebuah sungai.

Ada [word] di sana.

Ada sungai di sana.

[word] itu panjang.

Sungai itu panjang. (The river is long.)

Saya melihat sebuah [word].

Saya melihat sebuah sungai. (I see a river.)

Di mana [word]?

Di mana sungai? (Where is the river?)

[word] ini bersih.

Sungai ini bersih. (This river is clean.)

Dekat [word].

Dekat sungai. (Near the river.)

Saya suka [word].

Saya suka sungai. (I like rivers.)

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

sungai kecil stream

sungai besar large river

sungai utama main river

sungai bawah tanah underground river

خودت رو بسنج 30 سوال

fill blank A1

Anak-anak bermain di tepi ___.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: sungai

The children are playing by the 'river'.

fill blank A1

Ada banyak ikan di ___ itu.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: sungai

There are many fish in that 'river'.

fill blank A1

Perahu kecil itu berlayar di ___ yang tenang.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: sungai

The small boat is sailing on the calm 'river'.

fill blank A1

Mari kita pergi memancing di ___.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: sungai

Let's go fishing in the 'river'.

fill blank A1

Air ___ itu sangat jernih.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: sungai

The 'river' water is very clear.

fill blank A1

Pemandangan di sekitar ___ sangat indah.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح: sungai

The scenery around the 'river' is very beautiful.

sentence order A1