A1 · مبتدی فصل 14

Japanese Adjectives: い and な Types

2 مجموع قواعد
9 مثال‌ها
1 دقیقه
قواعد این فصل تمرین سریع

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Unlock the power to describe your world using the two distinct families of Japanese adjectives.

  • Identify the difference between い-type and な-type adjectives.
  • Modify nouns directly to create descriptive phrases.
  • Conjugate い-adjectives into simple polite negative forms.
Add color and character to every Japanese sentence.

چی یاد می‌گیری

Discover how Japanese adjectives work — two distinct types with their own conjugation rules and sentence patterns.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Correctly identify if an adjective is い-type or な-type by its ending.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: Construct sentences using な-adjectives to describe nouns (e.g., 'a quiet room').
  3. 3
    By the end you will be able to: State that something is 'not' an い-adjective quality (e.g., 'not delicious') in polite speech.

مثال‌های کلیدی (4)

1

Kono sushi wa oishii desu.

This sushi is delicious.

い-Adjectives: Japanese Adjectives That Conjugate
2

Ano eiga wa omoshirokunakatta desu.

That movie was not interesting.

い-Adjectives: Japanese Adjectives That Conjugate
3

Kono heya wa shizuka desu.

This room is quiet.

な-Adjectives: Japanese Adjectives That Need な
4

Genki na kodomo

An energetic child

な-Adjectives: Japanese Adjectives That Need な

نکات و ترفندها (2)

💡

The 'i' Rule

Always look for the 'i' at the end. If it's there, you're likely dealing with an i-adjective.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: い-Adjectives: Japanese Adjectives That Conjugate
💡

The 'i' test

If the word ends in 'i' but you aren't sure, check a dictionary. Most na-adjectives don't end in 'i'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: な-Adjectives: Japanese Adjectives That Need な

واژگان کلیدی (6)

美味しい(おいしい) delicious 高い(たかい) expensive/tall 綺麗(きれい) beautiful/clean 静か(しずか) quiet 面白い(おもしろい) interesting/funny 有名(ゆうめい) famous

Real-World Preview

coffee

Lunch at a Famous Cafe

Review Summary

  • Adjective(い) + です
  • Adjective + な + Noun

اشتباهات رایج

綺麗(きれい) ends in the sound 'i', but the kanji is part of the stem. It is a な-adjective, so do not add an extra い.

Wrong: きれい(い) です [Kireii desu]
صحیح: きれいです [Kirei desu]

Never use 'na' with い-adjectives. They connect directly to nouns without any extra words.

Wrong: 美味しい(おいしい)な 人(ひと) [Oishii na hito]
صحیح: 美味しい(おいしい) 人(ひと) [Oishii hito]

You must use 'na' when a な-adjective comes before a noun. Without it, the sentence is grammatically broken.

Wrong: 静か(しずか) 人(ひと) [Shizuka hito]
صحیح: 静か(しずか)な 人(ひと) [Shizuka na hito]

Next Steps

You've just unlocked a massive part of the Japanese language. Being able to describe things makes your conversations much more personal and engaging. Keep practicing those two types!

Look around your room and pick 5 objects. Describe each with one adjective.

Write 3 sentences about a famous person using な-adjectives.

Continue to: گفتنِ "هست" و "نیست" به ژاپنی، مؤدبانه!

تمرین سریع (6)

Choose the correct sentence.

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 静かです
No 'na' at the end of a sentence.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: な-Adjectives: Japanese Adjectives That Need な

Fix the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Kino wa samui-katta desu.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Samukatta desu
Drop 'i' before 'katta'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: い-Adjectives: Japanese Adjectives That Conjugate

Fill in the blank.

これは___な本です。(easy)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 簡単な
Needs 'na' to modify the noun.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: な-Adjectives: Japanese Adjectives That Need な

Which is the correct negative form of 'Oishii'?

Oishii -> ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Oishikunai
Drop 'i' and add 'kunai'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: い-Adjectives: Japanese Adjectives That Conjugate

Fix the error.

Find and fix the mistake:

暑いな日

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 暑い日
I-adjectives don't need 'na'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: な-Adjectives: Japanese Adjectives That Need な

Conjugate 'Takai' for past affirmative.

Kino wa ___ desu.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Takakatta
Past affirmative is 'katta'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: い-Adjectives: Japanese Adjectives That Conjugate

Score: /6

سوالات رایج (4)

If it ends in 'i', it's almost certainly an i-adjective.
No, 'desu' is for polite speech. Use it with the dictionary form.
Because it requires the particle 'na' when modifying a noun.
No, 'no' is for nouns. 'Na' is specifically for na-adjectives.
فصل قبلی
ژاپنی مودبانه: شروع کن و بگو چی هستی!
فصل بعدی
گفتنِ "هست" و "نیست" به ژاپنی، مؤدبانه!
برگشت به نقشه راه