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A1 noun #3,002 پرکاربردترین 10 دقیقه مطالعه

通報

tsūhō رتبه 3,002

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 通報 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 通報 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should learn 通報 (tsūhō) as a word related to safety and emergencies. Think of it as the word you use when you need to call '110' for the police or '119' for a fire. You don't need to know complex legal details yet. Just remember the phrase 'Keisatsu ni tsūhō suru' (Report to the police). It is an important 'survival' word. In Japan, you might see this word on posters near schools or in train stations. If you see a crime or a fire, you 'tsūhō' to the authorities. It is a 'suru-verb,' so you can say tsūhō shimasu (I will report) or tsūhō shimashita (I reported). Even at this basic level, knowing this word helps you understand that some reporting is only for the police or fire department, not for friends or teachers.

At the A2 level, you can start using 通報 (tsūhō) in more complete sentences. You should understand that it is used for specific emergency situations. For example, 'Kaji o tsūhō suru' (to report a fire). You also learn the particle ni to show who you are reporting to: 'Shōbōsho ni tsūhō suru' (to report to the fire station). At this level, you might also see the word used on the internet. If you see a bad comment on a website, you might see a button that says 'Report' in English, but in Japanese, it might say tsūhō. You can also distinguish it from renraku (contact). Renraku is for calling a friend; tsūhō is for calling the police. This distinction is key for natural Japanese communication.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the B1 level, you should be able to use 通報 (tsūhō) to describe events you see in the news. You will notice that news reporters often say 'Jūnin kara no tsūhō' (a report from a resident). You should also understand the passive form 'tsūhō sareru' (to be reported). For instance, 'Kare wa fushin-sha to shite tsūhō sareta' (He was reported as a suspicious person). This level involves understanding the social responsibility associated with the word. You might also encounter the word in workplace safety contexts, such as what to do if you find a gas leak or a security breach. You should be comfortable using the word in both spoken and written Japanese when discussing public safety or rules violations.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the B2 level, you will encounter 通報 (tsūhō) in more formal and legalistic contexts. This includes terms like 'Naibu-tsūhō' (internal whistleblowing) and 'Tsūhō-sha hogo' (protection of informants/whistleblowers). You should understand the nuance of 'mandatory reporting' (tsūhō gimu). For example, in Japan, if a person suspects child abuse, they have a legal duty to report it. You can discuss the ethics of reporting and the difference between tsūhō (official report) and mikkoku (snitching). Your vocabulary should expand to include synonyms like kokuhatsu (denunciation) and how they differ in legal weight. You should be able to read newspaper articles about police investigations and understand the role of the tsūhō in starting the investigation.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the C1 level, your understanding of 通報 (tsūhō) should include its administrative and systemic implications. You can analyze how the reporting system functions in Japanese society, such as the effectiveness of the '110-ban' system or the societal pressure that leads to certain types of tsūhō. You will encounter the word in legal documents, government white papers, and academic texts on sociology or law. You should be able to use the word in nuanced debates about privacy versus public safety. For example, discussing whether the increase in social media tsūhō (reporting) is leading to more censorship. You should also be familiar with the historical evolution of the word and its kanji components, understanding how 'communication' (通) and 'report' (報) combine to create this formal concept.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the C2 level, you have a masterly grasp of 通報 (tsūhō) across all registers. You can use it in high-level legal discourse, policy-making contexts, or literary analysis. You understand the subtle emotional undertones when the word is used in literature to describe a character's betrayal or their commitment to justice. You can differentiate between the various types of reporting systems (e.g., shōbō-tsūhō vs. kaijō-hoan-tsūhō for maritime safety). You are also aware of the international equivalents and can translate the specific Japanese cultural nuance of 'community monitoring' that tsūhō often implies. You can write professional reports or academic papers that utilize the term with absolute precision, acknowledging its legal definitions and societal consequences.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

通報 در ۳۰ ثانیه

Formal report to authorities (police/fire).
Used for crimes, accidents, and emergencies.
Often combined with 'suru' to mean 'to report.'
Key for public safety and emergency situations.

The Japanese word 通報 (つうほう - tsūhō) is a formal noun that translates most accurately to 'report,' 'notification,' or 'alert' in the context of contacting official authorities. Unlike the general word for reporting information in a business setting (報告 - hōkoku) or simply contacting someone (連絡 - renraku), tsūhō is specifically reserved for situations involving the police, fire department, or other regulatory bodies. When you witness a car accident, a theft, or a suspicious person, the act of dialing 110 (the Japanese emergency number for police) and providing details is termed 通報. It implies a sense of urgency and a request for official intervention. In the modern digital age, this word has also expanded to include reporting inappropriate content or harassment on social media platforms, though the core meaning of 'alerting an authority to a problem' remains consistent.

Official Reporting: The most common usage is in emergency services. For example, keisatsu ni tsūhō suru means to report something to the police.

近所で火事を見つけたので、すぐに消防署に通報しました。(I saw a fire in the neighborhood, so I immediately reported it to the fire department.)

Furthermore, 通報 is used in legal and administrative contexts. For instance, 'mandatory reporting' (義務的通報) refers to the legal obligation of certain professionals, like doctors or teachers, to alert authorities if they suspect child abuse or elder neglect. The word carries a weight of responsibility; it is not merely sharing news, but initiating a formal process that may lead to investigation or emergency response. In news broadcasts, you will frequently hear the phrase kinrin no jūnin kara no tsūhō (a report from a nearby resident), which sets the stage for how a crime or incident was first discovered by the authorities.

Social Media Context: On apps like X (Twitter) or YouTube, the 'Report' button is often labeled as tsūhō or hōkoku, used to flag violations of terms of service.

不適切な投稿を見つけたら、運営に通報してください。(If you find an inappropriate post, please report it to the management.)

Understanding the nuance of 通報 is vital for navigating life in Japan safely. It is a word associated with civic duty and public safety. While it might sound intimidating, knowing how to use it correctly ensures that you can communicate effectively in high-pressure situations where every second counts. It is a 'high-register' word, meaning it sounds professional and serious, fitting its role in law enforcement and emergency response contexts.

Using 通報 (tsūhō) correctly involves understanding its function as both a noun and a suru-verb. As a noun, it often appears in phrases like tsūhō o ukeru (to receive a report) or tsūhō ga hairu (a report comes in). As a verb, tsūhō suru (to report), it typically takes the target authority as the indirect object marked by the particle に (ni). For example, 'Report to the police' is keisatsu ni tsūhō suru. The reason for the report is often marked by the particle を (o) or phrased as a separate clause ending in to (that).

Verb Usage: The verb form tsūhō suru describes the action of making the call or filing the alert. It is active and direct.

通行人が、道端で倒れている人を見つけて警察に通報した。(A passerby found a person collapsed on the roadside and reported it to the police.)

In passive contexts, tsūhō sareru (to be reported) is often used when someone is the subject of a report, usually due to suspicious or illegal behavior. For example, 'He was reported by a neighbor' would be kare wa kinrin no jūnin ni tsūhō sareta. This highlights the social monitoring aspect of the word. In formal reports or news, you might see the noun form coupled with ni yoru (due to/by way of), as in shimin no tsūhō ni yori (thanks to a report from a citizen).

Passive/Receiving: Police officers often describe their arrival at a scene by saying they received a report: tsūhō o ukete genba ni kyūkō shita (rushed to the scene after receiving a report).

「怪しい男がいる」という通報を受け、警察官が駆けつけた。(Police officers arrived after receiving a report saying 'there is a suspicious man.')

Finally, the word appears in compound nouns like tsūhō sōchi (reporting device/alarm) or tsūhō gimu (duty to report). These terms are common in legal documents and safety manuals. For students of Japanese, mastering the collocation keisatsu ni tsūhō suru is the most practical starting point, as it appears in almost every crime-related news story or detective drama.

You will encounter 通報 (tsūhō) in several specific environments in Japan. The most frequent is the daily news cycle. Whether on television, radio, or news websites, reports of accidents, fires, and crimes invariably mention how the authorities were alerted. You will hear anchors say, 'Tōri-kakatta hito ga tsūhō shimashita' (A person who happened to be passing by made the report). This phrasing is standard and helps establish the timeline of the event.

TV News & Media: In crime dramas (keisatsu-mono), characters often shout into their radios, 'Tsūhō ari!' (Report received!) or 'Tsūhō shiro!' (Make the report!).

ニュース：「午前3時ごろ、住民から『叫び声が聞こえる』と警察に通報がありました。」(News: Around 3 AM, there was a report to the police from a resident saying 'I can hear screaming.')

Another place you'll see this word is on social media and internet forums. Because of 'cyber-patrols' and community moderation, users are encouraged to tsūhō (report) accounts that engage in hate speech, spam, or scams. In Japanese internet slang, sometimes people use the word tsūhō humorously when someone posts something slightly 'illegal' or 'too lewd,' implying 'I'm calling the police on you' as a joke, though the word itself remains formal.

Daily Life & Safety: In apartment buildings, there are often notices about noise complaints or suspicious visitors, urging tenants to tsūhō the management or police.

掲示板：万引きを見つけたら、直ちに店員へ通報してください。(Bulletin Board: If you spot shoplifting, please report it to a staff member immediately.)

Finally, in professional settings like hospitals, schools, or social work offices, 通報 is a technical term used in meetings to discuss legal obligations. If a teacher sees signs of abuse on a child, they must discuss the 'tsūhō' process to the Child Guidance Center (Jidō Sōdan-jo). In these contexts, the word represents a serious, bureaucratic step taken to protect individuals, emphasizing that it is an official action rather than a personal choice.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing 通報 (tsūhō) with 報告 (hōkoku). While both involve 'reporting' information, their contexts are mutually exclusive. Hōkoku is used for reporting progress to a boss, giving a summary of a trip to your parents, or providing a status update on a project. Using tsūhō in a business meeting to say 'I reported the sales figures to the manager' would sound very strange, as it implies you called the police to tell them about your sales numbers!

Tsūhō vs. Hōkoku: Tsūhō: Police, Fire, Authorities, Emergencies.
Hōkoku: Boss, Work, General Information Sharing.

❌ 上司に売上を通報しました。 (Incorrect: Reported sales to the boss like a crime.)
✅ 上司に売上を報告しました。 (Correct: Reported sales to the boss.)

Another mistake involves the particles. Many learners use o (direct object) for the person they are reporting to, but ni (indirect object) is much more natural for the authority receiving the report. For example, keisatsu o tsūhō suru is grammatically possible but often interpreted as 'reporting the police (for doing something wrong),' whereas keisatsu ni tsūhō suru means 'reporting (an incident) TO the police.'

Particle Confusion: Use に for the police/fire station. Use を for the crime or the person being reported.

✅ 泥棒を警察に通報する。(Report the thief to the police.)

Lastly, don't use tsūhō for reporting a simple sickness or absence from school. If you are sick and calling your teacher, use renraku (contact) or todoke (notice). If you use tsūhō, the teacher might think you are reporting a crime or a major public health emergency. Keep tsūhō in your 'emergency/official' vocabulary bucket to avoid causing unnecessary alarm or sounding overly dramatic.

Japanese has many words for 'reporting' or 'notifying,' and choosing the right one depends on the target and the severity of the information. 報告 (hōkoku) is the general-purpose word for reporting facts or results in a hierarchy, like a subordinate to a superior. 連絡 (renraku) is for general communication or staying in touch. 通知 (tsūchi) is used for formal notifications, often from an institution to an individual, like a 'Notice of Acceptance' or a 'Payment Notice.'

Tsūhō vs. Todokede: Tsūhō: Often urgent, reporting an incident or crime (e.g., calling 110).
Todokede (届け出): Official filing of paperwork (e.g., registering a birth or marriage).

役所に住所変更を届け出る。(File a notice of address change at the ward office.)

When the reporting involves accusing someone of a crime specifically to seek punishment, the word 告訴 (kokuso) or 告発 (kokuhatsu) is used. Kokuso is a complaint filed by a victim, while kokuhatsu is a report filed by a third party. These are much more legalistic and heavy than a simple tsūhō. Another related word is 密告 (mikkoku), which means 'secretly informing' or 'snitching,' often with a negative connotation of betrayal.

Comparison Table

通報 (Tsūhō): Emergency/Incident alert.
告発 (Kokuhatsu): Formal legal denunciation.
密告 (Mikkoku): Snitching/Secret reporting.
申告 (Shinkoku): Declaration (e.g., tax return).

彼は税務署に申告を忘れた。(He forgot to file his declaration at the tax office.)

In summary, 通報 sits in a unique spot: it is more serious than a casual contact, more urgent than a standard report, and more 'public-safety' oriented than a formal legal accusation. By understanding these alternatives, you can precisely describe the act of sharing information based on the gravity of the situation and the person receiving the news.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The character '報' originally depicted a person being punished and then released, which evolved into the meaning of 'reporting' or 'repaying.'

راهنمای تلفظ

UK tsɯːhoː

US tsuːhoʊ

Flat pitch (Heiban), but often the 'tsu' starts slightly higher and the rest stays level.

هم‌قافیه با

Kōhō (Public relations) Jōhō (Information) Hōhō (Method) Kyōhō (Bad news) Chōhō (Intelligence) Ryōhō (Therapy) Shōhō (Commercial law) Gōhō (Legal)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing 'tsu' as two sounds 't-su'.
Shortening the long vowels (tsuho instead of tsūhō).
Confusing 'tsu' with 'su'.
Stress-accenting the first syllable too heavily.
Muffling the 'n' sound (it's a nasal stop).

سطح دشواری

خواندن 3/5

Kanji are common but require N3 level for casual reading, though the concept is A1.

نوشتن 4/5

The kanji for 'hō' (報) can be tricky to write correctly.

صحبت کردن 2/5

Easy to pronounce if you remember the long vowels.

گوش دادن 2/5

Very common in news and dramas, easy to recognize once learned.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

警察 (Police) 火事 (Fire) 言う (To say) 電話 (Phone) 事故 (Accident)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

報告 (Report) 連絡 (Contact) 相談 (Consultation) 逮捕 (Arrest) 捜査 (Investigation)

پیشرفته

告訴 (Accusation) 告発 (Denunciation) 公益通報 (Public interest reporting) 守秘義務 (Confidentiality)

گرامر لازم

Suru-Verbs

通報する、通報します、通報した。

Particle 'Ni' for Recipient

警察に通報する。

Particle 'O' for Object

火事を通報する。

Passive Voice 'Sare-ru'

犯人は通報された。

Noun Modification

通報した人 (The person who reported).

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

警察に通報します。

I will report to the police.

Uses the particle 'ni' to indicate the recipient of the report.

火事を通報しました。

I reported a fire.

Uses 'o' for the thing being reported.

すぐに通報してください。

Please report it immediately.

The imperative form 'shite kudasai' is used for urgency.

110番に通報する。

Dial 110 and report.

110-ban is the specific number for the police.

彼は警察に通報した。

He reported (it) to the police.

Past tense 'shimashita' or 'shita'.

だれが通報しましたか？

Who made the report?

Question form using 'dare' (who).

通報は大切です。

Reporting is important.

Used here as a simple noun.

泥棒を見て通報した。

I saw a thief and reported it.

Te-form 'mite' connects seeing and reporting.

不審な人を通報しました。

I reported a suspicious person.

'Fushin na hito' means suspicious person.

事故を通報してくれました。

Someone reported the accident for me.

'~te kureta' shows someone did a favor.

消防署に通報してください。

Please report to the fire department.

Targeting the fire department specifically.

通報を受けた警察が来ました。

The police who received the report came.

Noun modification: 'tsūhō o uketa' modifies 'keisatsu'.

SNSで暴言を通報した。

I reported verbal abuse on social media.

'SNS de' indicates the platform.

匿名で通報できますか？

Can I report anonymously?

'Tokumei de' means anonymously.

近所の人が通報したようです。

It seems a neighbor reported it.

'~yō desu' indicates an inference.

通報ボタンを押してください。

Please press the report button.

Compound noun 'tsūhō botan'.

事件の通報が相次いでいる。

Reports of the incident are coming in one after another.

'Aitsugu' means to happen in succession.

虐待の疑いがあれば、通報する義務があります。

If there is suspicion of abuse, there is a duty to report.

'Gimu' means duty/obligation.

誤って通報してしまった。

I reported it by mistake.

'~te shimatta' expresses regret or an accident.

通報の内容を確認しています。

We are confirming the content of the report.

'Naiyō' means content.

彼は近隣住民に通報された。

He was reported by the neighborhood residents.

Passive voice 'sareta'.

通報のおかげで、犯人が捕まった。

Thanks to the report, the criminal was caught.

'~no okage de' means thanks to.

いたずらで通報してはいけません。

You must not make a report as a prank.

'Itazura' means prank/mischief.

通報のシステムが新しくなった。

The reporting system has been updated.

Refers to the technical infrastructure.

内部通報制度を利用する。

Use the internal whistleblowing system.

'Naibu-tsūhō' is the term for whistleblowing.

通報者のプライバシーを保護する。

Protect the privacy of the informant.

'Tsūhō-sha' means the person who reports.

警察は通報を受けてから5分で到着した。

The police arrived 5 minutes after receiving the report.

'~te kara' shows the sequence of time.

虚偽の通報は罪に問われる可能性がある。

False reporting can potentially be prosecuted as a crime.

'Kyogi' means false; 'tsumi ni towareru' means to be held liable for a crime.

児童相談所に通報が寄せられた。

A report was submitted to the Child Guidance Center.

'Yoserareru' is a formal way to say 'collected' or 'received'.

通報の遅れが被害を拡大させた。

The delay in reporting expanded the damage.

'Kakudai saseta' is the causative form.

システムが自動的に警察に通報する。

The system automatically reports to the police.

'Jidō-teki ni' means automatically.

不法投棄を見つけたら通報してください。

If you find illegal dumping, please report it.

'Fuhō tōki' is illegal dumping.

通報の信憑性を慎重に評価する必要がある。

It is necessary to carefully evaluate the credibility of the report.

'Shinpyō-sei' means credibility.

通報義務の範囲が法改正によって拡大された。

The scope of the duty to report was expanded by legal amendments.

'Han'i' means scope; 'hō-kaisei' means law amendment.

公益通報者保護法について学ぶ。

Learn about the Whistleblower Protection Act.

A specific legal term for the protection of those who report public interest violations.

通報を躊躇わせる社会的な要因を探る。

Explore the social factors that cause people to hesitate to report.

'Tamerawaseru' is the causative form of 'tamerau' (to hesitate).

その事件は、匿名の通報が端緒となった。

That case was triggered by an anonymous report.

'Tansho' means the beginning or clue of an investigation.

通報経路の多様化が求められている。

Diversification of reporting channels is required.

'Keiro' means route/channel.

通報内容が詳細であったため、迅速な対応が可能だった。

Because the content of the report was detailed, a swift response was possible.

'Shōsai' means detailed; 'jinsoku' means swift.

過剰な通報が警察の業務を圧迫している。

Excessive reporting is putting pressure on police operations.

'Appaku suru' means to pressure or weigh down.

通報という行為が孕む倫理的ジレンマを考察する。

Examine the ethical dilemmas inherent in the act of reporting.

'Haramu' means to be pregnant with or contain (nuances/risks).

通報システムの脆弱性がサイバー攻撃によって露呈した。

The vulnerability of the reporting system was exposed by a cyberattack.

'Zeijaku-sei' means vulnerability; 'rotei' means exposure.

国家安全保障に関わる通報の取り扱いは極めて慎重を期すべきだ。

The handling of reports concerning national security should be extremely cautious.

'Shincho o kisu' is an idiomatic expression for being extremely careful.

通報者の主観が事実を歪曲する可能性を否定できない。

The possibility that the informant's subjectivity distorts the facts cannot be denied.

'Waikyoku' means distortion.

地域社会における相互監視と通報の力学を分析する。

Analyze the dynamics of mutual surveillance and reporting in local communities.

'Rikigaku' means dynamics/mechanics.

通報件数の推移から、治安の悪化が読み取れる。

A deterioration in public order can be inferred from the trend in the number of reports.

'Suī' means transition/trend.

通報の奨励が、かえって市民間の不信感を助長している。

Encouraging reporting is, on the contrary, fostering distrust among citizens.

'Jochō suru' means to promote or aggravate (usually something negative).

法的な通報義務と守秘義務の相克が問題となっている。

The conflict between the legal duty to report and the duty of confidentiality is becoming an issue.

'Sōkoku' means conflict/rivalry.

مترادف‌ها

報告通知連絡告発密告

متضادها

隠蔽黙認

ترکیب‌های رایج

警察に通報する

110番通報

匿名で通報する

通報を受ける

通報義務

内部通報

虚偽の通報

自動通報装置

通報が相次ぐ

通報を躊躇う

عبارات رایج

通報が入る

— A report comes in to the authorities.

指令室に110番通報が入った。

通報を促す

— To encourage or urge people to report.

警察は不審者情報の通報を促している。

通報を握りつぶす

— To suppress or ignore a report (often used in corruption contexts).

上層部が通報を握りつぶした。

通報窓口

— A reporting desk or hotline.

ハラスメントの通報窓口を設置する。

通報者

— The person who makes the report.

通報者の身元は明かされない。

緊急通報

— An emergency report/alert.

スマホの緊急通報機能を使う。

事後通報

— Reporting after the fact.

事後通報では対応が遅れる。

一斉通報

— Simultaneous notification/alert to many parties.

全社員に緊急事態を一斉通報した。

通報メール

— A reporting email or alert email.

異常を知らせる通報メールが届いた。

通報制度

— A reporting system/regime.

新しい通報制度が導入された。

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

通報 vs 報告 (hōkoku)

Hōkoku is for work/status reports; Tsūhō is for authorities/emergencies.

通報 vs 通知 (tsūchi)

Tsūchi is a notice sent TO you; Tsūhō is a report sent BY you.

通報 vs 連絡 (renraku)

Renraku is general contact; Tsūhō is formal/urgent reporting.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"通報の山"

— A huge number of reports received.

その事件については通報の山だ。

Metaphorical

"通報一番"

— Being the very first to report.

彼は通報一番で現場を知らせた。

Colloquial

"通報の網"

— A network of reporting/surveillance.

市民の通報の網から逃げることはできない。

Literary

"通報の盾"

— Using reporting as a way to protect oneself or others.

彼は通報の盾を使って不正を暴いた。

Metaphorical

"通報の矢面"

— Being the target of many reports.

そのサイトは通報の矢面に立たされている。

Literary

"通報の声"

— The collective reports/outcry from the public.

住民からの通報の声が届いた。

Neutral

"通報の手を緩めない"

— To not stop reporting until action is taken.

市民は通報の手を緩めなかった。

Emphatic

"通報の義務を果たす"

— To fulfill one's legal or moral duty to report.

彼は迷わず通報の義務を果たした。

Formal

"通報の火蓋を切る"

— To start a series of reports or an investigation via a report.

彼の通報が捜査の火蓋を切った。

Dramatic

"通報の嵐"

— A storm (overwhelming amount) of reports.

不適切な発言に、通報の嵐が巻き起こった。

Colloquial

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

通報 vs 申告 (shinkoku)

Both involve reporting to an office.

Shinkoku is for declaring taxes or customs; Tsūhō is for incidents or crimes.

税金を申告する vs 泥棒を通報する。

通報 vs 告発 (kokuhatsu)

Both involve reporting crimes.

Kokuhatsu is a formal legal action for prosecution; Tsūhō is the initial alert/call.

検察に告発する vs 110番に通報する。

通報 vs 届け出 (todokede)

Both involve notifying authorities.

Todokede is for administrative procedures (marriage, address); Tsūhō is for emergencies/crimes.

住所変更を届け出る vs 事故を通報する。

通報 vs 密告 (mikkoku)

Both involve informing on someone.

Mikkoku is negative/sneaky (snitching); Tsūhō is neutral/civic duty.

スパイを密告する vs 不審者を通報する。

通報 vs 警告 (keikoku)

Both involve alerting.

Keikoku is a warning TO someone; Tsūhō is a report ABOUT something.

警察が警告する vs 市民が通報する。

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

[Authority] に通報します。

警察に通報します。

[Incident] を通報しました。

火事を通報しました。

[Person] からの通報で [Event]。

住民からの通報で警察が来ました。

[Person] は [Authority] に通報された。

彼は警察に通報された。

[Reason] により通報義務が生じる。

虐待の疑いにより通報義務が生じる。

匿名での通報が可能です。

通報の信憑性を検討する。

通報制度の形骸化が懸念される。

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

通報者 (informant)

通報制度 (reporting system)

通報義務 (duty to report)

فعل‌ها

通報する (to report)

通報される (to be reported)

مرتبط

報告 (report)

連絡 (contact)

相談 (consultation)

警告 (warning)

告知 (notice)

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

High in news, medium in daily life, low in casual social conversation (unless joking).

اشتباهات رایج

Using 通報 for reporting to a boss. → 報告 (hōkoku)
Tsūhō is only for authorities or violations.
Saying 警察を通報する when you mean 'report TO the police'. → 警察に通報する
The particle 'ni' indicates the recipient of the report.
Pronouncing it as 'tsuho' (short vowels). → tsūhō (long vowels)
Long vowels are crucial for meaning in Japanese.
Using 通報 for a lost item report. → 遺失届 (ishitsu-todoke) or 届け出
Tsūhō implies an incident or crime, while todokede is administrative.
Confusing 通報 with 通知 (tsūchi). → 通報 (tsūhō)
Tsūhō is your report to an office; Tsūchi is an office's notice to you.

نکات

Authority Only

Always remember that 'tsūhō' is for authorities. Don't use it for your friends or family unless you are being dramatic or joking.

Particle Choice

Use 'ni' for the agency (Police ni) and 'o' for the event (Fire o). This is the most natural way to structure the sentence.

110 and 119

In Japan, 110 is for police and 119 is for fire/ambulance. Both acts are described as 'tsūhō'.

Reporting Posts

If you see the word '通報' on a Japanese website, it's the button you press to report a user or a post.

Whistleblowing

The word for whistleblowing is 'naibu-tsūhō'. It's a key term in Japanese corporate governance.

Calling 110

When you call 110, the operator will ask 'Jiken desu ka, jiko desu ka?' (Is it a crime or an accident?). Your answer is part of the 'tsūhō'.

Long Vowels

Make sure to stretch the 'u' and the 'o'. 'Tsuuu-hooo'. Shortening them makes it harder for natives to understand.

Kanji Meaning

The first kanji 'tsū' means to pass through. The second 'hō' means to report. It's 'passing information through to the top'.

Don't confuse with Hōkoku

Hōkoku = Boss/Work. Tsūhō = Police/Emergency. This is the most important distinction for learners.

News Phrasing

Listen for 'tsūhō ga atta' (there was a report) in news broadcasts to know how an incident was discovered.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of 'TSU' as 'Two' and 'HO' as 'Hotlines' (110 and 119). You call these two hotlines to make a report.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a person pointing at a fire and holding a phone. The word '通報' is written on the screen of the phone.

شبکه واژگان

Police 110 Fire 119 Crime Accident Emergency Authority

چالش

Try to say 'I will report the fire to the fire department' in Japanese: 'Shōbōsho ni kaji o tsūhō shimasu.'

ریشه کلمه

Derived from Middle Chinese roots. '通' (tsū) means to pass through, communicate, or commute. '報' (hō) means to report, reward, or news.

معنای اصلی: To communicate news or information through a channel.

Sino-Japanese (Kango).

بافت فرهنگی

Be careful using this word casually; it implies a crime or serious trouble. Don't use it for 'tattling' on small things.

Equivalent to 'reporting to the authorities' or 'calling 911/999.'

Detective Conan (frequent use during crime scenes) Police 24 Hours (TV documentaries) Shin-chan (occasional humorous use)

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Crime Scene

警察に通報する
犯人を通報する
110番する
目撃情報を伝える

Fire/Medical

消防に通報する
救急車を呼ぶ
119番する
住所を通報する

Social Media

不適切な投稿を通報する
アカウントを通報する
スパム報告
運営に知らせる

Corporate/Legal

内部通報窓口
不正を通報する
通報者を守る
通報義務がある

Daily Life

不審者を通報する
騒音を通報する
管理会社に通報する
落とし物を通報する

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"もし泥棒を見つけたら、すぐに通報しますか？ (If you saw a thief, would you report them immediately?)"

"日本で110番通報をしたことがありますか？ (Have you ever dialed 110 in Japan?)"

"SNSで不適切な広告を通報したことはありますか？ (Have you ever reported an inappropriate ad on social media?)"

"通報義務についてどう思いますか？ (What do you think about the duty to report?)"

"通報者のプライバシーは守られるべきだと思いますか？ (Do you think the privacy of informants should be protected?)"

موضوعات نگارش

今日、ニュースでどんな通報の話題がありましたか？ (What reporting-related news did you hear today?)

もし自分が事件を目撃したら、どのように通報するか書いてください。 (Write about how you would report an incident if you witnessed one.)

「通報」と「報告」の違いについて、自分の言葉で説明してください。 (Explain the difference between 'tsūhō' and 'hōkoku' in your own words.)

匿名での通報は社会にとって良いことだと思いますか？ (Do you think anonymous reporting is good for society?)

将来、AIが自動的に警察に通報するシステムについてどう思いますか？ (What are your thoughts on systems where AI automatically reports to the police in the future?)

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Usually, you use 'todokede' (lost property report) for lost items. 'Tsūhō' is more for crimes in progress or emergencies. However, telling the police about it is the first step.

No, it is also used for the fire department (119), child guidance centers, or reporting violations on social media and at work (whistleblowing).

110-ban is the phone number itself. 'Tsūhō' is the noun for the act of reporting. You 'tsūhō' by calling '110-ban'.

Yes, on the internet, people say 'tsūhō' when someone posts something weird, similar to saying 'I'm calling the FBI' as a meme.

Both are correct. 'Tsūhō suru' is more common as a verb, while 'tsūhō o suru' emphasizes the noun 'report'.

Not necessarily. A 'tsūhō' can be anonymous (tokumei) or you can provide your name. The word itself doesn't specify.

Only in the context of 'internal reporting' (naibu-tsūhō) regarding illegal acts or harassment. Otherwise, use 'hōkoku'.

It is called 'kyogi-tsūhō' (虚偽通報). This is a serious matter and can be a crime.

It is 'tsūhō-gimu' (通報義務). This applies to teachers, doctors, and others in specific situations.

Yes, it is extremely common in news reports, police dramas, and any discussion about public safety.

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