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Polite Imperatives

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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Use the -ңыз/-ңіз suffix to turn a verb into a polite request or command for elders and strangers.

  • Add -ңыз after consonants (e.g., кел -> келіңіз).
  • Add -ңыз after vowels (e.g., оқы -> оқыңыз).
  • Use the negative -маңыз/-меңіз for polite prohibitions (e.g., айтпаңыз).
Verb Stem + (ңыз/ңіз/ңыз/ңіз) = Polite Imperative

Meanings

The polite imperative is used to give instructions, make requests, or offer invitations to people you do not know well or who are senior to you.

1

Polite Request

Asking someone to perform an action.

“Кіріңіз.”

“Су ішіңіз.”

2

Formal Invitation

Inviting someone to an event or location.

“Бізбен бірге жүріңіз.”

“Үйге келіңіз.”

3

Polite Prohibition

Asking someone politely not to do something.

“Асықпаңыз.”

“Мазаламаңыз.”

Polite Imperative Conjugation

Verb Stem Vowel Type Suffix Result
Оқы Back -ңыз Оқыңыз
Кел Front -ңіз Келіңіз
Жаз Back -ңыз Жазыңыз
Бер Front -ңіз Беріңіз
Айт Back -ңыз Айтыңыз
Кір Front -ңіз Кіріңіз

Reference Table

Reference table for Polite Imperatives
Form Structure Example
Affirmative Stem + ңыз/ңіз Келіңіз
Negative Stem + ма/ме + ңыз/ңіз Келмеңіз
Plural Stem + ңыздар/ңіздер Келіңіздер
Interrogative Stem + ңыз ба/ңіз бе? Келіңіз бе?
Polite Request Stem + ңыз + шы Келіңізші

طیف رسمیت

رسمی
Отырыңыз

Отырыңыз (Hospitality)

خنثی
Отырыңыз

Отырыңыз (Hospitality)

غیر رسمی
Отыр

Отыр (Hospitality)

عامیانه
Отыршы

Отыршы (Hospitality)

Polite Imperative Usage

Polite Imperative

Context

  • Elders Respect
  • Strangers Politeness

Functions

  • Request Ask
  • Invite Welcome
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Examples by Level

1

Келіңіз.

Please come.

2

Отырыңыз.

Please sit.

3

Су ішіңіз.

Please drink water.

4

Айтыңыз.

Please tell me.

1

Асықпаңыз, уақыт бар.

Don't rush, there is time.

2

Бұл жерге жазыңыз.

Please write here.

3

Маған көмектесіңіз.

Please help me.

4

Есікті жаппаңыз.

Please don't close the door.

1

Келесі аялдамада түсіңіз.

Please get off at the next stop.

2

Құжаттарыңызды көрсетіңіз.

Please show your documents.

3

Бізбен бірге жүріңіз.

Please come with us.

4

Сұрағыңызды қойыңыз.

Please ask your question.

1

Бұл ұсынысты қарастырыңыз.

Please consider this proposal.

2

Кешірім сұрамаңыз, бәрі жақсы.

Please don't apologize, everything is fine.

3

Мәселені тез шешіңіз.

Please solve the problem quickly.

4

Пікіріңізді білдіріңіз.

Please express your opinion.

1

Осы мәселеге назар аударыңыз.

Please pay attention to this issue.

2

Талаптарды орындаңыз.

Please fulfill the requirements.

3

Келісімшартқа қол қойыңыз.

Please sign the contract.

4

Қателіктерді түзеңіз.

Please correct the mistakes.

1

Осы мәселе бойынша шешім қабылдаңыз.

Please make a decision regarding this matter.

2

Өтінішіңізді ресми түрде жолдаңыз.

Please submit your request formally.

3

Қауіпсіздік ережелерін сақтаңыз.

Please observe the safety regulations.

4

Түсіністікпен қараңыз.

Please view this with understanding.

Easily Confused

Polite Imperatives در مقابل Informal vs Polite

Learners often use the informal form with elders.

Polite Imperatives در مقابل Present Tense vs Imperative

They look similar in some forms.

Polite Imperatives در مقابل Plural vs Singular Polite

Using -ңіздер for one person.

اشتباهات رایج

✗

Кел!

✓

Келіңіз!

Too informal for strangers.
✗

Отырңыз

✓

Отырыңыз

Vowel harmony error.
✗

Жоқ, айтпа

✓

Жоқ, айтпаңыз

Missing polite negative.
✗

Кел-ңыз

✓

Келіңіз

Incorrect suffix choice.
✗

Келіңдер

✓

Келіңіздер

Mixing formal and plural.
✗

Айтмаңыз

✓

Айтпаңыз

Phonetic error.
✗

Кір

✓

Кіріңіз

Using informal with a boss.
✗

Келіңізші

✓

Келіңіз

Adding -ші is okay, but sometimes redundant.
✗

Оқыңыз ба?

✓

Оқыңыз.

Imperative is not a question.
✗

Келме

✓

Келмеңіз

Informal negative.
✗

Келіңіздер

✓

Келіңіз

Using plural for a single person.
✗

Отырыңызшы

✓

Отырыңыз

Over-softening in formal writing.
✗

Айтпаңыз ба

✓

Айтпаңыз

Incorrect interrogative usage.

Sentence Patterns

Маған ___ беріңіз.

Бұл жерге ___.

___ асықпаңыз.

Өтінемін, ___.

Real World Usage

Shop very common

Мынаны көрсетіңіз.

Texting common

Келіңізші.

Job Interview constant

Отырыңыз.

Travel common

Билетті беріңіз.

Food Delivery occasional

Есікті ашыңыз.

Hospitality very common

Шай ішіңіз.

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💡

Vowel Harmony Check

Always check the last vowel of the stem. If it's back, use ңыз.
⚠️

Avoid Informal

Never use the base verb form with strangers.
🎯

Add -ші

Adding -ші makes it sound even softer and more polite.
💬

Hospitality First

Use the polite imperative to welcome guests.

Smart Tips

Add -ші to the end to sound extra polite.

Көмектесіңіз. → Көмектесіңізші.

Don't forget the -дер suffix.

Келіңіз (to a group). → Келіңіздер (to a group).

Always put the negative marker before the suffix.

Келіңіз емес. → Келмеңіз.

Use the polite form even if you know them.

Кел, ата. → Келіңіз, ата.

تلفظ

o-qy-nyz vs ke-li-niz

Vowel Harmony

Ensure the suffix vowels match the stem vowels.

Falling

Келіңіз↘

Standard polite command.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'ңыз' as 'N-Z' for 'Nice and Zealous' respect.

Visual Association

Imagine bowing slightly while handing a gift to an elder. The suffix -ңыз is the verbal bow.

Rhyme

For elders and guests, add ңыз or ңіз, to make your request with perfect ease.

Story

A traveler arrives in a village. He meets an elder. He doesn't say 'Come here', he says 'Келіңіз' (Please come). The elder smiles because the traveler knows the rules of respect.

Word Web

КеліңізОтырыңызАйтыңызКөмектесіңізЖазыңызІшіңіз

چالش

For the next 5 minutes, imagine you are a waiter. Practice saying 'Please eat', 'Please sit', and 'Please drink' using the polite form.

نکات فرهنگی

Hospitality is central. Using the polite imperative is a way to honor the guest.

Similar honorific systems exist in Kyrgyz and Uzbek.

In business, it is the standard for all communication.

The polite imperative evolved from the honorific system of Turkic languages.

Conversation Starters

“

Маған көмектесіңізші?

“

Бұл жерге отырыңыз.

“

Келесі аптада келіңіз.

“

Осы құжатты оқыңыз.

Journal Prompts

Write 5 polite requests you would make at a restaurant.
Write a short note to a teacher asking for help.
Describe how you would welcome a guest to your home.
Write a formal email requesting a meeting.
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Test Yourself

Fill in the correct suffix.

Оқы___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Оқы has back vowels.
Which is polite? چند گزینه‌ای

Which is polite?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: b
Келіңіз is the polite form.
Fix the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Келңыз.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Correct vowel harmony.
Make it polite. Sentence Transformation

Айт (informal) -> ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Polite imperative suffix.
Match the verb to its polite form. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Correct conjugation.
Conjugate 'Іш'. Conjugation Drill

Іш -> ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Correct suffix.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

Маған / беріңіз / су.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Correct word order.
Is this true? True False Rule

The polite imperative is used for friends.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: b
It is for elders/strangers.

Score: /8

تمرین‌های عملی

8 exercises
Fill in the correct suffix.

Оқы___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Оқы has back vowels.
Which is polite? چند گزینه‌ای

Which is polite?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: b
Келіңіз is the polite form.
Fix the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Келңыз.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Correct vowel harmony.
Make it polite. Sentence Transformation

Айт (informal) -> ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Polite imperative suffix.
Match the verb to its polite form. Match Pairs

Жаз -> ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Correct conjugation.
Conjugate 'Іш'. Conjugation Drill

Іш -> ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Correct suffix.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

Маған / беріңіз / су.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Correct word order.
Is this true? True False Rule

The polite imperative is used for friends.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: b
It is for elders/strangers.

Score: /8

سوالات متداول (8)

No, it sounds too formal.

Add -ма/-ме before the suffix.

Use -ңыздар/-ңіздер.

Yes, with elders.

No, it's gender-neutral.

Yes, it's standard.

-шы softens the request.

Yes, it's the standard.

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In Other Languages

Spanish high

Usted command

Spanish changes the verb ending; Kazakh adds a suffix.

French high

Vous imperative

French uses a pronoun; Kazakh uses a suffix.

German high

Sie imperative

German relies on the pronoun 'Sie'.

Japanese moderate

Te-form + kudasai

Japanese uses a separate word; Kazakh is agglutinative.

Arabic moderate

Formal imperative

Arabic is inflectional; Kazakh is agglutinative.

Chinese low

Qing + verb

Chinese is analytic; Kazakh is agglutinative.

Previous
Imperative Forms
Next
Prohibitive (-ma)

Related Grammar Rules

B2

Formal Tone
A1

Formal Introductions
B1

Honorific Pronouns
B1

Honorific Verbs
B1

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