A1 Negation 1 min read آسان

Negation with 'Bo'

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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

To make a sentence negative in Lao, simply place the particle 'ບໍ່' (bo) directly before the verb or adjective.

  • Place 'ບໍ່' before the verb: 'ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ກິນ' (I do not eat).
  • Place 'ບໍ່' before adjectives: 'ບໍ່ດີ' (not good).
  • The particle 'ບໍ່' is pronounced with a low tone, often written as 'bo' in romanization.
Subject + ບໍ່ (bo) + Verb/Adjective

Meanings

The particle 'ບໍ່' (bo) is the standard way to negate verbs, adjectives, and existence in Lao.

1

Verb negation

Negating an action.

“ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ຮັກ”

“ລາວບໍ່ມາ”

2

Adjective negation

Negating a quality.

“ບໍ່ດີ”

“ບໍ່ສວຍ”

3

Existence negation

Negating presence or possession.

“ບໍ່ມີ”

“ບໍ່ແມ່ນ”

Negation Structure

Subject Negation Verb/Adjective Example
ຂ້ອຍ ບໍ່ ກິນ ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ກິນ
ລາວ ບໍ່ ໄປ ລາວບໍ່ໄປ
ມັນ ບໍ່ ດີ ມັນບໍ່ດີ
ເຮົາ ບໍ່ ຮັກ ເຮົາບໍ່ຮັກ
ເຈົ້າ ບໍ່ ຮູ້ ເຈົ້າບໍ່ຮູ້
ພວກເຂົາ ບໍ່ ມາ ພວກເຂົາບໍ່ມາ

Reference Table

Reference table for Negation with 'Bo'
Form Structure Example
Affirmative Subject + Verb ຂ້ອຍໄປ
Negative Subject + ບໍ່ + Verb ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ໄປ
Question Subject + Verb + ບໍ່? ເຈົ້າໄປບໍ່?
Adjective Negation Subject + ບໍ່ + Adj ມັນບໍ່ດີ
Existence ບໍ່ + ມີ ບໍ່ມີເງິນ
Past Negative ບໍ່ + ໄດ້ + Verb ບໍ່ໄດ້ໄປ

طیف رسمیت

رسمی
ຂ້າພະເຈົ້າບໍ່ຊາບ

ຂ້າພະເຈົ້າບໍ່ຊາບ (General)

خنثی
ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ຮູ້

ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ຮູ້ (General)

غیر رسمی
ບໍ່ຮູ້

ບໍ່ຮູ້ (General)

عامیانه
ບໍ່ຮຸ້

ບໍ່ຮຸ້ (General)

Negation Concept Map

ບໍ່ (Bo)

Verbs

  • ບໍ່ກິນ not eat

Adjectives

  • ບໍ່ດີ not good

Existence

  • ບໍ່ມີ not have
برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ກິນ

I do not eat

2

ລາວບໍ່ໄປ

He/She does not go

3

ມັນບໍ່ດີ

It is not good

4

ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ຮັກ

I do not love

1

ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ມີເງິນ

I do not have money

2

ມື້ນີ້ບໍ່ຮ້ອນ

Today is not hot

3

ລາວບໍ່ແມ່ນຄົນລາວ

He is not Lao

4

ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ຮູ້

I do not know

1

ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ຢາກໄປໂຮງຮຽນ

I do not want to go to school

2

ອາຫານນີ້ບໍ່ແຊບປານໃດ

This food is not very tasty

3

ລາວບໍ່ໄດ້ມາເມື່ອວານນີ້

He did not come yesterday

4

ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ຄິດວ່າລາວຈະມາ

I do not think he will come

1

ມັນບໍ່ແມ່ນເລື່ອງງ່າຍທີ່ຈະຮຽນພາສາລາວ

It is not an easy matter to learn Lao

2

ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ເຄີຍໄປປະເທດໄທ

I have never been to Thailand

3

ລາວບໍ່ຄວນເຮັດແບບນັ້ນ

He should not do that

4

ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ສາມາດຊ່ວຍເຈົ້າໄດ້

I cannot help you

1

ບໍ່ມີໃຜຮູ້ຄວາມຈິງ

No one knows the truth

2

ລາວບໍ່ໄດ້ສະແດງຄວາມຄິດເຫັນ

He did not express an opinion

3

ມັນບໍ່ໄດ້ໝາຍຄວາມວ່າເຈົ້າຜິດ

It does not mean you are wrong

4

ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ໄດ້ຕັ້ງໃຈຈະເຮັດໃຫ້ເຈົ້າເສຍໃຈ

I did not intend to hurt your feelings

1

ບໍ່ວ່າຈະເກີດຫຍັງຂຶ້ນ ຂ້ອຍກໍຈະຢູ່ກັບເຈົ້າ

No matter what happens, I will be with you

2

ລາວບໍ່ໄດ້ມີເຈດຕະນາບໍ່ດີ

He did not have bad intentions

3

ບໍ່ມີທາງທີ່ລາວຈະເຮັດແບບນັ້ນ

There is no way he would do that

4

ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ໄດ້ຄາດຫວັງວ່າຈະໄດ້ຮັບການຕອບຮັບ

I did not expect to receive a response

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

Negation with 'Bo' در مقابل Negation 'ບໍ່' vs Question 'ບໍ່'

They are spelled the same.

Negation with 'Bo' در مقابل ບໍ່ (bo) vs ບໍ່ໄດ້ (bo dai)

Both negate.

Negation with 'Bo' در مقابل ບໍ່ (bo) vs ບໍ່ແມ່ນ (bo maen)

Both negate.

اشتباهات رایج

✗

ກິນບໍ່

✓

ບໍ່ກິນ

Negation must come before the verb.
✗

ບໍ່ໝາ

✓

ບໍ່ແມ່ນໝາ

Cannot negate nouns directly.
✗

ຂ້ອຍບໍ່

✓

ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ກິນ

Need a verb after the negation.
✗

ບໍ່ດີຂ້ອຍ

✓

ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ດີ

Word order is wrong.
✗

ບໍ່ມີເງິນຂ້ອຍ

✓

ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ມີເງິນ

Subject should be first.
✗

ບໍ່ໄດ້ໄປ

✓

ບໍ່ໄປ

Using past marker incorrectly.
✗

ບໍ່ແມ່ນດີ

✓

ບໍ່ດີ

Redundant 'to be'.
✗

ບໍ່ຢາກບໍ່ໄປ

✓

ບໍ່ຢາກໄປ

Double negation error.
✗

ບໍ່ເຄີຍບໍ່ໄປ

✓

ບໍ່ເຄີຍໄປ

Incorrect usage of 'never'.
✗

ບໍ່ແມ່ນໄປ

✓

ບໍ່ໄປ

Using 'is not' for action.
✗

ບໍ່ວ່າບໍ່ໄປ

✓

ບໍ່ວ່າຈະໄປ

Complex clause error.
✗

ບໍ່ໄດ້ບໍ່ຮູ້

✓

ບໍ່ຮູ້

Redundant negation.
✗

ບໍ່ມີບໍ່ໄດ້

✓

ບໍ່ມີ

Incorrect existential negation.

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

ຂ້ອຍ___ກິນ

ມັນ___ດີ

ຂ້ອຍ___ມີເງິນ

ລາວ___ໄດ້ມາ

Real World Usage

Texting constant

ບໍ່ຮູ້

Ordering food very common

ບໍ່ໃສ່ຜັກ

Job interview common

ຂ້າພະເຈົ້າບໍ່ມີປະສົບການ

Travel common

ບໍ່ເຂົ້າໃຈ

Social media common

ບໍ່ມັກ

Formal speech occasional

ບໍ່ເໝາະສົມ

برای دیدن همه مثال‌ها رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید
💡

Placement

Always put 'ບໍ່' before the verb.
⚠️

Homophones

Don't confuse negation 'bo' with question 'bo'.
🎯

Tone

Use a low tone for 'ບໍ່'.
💬

Softening

Use 'ບໍ່' with a smile to be polite.

Smart Tips

Place 'ບໍ່' immediately before the action word.

ຂ້ອຍກິນ → ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ກິນ

Place 'ບໍ່' before the adjective.

ມັນດີ → ມັນບໍ່ດີ

Use 'ບໍ່ມີ' to say you don't have something.

ຂ້ອຍມີເງິນ → ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ມີເງິນ

Use 'ບໍ່ໄດ້' before the verb.

ຂ້ອຍໄປ → ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ໄດ້ໄປ

تلفظ

bo (low pitch)

Low tone

The particle 'ບໍ່' has a low tone.

Flat

ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ກິນ ➔

Neutral statement

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Bo is the 'No' button. Press it before the verb to stop the action.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a big red 'STOP' sign with the word 'ບໍ່' on it, placed right in front of a person running.

Rhyme

Before the verb, put the 'bo', to say 'no' and make it go.

Story

I wanted to eat, but the food was bad. I said 'Bo kin' (don't eat). The food was 'Bo di' (not good). I had 'Bo mi' (no) money to buy more.

شبکه واژگان

ບໍ່ບໍ່ກິນບໍ່ໄປບໍ່ດີບໍ່ມີບໍ່ຮູ້

چالش

Write 5 sentences about things you don't like using 'ບໍ່'.

نکات فرهنگی

Lao people often use 'ບໍ່' with a smile to soften the refusal.

The particle 'ບໍ່' is a common Tai-Kadai negation marker.

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

“

ເຈົ້າຫິວບໍ່?

“

ເຈົ້າໄປຕະຫຼາດບໍ່?

“

ເຈົ້າຮູ້ຈັກລາວບໍ່?

“

ເຈົ້າມັກອາຫານນີ້ບໍ່?

موضوعات نگارش

Write 3 things you don't like.
Write about a place you have never been.
Write about a mistake you didn't mean to make.
Write about something you don't understand.
Sign up free to see all tips

Test Yourself

Fill in the blank.

ຂ້ອຍ___ກິນ.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ບໍ່
Negation comes before the verb.
Choose the correct sentence. چند گزینه‌ای

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ກິນ
Subject-Negation-Verb order.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

ລາວໄປບໍ່.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ລາວບໍ່ໄປ
Negation must be before the verb.
Make negative. Sentence Transformation

ຂ້ອຍຮັກເຈົ້າ.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ຮັກເຈົ້າ
Place 'ບໍ່' before 'ຮັກ'.
Match the meaning. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Not good
ບໍ່ດີ means not good.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: ເຈົ້າຫິວບໍ່? B: ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ບໍ່ຫິວ
Full negative answer.
Build the sentence. Sentence Building

ຂ້ອຍ / ບໍ່ / ໄປ.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ໄປ
Correct order.
Choose the negative. چند گزینه‌ای

Negate 'ມີເງິນ'.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ບໍ່ມີເງິນ
Negation before 'ມີ'.

Score: /8

تمرین‌های عملی

8 exercises
Fill in the blank.

ຂ້ອຍ___ກິນ.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ບໍ່
Negation comes before the verb.
Choose the correct sentence. چند گزینه‌ای

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ກິນ
Subject-Negation-Verb order.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

ລາວໄປບໍ່.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ລາວບໍ່ໄປ
Negation must be before the verb.
Make negative. Sentence Transformation

ຂ້ອຍຮັກເຈົ້າ.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ຮັກເຈົ້າ
Place 'ບໍ່' before 'ຮັກ'.
Match the meaning. Match Pairs

Match 'ບໍ່ດີ'.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Not good
ບໍ່ດີ means not good.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: ເຈົ້າຫິວບໍ່? B: ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ບໍ່ຫິວ
Full negative answer.
Build the sentence. Sentence Building

ຂ້ອຍ / ບໍ່ / ໄປ.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ໄປ
Correct order.
Choose the negative. چند گزینه‌ای

Negate 'ມີເງິນ'.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ບໍ່ມີເງິນ
Negation before 'ມີ'.

Score: /8

سوالات متداول (8)

Yes, it is the standard negation for verbs and adjectives.

Yes, but it is a particle, not a standalone word in most cases.

Always before the verb or adjective.

Use 'ບໍ່ໄດ້' before the verb.

It is neutral and used in all registers.

That is the question particle, not the negation particle.

Use 'ບໍ່ມີ'.

No, you need a verb like 'ແມ່ນ' (to be).

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

برای تمرین رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

In Other Languages

Spanish high

no

Spanish 'no' is more flexible in placement.

French low

ne...pas

Lao is a single particle.

German moderate

nicht

Lao 'bo' is strictly pre-verbal.

Japanese partial

nai

Lao uses a separate particle.

Arabic moderate

la/lam

Lao uses one particle for all.

Chinese high

bu

Chinese 'bu' has tone changes.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Next
Negation with 'Baw'

Related Grammar Rules

A1

Negation with 'Baw'
A1

Negative Imperatives
A1

Double Negation
A2

Negative Past Tense
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