§ What does it mean and when do people use it?
Alright, let's get straight to it. Today we're looking at the Uzbek word 'deraza'. It's a fundamental word, meaning you'll hear it and use it a lot. If you're an English speaker learning Uzbek, this is definitely one to add to your basic vocabulary list. Think of it as the Uzbek equivalent of 'window'. Simple, right?
- DEFINITION
- Deraza (noun) - Window
So, when do people use 'deraza'? Just like in English, you use it whenever you're talking about a window. This could be a window in your house, in a car, in a shop, or anywhere else you might find a window. It's a very common everyday word.
Uyda katta bir deraza bor. (There is a big window in the house.)
Avtomobil derazasi tushirilgan. (The car window is lowered.)
You'll find yourself using 'deraza' in all sorts of contexts. For example, if you want to say 'open the window', you'd say 'derazani och'. If you want to say 'close the window', it's 'derazani yop'. Notice the '-ni' ending. This is a grammatical marker in Uzbek, called the accusative case, which shows that 'deraza' is the direct object of the verb. Don't worry too much about the grammatical terms for now, just try to observe how it's used.
Here are some other common situations where 'deraza' comes in handy:
- Talking about cleaning windows:
Men derazalarni tozalayapman. (I am cleaning the windows.)
- Describing the view from a window:
Derazadan go'zal manzarani ko'rdim. (I saw a beautiful view from the window.)
- Referring to different types of windows:
Yangi do'konda katta vitrina derazalari bor. (The new shop has big display windows.)
The word 'deraza' is pretty straightforward. It doesn't have a lot of tricky conjugations or irregular forms, which is good news for beginners. Just learn it as 'window' and you're mostly there. The main thing to remember is how it interacts with other words, especially verbs, which usually means adding those case endings we briefly touched on.
In summary, 'deraza' is a core vocabulary word in Uzbek. It means 'window' and is used in exactly the same way you'd use 'window' in English. Pay attention to how it changes slightly when it's the direct object of a verb (often with a '-ni' ending), and you'll be using it correctly in no time. Keep practicing these basic words, and your Uzbek will improve quickly.
نکته جالب
The word 'deraza' has been adopted into many Turkic languages, reflecting historical linguistic exchange.
مثالها بر اساس سطح
Ko'cha shovqini derazadan eshitilib, shaharning tinimsiz hayotini anglatadi.
The noise of the street, audible through the window, signifies the city's relentless life.
derazadan: from/through the window (ablative case)
Uning xayollari deraza ortidagi manzaraga sho'ng'ib, o'tmish xotiralarini jonlantirdi.
His thoughts, immersed in the view beyond the window, brought past memories to life.
deraza ortidagi: behind the window (possessive with locative)
Qishning sovuq havosida deraza oynalari muzlab, tashqi dunyoni tumanli qildi.
In the cold air of winter, the window panes froze, blurring the outside world.
deraza oynalari: window panes (compound noun)
Nur derazadan tushib, xonani iliq, oltin rangga bo'yadi, bu esa sokinlik bag'ishladi.
Light streamed through the window, painting the room in a warm, golden hue, imparting tranquility.
derazadan tushib: falling through the window (gerund)
U yomg'irning derazaga urilishini tinglar ekan, dunyoning o'ziga xos ritmini his qildi.
As he listened to the rain hitting the window, he felt the world's unique rhythm.
derazaga urilishini: its hitting the window (dative case with possessive)
Derazadan mo'ralab turgan oy nuri, tungi sukunatda sirli bir muhit yaratdi.
The moonlight peeking through the window created a mysterious atmosphere in the night's silence.
Derazadan mo'ralab turgan: peeking through the window (participle phrase)
Shaharning bepoyon qiyofasi derazadan ko'rinib, uning nafasini ichiga yutib yubordi.
The city's boundless facade visible from the window took his breath away.
derazadan ko'rinib: appearing from/through the window (gerund)
Ochiq deraza orqali kirgan bahor shamoli xonaga tozalik va yangilik olib kirdi.
The spring breeze entering through the open window brought freshness and novelty into the room.
Ochiq deraza orqali: through the open window (postposition 'orqali')
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
Remember, you *walk through* an eshik, but you *look out of* a deraza.
A deraza is *part of* a devor, not the devor itself.
While windows have oyna (glass), the entire unit is a deraza.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
"Derazadan qaramoq"
To look out the window
U derazadan qarab turardi.
neutral"Deraza ochmoq"
To open a window
Havo kirmayapti, deraza oching.
neutral"Deraza yopmoq"
To close a window
Sovuq tushdi, derazani yoping.
neutral"Deraza oldi"
Window sill / in front of the window
Gullar deraza oldida turibdi.
neutral"Derazadan ko'rinmoq"
To be visible from the window
Tog'lar derazadan ko'rinib turibdi.
neutral"Deraza orqali"
Through the window
Biz deraza orqali uning kelganini ko'rdik.
neutral"Deraza ta'mirlamoq"
To repair a window
Eski derazani ta'mirlash kerak.
neutral"Deraza ramkasi"
Window frame
Deraza ramkasi juda eski ekan.
neutral"Deraza oynasi"
Window glass
Deraza oynasi singan.
neutral"Derazadan tushmoq"
To fall out of a window (rare, often metaphorical)
U derazadan tushib qolganiga hayronman. (This is a bit dramatic, often used when something unexpected happens.)
informalبهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Often confused with 'deraza' (window) because both are openings in a wall. However, 'eshik' specifically refers to a door.
'Eshik' is for entering and exiting, 'deraza' is for light and air.
Eshikni oching. (Open the door.)
While 'deraza' is *in* a 'devor' (wall), they are not the same thing. Learners might incorrectly use them interchangeably.
'Devor' is the structure, 'deraza' is an opening in it.
Devor baland. (The wall is high.)
This word can mean 'mirror' or 'glass'. Since windows are made of glass, 'oyna' is sometimes used informally to refer to the window pane itself, but 'deraza' is the whole window unit.
'Deraza' is the window, 'oyna' is the glass or a mirror.
Oynaga qara. (Look in the mirror.) / Deraza oynasi. (Window pane.)
Completely unrelated to 'deraza' but sometimes confused by beginners due to similar sounds or being introduced together in basic vocabulary lists that include household items or building materials.
'Tosh' is a stone, 'deraza' is a window.
Katta tosh. (A big stone.)
Another word that sounds somewhat similar to 'deraza' for new learners. Both are common household items, leading to potential mix-ups in early vocabulary acquisition.
'Stol' is a table, 'deraza' is a window.
Stol ustida kitob bor. (There is a book on the table.)
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
صفتها
ریشه کلمه
Persian
معنای اصلی: window
Indo-Europeanبافت فرهنگی
Windows are essential in Uzbek homes, often adorned with traditional curtains or patterns. In older architecture, windows might feature intricate wooden latticework, known as 'panjara', which provides shade and privacy. Modern Uzbek homes feature contemporary window styles, but the emphasis on light and fresh air remains.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Describing a room or house
- Xonada katta deraza bor. (There is a big window in the room.)
- Uning uyi derazalari kichik. (His/Her house windows are small.)
- Derazadan tashqariga qarang. (Look outside the window.)
Talking about the weather or view from a window
- Derazadan qor yog'ayotganini ko'ryapman. (I see it's snowing from the window.)
- Derazadan chiroyli manzarani ko'rish mumkin. (You can see a beautiful view from the window.)
- Deraza ochiq edi, shuning uchun sovuq havo kirdi. (The window was open, so cold air came in.)
Instructions related to windows
- Derazani oching. (Open the window.)
- Derazani yoping. (Close the window.)
- Derazalarni tozalang. (Clean the windows.)
Discussion about security or privacy
- Derazalarda panjara bor. (There are bars on the windows.)
- Derazaga parda osildi. (Curtains were hung on the window.)
- Derazalarni qulflang. (Lock the windows.)
Figurative use (less common at A1, but good to know)
- Bu deraza dunyoga ochiladi. (This window opens to the world. - figurative)
- U derazadan hayotga qaraydi. (He/She looks at life from the window. - figurative)
- Yangi imkoniyatlar derazasi ochildi. (A window of new opportunities opened. - figurative)
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"Sizning uyingizda nechta deraza bor?"
"Derazadan tashqarida nima ko'ryapsiz?"
"Xonangizning derazasi katta-mi yoki kichik-mi?"
"Odatda derazalarni ochiq qoldirasizmi yoki yopiq?"
"Derazalarni qachon tozalaysiz?"
موضوعات نگارش
Bugun derazadan ko'rgan eng qiziqarli narsani ta'riflang.
Agar sizning derazangiz biror joyga ochilsa, qaysi joy bo'lar edi va nima uchun?
Derazalar uyda qanday rol o'ynaydi deb o'ylaysiz?
Deraza haqidagi biror xotirangizni yozing.
Agar derazalar bo'lmaganda hayot qanday bo'lar edi?
خودت رو بسنج 42 سوال
Which of these is a 'window'?
The word for 'window' in Uzbek is 'deraza'.
Select the correct translation for 'window'.
'Deraza' means 'window' in Uzbek.
Which word describes an opening in a wall to let in light and air?
A 'deraza' is a window.
The word 'deraza' means 'door'.
'Deraza' means 'window', not 'door'. The word for 'door' is 'eshik'.
You can see outside through a 'deraza'.
A 'deraza' is a window, and you can see outside through a window.
The word 'deraza' is an English word.
'Deraza' is an Uzbek word, not an English word.
Write a short sentence using 'deraza' to say 'The window is open.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
Deraza ochiq.
Write a short sentence using 'deraza' to say 'Close the window.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
Derazani yoping.
Write a short sentence using 'deraza' to say 'Look at the window.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
Derazaga qarang.
Uyda nima ochiq?
این متن را بخوانید:
Bu uy. Uyda bir deraza bor. Deraza katta va ochiq.
Uyda nima ochiq?
The passage says 'Deraza katta va ochiq', meaning 'The window is big and open.'
The passage says 'Deraza katta va ochiq', meaning 'The window is big and open.'
Stol qayerda?
این متن را بخوانید:
Men xonada o'tiribman. Deraza yonida stol bor.
Stol qayerda?
The passage states 'Deraza yonida stol bor', meaning 'There is a table next to the window.'
The passage states 'Deraza yonida stol bor', meaning 'There is a table next to the window.'
Nima qilish kerak?
این متن را بخوانید:
Havo sovuq. Derazani yoping. Iltimos.
Nima qilish kerak?
The passage says 'Derazani yoping', which means 'Close the window.'
The passage says 'Derazani yoping', which means 'Close the window.'
Listen for 'deraza' and what action is being performed.
Listen for 'deraza' and its description.
Listen for 'deraza' and the direction of the action.
این را بلند بخوانید:
Derazani yoping.
تمرکز: De-ra-za-ni yo-ping
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
Men derazani ochmoqchiman.
تمرکز: Men de-ra-za-ni och-moq-chi-man
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
Derazadan nima ko'rinyapti?
تمرکز: De-ra-za-dan ni-ma ko'-rin-yap-ti
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Ochilgan ___dan toza havo kirdi.
The sentence means 'Fresh air came in from the open window.' 'Deraza' means window.
Xonaning ___idan tashqarini ko'rish mumkin edi.
The sentence means 'It was possible to see outside from the room's window.' 'Derazasidan' means 'from its window'.
U ___ni yopishni unutdi, shuning uchun sovuq bo'ldi.
The sentence means 'He forgot to close the window, so it became cold.' 'Derazani' means 'the window' (accusative case).
Quyosh nurlari ___dan to'g'ri xonaga tushdi.
The sentence means 'Sunlight fell directly into the room from the window.' 'Derazadan' means 'from the window'.
Bolalar ___ yonida o'ynashdi va tashqariga qarashdi.
The sentence means 'The children played near the window and looked outside.' 'Deraza' is in the locative sense 'near the window'.
Yangi uyimizda katta ___lar bor, shuning uchun juda yorug'.
The sentence means 'Our new house has big windows, so it is very bright.' 'Derazalar' is the plural of window.
Imagine you are describing your favorite room to a friend. How would you describe the windows in that room? Write a short paragraph in Uzbek, focusing on details about the 'deraza'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
Mening sevimli xonamda ikkita katta deraza bor. Ular har doim ochiq bo'ladi, shuning uchun xona juda yorug' va toza havo bilan to'la. Derazadan tashqariga qaraganda chiroyli bog' ko'rinadi.
You are writing a story where a character is looking out a 'deraza' at a stormy night. Describe what they see and how the 'deraza' itself is affected by the storm. Use at least two descriptive adjectives for 'deraza'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
Tungi osmon qop-qorong'u edi. Katta derazadan tashqarida shiddatli shamol esayotganini va yomg'ir urayotganini ko'rdim. Derazaning mustahkam oynalari shamolga bardosh berardi, ammo yomg'ir tomchilari ularni yuvib ketardi. Tashqaridan sovuq havo kirdi.
You are designing a new, energy-efficient house. Explain in Uzbek why the type and placement of 'derazalar' (windows) are important for saving energy. Include terms like 'izolyatsiya' (insulation) and 'quyosh nuri' (sunlight).
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
Yangi, energiya tejaydigan uy loyihasida derazalarning turi va joylashuvi juda muhim. Yaxshi izolyatsiyaga ega ikki qavatli derazalar issiqlikni saqlashga yordam beradi. Shuningdek, derazalarni janubga qarata joylashtirish quyosh nuridan maksimal darajada foydalanish va xonani tabiiy ravishda isitish imkonini beradi. Bu energiya sarfini sezilarli darajada kamaytiradi.
Nima uchun an'anaviy o'zbek uylarida derazalar kichikroq bo'lgan?
این متن را بخوانید:
O'zbekistonning an'anaviy uylarida derazalar odatda kichikroq bo'lgan va devorlarning yuqori qismiga joylashtirilgan. Buning asosiy sababi yozda uyni salqin saqlash va quyosh nurining to'g'ridan-to'g'ri tushishini kamaytirish edi. Hozirgi zamonaviy uylarda esa katta derazalar tobora ommalashib bormoqda, chunki ular ko'proq yorug'lik va havo aylanishini ta'minlaydi.
Nima uchun an'anaviy o'zbek uylarida derazalar kichikroq bo'lgan?
Matnda aytilishicha, 'Buning asosiy sababi yozda uyni salqin saqlash va quyosh nurining to'g'ridan-to'g'ri tushishini kamaytirish edi.'
Matnda aytilishicha, 'Buning asosiy sababi yozda uyni salqin saqlash va quyosh nurining to'g'ridan-to'g'ri tushishini kamaytirish edi.'
Shaharlardagi zamonaviy derazalarning asosiy afzalligi nima?
این متن را بخوانید:
Qishloq joylarda ko'plab eski uylarning derazalari yog'och ramkali bo'lib, ular vaqt o'tishi bilan eskirishi mumkin. Bu esa uyning issiqlik yo'qotishiga olib keladi. Shaharlarda esa plastik yoki alyuminiy ramkali derazalar keng tarqalgan bo'lib, ular yaxshi izolyatsiya xususiyatlariga ega va ko'pincha ikki yoki uch qavatli shishadan iborat.
Shaharlardagi zamonaviy derazalarning asosiy afzalligi nima?
Matnda aytilishicha, 'Shaharlarda esa plastik yoki alyuminiy ramkali derazalar keng tarqalgan bo'lib, ular yaxshi izolyatsiya xususiyatlariga ega'.
Matnda aytilishicha, 'Shaharlarda esa plastik yoki alyuminiy ramkali derazalar keng tarqalgan bo'lib, ular yaxshi izolyatsiya xususiyatlariga ega'.
Matnga ko'ra, tabiiy yorug'likka ega xonada yashashning qanday foydalari bor?
این متن را بخوانید:
Ertalabki quyosh nurlari derazadan xonaga tushganda, bu nafaqat xonani yoritadi, balki insonning kayfiyatini ham ko'taradi. Tadqiqotlar shuni ko'rsatadiki, tabiiy yorug'likka ega xonalarda yashash uyqu sifatini yaxshilaydi va stress darajasini kamaytiradi. Shu sababli, uy qurayotganda derazalarning o'lchami va yo'nalishi muhim ahamiyatga ega.
Matnga ko'ra, tabiiy yorug'likka ega xonada yashashning qanday foydalari bor?
Matnda aniq aytilishicha, 'Tabiiy yorug'likka ega xonalarda yashash uyqu sifatini yaxshilaydi va stress darajasini kamaytiradi.'
Matnda aniq aytilishicha, 'Tabiiy yorug'likka ega xonalarda yashash uyqu sifatini yaxshilaydi va stress darajasini kamaytiradi.'
This sentence means 'The door and window are open.' In Uzbek, the subject ('eshik va deraza' - door and window) comes first, followed by the adjective describing their state ('ochiq' - open), and then the verb ('turibdi' - stands/is).
This sentence means 'The city view is clearly visible from the window.' In Uzbek, the prepositional phrase ('derazadan' - from the window) often comes at the beginning, followed by the subject ('shaharning manzarasi' - the city's view), the adverb ('yaxshi' - well/clearly), and then the verb ('ko'rinadi' - is seen/visible).
This sentence means 'We need to install new windows, not old ones.' The phrase 'Eski emas, balki yangi' (Not old, but new) sets up the contrast. The object ('derazalarni' - windows) comes before the verb phrase ('o'rnatishimiz kerak' - we need to install).
Imagine you are an architect designing a modern building in Tashkent. Describe the design of the windows, considering both aesthetic and practical aspects. Use 'deraza' at least twice.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
Men Toshkentdagi zamonaviy bino uchun derazalarni loyihalashtirmoqdaman. Ushbu binoning derazalari katta va baland bo'lib, ular ko'proq tabiiy yorug'lik kirishini ta'minlaydi. Shuningdek, deraza oynalari energiya tejaydigan shishadan tayyorlangan bo'lib, bu bino ichidagi haroratni saqlashga yordam beradi. Har bir deraza ekologik toza materiallardan qilingan ramkaga ega bo'ladi.
You are writing a short story about a detective observing a suspect from a hidden vantage point. Describe what the detective sees through a window ('deraza') in the suspect's apartment, focusing on details that might reveal clues.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
Detektiv yashirin joydan shubhali odamning kvartirasidagi deraza orqali kuzatardi. Derazadan ichkarida tartibsiz uyumda turgan kitoblar va stol ustidagi eski xarita ko'rinardi. U odamning deraza yaqinida tinmay telefonida gaplashayotganini payqadi, uning yuzida bir zum tushunarsiz tashvish paydo bo'ldi. Har bir deraza orqali ko'ringan tafsilot muhim edi.
Write a short personal reflection on a memorable moment involving a window ('deraza'). It could be a view, a sound, or an emotion associated with looking through or being near a window.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
Esimda, bir qish kuni deraza yonida o'tirib, tashqarida qor yog'ishini kuzatganim. Katta deraza orqali ko'ringan oq dunyo menga g'alati bir tinchlik bag'ishlagandi. O'sha paytda deraza shunchaki tashqi dunyoga ochilgan teshik emas, balki men va o'tmish o'rtasidagi chegara edi. Bu xotira har safar deraza yonidan o'tganimda yodimga tushadi.
An'anaviy O'zbek uylaridagi derazalar nima maqsadda kichikroq bo'lgan?
این متن را بخوانید:
O'zbekistonning an'anaviy uy-joylarida derazalar odatda kichikroq bo'lib, ular yozgi jaziramadan himoya qilishga yordam bergan. Zamonaviy binolarda esa katta va panoramali derazalar tobora ommalashib bormoqda. Bu derazalar binolarga ko'proq yorug'lik kiritib, ichki makonni kengroq ko'rsatadi, ammo ularning energiya samaradorligi haqida ham o'ylash kerak. Toshkentda ko'plab yangi ofis binolarida shisha derazalar ustunlik qilmoqda.
An'anaviy O'zbek uylaridagi derazalar nima maqsadda kichikroq bo'lgan?
Matnda 'O'zbekistonning an'anaviy uy-joylarida derazalar odatda kichikroq bo'lib, ular yozgi jaziramadan himoya qilishga yordam bergan' deb aniq ko'rsatilgan.
Matnda 'O'zbekistonning an'anaviy uy-joylarida derazalar odatda kichikroq bo'lib, ular yozgi jaziramadan himoya qilishga yordam bergan' deb aniq ko'rsatilgan.
O'rta asr me'morchiligida deraza qanday qo'shimcha vazifani bajargan?
این متن را بخوانید:
San'atshunoslarning fikricha, o'rta asr me'morchiligida deraza nafaqat yorug'lik manbai, balki diniy ramz ham bo'lgan. Masjid va madrasalardagi deraza bezaklari ko'pincha murakkab geometrik shakllar va arab yozuvlari bilan bezatilgan. Bu bezaklar nafaqat estetik vazifani bajargan, balki o'sha davrning madaniy va diniy qadriyatlarini ham aks ettirgan. Bugungi kunda esa deraza asosan funksional element sifatida qabul qilinadi.
O'rta asr me'morchiligida deraza qanday qo'shimcha vazifani bajargan?
Matnda 'o'rta asr me'morchiligida deraza nafaqat yorug'lik manbai, balki diniy ramz ham bo'lgan' deb yozilgan.
Matnda 'o'rta asr me'morchiligida deraza nafaqat yorug'lik manbai, balki diniy ramz ham bo'lgan' deb yozilgan.
Qishloq joylaridagi eski uylarning yog'och derazalari ikki qatlamli oynaga ega bo'lishining sababi nima?
این متن را بخوانید:
Qishloq joylarida, ayniqsa eski uylarda, derazalar ko'pincha yog'ochdan yasalgan bo'lib, ular ikki qatlamli oynaga ega bo'lishi mumkin edi. Bu sovuq qish oylarida uy ichini iliq saqlashga yordam bergan. Ba'zi derazalarda hatto qo'lda ishlangan o'yma naqshlar ham bo'lgan, bu ularga o'ziga xos go'zallik bag'ishlagan. Shaharlarda esa metall-plastik derazalar keng tarqalgan, ular yuqori issiqlik va ovoz yalıtımına ega.
Qishloq joylaridagi eski uylarning yog'och derazalari ikki qatlamli oynaga ega bo'lishining sababi nima?
Matnda 'Bu sovuq qish oylarida uy ichini iliq saqlashga yordam bergan' deyilgan, bu ikki qatlamli oynaning asosiy sababini ko'rsatadi.
Matnda 'Bu sovuq qish oylarida uy ichini iliq saqlashga yordam bergan' deyilgan, bu ikki qatlamli oynaning asosiy sababini ko'rsatadi.
/ 42 درست
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