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B1 متوسط انگلیسی 13:32 Educational

What Is The Speed of Dark?

Vsauce · 24,848,309 بازدید · اضافه شده 2 روز پیش

آمار یادگیری

B1

سطح CEFR

5/10

سختی

زیرنویس‌ها (207 بخش‌ها)

00:01

Hey, Vsauce. Michael here.

00:04

Nyctophobia is the fear of the dark.

00:07

But there's another fear that's more chilling.

00:10

It's the fear that darkness will go away.

00:15

Optophobia, the fear of opening your eyes.

00:18

Light travels at the fastest speed possible for a physical object.

00:24

Darkness is erased when light appears, and returns

00:28

when light leaves. The speed of dark

00:31

is the speed of light but there are other types of darkness

00:34

that can move faster than light speed. For instance,

00:40

a shadow.

00:41

Across a distance, a shadow can become much larger than the object creating it,

00:46

but still mimic its source, moving in the same way for the same amount of time.

00:51

So when a shadow is bigger than the object casting it, it moves a greater distance

00:56

when the object moves but in the same amount of time. Make a shadow large enough

01:00

and it can travel across the surface faster than light.

01:03

If you, here on Earth, cast a shadow onto the Moon,

01:08

not an easy thing to do, that pointed from, say, point A

01:12

on the moon's surface, and then you moved your finger so that the shadow moved

01:16

to point B, your finger would only move a few centimetres

01:20

in a fraction of a second. But the shadow it cast on the Moon

01:23

would move thousands of kilometers in the same amount of time.

01:27

Do it right and you're easily producing a shadow

01:30

that breaks the light barrier.

01:32

But nothing's wrong here.

01:33

The rule is that information can't travel faster than light.

01:37

You can't cause something to happen somewhere else

01:40

faster than light could travel from you to that somewhere else.

01:44

And our superluminal shadow is transferring

01:47

no information from point A to point B.

01:51

Sure, point B is being cast into darkness

01:55

sooner than a light speed message from A could warn him it's coming

01:59

but darkness isn't traveling from point A to point B.

02:03

It's traveling from you to point A and point B

02:08

at the speed of light. What we tend to call a shadow

02:11

is really just a cross-section of a three-dimensional region.

02:15

The darkness you are causing only changes shape

02:19

when newly unblocked light fills

02:20

the previous gap. That's all shadow is:

02:24

a gap. So, in a way, a shadow doesn't

02:27

travel at all. That's an illusion caused by us thinking

02:31

that a shadow is a physical thing, when in reality

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