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A2 noun #5,000 le plus courant 10 min de lecture

نفور

nufur Top 5,000

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces نفور en 30 secondes

Explication نفور in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should understand 'Nufūr' as a simple word for 'disliking something very much' and 'wanting to stay away.' You might not use it yourself yet, but you should recognize it when someone talks about not liking a specific food or a loud noise. Think of it as a 'strong no' in your heart. You can remember it by the sound—'Nu-fūr'—which sounds a bit like 'No' at the beginning. It's a noun, so we use it with 'feeling.' For example: 'I feel nufūr from this.'

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At the A2 level, you can begin to use 'Nufūr' to describe basic feelings and reactions. You should know that it is followed by the word 'min' (from). You can use it to talk about your personal tastes, like why you don't like certain places or activities. It helps you sound more descriptive than just saying 'I don't like.' You should also recognize it in simple stories where a character might feel 'nufūr' toward a 'bad guy' or a difficult situation. It is a step up in your emotional vocabulary.

By B1, you should be comfortable using 'Nufūr' in both personal and social contexts. You can use it to discuss relationships, explaining that there is an 'aversion' between two people. You should also start noticing the word in media, such as news reports about people's reactions to new rules. You should understand that 'nufūr' is more than just a preference; it's a reaction that makes someone want to move away or avoid something. You can start adding adjectives like 'strong' (shadid) or 'clear' (wadih) to it.

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At the B2 level, you should understand the nuance between 'Nufūr' and its synonyms like 'disgust' or 'hatred.' You can use it in professional settings to describe workplace dynamics or consumer behavior (e.g., 'consumer aversion to high prices'). You should also be aware of the root (N-F-R) and how it relates to verbs like 'tunaffir' (to cause aversion). You can use it in more complex sentence structures, such as 'The reason for his aversion was...' or 'This led to a widespread sense of aversion.'

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At the C1 level, you should be able to use 'Nufūr' in academic, literary, and philosophical discussions. You can analyze how 'nufūr' is used in classical Arabic literature or religious texts to influence behavior. You should understand its use in psychological terms, such as 'social aversion' or 'sensory aversion.' You can use it to discuss complex social phenomena, like the alienation of certain groups in society. Your usage should be precise, distinguishing it from 'tanāfur' (dissonance) or 'i'rāḍ' (shunning) based on the exact context.

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At the C2 level, you have a masterly grasp of 'Nufūr' and all its subtle connotations. You can use it to discuss the 'aversion of hearts' in a spiritual sense or the 'aesthetic aversion' in art criticism. You are familiar with its etymological history—from animals bolting to human psychological withdrawal—and can use this knowledge to add depth to your writing. You can use it in high-level debates about sociology, politics, and ethics, understanding exactly how the word resonates with a native speaker's cultural and historical consciousness.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

نفور en 30 secondes

Nufūr means a strong aversion or the act of shrinking away from something unpleasant.
It is a noun derived from the root N-F-R, originally meaning to bolt like an animal.
It is commonly used with the preposition 'min' (from) to identify the source of distaste.
It describes emotional distance in relationships, social alienation, or physical repulsion.

The Arabic word نفور (Nufūr) is a profound and multifaceted noun derived from the tri-literal root ن - ف - ر (N-F-R). At its core, it describes a visceral, often instinctive reaction of turning away, bolting, or feeling a deep-seated aversion toward something or someone. Unlike simple dislike (karahiya), نفور implies a physical or psychological distance being created. It is the feeling of being 'repelled' rather than just 'not liking.' In classical Arabic, the root was often used to describe animals, such as a camel or a horse, suddenly bolting or shying away from something that frightened it. This 'bolting' quality is still present in the modern emotional usage of the word; it suggests a reactive, almost involuntary withdrawal.

Psychological Context: In modern psychology and sociology, nufūr is used to describe social alienation or the breakdown of a relationship where one party feels a growing distaste for the other. It captures that moment when familiarity turns into a desire to escape.
Physical Sensation: It is frequently used to describe a sensory reaction to something foul, like a bad smell or a disturbing sight, where the body naturally recoils.
Social Dynamics: In a social setting, it refers to the coldness or distance that develops between people, often used in the context of marriage or long-term friendships that have soured.

شعرت بـ نفور شديد من رائحة الطعام الفاسد في المطبخ المهجور.

To understand نفور, one must look at its cousins in the word family. The verb 'nafara' (نفر) means to flee or to be scared away. This provides the 'movement' behind the noun. When you have nufūr, your heart is essentially 'fleeing' from the object of your distaste. It is a very active form of dislike. In religious and ethical literature, the term is often used to warn against behaviors that cause people to turn away from a message or a community. If a leader is too harsh, he creates nufūr in the hearts of his followers.

كان هناك نفور متبادل بين الجارين بسبب الخلافات القديمة على حدود الأرض.

In a literary sense, poets often use nufūr to describe a beloved who is acting distant or coy, though in this context, the word takes on a more romantic, albeit painful, nuance. However, in standard Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), its primary use remains within the realm of aversion and distaste. It is a formal word, but it is used across all Arab dialects with slight variations in pronunciation, always maintaining the core meaning of 'shrinking away' from something unpleasant. Whether it is a political aversion to a new policy or a personal aversion to a specific behavior, نفور covers the spectrum of negative avoidance.

أدى أسلوبه الفظ في التعامل إلى نفور الموظفين منه وتركهم للعمل.

يعاني بعض الأطفال من نفور مفاجئ من أنواع معينة من الخضروات.

Using نفور correctly requires understanding its grammatical placement as a noun. It often appears after verbs of feeling or cause. You don't just 'do' nufūr; you 'feel' it (sha'ara bi-nufūr) or something 'causes' it (adda ila nufūr). It is almost always followed by the preposition 'min' (من), which identifies the source of the aversion. This 'from' is crucial because nufūr is a movement away from something.

Standard Structure: [Subject] + [Verb: Feel/Cause] + [Nufūr] + [Preposition: Min] + [Object of Aversion].

Let's look at various ways to integrate this into your Arabic. When discussing personal feelings, you might say: 'I felt a strong aversion to the idea.' In Arabic: 'شعرت بنفور قوي من الفكرة' (Sha'artu bi-nufūrin qawiyyin min al-fikra). Notice how 'qawiy' (strong) modifies the noun to show intensity. The word is versatile enough to describe minor annoyances and major life-altering repulsions.

لا يمكنني إخفاء نفوري من الكذب والنفاق في بيئة العمل.

In a more formal or journalistic setting, you will see it used to describe group dynamics. For instance, 'The policy led to public aversion.' (أدت السياسة إلى نفور شعبي). Here, it functions as a subject or a direct result of an action. It is also common in psychological literature to discuss 'social aversion' (النفور الاجتماعي), a term describing the desire to avoid social interaction.

يسبب الضجيج المستمر حالة من الـ نفور والتوتر لدى سكان المنطقة.

Furthermore, nufūr can be used in the possessive form (Idafa). For example, 'The people's aversion' (نفور الناس). This is a very common way to express collective sentiment. If you want to say 'his aversion,' you attach the pronoun suffix: nufūruhu (نفوره). This is effective for describing someone's character trait or a specific reaction they had.

كان نفورها من الغرباء واضحاً جداً منذ صغرها.

Finally, consider the nuances of intensity. You can use words like 'shadid' (intense), 'mutlaq' (absolute), or 'tamm' (complete) to describe the degree of aversion. 'Aversion' in Arabic is not just binary; it exists on a scale. Understanding this allows you to express subtle differences in emotion, from a slight distaste to a total rejection.

هناك نفور عام من استخدام المواد الكيميائية في الزراعة العضوية.

You will encounter نفور in a variety of real-world contexts, ranging from the evening news to clinical therapy sessions. In the Arab world, where social harmony and 'keeping face' are often valued, the word nufūr is a powerful way to describe a breakdown in that harmony without necessarily using aggressive language like 'hatred.' It is a sophisticated way to say 'there is a gap between us.'

News and Media: Journalists use it to describe public reaction to unpopular laws or political figures. 'The public's aversion to the new taxes' (نفور الجمهور من الضرائب الجديدة) is a common headline structure.
Literature and Philosophy: In novels, authors use nufūr to describe the internal state of a character who feels out of place or disgusted by their surroundings. It provides a sense of existential dread or social discomfort.

In daily life, you might hear a mother talking about her child's 'nufūr' from certain foods, or a friend explaining why they stopped seeing someone. It's used in marital counseling (a very common context) to describe the emotional distance between spouses—'al-nufūr al-zawji' (marital aversion). This specific phrase is used frequently in legal and social discussions regarding divorce and family law in many Arab countries.

تحدث المحلل السياسي عن نفور الناخبين الشباب من الأحزاب التقليدية.

Another place you'll hear it is in religious sermons (Khutbah). Preachers often speak about 'Nufūr al-Qulūb' (the aversion of hearts), referring to how sins or bad manners can make people's hearts turn away from faith or from each other. They often cite the Prophetic tradition that encourages making things easy for people so as not to cause nufūr: 'Bashirū wa la tunaffirū' (Give glad tidings and do not drive people away/cause aversion).

يجب علينا تحسين أخلاقنا لتجنب نفور الناس من دعوتنا.

In professional environments, HR departments might discuss nufūr in the context of toxic work cultures. If employees are resigning in large numbers, it is often described as a 'state of aversion' from the management style. In essence, whenever there is a 'push' factor making people want to leave or avoid a situation, nufūr is the word of choice.

لاحظ المعلم نفور الطالب من مادة الرياضيات وبدأ في البحث عن السبب.

One of the most common mistakes learners make with نفور is confusing it with the simple word for 'hate' (كره - Kurh). While they are related, they are not interchangeable. 'Kurh' is a feeling of intense dislike or hostility. Nufūr, however, is the *result* of that feeling or a separate feeling of 'repulsion.' You can hate someone but still be forced to be near them; if you have nufūr, the primary characteristic is that you are actively trying to stay away or your soul is recoiling.

Preposition Errors: Many students try to use 'li-' (لـ) or 'bi-' (بـ) after nufūr. Remember: it is always nufūr min (aversion FROM). Using the wrong preposition can change the meaning or make the sentence sound unnatural to a native speaker.

Another mistake is confusing the noun nufūr with its verb forms. The verb 'nafara' (نفر) has several meanings depending on the context. In a military context, 'nafara' can mean 'to mobilize' or 'to go forth to battle.' If a student sees the word 'Nafir' (trumpet call/mobilization), they might confuse it with 'Nufūr' (aversion). Always check the context: is it about fleeing/avoiding (aversion) or is it about rushing/mobilizing (military)?

خطأ: شعرت بنفور إلى المكان. (Wrong preposition)
صح: شعرت بـ نفور من المكان. (Correct: Aversion FROM the place)

Learners also sometimes struggle with the intensity of the word. They might use it for a minor preference, like 'I have an aversion to tea.' While grammatically correct, it sounds overly dramatic. For minor preferences, 'la uhibb' (I don't like) or 'la afdal' (I don't prefer) is better. Save nufūr for things that truly make you want to turn away or that represent a significant emotional distance.

Lastly, don't confuse nufūr with 'tanāfur' (تنافر). While 'tanāfur' also means aversion or discord, it specifically implies a *mutual* repulsion or a lack of harmony between two or more things (like two incompatible colors or two people who can't stand each other). Nufūr can be one-sided, whereas 'tanāfur' is usually systemic or mutual.

يوجد تنافر بين هذه الألوان في التصميم، مما يسبب نفور المشاهد.

Arabic is a language of immense precision, and while نفور is a great word, there are several alternatives that might fit your specific context better. Understanding these synonyms will elevate your Arabic from 'functional' to 'fluent.'

كراهية (Karāhiya): Meaning 'hatred' or 'dislike.' It is more about the internal emotion of hating something, whereas nufūr is about the reaction of turning away.
اشمئزاز (Ishmi'zāz): Meaning 'disgust' or 'loathing.' This is much stronger than nufūr. It is the feeling you get when you see something truly revolting or morally bankrupt.
إعراض (I'rāḍ): Meaning 'turning away' or 'shunning.' This is more about the *action* of ignoring or avoiding something, often for moral or intentional reasons.

If you are talking about a lack of harmony between things, 'Tanāfur' (تنافر) is your best bet. It is used in music for 'dissonance' and in chemistry for 'repulsion' between particles. If you are talking about a person being 'heavy' on the heart—meaning you find them annoying or hard to be around—you might use 'Istithqāl' (استثقال), which literally means finding something 'heavy.'

بدلاً من قول 'أكره هذا'، يمكنك قول 'أشعر بـ نفور من هذا' لتبدو أكثر دقة في وصف مشاعرك.

In a religious or spiritual context, 'Bughḍ' (بغض) is a common term for a deep-seated, righteous hatred or detestation. It is often contrasted with 'Hubb' (love). While nufūr is psychological and physical, 'Bughḍ' is more focused on the moral judgment of the thing being hated.

For a more poetic or archaic feel, you might encounter 'Nabwah' (نبوة), which refers to a sword glancing off its target or a person's nature being incompatible with something. However, for 99% of modern conversations, nufūr remains the most versatile and understood term for aversion.

كان هناك جفاء ونفور واضح في نبرة صوته عندما تحدث عن الماضي.

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

The same root is used for 'Nafar' (نفر), which in modern Arabic often means 'a person' or 'an individual' (especially in counting), but originally meant a small group of people ready for action or fleeing together.

Guide de prononciation

UK /nʊˈfʊər/

US /nuˈfʊr/

The stress is on the second syllable: nu-FŪR.

Rime avec

Surūr (Happiness) Ghurūr (Vanity) Dastūr (Constitution) Juhūr (Publicness) Zuhūr (Flowers/Appearance) Futūr (Languor) Shu'ūr (Feeling) Buhūr (Seas)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing it as 'Nafūr' (with an 'a' instead of 'u').
Failing to trill the 'r' slightly at the end.
Making the 'f' sound too soft.
Pronouncing the 'u' as a short 'o'.
Confusing it with 'Nafr' (a single act of fleeing).

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 3/5

Easy to recognize in texts but requires context to distinguish from other meanings of the root N-F-R.

Écriture 4/5

Requires correct use of the preposition 'min' and understanding the noun-adjective agreement.

Expression orale 3/5

Simple to pronounce but used in more specific emotional contexts.

Écoute 3/5

Clearly audible but can be confused with 'Nafar' (person) if not listening for the long vowel.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

كره (Kura) - To hate حب (Hubb) - Love شعور (Shu'ūr) - Feeling من (Min) - From قلب (Qalb) - Heart

Apprends ensuite

اشمئزاز (Ishmi'zāz) - Disgust تنافر (Tanāfur) - Dissonance إعراض (I'rāḍ) - Shunning انجذاب (Injidhab) - Attraction انسجام (Insijām) - Harmony

Avancé

استلاب (Istilab) - Alienation غربة (Ghurba) - Estrangement مجافاة (Mujafah) - Keeping away/Shunning نبوة (Nabwah) - Recoiling/Glancing off انقباض (Inqibad) - Contraction/Feeling uneasy

Grammaire à connaître

Masdar (Verbal Noun) Usage

النفور (Nufūr) is the masdar of 'Nafara'. It functions as a noun.

Prepositional Linkage

Always use 'min' (من) after 'Nufūr' to indicate the object of aversion.

Noun-Adjective Agreement

نفورٌ شديدٌ (Nufūrun shadīdun) - both are masculine and have the same case ending.

Idafa Construction

نفورُ الناسِ (Nufūru al-nāsi) - The people's aversion.

Intensive Adjective Form

Nafūr can also be an adjective (Fa'ūl pattern) meaning 'very avoidant'.

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Exemples par niveau

أشعر بنفور من هذا الكلب.

I feel aversion from this dog.

Simple noun phrase after 'feel'.

عنده نفور من الحليب.

He has an aversion to milk.

Using 'has' (indahu) with the noun.

لماذا هذا النفور؟

Why this aversion?

Interrogative sentence.

النفور ليس جيداً.

Aversion is not good.

Simple nominal sentence.

أنا أحس بنفور منه.

I feel aversion from him.

Using 'ahissu' (I feel) with 'bi-'.

هو يشعر بنفور من السمك.

He feels aversion from fish.

Subject-verb-noun structure.

هذا نفور طبيعي.

This is a natural aversion.

Noun-adjective agreement.

لا أريد نفوراً.

I don't want aversion.

Direct object in the accusative (tanwin fath).

شعرت بنفور من رائحة الدخان.

I felt aversion from the smell of smoke.

Past tense verb with 'bi-' and 'min'.

النفور من الغرباء أمر شائع.

Aversion to strangers is common.

Subject is a definite noun.

هل تشعر بنفور من هذا المكان؟

Do you feel aversion to this place?

Question form using 'hal'.

كان هناك نفور بين الفريقين.

There was aversion between the two teams.

Using 'kana' for past existence.

أدى كذبه إلى نفور أصحابه.

His lying led to his friends' aversion.

Idafa structure: 'nufūr as-habihi'.

عندي نفور من الأماكن المزدحمة.

I have an aversion to crowded places.

Using 'min' with a plural noun.

النفور من العمل مشكلة كبيرة.

Aversion to work is a big problem.

Masdar (verbal noun) as a subject.

تجنب النفور بالابتسامة.

Avoid aversion with a smile.

Imperative verb 'tajannab'.

يسبب أسلوبه الفظ نفوراً لدى الآخرين.

His rude style causes aversion in others.

Verb 'yusabbib' taking 'nufūran' as a direct object.

هناك نفور واضح من السياسات الجديدة.

There is a clear aversion to the new policies.

Adjective 'wadih' modifying 'nufūr'.

شعرت بنفور شديد من تصرفه المهين.

I felt a strong aversion to his insulting behavior.

Intensifier 'shadid' used.

النفور الاجتماعي قد يكون علامة على الاكتئاب.

Social aversion might be a sign of depression.

Compound term: 'an-nufūr al-ijtimā'ī'.

بدأ النفور يظهر في علاقتهما الزوجية.

Aversion began to appear in their marital relationship.

Verb 'yadh-har' (to appear) with the noun.

كيف يمكننا علاج النفور من الدراسة؟

How can we treat the aversion to studying?

Using 'ilaj' (treatment/cure) with the noun.

أحسست بنفور من الطعام بسبب المرض.

I felt an aversion to food because of the illness.

Causal clause using 'bi-sabab'.

النفور من الظلم صفة إنسانية.

Aversion to injustice is a human trait.

Abstract noun 'dhulm' (injustice) as the object of 'min'.

أدت هذه التصريحات إلى حالة من النفور الشعبي.

These statements led to a state of public aversion.

Phrase 'hala min' (a state of).

يجب أن لا نثير نفور الناس من الدين.

We must not provoke people's aversion to religion.

Verb 'nuthir' (to provoke/stir up).

يعكس هذا الفيلم نفور الجيل الجديد من التقاليد.

This movie reflects the new generation's aversion to traditions.

Verb 'ya'kis' (to reflect).

كان النفور متبادلاً بين الطرفين في المفاوضات.

The aversion was mutual between the two parties in the negotiations.

Adjective 'mutabādal' (mutual).

النفور من المخاطرة يمنع الكثيرين من النجاح.

Aversion to risk prevents many from succeeding.

Concept: 'nufūr min al-mukhātara'.

تجاوزت مرحلة النفور وبدأت في التقبل.

I moved past the stage of aversion and began to accept.

Verb 'tajāwaza' (to surpass/move past).

هناك نفور من استخدام التكنولوجيا في هذا المجتمع.

There is an aversion to using technology in this community.

Gerund 'istikhdām' as the object of 'min'.

النفور من الضجيج هو سبب انتقالي للريف.

Aversion to noise is the reason for my move to the countryside.

Noun as the reason (sabab) in a nominal sentence.

تتجلى ظاهرة النفور السياسي في انخفاض نسبة التصويت.

The phenomenon of political aversion is manifested in low voter turnout.

Verb 'tatajallā' (to be manifested).

يعاني المريض من نفور حسي تجاه الأضواء الساطعة.

The patient suffers from a sensory aversion to bright lights.

Medical term: 'nufūr hissī'.

إن النفور من المادة العلمية قد يعود لطرائق التدريس.

The aversion to the scientific material may be due to teaching methods.

Using 'Inna' for emphasis and 'ya'ūd' for causality.

يجب دراسة أسباب النفور بين الجماعات العرقية المختلفة.

The causes of aversion between different ethnic groups must be studied.

Passive construction 'yujab dirāsat'.

تولد الكراهية نفوراً عميقاً يصعب علاجه بمرور الزمن.

Hatred generates a deep aversion that is difficult to treat over time.

Verb 'tuwallid' (to generate/give birth to).

النفور من الحداثة هو موضوع مركزي في هذه الرواية.

Aversion to modernity is a central theme in this novel.

Thematic usage in literary analysis.

لا يمكن تجاهل النفور النفسي الذي يشعر به الضحية.

The psychological aversion felt by the victim cannot be ignored.

Complex noun phrase with a relative clause.

يؤدي التنافر المعرفي غالباً إلى نفور من الحقائق الجديدة.

Cognitive dissonance often leads to an aversion to new facts.

Scientific/Psychological context.

يحلل الكاتب سيكولوجية النفور في المجتمعات الشمولية.

The writer analyzes the psychology of aversion in totalitarian societies.

Academic terminology: 'saikūlūjiyyat an-nufūr'.

إن نفور الذات من الخطأ هو جوهر اليقظة الروحية.

The self's aversion to error is the essence of spiritual wakefulness.

Philosophical/Sufi context.

ثمة نفور متأصل في الطبيعة البشرية تجاه المجهول.

There is an inherent aversion in human nature towards the unknown.

Using 'Thamma' (there is/exists) for formal existence.

تتسم العلاقة بينهما بنوع من النفور الوجداني المستعصي.

The relationship between them is characterized by a kind of intractable emotional aversion.

Adjective 'musta'ṣī' (intractable/incurable).

أحدثت التغيرات البنيوية نفوراً في أوساط المحافظين.

Structural changes caused an aversion among conservatives.

Sociological context: 'fī awṣāṭ' (among/in the circles of).

النفور الجمالي من القبح هو ما يدفعنا للبحث عن الفن.

Aesthetic aversion to ugliness is what drives us to seek art.

Aesthetic philosophy context.

تتجذر مشاعر النفور هذه في صراعات تاريخية غابرة.

These feelings of aversion are rooted in ancient historical conflicts.

Verb 'tatajadh-dhar' (to be rooted).

النفور من التبعية هو المحرك الأساسي لحركات التحرر.

Aversion to dependency is the primary driver of liberation movements.

Political science context.

Collocations courantes

نفور شديد

نفور اجتماعي

نفور زوجي

نفور شعبي

نفور من المخاطرة

حالة من النفور

سبب النفور

نفور القلوب

نفور حسي

تجنب النفور

Phrases Courantes

بشروا ولا تنفروا

— A famous Hadith meaning 'Give good news and do not drive people away.' It emphasizes being welcoming.

في دعوتك للناس، تذكر: بشروا ولا تنفروا.

نفور من الواقع

— Aversion to reality; wanting to escape from the current situation.

الخيال هو نوع من النفور من الواقع.

نفور غريزي

— An instinctive aversion; something you feel without thinking.

عنده نفور غريزي من الأفاعي.

نفور متبادل

— Mutual aversion; when two people feel the same distaste for each other.

كان النفور متبادلاً منذ اللقاء الأول.

أثار نفوراً

— To provoke or trigger aversion.

كلامه أثار نفور الحاضرين.

نفور من التغيير

— Aversion to change; being stuck in old ways.

النفور من التغيير يعيق التقدم.

نفور فطري

— Innate aversion; something one is born with.

النفور من الكذب هو نفور فطري.

كسر حاجز النفور

— To break the barrier of aversion.

حاول كسر حاجز النفور بالهدايا.

نفور من المسؤولية

— Aversion to responsibility.

يعاني بعض الشباب من نفور من المسؤولية.

نفور من الغرباء

— Aversion to strangers.

القطط غالباً ما يكون لديها نفور من الغرباء.

Souvent confondu avec

نفور vs نفر (Nafar)

Nafar means a person or a small group. Nufūr means aversion.

نفور vs نفير (Nafir)

Nafir means a trumpet or a call to mobilization. Nufūr means aversion.

نفور vs تنافر (Tanāfur)

Tanāfur implies mutual repulsion or dissonance. Nufūr can be one-sided.

Expressions idiomatiques

"نفرت منه طباعه"

— His nature recoiled from it; he couldn't stand it.

رأى الظلم فنفرت منه طباعه.

Literary

"قلوب نـافرة"

— Hearts that are estranged or bolting away from each other.

أصبحت قلوبهم نافرة بعد الخلاف.

Literary

"نفرة الغزال"

— The bolting of a deer; used to describe a sudden, quick withdrawal.

انسحب من الحفل كـنفرة الغزال.

Poetic

"لا ينفر منه إلا جاحد"

— Only an ungrateful person would turn away from it.

هذا كرم لا ينفر منه إلا جاحد.

Formal

"نفر الدم في عروقه"

— The blood 'bolted' in his veins (meaning he got very angry or excited).

عندما سمع الإهانة، نفر الدم في عروقه.

Informal/Metaphorical

"نفر الصيد"

— To scare away the prey.

لا ترفع صوتك كي لا تنفر الصيد.

Literal/Classic

"نفر إلى الجهاد"

— To mobilize for a cause (using the other meaning of the root).

نفر القوم للدفاع عن وطنهم.

Historical/Religious

"طبع نفور"

— A naturally shy or avoidant personality.

هو رجل ذو طبع نفور.

General

"بينهم ما صنع الحداد"

— A colloquial idiom (not using Nufūr but related) meaning great enmity/aversion.

بين الجارين ما صنع الحداد.

Slang/Idiom

"نفر منه النوم"

— Sleep fled from him (he couldn't sleep).

نفر منه النوم ليلة الامتحان.

Poetic

Facile à confondre

نفور vs كراهية

Both mean dislike.

Karāhiya is the emotion of hate. Nufūr is the reaction of being repelled or avoiding.

أكره الكذب (I hate lying) vs أشعر بنفور من الكاذب (I feel aversion to the liar).

نفور vs اشمئزاز

Both involve negative reactions.

Ishmi'zāz is much stronger, like disgust or loathing. Nufūr is more about distance.

أشعر بالاشمئزاز من القمامة (I feel disgust at trash).

نفور vs إعراض

Both involve turning away.

I'rāḍ is a deliberate action of ignoring or shunning. Nufūr is an emotional state/reaction.

أعرض عن الجاهل (I shunned the ignorant person).

نفور vs جفاء

Both describe relationship distance.

Jafā' is specifically about coldness or hardness in treatment. Nufūr is the feeling of distaste.

بينهما جفاء طويل (There is long-standing coldness between them).

نفور vs هجر

Both involve leaving.

Hajr is the act of abandoning or leaving someone. Nufūr is the feeling that leads to it.

قرر هجر المدينة (He decided to abandon the city).

Structures de phrases

أشعر بنفور من [Noun]

أشعر بنفور من البرد.

[Noun] يسبب نفوراً لدى [People]

الضجيج يسبب نفوراً لدى الجيران.

هناك نفور بين [Person A] و [Person B]

هناك نفور بين خالد وعمر.

أدى [Action] إلى نفور شعبي من [Thing]

أدى الغلاء إلى نفور شعبي من الحكومة.

ليس لدي أي نفور من [Concept]

ليس لدي أي نفور من العمل الشاق.

تتجلى حالة النفور في [Observation]

تتجلى حالة النفور في صمتهم الطويل.

يعزى هذا النفور إلى [Reason]

يعزى هذا النفور إلى تجارب سابقة مريرة.

النفور الوجداني هو نتيجة لـ [Complex Cause]

النفور الوجداني هو نتيجة لتراكم الخيبات.

Famille de mots

Noms

نفور (Nufūr) - Aversion

نفر (Nafr) - Group of people / Act of fleeing

نفرة (Nafrah) - A single instance of bolting

منفر (Munaffir) - Someone/something that causes aversion

نافر (Nāfir) - Someone who is repelled/avoidant

Verbes

نفر (Nafara) - To flee / To bolt / To be repelled

نفر (Naffara) - To cause someone to flee / To drive away

تنافر (Tanāfara) - To be mutually repelled

استنفر (Istanfara) - To call to arms / To mobilize

Adjectifs

نفور (Nafūr) - Disdainful / Avoidant (used as an intensive adjective)

منفر (Munaffir) - Repulsive / Off-putting

متنافر (Mutanāfir) - Incompatible / Dissonant

Apparenté

هروب (Hurūb) - Escaping

كراهية (Karāhiya) - Hatred

بعد (Bu'd) - Distance

وحشة (Wahsha) - Estrangement

خوف (Khawf) - Fear

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

Common in literature, news, and psychological discussions.

Erreurs courantes

Using 'li-' instead of 'min'. → أشعر بنفور من...
The feeling of aversion is directed 'away from' the source, hence the use of 'min' (from).
Confusing Nufūr with Nafar. → Nufūr (Aversion), Nafar (Person).
These are different words from the same root. Nafar is for counting people; Nufūr is for the feeling.
Using Nufūr for minor dislikes. → لا أحب هذا الطعام.
Nufūr is quite strong. Using it for not liking a specific vegetable might sound too dramatic unless you truly can't stand it.
Mispronouncing the 'u' as 'a'. → Nu-fūr.
The first syllable must have the 'u' sound (dhamma). 'Nafūr' is not the standard noun form for 'aversion'.
Using Nufūr as a verb. → أشعر بنفور (I feel aversion).
Nufūr is a noun. If you want a verb, use 'Nafara'.

Astuces

Precision over Generalization

Use 'Nufūr' when you want to describe the *distance* created by dislike. It's much more evocative than just saying 'I don't like it.'

The 'Min' Rule

Always remember that 'Nufūr' is followed by 'min'. This helps you connect the feeling to its source correctly and naturally.

Root Recognition

Learning the root N-F-R will help you understand other words like 'Munaffir' (repulsive) and 'Tanāfur' (dissonance) easily.

Softening Rejection

In some contexts, saying 'I feel nufūr' can be a way to describe an emotional state without being as aggressive as saying 'I hate you.'

Internal State

Use 'Nufūr' to describe internal psychological states in your writing to give it more depth and emotional resonance.

Religious Context

Be aware of the phrase 'Bashirū wa la tunaffirū'. It's a great cultural touchstone to use in conversations about leadership or teaching.

Emphasis with Shadid

If you really want to emphasize your aversion, add 'shadid' (intense). 'Nufūr shadid' is a very common and effective phrase.

Contextual Clues

If you hear 'Nufūr' in a news report about the economy, it almost always refers to 'risk aversion' or 'market rejection'.

Describing Relationships

When writing about characters, use 'Nufūr' to show the beginning of a conflict or the end of a friendship.

Animal Imagery

Keep the image of a bolting horse in mind. It perfectly captures the 'energy' of the word 'Nufūr'.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of the word 'No' + 'Fear'. When you have 'Nu-fūr', you say 'No' and you might have a bit of 'Fear' (or distaste) that makes you run away.

Association visuelle

Imagine a camel suddenly bolting away from a snake in the sand. That 'bolting' is the essence of Nufūr.

Word Web

Nufūr (Aversion) Min (From) Nafara (To flee) Munaffir (Off-putting) Tanāfur (Dissonance) Qalb (Heart) Ibti'ād (Moving away) Karāhiya (Hate)

Défi

Try to use 'Nufūr' in three different contexts today: once for a food you dislike, once for a social situation, and once for a news event.

Origine du mot

The word comes from the tri-literal Arabic root ن - ف - ر (N-F-R). This root originally relates to the sudden movement of animals.

Sens originel : The primary meaning was 'to bolt' or 'to shy away,' specifically used for camels or horses that were startled.

Semitic -> Afroasiatic -> Arabic.

Contexte culturel

Be careful when using 'Nufūr' to describe people directly, as it can be taken as a strong insult, implying they are naturally repulsive.

English speakers might use 'aversion' or 'distaste,' but 'Nufūr' often carries a more visceral, physical sense of 'moving away' than the English equivalents.

The Hadith: 'بشروا ولا تنفروا' (Bashirū wa la tunaffirū). Classical poetry describing a 'Nāfir' (avoidant) lover. Modern Arabic psychological textbooks on 'Al-Nufūr al-Ijtimā'ī'.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Psychology

النفور الاجتماعي
علاج النفور
أسباب نفسية للنفور
نفور من الذات

Relationships

نفور بين الزوجين
برود ونفور
تجاوز حالة النفور
نفور عاطفي

Business

النفور من المخاطرة
نفور المستهلكين
عوامل منفرة للعمل
نفور من العلامة التجارية

Religion/Ethics

بشروا ولا تنفروا
نفور القلوب من المعاصي
تجنب تنفير الناس
نفور فطري من الكذب

Sensory Experiences

نفور من الروائح
نفور من الأكل
نفور من الضجيج
رد فعل نفوري

Amorces de conversation

"هل شعرت يوماً بنفور مفاجئ من شخص كنت تحبه؟"

"ما هو أكثر شيء يسبب لك النفور في بيئة العمل؟"

"كيف يمكننا تقليل النفور بين الثقافات المختلفة؟"

"هل تعتقد أن النفور من التكنولوجيا أمر طبيعي لدى كبار السن؟"

"ما الفرق في رأيك بين الكره والنفور؟"

Sujets d'écriture

اكتب عن موقف شعرت فيه بنفور شديد من فكرة ما، وكيف تعاملت مع هذا الشعور.

حلل أسباب النفور الاجتماعي في العصر الحديث ودور وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي في ذلك.

صف شعور النفور الجسدي وكيف يؤثر على قراراتك اليومية.

تحدث عن أهمية نصيحة 'بشروا ولا تنفروا' في حياتك الشخصية.

هل يمكن للنفور أن يكون شيئاً إيجابياً؟ اشرح وجهة نظرك.

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

Yes, it almost always describes a negative feeling of aversion or distaste. However, in a spiritual context, 'Nufūr' from sin is seen as positive. It means your soul is healthy enough to reject something harmful. Generally, though, in social contexts, it indicates a problem.

Yes, it is very common to say 'Nufūr min al-ta'ām' (aversion to food). This is often used when someone is sick or has a strong psychological distaste for a specific dish. It's more descriptive than just saying 'I don't like it.'

The most common and correct preposition is 'min' (من), which means 'from.' You feel aversion *from* something. Occasionally, you might see 'tujāha' (تجاه) meaning 'towards,' but 'min' is the standard.

The term is 'النفور من المخاطرة' (Al-nufūr min al-mukhātara). This is a standard term used in finance, economics, and psychology to describe a preference for certainty over risk.

It is moderately formal. It is used in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and is understood by all speakers. While people might use simpler words in very casual slang, 'Nufūr' is appropriate for news, books, and polite conversation.

'Nufūr' is the general noun for aversion. 'Tanāfur' (from the same root) specifically refers to *mutual* repulsion or a lack of harmony between two or more things, like colors that don't match or people who can't get along.

Yes, you can have an aversion to a place, a smell, a sound, or even a specific color. It's not limited to people or animals.

Yes, the verb is 'Nafara' (نفر). For example, 'Nafara al-nāsu minhu' means 'The people were repelled by him' or 'The people fled from him.'

The 'r' in Arabic is a 'tapped' or slightly trilled 'r', similar to the Spanish 'r'. It should be clear and crisp, not swallowed like the English 'r' in some dialects.

Technically, the plural is 'Nufūrāt' (نفورات), but it is very rarely used. Since it's an abstract noun, the singular form covers almost all instances.

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