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A2 adverb 5 min de lecture

صباحًا

Sabahan
Exemples Notes et astuces صباحًا en 30 secondes
Explication صباحًا in your Level:
At the A1 level, you learn 'sabāḥan' as a simple way to say 'in the morning'. You use it to talk about your basic daily routine. For example, 'I drink milk in the morning' or 'I wake up at 7:00 AM'. It is a building block for telling time. You will see it on clocks and in simple stories about a person's day. At this stage, just remember it goes at the end of your sentence and doesn't need 'fī' (in). You should also recognize its opposite, 'masā'an' (in the evening). Learning this word helps you transition from just naming objects to describing when things happen, which is a key step in basic communication.
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At the A2 level, you begin to use 'sabāḥan' more naturally in longer sentences. You can use it to schedule appointments and talk about recurring habits. You might say, 'I go to the gym every day in the morning'. You also start to differentiate between 'sabāḥan' (the adverb) and 'as-sabāḥ' (the noun). You understand that 'sabāḥan' is specifically used to answer the question 'When?' (Matā?). You are also introduced to the idea of AM and PM in Arabic, where 'sabāḥan' is the standard for AM. This allows you to read basic schedules, like bus or train times, and talk about your school or work hours more accurately.
At the B1 level, you use 'sabāḥan' to provide more detail in your narratives. You might combine it with other time expressions to be very precise, such as 'sabāḥan bākiran' (early in the morning). You are comfortable using it in both formal and informal contexts. You understand the grammatical reason why it ends in Tanween (because it is a Zarf Zamān). You can also use it in more complex sentence structures, like 'Despite the cold, I walk in the morning'. Your vocabulary is expanding to include synonyms like 'fajran' (at dawn), and you know when 'sabāḥan' is the more appropriate, general choice versus these specific terms.
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At the B2 level, you recognize 'sabāḥan' in various literary and professional registers. You might encounter it in news reports, formal emails, or literature where the time of day sets a specific mood. You understand its nuance in contrast with words like 'bukratan' or 'ghudūwan'. You can use it in hypothetical or conditional sentences, such as 'If I had arrived in the morning, I would have met him'. You also become aware of cultural associations with the morning in Arabic-speaking societies—how the 'morning' is a time of blessing (barakah) and how this word is used in traditional idioms and proverbs.
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At the C1 level, you have a sophisticated grasp of 'sabāḥan' and its place in the Arabic temporal system. You can discuss the nuances of its root (S-B-H) and how it relates to concepts of clarity and health (as in the word 'saḥīḥ' or 'ṣabāḥah' meaning beauty/brightness). You can use it in academic writing or high-level professional presentations. You are also familiar with its use in classical poetry where 'sabāḥan' might be used to contrast with 'laylan' (at night) to symbolize life, hope, or revelation. Your usage is flawless, including the correct orthography and placement in complex, multi-clause sentences.
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At the C2 level, you understand 'sabāḥan' within the full historical and linguistic context of the Arabic language. You can analyze its usage in the Quran, Hadith, and pre-Islamic poetry. You understand the subtle shift in its meaning over centuries—from a purely astronomical term to a standardized time marker in the modern era. You can appreciate and use archaic forms and related terms that share its root. Your command of the word allows you to use it with perfect rhetorical effect, choosing it or its alternatives based on the precise meter of a poem or the specific stylistic requirements of a formal speech.
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Exemples Notes et astuces

صباحًا en 30 secondes

  • Means 'in the morning' or 'AM'.
  • Grammatically an adverb of time (Zarf Zamān).
  • Requires no preposition like 'fī' (in).
  • Commonly used for routines and scheduling.
The Arabic word صباحًا (sabāḥan) serves as a temporal adverb, specifically categorized in Arabic grammar as Zarf Zamān (adverb of time). It is derived from the triliteral root ص-ب-ح (S-B-H), which fundamentally relates to the concept of dawn, light, and the beginning of the day. Unlike the noun الصباح (as-sabāḥ), which refers to 'the morning' as a general entity, the adverbial form صباحًا identifies a specific window of time in which an action occurs. It is most commonly translated as 'in the morning' or 'AM' when used in modern timekeeping contexts. In the Arab world, the concept of morning is deeply tied to productivity, religious observance, and social etiquette. The transition from the darkness of night to the clarity of morning is a recurring theme in classical literature and everyday speech.
Grammatical State
The word is in the accusative case (Mansub), indicated by the Tanween Fatha at the end. This is the standard form for adverbs of time in Arabic.

أستيقظ في الساعة السادسة صباحًا.

Temporal Scope
It generally covers the time from dawn (Fajr) until just before noon (Zuhr). In modern usage, it is the direct equivalent of the Latin 'ante meridiem' (AM).

يشرب جدي القهوة صباحًا كل يوم.

Register and Use
While used in formal Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), it is also understood across all dialects, though some dialects might prefer 'fil-subuh' or 'al-fajr'.

كان الجو باردًا صباحًا.

سأقابلك غدًا صباحًا.

تغرد العصافير صباحًا في الحديقة.

The placement of صباحًا in a sentence is relatively flexible, but it typically appears toward the end of the sentence to modify the verb. In the Arabic sentence structure, the verb usually comes first, followed by the subject, and then the adverbial of time. For example, 'I went to work in the morning' would be 'ذهبْتُ إلى العملِ صباحًا'. If you wish to emphasize the time, you can place it at the beginning: 'صباحًا، ذهبتُ إلى العمل'. However, the former is more common in neutral speech.
Modern Timekeeping
In digital and formal contexts, 'صباحًا' is used to denote AM. For instance, '8:00 AM' is written as 'الساعة الثامنة صباحًا'. This is crucial for formal invitations, flight schedules, and office hours.

يفتح المتجر أبوابه في التاسعة صباحًا.

Habitual Actions
When combined with 'kulla' (every), it expresses regularity. 'Every morning' is 'كل صباح'. However, using 'صباحًا' alone often implies a specific instance or a general characteristic of the morning hours.

أمارس الرياضة صباحًا لأشعر بالنشاط.

وصل الضيوف مبكرًا صباحًا.

Combining with Adjectives
You can use 'sabāḥan' with adjectives like 'bākirun' (early) to specify the time further: 'sabāḥan bākiran' (early in the morning).

خرج الصيادون إلى البحر صباحًا باكرًا.

تكون الشوارع هادئة صباحًا.

You will hear صباحًا in a variety of settings, ranging from the highly formal to the relatively casual. In news broadcasts, the anchor might say, 'وقع الحادث في الساعة السابعة صباحًا' (The accident occurred at seven o'clock in the morning). In business settings, it is the standard way to set appointments. If you are booking a hotel or a flight in an Arabic-speaking country, the staff will use 'sabāḥan' to clarify arrival and departure times.
Radio and Media
Morning shows often use this word in their titles or introductions to set the scene. It evokes a sense of freshness and new beginnings.

نلتقي بكم كل يوم في تمام العاشرة صباحًا.

Education
In schools, the morning assembly and the start of classes are always associated with this word. Teachers will say, 'نبدأ دروسنا صباحًا' (We start our lessons in the morning).

يصل الحافلة المدرسية في السابعة صباحًا.

موعد طائرتك في الخامسة صباحًا.

Daily Social Life
Even in dialects, while people might say 'fil-subuh', they will recognize and use 'sabāḥan' when they want to be precise or clear, especially when talking to someone from a different region.

أحب المشي في الغابة صباحًا.

سأرسل لك الملف صباحًا.

One of the most frequent errors for English speakers learning Arabic is the unnecessary use of prepositions. In English, we say 'IN the morning'. In Arabic, the Tanween (the 'an' sound at the end of صباحًا) already functions as the preposition. Saying 'في صباحًا' (fī sabāḥan) is grammatically incorrect and sounds redundant to a native speaker. You should either say 'في الصباحِ' (fī as-sabāḥi) or simply 'صباحًا' (sabāḥan).
Spelling Errors
Another mistake is forgetting the Alif at the end. Since the word ends in a Fatha Tanween, it requires a supporting Alif (صباحاً). Without it, the word is incomplete in formal writing.

الخطأ: سأذهب في صباحًا. الصواب: سأذهب صباحًا.

Confusion with 'Ghadan'
Sometimes learners confuse 'sabāḥan' with 'ghadan' (tomorrow). While they are both adverbs of time, 'sabāḥan' refers to the time of day, whereas 'ghadan' refers to the day itself. You can use them together: 'ghadan sabāḥan' (tomorrow morning).

سأراك غدًا صباحًا.

لا تقل 'صباح' بدون تنوين إذا كنت تقصد 'in the morning'.

Misusing for 'Greeting'
You do not use 'sabāḥan' as a greeting. You say 'Sabāḥ al-khayr'. 'Sabāḥan' is strictly for describing when an action happens.

أشرب الشاي صباحًا.

نظف أسنانك صباحًا ومساءً.

Arabic has a rich vocabulary for time, and several words are related to صباحًا but carry slightly different shades of meaning. Understanding these can help you sound more natural and precise.
Fajran (فجرًا)
This means 'at dawn' or 'at daybreak'. It is much earlier than a general 'sabāḥan'. It implies the very first light of the day.

يصلي المسلمون فجرًا.

Bukratan (بكرةً)
Used in the Quran and classical Arabic, this means 'early morning'. In some dialects, 'bukra' has shifted to mean 'tomorrow'.

وسبحوه بكرةً وأصيلاً.

Duḥan (ضحىً)
This refers specifically to the late morning, when the sun is high but it is not yet noon. It is often a time for a mid-morning snack or prayer.

نخرج للتنزه وقت الـضحى.

سأصل صباحًا إن شاء الله.

العمل صباحًا أفضل للتركيز.

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

The same root gives us the word 'Misbah' (lamp) because it provides light, just like the morning sun.

Guide de prononciation

UK /sa.baː.ħan/
US /sə.bɑː.hæn/
The stress is on the second syllable: sa-BAA-han.
Rime avec
نجاحًا (najāḥan) فلاحًا (falāḥan) رماحًا (rimāḥan) مباحًا (mubāḥan) جراحًا (jirāḥan) أرواحًا (arwāḥan) وضاحًا (waḍḍāḥan) مصباحًا (miṣbāḥan)
Erreurs fréquentes
  • Pronouncing the 'H' like a soft English 'h' instead of the deep Arabic 'ح'.
  • Ignoring the Tanween at the end and saying 'sabah'.
  • Pronouncing the 'S' like a soft 's' instead of the emphatic 'ص'.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 1/5

Very easy to recognize with the Tanween Alif.

Écriture 2/5

Must remember the Alif and the emphatic 'S'.

Expression orale 2/5

Requires correct pronunciation of the 'H' (ح).

Écoute 1/5

Distinctive 'an' ending makes it easy to spot.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

يوم وقت ساعة أنا في

Apprends ensuite

مساءً ظهرًا عصرًا ليلاً غدًا

Avancé

بكرةً ضحىً غدوةً إصباح فجرًا
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Exemples par niveau

1

أشرب الحليب صباحًا.

I drink milk in the morning.

Sabāḥan is an adverb of time.

2

أستيقظ في الساعة السابعة صباحًا.

I wake up at seven o'clock in the morning.

Use 'sabāḥan' for AM.

3

الجو جميل صباحًا.

The weather is beautiful in the morning.

Adverbs can follow the predicate.

4

أذهب إلى المدرسة صباحًا.

I go to school in the morning.

Verb + Subject + Adverb order.

5

آكل التفاح صباحًا.

I eat apples in the morning.

Simple habitual action.

6

يقرأ أبي الجريدة صباحًا.

My father reads the newspaper in the morning.

Subject 'Abī' followed by the verb and adverb.

7

القطة تنام صباحًا.

The cat sleeps in the morning.

Adverb modifying the verb 'tanām'.

8

ألعب في الحديقة صباحًا.

I play in the garden in the morning.

Prepositional phrase + adverb.

1

أمارس الرياضة كل يوم صباحًا.

I exercise every day in the morning.

'Kulla yawm' expresses frequency.

2

يفتح المكتب في الساعة الثامنة صباحًا.

The office opens at eight o'clock in the morning.

Formal time expression.

3

نحن نأكل الفطور صباحًا مع العائلة.

We eat breakfast in the morning with the family.

Plural subject with adverb.

4

أحب المشي صباحًا عندما يكون الجو باردًا.

I love walking in the morning when the weather is cool.

Complex sentence with 'indamā' (when).

5

تغادر الحافلة المحطة صباحًا.

The bus leaves the station in the morning.

Present tense indicating a scheduled event.

6

هل تشرب القهوة صباحًا أم مساءً؟

Do you drink coffee in the morning or in the evening?

Question comparing two adverbs.

7

يصل البريد دائمًا صباحًا.

The mail always arrives in the morning.

'Dā'iman' (always) used with 'sabāḥan'.

8

أكتب رسائلي صباحًا بتركيز.

I write my letters in the morning with focus.

Adverb of manner 'bi-tarkīz' follows the adverb of time.

1

يجب أن ننهي هذا العمل صباحًا قبل الاجتماع.

We must finish this work in the morning before the meeting.

Modal verb 'yajib' used with a time constraint.

2

عادةً ما أقرأ كتابًا صباحًا في الحديقة.

Usually, I read a book in the morning in the garden.

'Ādatan mā' (usually) adds frequency.

3

سأحضر لك الأوراق صباحًا، لا تقلق.

I will bring you the papers in the morning, don't worry.

Future tense 'sa-' with a promise.

4

كانت المدينة هادئة جدًا صباحًا بعد المطر.

The city was very quiet in the morning after the rain.

Past tense 'kānat' with multiple modifiers.

5

أفضل المذاكرة صباحًا لأن ذهني يكون صافيًا.

I prefer studying in the morning because my mind is clear.

Subordinating conjunction 'li'anna' (because).

6

سافرت الطائرة صباحًا ووصلت في المساء.

The plane traveled in the morning and arrived in the evening.

Contrasting two different times of day.

7

يستيقظ جدي صباحًا باكرًا لسقاية النباتات.

My grandfather wakes up early in the morning to water the plants.

'Sabāḥan bākiran' for 'early morning'.

8

هل يمكنك الاتصال بي غدًا صباحًا؟

Can you call me tomorrow morning?

Combining 'ghadan' (tomorrow) and 'sabāḥan'.

1

يفضل الكثيرون ممارسة التأمل صباحًا لاستعادة التوازن.

Many prefer practicing meditation in the morning to restore balance.

Infinitive 'mumārasah' used as an object.

2

كانت الشمس تشرق صباحًا معلنةً بداية يوم جديد.

The sun was rising in the morning, announcing the start of a new day.

Active participle 'mu'linatan' as a circumstantial clause (Hal).

3

من العادات الصحية شرب الماء الدافئ صباحًا.

One of the healthy habits is drinking warm water in the morning.

Nominal sentence starting with a prepositional phrase.

4

يتجمع الصيادون صباحًا عند الميناء بانتظار العودة.

Fishermen gather in the morning at the port waiting for the return.

Reflexive verb 'yatajamma'u'.

5

تبدو الجبال رائعة الجمال صباحًا حين يغطيها الضباب.

The mountains look wonderfully beautiful in the morning when mist covers them.

Adjective phrase 'rā'i'at al-jamāl'.

6

سأقوم بزيارة المتحف صباحًا لتجنب الزحام.

I will visit the museum in the morning to avoid the crowds.

Future intent with a 'li-' of purpose.

7

أنجزت معظم مهامي صباحًا مما أتاح لي وقتًا للراحة.

I completed most of my tasks in the morning, which allowed me time to rest.

Relative clause 'mimmā' (which/the thing that).

8

كانت رائحة الخبز الطازج تملأ الشارع صباحًا.

The smell of fresh bread was filling the street in the morning.

Imperfect past 'kānat tamla'u'.

1

يتجلى جمال الطبيعة صباحًا في أرقى صوره.

The beauty of nature manifests in the morning in its finest forms.

Sophisticated verb 'yatajallā' (to manifest).

2

لطالما كان الوقت المفضل للكتاب والمفكرين هو صباحًا.

The favorite time for writers and thinkers has always been the morning.

'La-ṭālamā' indicating a long-standing state.

3

تعتبر ساعات العمل صباحًا هي الأكثر إنتاجية في اليوم.

The working hours in the morning are considered the most productive in the day.

Passive verb 'tu'tabaru'.

4

رغم ضجيج المدينة، يظل هناك هدوء نسبي صباحًا.

Despite the city's noise, there remains a relative calm in the morning.

Concessive clause with 'raghma'.

5

ينعكس ضوء الشمس صباحًا على سطح البحيرة كالمرآة.

The sunlight reflects in the morning on the surface of the lake like a mirror.

Simile 'ka-al-mir'āh'.

6

كان صوت الأذان يتردد صباحًا في أرجاء الحي.

The sound of the Adhan was echoing in the morning throughout the neighborhood.

Verb 'yataraddadu' (to echo/recur).

7

تتفتح الأزهار صباحًا لتستقبل خيوط الشمس الأولى.

Flowers bloom in the morning to welcome the first rays of the sun.

Metaphorical 'khuyūṭ ash-shams' (threads of the sun).

8

يعد الاستيقاظ صباحًا فلسفة حياة للناجحين.

Waking up in the morning is considered a life philosophy for successful people.

Gerund 'al-istīqādh' as a subject.

1

في هجيع الليل الأخير وقبيل أن ينبلج الفجر صباحًا، تسكن الروح.

In the last part of the night and just before dawn breaks in the morning, the soul finds peace.

Highly literary 'yanbalija' (to break/dawn).

2

لطالما تغنى الشعراء بالنسيم الذي يهب صباحًا ليحيي القلوب.

Poets have long sung of the breeze that blows in the morning to revive hearts.

Classical structure 'taghannā bi-'.

3

إن العمل صباحًا يورث البركة في الرزق والوقت.

Indeed, working in the morning bequeaths blessing in sustenance and time.

Emphatic 'Inna' and the verb 'yūrithu' (to bequeath).

4

كانت القوافل قديمًا تشد الرحال صباحًا لتفادي لهيب الشمس.

Caravans in ancient times used to set out in the morning to avoid the sun's blaze.

Idiom 'shadda ar-riḥāl' (to set out/prepare for travel).

5

يتسم المشهد صباحًا بمسحة من القدسية والسكينة.

The scene in the morning is characterized by a touch of sanctity and tranquility.

Abstract noun 'qudsiyyah' (sanctity).

6

ما إن تطل خيوط الفجر صباحًا حتى تدب الحياة في الأرجاء.

No sooner do the threads of dawn appear in the morning than life stirs everywhere.

Correlative 'mā in... ḥattā' (no sooner... than).

7

يستشف المرء من نسيم الصبح صباحًا عبق التاريخ والأصالة.

One discerns from the morning breeze in the morning the fragrance of history and authenticity.

Sophisticated verb 'yastashiffu' (to discern/perceive).

8

تظل قيمة الوقت صباحًا كنزًا لا يدركه إلا ذوو الهمم.

The value of time in the morning remains a treasure realized only by those of high resolve.

Exceptive structure 'lā... illā'.

Collocations courantes

الساعة السابعة صباحًا
غدًا صباحًا
يوميًا صباحًا
مبكرًا صباحًا
كل يوم صباحًا
باكرًا جدًا صباحًا
يوم السبت صباحًا
هذا اليوم صباحًا
عادةً صباحًا
دائمًا صباحًا

Phrases Courantes

صباحًا ومساءً

— Morning and evening; all the time.

يجب تنظيف الأسنان صباحًا ومساءً.

منذ الصباح الباكر

— Since early morning.

أنا أعمل منذ الصباح الباكر.

في تمام العاشرة صباحًا

— Exactly at 10:00 AM.

يبدأ البرنامج في تمام العاشرة صباحًا.

نسمات صباحية

— Morning breezes.

أحب استنشاق نسمات صباحية.

قهوة الصباح

— Morning coffee.

لا أستطيع البدء بدون قهوة الصباح.

نور الصباح

— Morning light.

نور الصباح يملأ الغرفة.

أذكار الصباح

— Morning supplications (religious).

قرأت أذكار الصباح اليوم.

تمارين الصباح

— Morning exercises.

تمارين الصباح مفيدة للجسم.

إشراقة الصباح

— Morning radiance/sunrise.

إشراقة الصباح تمنحني الأمل.

لقاء صباحي

— A morning meeting.

لدينا لقاء صباحي كل يوم.

Expressions idiomatiques

"الصباح رباح"

— The morning brings success/profit. Used to encourage early starts.

نم الآن، فالصباح رباح.

Informal/Proverb
"من الفجر"

— From the crack of dawn. Implies starting very early.

هو يعمل من الفجر.

General
"نور الصباح"

— Used as a term of endearment, like 'sunshine'.

أهلاً بك يا نور الصباح.

Informal
"في بكرة أبينا"

— All together (originally related to 'early').

جئنا في بكرة أبينا.

Classical
"أصبحنا وأصبح الملك لله"

— A morning prayer saying 'We have reached the morning and the sovereignty belongs to God'.

أول ما أقوله هو: أصبحنا وأصبح الملك لله.

Religious
"صباحك سكر"

— Your morning is sugar (a sweet greeting).

صباحك سكر يا صديقي.

Poetic/Informal
"ابن يومه"

— Someone who lives for today (literally 'son of his day').

هو رجل ابن يومه.

Literary
"بين عشية وضحاها"

— Overnight; suddenly (literally 'between evening and late morning').

تغير كل شيء بين عشية وضحاها.

Formal
"على ريق النوم"

— On an empty stomach (first thing in the morning).

لا تشرب القهوة على ريق النوم.

Informal
"أول الغيث قطرة"

— The first of the rain is a drop (meaning: things start small, like the morning).

هذا النجاح هو أول الغيث.

General

Famille de mots

Noms

صباح (morning)
مصباح (lamp)
تصبيرة (snack)
إصباح (daybreak)

Verbes

أصبح (to become / to wake up)
صبّح (to greet in the morning)

Adjectifs

صبوحي (morning-related)
صباحي (morning-related)
صبيح (handsome/bright)

Apparenté

فجر
ضحى
شروق
ضوء
نهار
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Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of 'Sun-Beams-Hitting' (S-B-H) your face in the morning.

Association visuelle

Imagine a bright yellow sun rising over the word 'صباحًا' with the Tanween looking like two birds in the sky.

Word Web

Sun Light Breakfast AM Clock Routine Dawn Wake up

Défi

Try to use 'sabāḥan' in three sentences today describing your routine to a friend.

Origine du mot

From the Arabic root S-B-H (ص-ب-ح).

Sens originel : Relating to light, brightness, and the color red/glow of dawn.

Semitic (Afroasiatic).

Contexte culturel

No specific sensitivities; it is a neutral, temporal term.

In English, we use 'AM', but in Arabic, 'sabāḥan' is used even in casual conversation to specify the time.

'Sabah' was a famous Lebanese singer whose name means 'Morning'. The 'Adhan' (call to prayer) for Fajr mentions that prayer is better than sleep. 'Sabah al-khayr' is the universal morning greeting across all Arab countries.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Scheduling

  • في أي ساعة صباحًا؟
  • موعدنا صباحًا.
  • قبل العاشرة صباحًا.
  • بعد الفجر صباحًا.

Habits

  • أنا نشيط صباحًا.
  • أقرأ صباحًا.
  • أشرب الشاي صباحًا.
  • أجري صباحًا.

Travel

  • الرحلة صباحًا.
  • يصل القطار صباحًا.
  • المغادرة صباحًا.
  • التجمع صباحًا.

Weather

  • الجو بارد صباحًا.
  • الضباب كثيف صباحًا.
  • الشمس مشرقة صباحًا.
  • نسيم بارد صباحًا.

Work

  • اجتماع صباحًا.
  • دوامي يبدأ صباحًا.
  • أرسل التقرير صباحًا.
  • نعمل صباحًا.

Amorces de conversation

"ماذا تفعل عادةً صباحًا؟"

"هل تحب الاستيقاظ صباحًا باكرًا؟"

"أي ساعة تستيقظ صباحًا في عطلة نهاية الأسبوع؟"

"هل تشرب القهوة أم الشاي صباحًا؟"

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