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A2 verb #1,800 le plus courant 12 min de lecture

ينفق

yunfiqu Top 1,800

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces ينفق en 30 secondes

Explication ينفق in your Level:

At the A1 level, learners are just beginning to navigate basic daily interactions, such as shopping, ordering food, and talking about simple possessions. While the primary words for money (فلوس / نقود) and buying (يشتري) are introduced first, the verb ينفق (yunfiqu) is introduced as a slightly more formal but highly necessary word for 'to spend'. At this stage, the focus is purely on the literal, financial meaning. Learners are taught to associate this verb with the action of giving money in exchange for goods. The grammatical focus is kept simple: recognizing the present tense forms for 'I spend' (أنفق), 'he spends' (ينفق), and 'she spends' (تنفق). Teachers often use highly visual aids, like showing a person handing over cash for groceries, to solidify the meaning. The essential preposition على (ala - on) is introduced immediately, so learners practice phrases like 'I spend money on food' (أنفق المال على الطعام). The goal at A1 is not to master the complex Form IV conjugations, but simply to recognize the word when it is spoken or written in simple texts, and to use it in basic, declarative sentences about daily habits. It serves as a stepping stone to understanding more complex financial vocabulary later on.

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At the A2 level, the learner's ability to describe routines and past events expands, and the use of ينفق becomes more sophisticated. Learners are now expected to conjugate the verb across different pronouns in both the present and past tenses (أنفقَ - he spent). The context widens from simple market transactions to discussing personal budgets, monthly expenses, and general spending habits. For example, a learner might write a short paragraph about how they manage their salary: 'I spend a lot on rent, and I spend a little on clothes.' The distinction between ينفق (to spend generally) and يدفع (to pay a specific bill) is explicitly taught at this level to prevent common errors. Furthermore, learners start encountering the word in simple reading comprehension texts, such as short news snippets about the economy or advertisements. The negative forms (لا ينفق, لم ينفق) are practiced to express what one does *not* spend money on, which is crucial for expressing preferences and financial limitations. The introduction of basic adverbs, like spending 'a lot' (كثيراً) or 'a little' (قليلاً), allows for more descriptive and nuanced communication about financial behavior.

Reaching the B1 level marks a transition towards intermediate fluency, where learners can handle more abstract concepts and longer discussions. The verb ينفق is now used in broader social and cultural contexts. Learners discuss topics like government spending on education or healthcare, moving beyond just personal finance. The verbal noun (masdar) الإنفاق (spending/expenditure) is introduced, allowing learners to form complex noun phrases like 'public spending' (الإنفاق العام). At this stage, the cultural and religious nuances of the word are explored. Learners might read texts about the concept of charity (Zakat and Sadaqah) in the Arab world and how ينفق is used in the Quran to denote giving to the poor. Metaphorical uses also begin to appear; learners practice phrases like 'spending time' (ينفق وقتاً) or 'spending effort' (ينفق جهداً) on hobbies or studies. The grammar focus shifts to conditional sentences ('If you spend wisely, you will save') and expressing opinions about consumerism and financial responsibility. The vocabulary network around the word expands to include synonyms and antonyms, enabling learners to express themselves with greater variety and precision in both spoken debates and written essays.

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At the B2 level, learners are expected to understand and produce complex, detailed texts on a wide range of subjects. The verb ينفق is utilized in sophisticated economic, political, and social discussions. Learners engage with authentic materials, such as news articles, opinion pieces, and financial reports, where terms like ترشيد الإنفاق (rationalizing expenditure) or الإنفاق الاستهلاكي (consumer spending) are common. The ability to argue for or against certain spending policies becomes a key competency. For instance, a learner might write an essay debating whether a government should spend more on infrastructure or social services. The nuances between various synonyms (يصرف, يدفع, يستهلك, يبذل) are mastered, allowing the speaker to choose the exact word that fits the register and tone of the conversation. Furthermore, the legal and familial concept of نفقة (Nafaqah - financial support/alimony) is understood within the context of family law and social obligations in the Arab world. Learners at this level can comfortably navigate both the highly formal MSA used in academic writing and the slightly relaxed but still standard Arabic used in professional environments when discussing budgets and resource allocation.

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The C1 level represents advanced proficiency, where the learner can express ideas fluently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions. The use of ينفق at this level is characterized by a deep understanding of its etymology, its various derivatives, and its subtle connotations in classical and modern literature. Learners can effortlessly comprehend complex financial analyses and macroeconomic theories presented in Arabic. They use advanced collocations and idiomatic expressions related to spending. The focus is on rhetorical effectiveness; a C1 speaker knows how to use ينفق to emphasize a point, perhaps contrasting the noble act of 'spending in the way of goodness' with the negative traits of hoarding or extravagance. They can analyze poetry or classical texts where the verb is used metaphorically to describe the spending of one's youth or life force. The passive voice (يُنْفَق - is spent) is used naturally in formal reports. At this stage, the learner's vocabulary is virtually indistinguishable from an educated native speaker in terms of breadth, and they can engage in high-level academic or professional discourse regarding fiscal policies, corporate finance, and socio-economic issues using the root ن-ف-ق and all its derivations with complete accuracy.

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At the C2 level, the highest level of language mastery, the learner possesses a comprehensive, near-native command of the Arabic language. The verb ينفق and its entire morphological family are used with absolute precision across all possible registers, from the most archaic classical poetry to cutting-edge financial technology jargon. A C2 user understands the historical evolution of the root ن-ف-ق, recognizing how its original meaning of 'passing through' or 'depleting' evolved into the modern concepts of expenditure and even hypocrisy (نفاق - nifaq, derived from the same root, conceptualized as showing one thing while hiding another, like a tunnel with two exits). They can effortlessly critique complex economic treatises, draft formal government budgets in Arabic, or deliver eloquent speeches on the philosophy of wealth and charity. They play with the language, using the verb in highly creative, metaphorical ways that demonstrate a profound mastery of Arabic rhetoric (Balagha). The distinction between ينفق and its synonyms is not just understood but utilized to create specific stylistic effects in writing and speech. At this level, the word is a fully integrated tool in a vast, sophisticated linguistic repertoire, used to convey the most subtle shades of meaning in any conceivable context.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

ينفق en 30 secondes

Means 'to spend' money, time, or effort.
Form IV verb, root is ن-ف-ق (n-f-q).
Always use the preposition على (on) for the target.
Highly common in news, finance, and religious texts.

The Arabic verb ينفق (yunfiqu) is a fundamental vocabulary item that translates primarily to 'to spend' or 'to pay out' in English. It is a Form IV verb derived from the root letters ن-ف-ق (n-f-q), which historically carries connotations of something passing through, being depleted, or moving out of a state of possession. When you use this verb, you are typically referring to the act of disbursing money, resources, time, or effort for a specific purpose, whether that purpose is buying daily necessities, investing in a project, or supporting a charitable cause. Understanding the depth of this word requires looking at its various applications in both modern standard Arabic and classical texts. In everyday conversation, while dialects might use words like يصرف (yasrif) or يدفع (yadfa'), ينفق remains highly understood and is the standard term used in news broadcasts, financial reports, and formal writing. The concept of spending in Arabic culture is deeply intertwined with concepts of generosity, responsibility, and economic participation.

Literal Meaning: To cause something to pass away or be depleted, specifically referring to wealth or resources being distributed or utilized.

الرجل ينفق ماله بحكمة.

Beyond just financial transactions, the word can be used metaphorically. For instance, one can spend time (ينفق وقته) or effort (ينفق جهده) on a task, although these metaphorical uses are sometimes shared with other verbs like يبذل (yabdhul) for effort or يقضي (yaqdi) for time. However, in formal and literary contexts, using ينفق for time and effort elevates the register of the speech, making it sound more eloquent and profound. The Form IV structure (أفعل - يفعل) inherently implies a causative action; you are causing the money to be spent or distributed. This is a crucial grammatical point for learners at the A2 and B1 levels to grasp, as it helps in understanding how Arabic verb forms alter the root meaning.

Financial Context: Used extensively in economics to denote expenditure, whether public (government spending) or private (consumer spending).

الحكومة تنفق الملايين على التعليم.

Furthermore, the word has a strong presence in Islamic literature, particularly the Quran, where the concept of الإنفاق (al-infaq) - spending in the way of God - is a recurring theme. This gives the word a moral and ethical dimension that transcends mere commercial exchange. When someone is described as one who spends (منفق), it often carries a positive connotation of generosity and fulfilling one's social and religious duties, contrasting sharply with hoarding (الكنز) or stinginess (البخل). To truly master this word, learners should practice it in various tenses and with different subjects. The present tense ينفق (he spends) changes to تنفق (she spends/you spend), أنفق (I spend), and ننفق (we spend). The past tense is أنفق (anfaqa), and the imperative is أنفق (anfiq).

Social Context: Refers to the responsibility of providing for a family, known as 'Nafaqah', which is derived from the same root.

الأب ينفق على أسرته.

الطالب ينفق مصروفه في المكتبة.

هي تنفق الكثير من الوقت في القراءة.

In summary, ينفق is a versatile, culturally rich, and highly frequent verb that every Arabic learner must acquire early on. Its usage spans from the most mundane daily purchases to the highest levels of macroeconomic policy and spiritual discourse. By integrating this word into your active vocabulary, you unlock a significant portion of Arabic expression related to commerce, ethics, and daily life.

Using the verb ينفق correctly involves understanding its grammatical structure, its common collocations, and the prepositions it typically pairs with. As a Form IV verb, its conjugation follows a predictable pattern that is essential for learners to memorize. The most critical grammatical feature to remember is that when you want to specify what the money or resource is being spent on, you must use the preposition على (ala), which translates to 'on' or 'upon'. For example, 'He spends money on books' is translated as ينفق المال على الكتب. This structure is non-negotiable in formal Arabic and is highly consistent across various contexts.

Basic Syntax: Subject + ينفق + Object (Money/Resource) + على + Target of Spending.

أنا أنفق راتبي على الإيجار.

When conjugating the verb in the present tense (المضارع), the prefixes take a damma (u sound): يُنْفِقُ (yunfiqu), تُنْفِقُ (tunfiqu), أُنْفِقُ (unfiqu), نُنْفِقُ (nunfiqu). This is a hallmark of Form IV verbs and distinguishes them from Form I verbs. In the past tense (الماضي), the verb is أَنْفَقَ (anfaqa). The verbal noun or masdar, which means 'spending' or 'expenditure', is إِنْفاق (infaq). Knowing the masdar is incredibly useful because it allows you to use the concept as a noun, such as in the phrase الإنفاق الحكومي (government spending) or الإنفاق الاستهلاكي (consumer spending).

Advanced Usage: Using the masdar (إنفاق) in construct states (إضافة) to create complex financial terms.

الشركة تنفق أرباحها في التطوير.

It is also important to note the negative forms. To say 'does not spend' in the present tense, use لا (la) before the verb: لا يُنْفِقُ (la yunfiqu). For the past tense 'did not spend', you can use ما (ma) with the past verb: ما أَنْفَقَ (ma anfaqa), or more formally, لم (lam) with the jussive present: لم يُنْفِقْ (lam yunfiq). The imperative form, used to command someone to spend, is أَنْفِقْ (anfiq) for a male, أَنْفِقِي (anfiqi) for a female, and أَنْفِقُوا (anfiqu) for a plural group. This imperative form is frequently encountered in religious texts encouraging charity. Let's look at some common adverbs and phrases that accompany this verb. You might hear ينفق بسخاء (spends generously), ينفق بإسراف (spends extravagantly/wastefully), or ينفق بحذر (spends cautiously). These modifiers add crucial detail to the action, allowing the speaker to express judgment or objective observation about the spending habits of the subject.

Metaphorical Usage: Applying the verb to non-tangible assets like time, energy, or emotions.

نحن ننفق طاقاتنا في العمل.

المرأة تنفق من مالها الخاص.

هم ينفقون أموالهم في سبيل الخير.

In conditional sentences, such as 'If you spend, you will get...', the verb fits perfectly into standard Arabic conditional structures: إذا أنفقتَ مالك بحكمة، ستوفر للمستقبل (If you spend your money wisely, you will save for the future). Mastering these various syntactic environments ensures that the learner can use ينفق fluently and accurately across a wide range of communicative situations, from simple market interactions to complex debates about economic policy.

The verb ينفق is ubiquitous in the Arabic-speaking world, bridging the gap between highly formal classical Arabic and the everyday realities of modern life. Because it deals with the universal concept of spending resources, its applications are vast and varied. You will encounter this word in almost every sphere of communication, making it an indispensable part of your Arabic vocabulary arsenal. One of the most prominent places you will hear ينفق is in news broadcasts and financial reporting. When journalists discuss national budgets, economic policies, or corporate investments, this verb is the standard terminology.

News Media: Used daily in economic bulletins to describe government budgets, corporate expenditures, and consumer habits.

الدولة تنفق ميزانية ضخمة على الصحة.

Beyond the news, the word is deeply embedded in religious and cultural discourse. In Friday sermons (Khutbah), religious lectures, and Quranic recitations, the concept of spending for the sake of God (الإنفاق في سبيل الله) is a central theme. Here, the word transcends mere financial transaction and enters the realm of spiritual investment and moral duty. The Quran frequently uses derivatives of this root to encourage charity, support for orphans, and the maintenance of family ties through financial support. This gives the word a resonance that commands respect and attention in traditional settings.

Religious Context: Frequently used in Islamic texts to denote charity, almsgiving, and the moral obligation to share wealth.

المؤمن ينفق مما رزقه الله.

In everyday family life, the verb is used to discuss household budgets and the responsibilities of the breadwinner. The term نفقة (nafaqah), derived from the same root, refers specifically to the financial support a husband is legally and culturally obligated to provide for his wife and children. Therefore, discussions about marriage, divorce, and family law frequently involve the verb ينفق. You might hear someone say, 'He spends all his salary on his children' (ينفق كل راتبه على أطفاله), highlighting the social expectation of familial provision. In educational settings, teachers might use the word metaphorically to advise students. A teacher might say, 'Spend your time studying, not playing' (أنفق وقتك في الدراسة وليس في اللعب). This metaphorical extension shows the flexibility of the word. Furthermore, in literature and poetry, spending one's life, tears, or youth are common tropes that utilize this verb to express deep emotion and sacrifice.

Everyday Conversation: Used when discussing shopping habits, daily expenses, and personal financial management.

السائح ينفق الكثير في الأسواق.

الشباب ينفقون أموالهم على الترفيه.

لا تنفق أكثر مما تكسب.

Whether you are reading a formal economic report, listening to a religious sermon, or just chatting with friends about the cost of living, ينفق is a word that will constantly appear. Its ability to convey both the mundane act of buying groceries and the profound act of spiritual charity makes it a fascinating and essential component of the Arabic language.

When learning the Arabic verb ينفق, students often encounter several pitfalls related to grammar, preposition usage, and vocabulary confusion. Because the concept of 'spending' translates to multiple words in Arabic depending on the dialect and exact context, choosing the right word and structuring the sentence correctly requires attention to detail. One of the most frequent mistakes is using the wrong preposition. In English, we say we spend money 'on' something. Fortunately, Arabic aligns well here, using على (ala). However, learners sometimes incorrectly use في (fi - in) or لـ (li - for) due to interference from other languages or literal translations of phrases like 'invest in'.

Preposition Error: Incorrectly using 'في' instead of 'على' when specifying the target of the expenditure.

الصواب: ينفق على التعليم. (الخطأ: ينفق في التعليم)

Another major area of confusion is distinguishing between ينفق and other verbs related to money, specifically يدفع (yadfa' - to pay) and يصرف (yasrif - to spend/exchange). While يدفع focuses on the transaction of handing over money to settle a debt or buy a specific item (e.g., paying the bill), ينفق has a broader scope, referring to the general depletion of resources or a budget over time. You pay (يدفع) the cashier, but you spend (ينفق) your salary over the month. Mixing these up can make a sentence sound unnatural to a native speaker.

Vocabulary Confusion: Using ينفق when يدفع (to pay a specific bill or person) is more appropriate.

هو ينفق ثروته ببطء.

Grammatically, because ينفق is a Form IV verb, learners often mispronounce the present tense prefixes. Instead of the correct damma (u sound) as in يُنْفِقُ (yunfiqu), they might use a fatha (a sound) like يَنْفِقُ (yanfiqu), treating it as a Form I verb. This changes the word entirely; the Form I verb نَفَقَ (nafaqa) means 'to die' (usually referring to animals) or 'to sell well' (referring to goods). Therefore, mispronouncing the first vowel can lead to a completely different and sometimes morbid meaning! Furthermore, learners sometimes struggle with the metaphorical use of the word. While it is perfectly acceptable to say ينفق وقته (he spends his time) in formal Arabic, using it in casual, dialectal conversation might sound overly dramatic or archaic. In dialects, people usually use يقضي (yaqdi) or يضيع (yudayyi' - if wasting) for time. Knowing the register—when to use formal MSA versus dialect—is crucial for sounding natural.

Register Mismatch: Using the highly formal ينفق in a very casual, street-level conversation where a dialect word would be expected.

المدير ينفق ميزانية القسم.

الجمعية تنفق التبرعات على الفقراء.

نحن لا ننفق المال على أشياء غير ضرورية.

By being aware of these common mistakes—correct preposition usage, distinguishing from similar verbs, accurate pronunciation of the Form IV prefix, and understanding the appropriate register—learners can confidently and accurately incorporate ينفق into their Arabic communication.

The Arabic language is incredibly rich in vocabulary related to commerce, finance, and the exchange of resources. Consequently, there are several words that share semantic similarities with ينفق. Understanding the nuances between these synonyms is key to achieving fluency and precision in expression. The most common synonyms are يصرف (yasrif), يدفع (yadfa'), يستهلك (yastahlik), and يبذل (yabdhul). Each of these carries a slightly different shade of meaning and is used in specific contexts.

يصرف (Yasrif): This is perhaps the closest synonym in everyday use. It means to spend, but it also carries the meaning of exchanging money (like currency exchange) or dismissing someone. It is highly common in spoken dialects.

هو ينفق (أو يصرف) راتبه بسرعة.

Another crucial word to compare is يدفع (yadfa'). As mentioned in the common mistakes section, يدفع strictly means 'to pay' or 'to push'. You use it when there is a specific transaction, a bill, or a recipient. You pay the driver (تدفع للسائق), but you spend your budget (تنفق ميزانيتك). The focus of يدفع is the transfer of funds to settle an obligation, whereas ينفق focuses on the depletion of the funds from the spender's perspective.

يدفع (Yadfa'): To pay a specific amount for a good or service, or to settle a debt. It emphasizes the transaction rather than the general act of spending.

الشركة تنفق الملايين، وتدفع رواتب الموظفين.

The verb يستهلك (yastahlik) translates to 'to consume'. While spending money is a form of consumption, يستهلك is broader and often applies to physical goods, energy, or resources. You consume electricity (تستهلك الكهرباء) or food. In economic terms, consumer spending is often linked to this root (الاستهلاك). It lacks the charitable or moral connotations that ينفق can sometimes carry. Finally, the verb يبذل (yabdhul) means to exert, give generously, or sacrifice. It is often used with effort (يبذل جهداً) or money in a highly noble, sacrificial context. While you can say يبذل ماله (he gives his money generously), it sounds much more poetic and intense than simply saying ينفق ماله.

يبذل (Yabdhul): To exert effort or give wealth generously and sacrificially. Often used in highly formal or literary contexts.

هو ينفق ماله، ويبذل جهده لنجاح المشروع.

الأسرة تنفق على الطعام أكثر من الترفيه.

المؤسسة تنفق ميزانيتها بمسؤولية.

By mapping out these similar words, learners can build a more sophisticated mental dictionary. Instead of just knowing one word for 'spend', you now have a spectrum of vocabulary ranging from the transactional (يدفع) to the everyday (يصرف), the formal and comprehensive (ينفق), the consumptive (يستهلك), and the sacrificial (يبذل). This level of nuance is what separates an intermediate learner from an advanced speaker.

How Formal Is It?

Niveau de difficulté

Grammaire à connaître

Form IV Verb Conjugation (أفعل - يفعل)

Prepositional phrases with verbs (الفعل المتعدي بحرف جر)

The Masdar (Verbal Noun) usage as a subject/object

Conditional sentences (إذا أنفقت... فـ)

Negative particles with present and past verbs (لا، لم، ما)

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Exemples par niveau

أنا أنفق المال في السوق.

I spend money in the market.

Present tense, first person singular (أنفق).

هو ينفق كثيراً.

He spends a lot.

Present tense, third person masculine singular.

هي تنفق المال على الطعام.

She spends money on food.

Use of the preposition على (on).

نحن ننفق المال اليوم.

We are spending money today.

Present tense, first person plural.

لا أنفق المال على الحلوى.

I do not spend money on candy.

Negative present tense using لا.

الرجل ينفق ماله.

The man spends his money.

Subject-Verb-Object structure.

أين تنفق مالك؟

Where do you spend your money?

Question formulation with أين (where).

أنفق عشرة دولارات.

I spend ten dollars.

Using numbers with the verb.

أنفقتُ كل راتبي أمس.

I spent all my salary yesterday.

Past tense, first person singular (أنفقتُ).

هم ينفقون المال على السفر.

They spend money on travel.

Present tense, third person plural (ينفقون).

لم أنفق شيئاً اليوم.

I didn't spend anything today.

Negative past meaning using لم + jussive.

يجب أن تنفق بحكمة.

You must spend wisely.

Verb following يجب أن (must) in subjunctive.

كم تنفق في الشهر؟

How much do you spend per month?

Question with كم (how much).

هي أنفقت الكثير على الملابس.

She spent a lot on clothes.

Past tense, third person feminine singular.

لا تنفق أكثر من اللازم.

Do not spend more than necessary.

Negative imperative (prohibition).

الأسرة تنفق على الإيجار.

The family spends on rent.

Collective noun subject with singular feminine verb.

الحكومة تنفق ميزانية كبيرة على التعليم.

The government spends a large budget on education.

Formal vocabulary integration (ميزانية, حكومة).

إذا أنفقت مالك الآن، فلن تجد شيئاً غداً.

If you spend your money now, you won't find anything tomorrow.

Conditional sentence structure (إذا... فـ).

من المهم أن ننفق أوقاتنا في أشياء مفيدة.

It is important that we spend our time on useful things.

Metaphorical use of spending time.

الشركات تنفق الملايين على الإعلانات.

Companies spend millions on advertisements.

Plural non-human subject taking singular feminine verb (تنفق).

قرر أن ينفق جزءاً من أرباحه في الخير.

He decided to spend a part of his profits on charity.

Verb following قرر أن (decided to).

الإنفاق الزائد يؤدي إلى الديون.

Excessive spending leads to debts.

Using the masdar (الإنفاق) as a noun subject.

كان ينفق بسخاء على ضيوفه.

He used to spend generously on his guests.

Past continuous meaning using كان + present verb.

أنفقوا أموالكم في ما ينفعكم.

Spend your money on what benefits you.

Plural imperative form (أنفقوا).

يتطلب المشروع أن تنفق الإدارة موارد إضافية.

The project requires the management to spend additional resources.

Subjunctive mood after يتطلب أن.

ترشيد الإنفاق أصبح ضرورة اقتصادية ملحة.

Rationalizing expenditure has become an urgent economic necessity.

Advanced construct state (ترشيد الإنفاق).

على الرغم من الأزمة، استمرت الدولة في الإنفاق على البنية التحتية.

Despite the crisis, the state continued spending on infrastructure.

Using the masdar after a preposition (في الإنفاق).

يُنفق الكثير من الجهد في محاولة إقناع المستهلكين.

A lot of effort is spent trying to convince consumers.

Passive voice present tense (يُنْفَق).

المواطن الواعي لا ينفق ماله في الكماليات فقط.

The conscious citizen does not spend his money only on luxuries.

Complex sentence with adjectives and exceptions.

تعهدت المؤسسة بأن تنفق العوائد على الأبحاث الطبية.

The foundation pledged to spend the returns on medical research.

Verb following تعهدت بأن.

كلما زاد الدخل، زاد ما ينفقه الفرد عادة.

The more the income increases, the more the individual usually spends.

Correlative comparative structure (كلما... زاد).

أُنفقت مبالغ طائلة دون تحقيق النتائج المرجوة.

Huge amounts were spent without achieving the desired results.

Passive voice past tense (أُنفِقَت).

إن سياسة التقشف تهدف إلى الحد من الأموال التي تنفقها الدولة عبثاً.

The austerity policy aims to limit the funds the state spends in vain.

Relative clause with a resumptive pronoun (تنفقها).

الإنفاق الاستهلاكي المفرط يُعد مؤشراً على خلل في الوعي المالي.

Excessive consumer spending is considered an indicator of a flaw in financial awareness.

Highly formal academic vocabulary and phrasing.

لم يكتفِ بإنفاق ماله، بل أنفق زهرة شبابه في خدمة هذه القضية.

He was not content with spending his money, but he spent the prime of his youth serving this cause.

Poetic/metaphorical use of the verb (أنفق زهرة شبابه).

تتباين معدلات الإنفاق الحكومي تبايناً صارخاً بين الدول المتقدمة والنامية.

Government spending rates contrast starkly between developed and developing countries.

Use of absolute object (مفعول مطلق) for emphasis.

يُشترط في المانح ألا يَمُنَّ بما أنفق على المحتاجين.

It is required of the donor not to boast about what he has spent on the needy.

Complex religious/ethical phrasing.

تمت إعادة هيكلة الميزانية لضمان أن تُنفق الأموال في مساراتها الصحيحة.

The budget was restructured to ensure that funds are spent in their correct paths.

Passive subjunctive (أن تُنفق).

الاستثمار الحقيقي هو ما يُنفق في تطوير العقول البشرية.

True investment is what is spent on developing human minds.

Philosophical statement using passive voice.

تتجه السياسات النقدية نحو تحفيز الإنفاق لإنعاش الاقتصاد الراكد.

Monetary policies are heading towards stimulating spending to revive the stagnant economy.

Advanced economic terminology.

لقد تجلى كرمه الحاتمي في الكيفية التي كان ينفق بها ذات اليمين وذات الشمال دونما اكتراث.

His Hatim-like generosity was manifested in the way he would spend right and left without any concern.

Use of classical idioms (ذات اليمين وذات الشمال) and cultural references (Hatim).

إن العجز المالي المتفاقم هو نتاج حتمي لسنوات من الإنفاق غير الرشيد الذي افتقر إلى أدنى درجات الحوكمة.

The worsening financial deficit is an inevitable product of years of irrational spending that lacked the lowest degrees of governance.

Highly complex syntactic structure with abstract nouns.

لا غرو أن من ينفق عمره في ملاحقة السراب سيستيقظ يوماً على حصاد من الهشيم.

No wonder that whoever spends his life chasing a mirage will wake up one day to a harvest of stubble.

Deeply literary and metaphorical expression.

تتطلب المرحلة الراهنة كبح جماح الإنفاق الاستعراضي الذي استشرى في أوساط الطبقات المخملية.

The current phase requires curbing the ostentatious spending that has spread among the velvet classes.

Advanced sociological and economic critique vocabulary.

أفاض الكاتب في تحليل السيكولوجية الكامنة وراء النزعة الاستهلاكية، مبيناً كيف يُنفق المرء ليعوض نقصاً عاطفياً.

The author elaborated on analyzing the psychology underlying consumerism, showing how one spends to compensate for an emotional void.

Academic psychological analysis phrasing.

إن المخصصات التي أُنفقت على هذا القطاع الحيوي لا تتناسب البتة مع حجم التحديات الجسام التي يواجهها.

The allocations spent on this vital sector are absolutely disproportionate to the magnitude of the immense challenges it faces.

Formal bureaucratic and critical language.

لقد أضحى جلياً أن استدامة النمو مرهونة بتوجيه الإنفاق نحو قطاعات الابتكار واقتصاد المعرفة.

It has become clear that the sustainability of growth is contingent upon directing expenditure towards innovation sectors and the knowledge economy.

Contemporary macroeconomic policy jargon.

وما فتئ المصلحون يحذرون من مغبة الإنفاق التبذيري الذي ينخر في عظام الاقتصاد الوطني كما ينخر السوس في الخشب.

Reformers have not ceased warning against the consequences of wasteful spending that gnaws at the bones of the national economy as woodworms gnaw at wood.

Use of classical simile and elevated rhetorical devices.

Synonymes

يصرف يدفع يستهلك يبذل يشتري يمول يكلف يضيع

Antonymes

يدخر يوفر يكتنز يبخل

Collocations courantes

ينفق المال

ينفق الوقت

ينفق بسخاء

ينفق بإسراف

ينفق بحكمة

الإنفاق الحكومي

الإنفاق العام

ترشيد الإنفاق

ينفق في سبيل الله

ينفق على الأسرة

Phrases Courantes

ينفق كل ما يملك

ينفق عن سعة

لا ينفق قرشاً

ينفق يميناً ويساراً

ينفق من جيبه الخاص

ينفق الغالي والنفيس

ينفق بلا حساب

ينفق في وجوه الخير

ينفق طاقته

ينفق ميزانية ضخمة

Souvent confondu avec

ينفق vs يدفع (to pay) - Yadfa' is for specific transactions/bills; Yunfiqu is for general spending/depletion.

ينفق vs يصرف (to spend/exchange) - Yasrif is more colloquial and can also mean to exchange currency.

ينفق vs يستهلك (to consume) - Yastahlik is for using up physical goods (food, energy), not just money.

Expressions idiomatiques

"ينفق ذات اليمين وذات الشمال"

"ينفق الغالي والنفيس"

"يصرف فلوسه في الهواء"

"يشتري سمك في ماء"

"يبذر أمواله تبذيراً"

"يفتح محفظته على مصراعيها"

"يصرف ما في الجيب يأتيك ما في الغيب"

"ينفق عن ظهر قلب"

"ينفق بغير حساب"

"يعطي بلا حدود"

Facile à confondre

ينفق vs

Structures de phrases

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Comment l'utiliser

nuances

Implies a depletion of a resource. When used with time or effort, it elevates the poetic or formal tone of the sentence.

formality

Highly formal but universally understood. Essential for reading and news.

colloquial equivalents

يصرف (yasrif) is the dominant colloquial equivalent across most Arab regions.

Erreurs courantes

Using في (in) instead of على (on) when stating what is bought.
Pronouncing it with a fatha (يَنْفِق - yanfiqu) instead of a damma (يُنْفِق - yunfiqu).
Using ينفق when handing money to a cashier (should use يدفع - yadfa').
Using the highly formal ينفق in very casual, dialect-heavy conversations.
Confusing the active participle منفق (spender) with the passive participle منفق (spent) by mispronouncing the short vowel.

Astuces

Preposition Mastery

Always link ينفق with على in your mind. Create flashcards that say 'ينفق على' rather than just the verb alone to build automaticity.

Mind the Vowels

The difference between 'he spends' and 'it dies' (for an animal) is just the first vowel. Practice saying YUN-fiqu clearly to avoid awkward mistakes.

Learn the Masdar

Memorize the noun form إنفاق (infaq). It is incredibly useful for reading news articles about the economy and writing formal essays.

Formal vs Informal

Use ينفق in your writing and formal presentations. If you are chatting with a friend at a cafe, switch to يصرف (yasrif) to sound more natural.

News Context

Scan Arabic financial news websites. You will see this word and its derivatives multiple times on the front page, which is great for reading practice.

Adverb Pairings

Learn it with adverbs: ينفق بحكمة (wisely), ينفق بسخاء (generously), ينفق بإسراف (extravagantly). This makes your sentences much richer.

Religious Texts

If you read the Quran or Islamic literature, look out for this root. It is central to the concept of charity and social responsibility in Islam.

Conditional Sentences

Practice writing 'If... then' sentences with this verb. 'If I spend X, I will have Y left.' It's a great way to practice logic and grammar simultaneously.

Budget Reports

Watch a news segment about a national budget. Count how many times you hear forms of ينفق or إنفاق. It trains your ear to catch the root.

Contrast with Yadfa'

Write two sentences side by side: one using ينفق (spending a budget) and one using يدفع (paying a bill) to solidify the difference in your mind.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Imagine you UN-FIx your money from your wallet to spend it. YUN-FI-qu = Un-fix money to spend.

Origine du mot

Classical Arabic

Contexte culturel

Formal/Standard (MSA) but widely understood.

Avoid using the Form I 'nafaqa' (نفق) when talking about people, as it means 'to die' (usually for animals). Always use the Form IV 'anfaqa/yunfiqu' for spending.

In daily dialects, 'yasrif' (يصرف) is more common in the Levant and Egypt, while 'yunfiq' is reserved for news, writing, and formal speech.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Amorces de conversation

"كم تنفق عادة على التسوق في الشهر؟ (How much do you usually spend on shopping per month?)"

"هل تعتقد أن الحكومة تنفق ما يكفي على التعليم؟ (Do you think the government spends enough on education?)"

"في رأيك، ما هو أسوأ شيء يمكن أن تنفق مالك عليه؟ (In your opinion, what is the worst thing you can spend your money on?)"

"كيف يمكننا ترشيد الإنفاق في المنزل؟ (How can we rationalize spending at home?)"

"هل تفضل أن تنفق مالك على السفر أم على شراء أشياء مادية؟ (Do you prefer to spend your money on travel or buying material things?)"

Sujets d'écriture

اكتب عن شيء أنفقت عليه الكثير من المال وندمت عليه. (Write about something you spent a lot of money on and regretted.)

كيف تخطط لإنفاق راتبك أو مصروفك الشهر القادم؟ (How do you plan to spend your salary or allowance next month?)

تحدث عن أهمية الإنفاق في وجوه الخير ومساعدة الآخرين. (Talk about the importance of spending on good causes and helping others.)

قارن بين عادات الإنفاق في الماضي والحاضر. (Compare spending habits in the past and present.)

لو كان لديك مليون دولار، في ماذا ستنفقها؟ (If you had a million dollars, what would you spend it on?)

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

Yes, you can say ينفق وقته (he spends his time). However, this is considered highly formal or literary. In everyday conversation, people usually use يقضي (yaqdi) for spending time.

ينفق (yunfiqu) means to spend a budget or resources generally over time. يدفع (yadfa') means to pay a specific person or bill. You spend (ينفق) your salary, but you pay (يدفع) the cashier.

Because it is a Form IV verb (أفعل). All Form IV verbs in Arabic take a damma ('u' sound) on the present tense prefix. This distinguishes it from Form I verbs.

When talking about spending money on items or services, always use على (ala). For example, ينفق على التعليم (spends on education). You only use في in specific metaphorical phrases like ينفق في سبيل الله (spends in the way of God).

It is understood by everyone, but in casual street language, people usually say يصرف (yasrif). ينفق is used when speaking formally, reading the news, or discussing serious financial matters.

The verbal noun (masdar) is إنفاق (infaq), which means spending or expenditure. Another related noun is نفقة (nafaqah), which means financial support or alimony.

The imperative form is أنفق (anfiq) for a male, أنفقي (anfiqi) for a female, and أنفقوا (anfiqu) for a group. Make sure to pronounce the hamza at the beginning clearly.

Yes, saying ينفق جهده (he spends his effort) is a beautiful, formal way to express that someone is exerting a lot of energy into a task or project.

In Islamic and Arab family law, Nafaqah refers to the financial support that a husband or father is legally obligated to provide for his wife and children, covering food, clothing, and shelter.

The standard term used in news and economics is الإنفاق الحكومي (al-infaq al-hukumi) or الإنفاق العام (al-infaq al-aam - public spending).

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