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B1 adverb 14 min de lecture

por ejemplo

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces por ejemplo en 30 secondes

Explication por ejemplo in your Level:

At the A1 level, students learn 'por ejemplo' as a simple, fixed phrase to add variety to their basic sentences. It is used to list simple nouns like fruits, colors, or family members. For instance, 'Me gusta la fruta, por ejemplo, la manzana.' The focus at this level is on the literal translation 'for example' and the correct spelling with a 'j'. Students are taught that it helps them provide more information without needing complex grammar. It is a tool for expansion. A1 learners often use it at the end of a sentence or after a short pause to add a concrete detail to a general statement they have just made. It is one of the first connectors they learn because it is so useful for basic communication. Teachers use it to show that even with limited vocabulary, students can still provide specific examples. It is essentially a 'safety net' phrase that allows for more descriptive speech early on. The main goal is for the student to recognize the phrase when they hear it and be able to produce it in a simple list-like context.

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In the A2 level, learners begin to use 'por ejemplo' to describe daily routines, hobbies, and preferences in more detail. They start to understand that it can be placed in different parts of a sentence, though they usually stick to the beginning or the end. For example, 'En mi tiempo libre hago deporte, por ejemplo, juego al tenis.' At this stage, they are also introduced to the idea of using commas with the phrase, although they might not always use them correctly. The phrase helps them move beyond simple lists and into more descriptive paragraphs. They might use it to explain their reasons for liking something or to describe a typical day. A2 students also begin to distinguish 'por ejemplo' from 'como', realizing that 'como' is often faster to say in a list. The pedagogical focus is on increasing the fluidity of their speech by using 'por ejemplo' to connect ideas. It becomes a way to extend their speaking time during oral exams. They are encouraged to use it to provide context to their answers, making their Spanish sound more natural and less like a series of isolated facts.

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At the B1 level, 'por ejemplo' becomes a crucial tool for expressing opinions and describing experiences. Students are expected to use it with correct punctuation, surrounding it with commas when it is used parenthetically. They also start using it to introduce hypothetical scenarios in the present or future. For example, 'Si quieres viajar, por ejemplo a México, necesitas un pasaporte.' This shows a higher level of cognitive processing where the example is integrated into a conditional thought. B1 learners also start to explore the nuances between 'por ejemplo' and more formal alternatives like 'a modo de ejemplo'. They use it in more diverse contexts, such as at work or in academic settings, to support their arguments. The focus at this level is on the 'discourse marker' function of the phrase—how it helps organize a longer piece of speech or writing. It is no longer just for lists; it is for illustrating points of view. Students are also taught to avoid overusing it and to vary their language. They are expected to understand it in more complex audio recordings where the speaker might use it quickly or with varying intonation.

By the B2 level, students use 'por ejemplo' with total confidence and precision. They understand its role in structuring complex arguments and use it to introduce sophisticated examples that support abstract claims. For instance, 'La globalización tiene efectos negativos; por ejemplo, la pérdida de identidad cultural en algunas regiones.' They are also familiar with the stylistic impact of placing the phrase in different positions within a sentence to emphasize different parts of the message. B2 learners are introduced to more literary or formal synonyms like 'verbigracia' or 'pongo por caso', and they know when it is appropriate to use them. They use 'por ejemplo' in debates and formal presentations to ground their theories in reality. The focus at this level is on stylistic variety and rhetorical effectiveness. They also understand how 'por ejemplo' can be used to soften a suggestion or a criticism in a professional environment. Their use of punctuation is flawless, and they can recognize the phrase even when it is used in highly technical or specialized texts. It becomes a natural part of their linguistic repertoire, used effortlessly to improve clarity and flow.

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At the C1 level, the use of 'por ejemplo' is nuanced and sophisticated. Students use it not just to provide examples, but to manage the flow of high-level discourse. They understand the subtle pragmatic differences between 'por ejemplo', 'tal es el caso de', and 'sirva de ejemplo'. For example, they might use 'sirva de ejemplo' to introduce a lengthy case study in a master's level thesis. They are capable of using the phrase in very complex sentence structures, often involving the subjunctive or conditional moods, to explore hypothetical or counterfactual scenarios. 'Si hubiéramos considerado otras variables, por ejemplo la inflación, los resultados habrían sido distintos.' At this level, 'por ejemplo' is also used to create specific stylistic effects, such as irony or emphasis. C1 learners are expected to have a deep understanding of how such connectors contribute to the cohesion and coherence of a text. They can analyze the use of the phrase in literature and academic papers, noting how it helps the author guide the reader through a complex argument. Their mastery of the phrase is such that they can use it to sound authoritative yet accessible.

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In the C2 level, 'por ejemplo' is used with the mastery of a native speaker. The learner understands all its historical, stylistic, and regional nuances. They can use it in highly specialized contexts, such as legal writing, philosophical treatises, or high-level diplomacy. They are aware of its Latin roots and how it relates to phrases in other Romance languages. At this level, the learner might use 'por ejemplo' as a tool for precise linguistic engineering, choosing its placement to create a specific rhythm or to highlight a particular logical connection. They can also use it to navigate very formal social situations where the choice of connector can signal one's education level or social standing. For example, they might choose 'verbigracia' in a formal speech to evoke a sense of tradition and academic rigor. C2 learners also use 'por ejemplo' in creative writing to mimic different voices or to add a conversational layer to a complex narrative. Their understanding of the phrase is complete, encompassing its function as a logical operator, a social lubricant, and a stylistic device. It is a small but powerful component of their near-native fluency.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

por ejemplo en 30 secondes

A common Spanish phrase meaning 'for example' or 'for instance', used to provide specific illustrations for general statements in any social or formal context.
It is an invariable adverbial phrase, meaning it never changes its form regardless of the gender or number of the nouns it describes.
Correct punctuation usually involves placing a comma before or after the phrase, or surrounding it with commas if it is used in the middle of a sentence.
It is essential for clarity in both spoken and written Spanish, helping to bridge the gap between abstract ideas and concrete, understandable examples.

The Spanish adverbial phrase por ejemplo is the direct equivalent of the English expressions for example or for instance. At its core, it functions as a discourse marker that introduces an illustration, a specific case, or a sample that clarifies a general statement. In the vast landscape of the Spanish language, this phrase serves as a bridge between abstract concepts and concrete reality, allowing the speaker to provide evidence or clarity to their interlocutor. It is one of the most frequently used connectors in both spoken and written Spanish because human communication relies heavily on the use of examples to ensure mutual understanding. Whether you are in a formal academic setting discussing economic theories or in a casual conversation at a café talking about your favorite hobbies, por ejemplo is the tool you use to narrow down the focus and provide specific details.

Semantic Function: It acts as an exemplification marker, signaling to the listener that the following information is a subset of the previous general category.

Hay muchas ciudades bonitas en España; por ejemplo, Sevilla y Granada.

The phrase is composed of the preposition por (for/by) and the noun ejemplo (example). Unlike some other Spanish connectors that might change based on gender or number, por ejemplo is invariable. It remains exactly the same regardless of what it is describing. This makes it an incredibly reliable and easy-to-use phrase for learners. In terms of social context, it is completely neutral. You will find it in the most prestigious legal documents and in the most informal text messages between friends. It does not carry any specific emotional weight; rather, its purpose is purely functional and logical. It helps organize thought and structure arguments. When people use it, they are often performing an act of pedagogical simplification, breaking down complex ideas into manageable pieces of information that the listener can easily visualize.

Syntactic Versatility: It can appear at the beginning, middle, or end of a sentence, though its placement usually dictates the punctuation required.

¿Podrías traerme algo de beber? Un zumo, por ejemplo.

Furthermore, por ejemplo is often used in rhetorical questions to suggest a possibility without being overly assertive. For instance, if you are planning a trip and someone says, '¿Y si vamos a la playa, por ejemplo?', they are offering a suggestion in a gentle, non-confrontational way. It softens the suggestion by framing it as just one of many possible options. This pragmatic use is crucial for maintaining politeness in Spanish social interactions. It shows that the speaker is open to other ideas while still contributing their own. In academic writing, it is indispensable for supporting claims with empirical evidence. Without por ejemplo, Spanish discourse would feel overly abstract and disconnected from the tangible world. It is the glue that binds generalities to specifics.

Frequency of Use: It is ranked among the top 500 most frequent phrases in the Spanish language across all dialects.

Por ejemplo, si decides estudiar medicina, tendrás que dedicar muchas horas al estudio.

Existen varios tipos de energía renovable, como la solar, por ejemplo.

Using por ejemplo correctly involves understanding both its grammatical role and the punctuation that accompanies it. In Spanish, punctuation is not just a formality; it guides the rhythm and clarity of the sentence. When por ejemplo is used as an introductory phrase, it is almost always followed by a comma. This comma creates a brief pause, preparing the listener for the illustration that follows. For example, 'Por ejemplo, ayer fui al parque.' Without the comma, the sentence feels rushed and the logical connection is less clear. This is a rule that applies regardless of whether the sentence is simple or complex. The comma acts as a signal of the transition from the general context to the specific example.

Parenthetical Use: When placed in the middle of a sentence, it should be enclosed in commas (e.g., 'Los mamíferos, por ejemplo, tienen pelos').

Algunos países europeos, por ejemplo Francia e Italia, son famosos por su gastronomía.

When the phrase appears at the end of a sentence, it is preceded by a comma. This is common in spoken Spanish when the speaker realizes they need to provide an example after they have already stated the main point. 'Deberías comer más verduras, por ejemplo.' In this case, the example itself might be implied or the speaker might be waiting for the listener to provide one. It acts as a trailing thought that invites further detail. Another important aspect is the relationship between por ejemplo and other connectors like como. While they are often interchangeable, como is more direct and integrated into the sentence structure, whereas por ejemplo is more of an independent marker. You can even use them together for emphasis: 'como, por ejemplo...'.

Combining with Conjunctions: It is frequently paired with 'como' to introduce a list of examples with more emphasis on the illustrative nature.

Puedes usar diferentes colores, como, por ejemplo, el rojo o el azul.

In more advanced usage, por ejemplo can be used to set up a hypothetical scenario. This is often done using the subjunctive mood or the conditional tense. 'Si tuviéramos más tiempo, por ejemplo, podríamos visitar el museo.' Here, it doesn't just provide an example of a noun, but an example of a potential action or situation. This versatility allows it to function as a powerful tool for reasoning and speculation. It is also worth noting that in Spanish, we do not usually use 'por ejemplo' followed by a colon (:) unless it is in a very formal list format. Usually, a comma is sufficient and more natural. When translating from English, be careful not to translate 'for instance' as something else; por ejemplo covers both 'for example' and 'for instance' perfectly.

Hypothetical Scenarios: Use it to introduce 'what if' situations to test an idea or provide a specific context for a general rule.

Imagínate que estás en Londres, por ejemplo, ¿qué harías primero?

Podemos elegir un tema, por ejemplo la historia de España, para nuestra presentación.

The phrase por ejemplo is ubiquitous in the Spanish-speaking world, transcending national borders and social classes. In the classroom, it is perhaps the most used phrase by teachers. A Spanish teacher explaining the use of the preterite versus the imperfect will constantly use por ejemplo to provide sample sentences. In this context, it is a signal of pedagogical support. Students also use it frequently when they are trying to clarify their own questions or demonstrate their understanding. It provides a safe space for trial and error. If a student says, '¿Se puede decir, por ejemplo, "fui a la tienda"?', they are testing a hypothesis using the phrase as a protective shield for their attempt at the language.

Educational Context: Used by both teachers and students to ground theoretical rules in practical, linguistic reality.

En matemáticas, por ejemplo, el orden de los factores no altera el producto.

In the professional world, specifically in meetings and presentations, por ejemplo is used to make data more relatable. A marketing executive might say, 'Nuestra audiencia está creciendo en varios sectores; en el sector tecnológico, por ejemplo, hemos visto un aumento del veinte por ciento.' Here, the phrase serves to highlight a success story within a broader trend. It directs the audience's attention to a specific point of interest. In legal or medical contexts, it is used to describe precedents or symptoms. A doctor might list symptoms and then add, 'como la fiebre, por ejemplo,' to help a patient identify what they are feeling. It bridges the gap between expert knowledge and general understanding, making specialized information accessible to everyone.

Professional Discourse: Employed to provide evidence, highlight data points, and clarify complex technical information for clients or colleagues.

Si analizamos el mercado actual, por ejemplo, veremos una clara tendencia hacia lo digital.

In the media, you will hear por ejemplo in news reports, interviews, and talk shows. Journalists use it to ground news stories in real-life impact. An interviewer might ask a politician, '¿Qué medidas tomará para ayudar a los jóvenes, por ejemplo, en términos de vivienda?' This forces the speaker to move away from vague promises and address specific issues. On social media, the phrase is often used in captions or comments to provide context to photos or videos. It is a universal connector that ensures the message being conveyed is as clear as possible. Even in literature, authors use it to create a conversational tone or to elaborate on a character's description. It is truly a word for all seasons and all people.

Media and News: A tool for journalists to extract specific details from interviewees and to provide concrete context to news stories.

Muchos artistas, por ejemplo Picasso, revolucionaron el arte en el siglo veinte.

¿Qué pasaría si, por ejemplo, decidieras cambiar de carrera ahora mismo?

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when using por ejemplo is the spelling of the word ejemplo. In English, 'example' is spelled with an 'x', but in Spanish, it is spelled with a 'j'. This is a phonetic spelling in Spanish, as the 'j' sound (the 'jota') is quite distinct. Writing 'exemplo' is a very common error for beginners and even intermediate students who are not paying close attention to the visual differences between the two languages. Another common mistake is related to word order. While por ejemplo is flexible, placing it in a way that breaks the logical flow of the sentence can confuse the listener. For instance, placing it between a verb and its direct object without commas can be jarring.

Spelling Error: Confusing the English 'x' with the Spanish 'j'. Always write 'ejemplo' with a 'j'.

Incorrecto: Me gustan las frutas, por exemplo, la uva.

Punctuation errors are also rampant. Many learners forget to include the necessary commas when por ejemplo is used parenthetically. In Spanish, these commas are essential because they indicate that the phrase is an insertion and not part of the main clause. Without them, the sentence can become a 'run-on' and lose its structural integrity. For example, 'Los perros por ejemplo son leales' should be 'Los perros, por ejemplo, son leales.' This small change makes a big difference in the professional quality of your writing. Additionally, some learners try to pluralize the phrase, saying 'por ejemplos' when they are giving more than one example. This is incorrect. The phrase is a fixed adverbial locution and must always remain in the singular form.

Punctuation Neglect: Forgetting the commas that surround the phrase when it is placed in the middle of a sentence.

Correcto: Hay muchos deportes, por ejemplo, el fútbol y el tenis.

Another subtle mistake is the confusion between por ejemplo and como. While they are often synonyms, they are not always interchangeable. Como is used for direct comparisons or as a preposition to introduce a list, while por ejemplo is a sentence-level connector. Using 'por ejemplo' when a simple 'como' would suffice can sometimes make the sentence feel overly heavy or formal. Conversely, using 'como' when you need a stronger introductory marker can make the sentence feel weak. Finally, be careful with the preposition. Some students might try to say 'para ejemplo' (for example), but this is incorrect in this context. 'Para' indicates purpose, while 'por' indicates the reason or the means, and in this fixed phrase, 'por' is the only correct choice.

Incorrect Preposition: Using 'para' instead of 'por'. The phrase is 'por ejemplo', never 'para ejemplo'.

Incorrecto: Podrías estudiar, para ejemplo, historia o arte.

Correcto: Si quieres viajar, por ejemplo a Japón, debes ahorrar dinero.

While por ejemplo is the most common way to introduce an illustration, Spanish offers a rich variety of alternatives that can help you sound more sophisticated and avoid repetition. One of the most common alternatives is como. This is shorter and very effective for lists. 'Me gustan los colores vivos como el rojo y el naranja.' It is less formal than por ejemplo and integrates more smoothly into the sentence. Another common alternative is tal como, which is slightly more precise and is often used when the example perfectly embodies the general category being discussed. 'Necesitamos a alguien con experiencia, tal como tú.' This adds a layer of comparison that por ejemplo lacks.

Como vs. Por ejemplo: 'Como' is more integrated and informal; 'por ejemplo' is a more distinct, standalone discourse marker.

Hay muchas opciones, como el senderismo o la natación.

For more formal or academic writing, you might use verbigracia. This is a Latinism that is still used in legal and scholarly texts. It is synonymous with por ejemplo but carries a much higher register. Another formal option is a saber, which is closer to the English 'namely' or 'to wit'. It is used when you are listing all the examples of a small group, rather than just one sample. If you want to be more descriptive, you can use a modo de ejemplo (by way of example) or sirva de ejemplo (let this serve as an example). These phrases are great for introducing longer anecdotes or case studies in a presentation or an essay. They signal a deeper dive into the illustrative material.

Formal Alternatives: 'Verbigracia', 'a modo de ejemplo', and 'pongo por caso' are excellent for academic or professional contexts.

Pongo por caso la situación económica del país el año pasado.

In spoken Spanish, especially in Spain, you will often hear pongamos por caso. This is a very natural way to say 'let's take the case of' or 'let's say'. It invites the listener into a mental exercise. For example, 'Pongamos por caso que pierdes el tren, ¿qué harías?' It sounds much more conversational and native than just using por ejemplo every time. Another useful phrase is tal es el caso de, which is used to point out a specific instance that confirms a previous statement. 'Muchos estudiantes tienen dificultades; tal es el caso de Juan.' This links the example directly to a person or a specific entity. By mastering these alternatives, you will significantly improve your fluency and ability to express complex ideas clearly.

Conversational Fillers: 'Pongamos por caso' and 'digamos' can often function as more dynamic ways to introduce examples in speech.

Este problema afecta a muchos, tal es el caso de las pequeñas empresas.

Sirva de ejemplo este gráfico para ilustrar mi punto anterior.

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

The word 'ejemplo' used to be spelled 'exemplo' in Old Spanish, which is why it looks so similar to the English word, but it evolved to use the 'j' to represent the unique Spanish sound.

Guide de prononciation

UK /pɔːr ɛˈxɛm.ploʊ/

US /pɔːr eɪˈhɛm.ploʊ/

The stress falls on the second syllable of 'ejemplo' (e-JEM-plo).

Rime avec

templo contemplo descontemplo viento (partial) asiento (partial) momento (partial) siento (partial) atento (partial)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing the 'j' like an English 'j' (as in 'jam'). It should be a raspy 'h' sound.
Pronouncing the 'p' in 'ejemplo' with a lot of air. In Spanish, 'p' is unaspirated.
Making the 'r' in 'por' too strong or rhotic like in American English.
Adding an 'x' sound to 'ejemplo' because of the English 'example'.
Not stressing the 'jem' syllable enough.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 1/5

Very easy to recognize because of its similarity to English and high frequency.

Écriture 2/5

Slightly harder due to the 'j' vs 'x' spelling and comma placement.

Expression orale 1/5

Easy to integrate into speech once the 'j' sound is mastered.

Écoute 1/5

Very easy to catch in conversation as it is a distinct marker.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

por ejemplo como un una

Apprends ensuite

además sin embargo por lo tanto en cambio así que

Avancé

verbigracia a saber pongo por caso tal es el caso de sirva de ejemplo

Grammaire à connaître

Comma usage with connectors

Tengo hambre; por ejemplo, me comería un bocadillo.

Invariable adverbial phrases

Hay muchas razones, por ejemplo (not por ejemplos), la falta de tiempo.

Hyponymy and hypernymy

Fruta (hypernym), por ejemplo, manzana (hyponym).

Parenthetical insertions

Juan, por ejemplo, nunca llega tarde.

Using 'como' as a preposition

Trabaja como camarero.

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Exemples par niveau

Me gusta la fruta, por ejemplo, la manzana.

I like fruit, for example, the apple.

Use 'por ejemplo' to introduce a single noun.

Tengo muchos amigos, por ejemplo, Juan.

I have many friends, for example, Juan.

Notice the comma before 'por ejemplo'.

¿Qué quieres comer? ¿Pasta, por ejemplo?

What do you want to eat? Pasta, for example?

Using 'por ejemplo' in a question to suggest an option.

Hablo idiomas, por ejemplo, español e inglés.

I speak languages, for example, Spanish and English.

Introducing a small list of two items.

Hay colores bonitos, por ejemplo, el azul.

There are beautiful colors, for example, blue.

Simple subject-verb-example structure.

Estudio mucho, por ejemplo, los lunes.

I study a lot, for example, on Mondays.

Using 'por ejemplo' with time expressions.

Tengo mascotas, por ejemplo, un perro.

I have pets, for example, a dog.

Indefinite article 'un' follows 'por ejemplo'.

Vivo en una ciudad grande, por ejemplo, Madrid.

I live in a big city, for example, Madrid.

Proper nouns (Madrid) follow 'por ejemplo' without an article.

Hago ejercicio todos los días, por ejemplo, camino media hora.

I exercise every day, for example, I walk for half an hour.

Introducing a full clause (camino media hora).

Puedes comprar ropa barata aquí, por ejemplo, camisetas.

You can buy cheap clothes here, for example, t-shirts.

Plural noun following the phrase.

Me gustan los animales, por ejemplo, los gatos y los perros.

I like animals, for example, cats and dogs.

Using 'y' to connect multiple examples.

En verano hace calor, por ejemplo, en agosto.

In summer it is hot, for example, in August.

Using 'en' after 'por ejemplo' for months.

Hay muchas cosas en la mesa, por ejemplo, un libro.

There are many things on the table, for example, a book.

Existential 'hay' used with the phrase.

Visitamos museos, por ejemplo, el Museo del Prado.

We visit museums, for example, the Prado Museum.

Definite article 'el' before the specific name.

Cocino platos típicos, por ejemplo, la paella.

I cook typical dishes, for example, paella.

Specific noun phrase as an example.

Leo libros de todo tipo, por ejemplo, novelas de amor.

I read books of all kinds, for example, romance novels.

Noun + prepositional phrase after 'por ejemplo'.

Algunos países, por ejemplo España, tienen un clima muy variado.

Some countries, for example Spain, have a very varied climate.

Parenthetical use with commas surrounding the phrase.

Deberías probar actividades nuevas, por ejemplo, el yoga.

You should try new activities, for example, yoga.

Using the conditional 'deberías' with the phrase.

Si quieres adelgazar, por ejemplo, no comas tantos dulces.

If you want to lose weight, for example, don't eat so many sweets.

Using 'por ejemplo' within a conditional 'si' clause.

Muchos artistas, por ejemplo Dalí, fueron muy excéntricos.

Many artists, for example Dali, were very eccentric.

Subject + por ejemplo + Verb agreement.

Podemos ir a cenar, por ejemplo, al restaurante italiano de la esquina.

We can go to dinner, for example, to the Italian restaurant on the corner.

Using 'al' (prepositional contraction) after the phrase.

Existen varias soluciones, por ejemplo, reciclar más.

There are several solutions, for example, recycling more.

Introducing an infinitive verb as an example.

El transporte público, por ejemplo el metro, es muy eficiente.

Public transport, for example the subway, is very efficient.

Note the lack of a second comma when it feels like a single unit.

¿Qué harías si, por ejemplo, ganaras la lotería?

What would you do if, for example, you won the lottery?

Using the past subjunctive 'ganaras' with 'por ejemplo'.

La arquitectura moderna, por ejemplo la de Gaudí, es fascinante.

Modern architecture, for example Gaudí's, is fascinating.

Using 'la de' to refer back to 'arquitectura'.

Los cambios sociales, por ejemplo el voto femenino, transformaron el mundo.

Social changes, for example women's suffrage, transformed the world.

Abstract noun phrase as an example.

Es necesario reducir el consumo, por ejemplo, de plásticos de un solo uso.

It is necessary to reduce consumption, for example, of single-use plastics.

Using 'de' after the phrase to specify the type of consumption.

Hay que tener en cuenta otros factores, por ejemplo, la inflación.

Other factors must be taken into account, for example, inflation.

Impersonal 'hay que' with the phrase.

Muchos escritores, por ejemplo Cervantes, han influido en la lengua.

Many writers, for example Cervantes, have influenced the language.

Present perfect 'han influido' in the main clause.

Podrías invertir en bolsa, por ejemplo, comprando acciones tecnológicas.

You could invest in the stock market, for example, by buying tech stocks.

Introducing a gerund 'comprando' to show the method.

La tecnología, por ejemplo la inteligencia artificial, avanza rápido.

Technology, for example artificial intelligence, is advancing fast.

Complex noun phrase as an example.

Si analizamos la historia, por ejemplo la Revolución Francesa, vemos patrones.

If we analyze history, for example the French Revolution, we see patterns.

Using a historical event as a specific case.

La literatura existencialista, por ejemplo la obra de Camus, explora el absurdo.

Existentialist literature, for example Camus's work, explores the absurd.

High-level academic subject matter.

Existen diversos mecanismos de defensa, por ejemplo, la sublimación.

There are various defense mechanisms, for example, sublimation.

Psychological terminology used with the phrase.

Podemos observar este fenómeno en la naturaleza, por ejemplo, en la migración de las aves.

We can observe this phenomenon in nature, for example, in bird migration.

Detailed scientific observation.

Las políticas económicas, por ejemplo las de austeridad, son muy debatidas.

Economic policies, for example austerity ones, are highly debated.

Using plural 'las de' to refer back to 'políticas'.

Ciertos comportamientos, por ejemplo la procrastinación, afectan la productividad.

Certain behaviors, for example procrastination, affect productivity.

Abstract behavior as an example.

Si tomamos como referencia el arte barroco, por ejemplo, veremos un gran uso del claroscuro.

If we take Baroque art as a reference, for example, we will see a great use of chiaroscuro.

Integrating the phrase into a complex comparative structure.

La identidad nacional se construye a través de símbolos, por ejemplo, el himno o la bandera.

National identity is built through symbols, for example, the anthem or the flag.

Sociological context.

Muchos filósofos, por ejemplo Nietzsche, cuestionaron los valores tradicionales.

Many philosophers, for example Nietzsche, questioned traditional values.

Historical/philosophical subject.

La deconstrucción del lenguaje, por ejemplo tal como la plantea Derrida, es compleja.

The deconstruction of language, for example as Derrida proposes it, is complex.

Using 'tal como' after 'por ejemplo' for extreme precision.

Es imperativo abordar la crisis climática, por ejemplo, mediante la descarbonización total.

It is imperative to address the climate crisis, for example, through total decarbonization.

Formal register using 'mediante'.

La fenomenología, por ejemplo la de Husserl, sentó las bases de la filosofía moderna.

Phenomenology, for example Husserl's, laid the foundations of modern philosophy.

Highly academic and specific context.

La jurisprudencia actual, por ejemplo en materia de derechos digitales, está en constante evolución.

Current jurisprudence, for example regarding digital rights, is constantly evolving.

Legal context with specialized terminology.

Podríamos considerar la posibilidad de que, por ejemplo, el tiempo no sea lineal.

We could consider the possibility that, for example, time is not linear.

Metaphysical speculation using the subjunctive.

El impacto de la globalización, por ejemplo en las lenguas minoritarias, es devastador.

The impact of globalization, for example on minority languages, is devastating.

Sociolinguistic analysis.

La neurociencia, por ejemplo en el estudio de la sinapsis, ha hecho grandes avances.

Neuroscience, for example in the study of synapses, has made great strides.

Scientific context with prepositional detail.

Ciertas corrientes artísticas, por ejemplo el brutalismo, priorizan la funcionalidad.

Certain artistic currents, for example brutalism, prioritize functionality.

Architecture and art history context.

Collocations courantes

como por ejemplo

un claro ejemplo

servir de ejemplo

dar un ejemplo

seguir el ejemplo

tomar por ejemplo

poner por ejemplo

ejemplo a seguir

sin ir más lejos, por ejemplo

solo por poner un ejemplo

Phrases Courantes

como, por ejemplo

— Used to introduce an example with extra emphasis on the illustrative nature.

Me gustan los deportes de riesgo, como, por ejemplo, el paracaidismo.

un ejemplo de ello

— Used to point back to a previous statement and provide evidence for it.

El clima está cambiando; un ejemplo de ello es el deshielo de los polos.

por poner un ejemplo

— A way to introduce an example while acknowledging that there are many others.

Podemos ir a muchos sitios, por poner un ejemplo, a la montaña.

es un ejemplo

— Directly stating that something serves as an illustration.

Este cuadro es un ejemplo del estilo barroco.

sin ir más lejos

— Used to provide a very recent or obvious example that is close at hand.

Mucha gente viaja; sin ir más lejos, mi vecino está en Japón.

pongo por caso

— A conversational way to say 'let's take the case of'.

Pongo por caso que mañana no hay clase, ¿qué harías?

a modo de ejemplo

— A formal way to introduce an illustration, often used in presentations.

A modo de ejemplo, veremos los resultados del año pasado.

sirva como ejemplo

— Used to indicate that something should be taken as a model or a warning.

Que este error sirva como ejemplo para el futuro.

un ejemplo vivo

— Refers to a person who perfectly embodies a certain quality or idea.

Él es un ejemplo vivo de perseverancia.

ejemplo práctico

— A real-world application of a theory or rule.

Vamos a ver un ejemplo práctico de cómo usar esta herramienta.

Souvent confondu avec

por ejemplo vs como

English speakers use 'like' and 'as' in ways that don't always map to 'por ejemplo'.

por ejemplo vs ejemplar

This can mean 'exemplary' (adjective) or 'a copy/specimen' (noun), not 'for example'.

por ejemplo vs pongo por caso

More idiomatic and conversational than 'por ejemplo', used for hypothetical cases.

Expressions idiomatiques

"predicar con el ejemplo"

— To practice what you preach; to act in accordance with the advice you give others.

Un buen jefe debe predicar con el ejemplo.

neutral

"dar ejemplo"

— To set an example for others to follow, usually in a moral or behavioral sense.

Como hermano mayor, tienes que dar ejemplo.

neutral

"sin ejemplo"

— Unprecedented; something that has never happened before or has no parallel.

Fue una tragedia sin ejemplo en la historia del país.

formal

"tomar ejemplo de"

— To learn from someone else's behavior or actions, whether good or bad.

Deberías tomar ejemplo de tu hermana, que siempre estudia.

neutral

"ser el vivo ejemplo"

— To be the perfect or most obvious illustration of something.

Ese edificio es el vivo ejemplo del abandono.

neutral

"hacer de algo un ejemplo"

— To use a specific incident to teach a lesson to others.

El juez quiso hacer de este caso un ejemplo para la sociedad.

neutral

"ejemplo de libro"

— A textbook example; a perfect and classic instance of something.

Es un ejemplo de libro de cómo no manejar una crisis.

neutral

"poner como ejemplo"

— To cite someone or something as an illustration of a point.

Siempre me ponen como ejemplo de puntualidad.

neutral

"seguir el mal ejemplo"

— To copy someone's bad behavior.

No sigas el mal ejemplo de tus amigos.

neutral

"un ejemplo a evitar"

— Something that serves as a warning of what not to do.

Su gestión es un ejemplo a evitar en cualquier empresa.

neutral

Facile à confondre

por ejemplo vs ejemplo

Spelling similarity to English 'example'.

Spanish uses 'j' and 'o' at the end; English uses 'x' and 'le'.

Este es un buen ejemplo.

por ejemplo vs muestra

Both can translate to 'sample' or 'example'.

'Muestra' is usually a physical sample or a demonstration, while 'ejemplo' is a logical illustration.

Tengo una muestra gratis de perfume.

por ejemplo vs modelo

Both involve a pattern to follow.

'Modelo' is a prototype or a person to emulate, while 'ejemplo' is a specific instance of a general rule.

Ella es una modelo famosa.

por ejemplo vs caso

Both can introduce a specific situation.

'Caso' usually refers to a specific event or legal case, while 'ejemplo' is used for clarification.

En ese caso, no iré.

por ejemplo vs instancia

Because of the English 'for instance'.

In Spanish, 'instancia' usually refers to a legal request or a level of authority, not an example.

Presentó una instancia en el ayuntamiento.

Structures de phrases

[General Category], por ejemplo, [Specific Item].

Me gusta la fruta, por ejemplo, la uva.

[Action], por ejemplo, [Specific Instance of Action].

Hago deporte, por ejemplo, nado los sábados.

[Subject], por ejemplo [Example], [Verb]...

Mi hermano, por ejemplo Juan, vive en Londres.

Si [Hypothesis], por ejemplo [Instance], [Result].

Si viajas, por ejemplo a París, te encantará.

[Abstract Concept]; por ejemplo, [Concrete Evidence].

La economía mejora; por ejemplo, el paro ha bajado.

[Complex Theory], por ejemplo tal como [Specific Source/Author]...

La ética, por ejemplo tal como la entiende Kant, es rígida.

¿Qué tal si [Action], por ejemplo [Option]?

¿Qué tal si salimos, por ejemplo al parque?

Hay que [Verb], por ejemplo, [Specific Method].

Hay que ahorrar, por ejemplo, gastando menos en ocio.

Famille de mots

Noms

ejemplo (example)

ejemplar (copy/specimen)

ejemplaridad (exemplarity)

Verbes

ejemplificar (to exemplify)

ejemplarizar (to make an example of)

Adjectifs

ejemplar (exemplary)

ejemplificativo (exemplifying)

Apparenté

muestra (sample)

modelo (model)

caso (case)

ilustración (illustration)

instancia (instance)

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

Extremely high in all registers and dialects of Spanish.

Erreurs courantes

exemplo → ejemplo
English speakers often carry over the 'x' from 'example'. In Spanish, it is always 'j'.
para ejemplo → por ejemplo
Using the wrong preposition. 'Por' is the only correct preposition in this fixed phrase.
por ejemplos → por ejemplo
Trying to pluralize the phrase when giving multiple examples. The phrase is invariable.
Missing commas → ..., por ejemplo, ...
Forgetting to set the phrase apart with commas, which is grammatically required in Spanish.
por ejemplo: [list] → por ejemplo, [list]
Using a colon after the phrase instead of a comma, which is less natural in Spanish prose.

Astuces

The J Rule

Never use an 'x' in 'ejemplo'. Remember the Spanish 'j' sound is strong, like a dry cough, which helps you remember it's not an 'x'.

Comma Sandwich

If you put 'por ejemplo' in the middle of a sentence, imagine it's a sandwich and the commas are the bread—you need both pieces!

The Strategic Pause

Use 'por ejemplo' as a filler when you need a second to think of the right word. It sounds more natural than saying 'um' or 'eh'.

Don't Repeat Yourself

If you've already used 'por ejemplo' once in a paragraph, try switching to 'como' or 'tal es el caso de' for the next one.

Signal Word

When you hear 'por ejemplo', stop focusing on the general concept and get ready to visualize the specific picture the speaker is painting.

Fixed Phrase

Treat 'por ejemplo' as a single block of wood. You can't change the 'por' to 'para' and you can't add an 's' at the end. It's solid.

Academic Tone

In essays, use 'a modo de ejemplo' to introduce a longer analysis. It makes your writing sound more professional and structured.

Soft Suggestions

Use it at the end of a question like '¿Vamos al parque, por ejemplo?' to make your suggestion sound less bossy and more open.

Etymology Link

Associate it with 'exemplary'. An 'ejemplo' is a 'sample' that is 'exemplary' of a larger group.

Building Bridges

Use examples to show you understand what someone is saying. 'Ah, ¿te refieres a esto, por ejemplo?' is a great way to confirm meaning.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of a 'J' as a 'Hook' that pulls an 'Example' into your sentence. Remember: 'Por e-J-emplo'. No 'X' here!

Association visuelle

Imagine a big wooden 'J' standing in the middle of a sentence, pointing its hook toward a picture of a red apple (the example).

Word Web

ejemplo ejemplar ejemplificar modelo muestra caso ilustración verbigracia

Défi

Try to use 'por ejemplo' in three different sentences today: one at the beginning, one in the middle, and one at the end.

Origine du mot

The phrase comes from the Latin 'pro' (for/on behalf of) and 'exemplum' (sample/pattern).

Sens originel : To put something forward as a sample or a pattern to be followed.

Romance (Latin origin).

Contexte culturel

There are no specific sensitivities; the phrase is neutral and universally accepted.

English speakers often use 'for instance' and 'for example' interchangeably; in Spanish, 'por ejemplo' covers both perfectly.

Don Quixote often uses examples to justify his chivalric actions. Modern Spanish textbooks use it on almost every page. Famous speeches by figures like Gabriel García Márquez use it to ground magical realism in reality.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Education

¿Puede dar un ejemplo?
Por ejemplo, en esta frase...
Veamos un ejemplo práctico.
Como por ejemplo en el libro.

Business

Por ejemplo, en el último trimestre...
Tomemos por ejemplo nuestra competencia.
Un ejemplo de éxito es...
Solo por poner un ejemplo de ahorro.

Daily Conversation

¿Quieres salir, por ejemplo, a caminar?
Me gusta la música, por ejemplo, el rock.
Por ejemplo, ayer no pude ir.
Si vas al súper, por ejemplo, compra pan.

Travel

Hay sitios bonitos, por ejemplo, la playa.
Podemos ir en bus, por ejemplo.
¿Qué ciudades, por ejemplo, me recomiendas?
Por ejemplo, en Madrid hay muchos museos.

Cooking

Usa especias, por ejemplo, orégano.
Puedes cocinar algo rápido, por ejemplo, pasta.
Añade verduras, por ejemplo, zanahorias.
Sirva de ejemplo esta receta.

Amorces de conversation

"¿Qué tipo de comida te gusta? A mí me gusta la italiana, por ejemplo, la pizza."

"Si pudieras viajar a cualquier lugar, por ejemplo a Marte, ¿lo harías?"

"¿Qué aficiones tienes? Por ejemplo, ¿te gusta leer o hacer deporte?"

"¿Qué harías si, por ejemplo, te encontraras mucho dinero en la calle?"

"¿Qué ciudades de tu país me recomiendas visitar? Por ejemplo, ¿cuál es tu favorita?"

Sujets d'écriture

Escribe sobre tres cosas que te hacen feliz, por ejemplo, pasar tiempo con tu familia.

Describe tus metas para este año; por ejemplo, aprender un nuevo idioma.

Piensa en un problema que quieras resolver, por ejemplo, el cambio climático, y propón una idea.

Escribe sobre un día perfecto para ti; por ejemplo, ¿dónde estarías y con quién?

Menciona algunos libros que te hayan marcado, por ejemplo, una novela que leíste en la infancia.

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

No, la frase correcta es siempre 'por ejemplo'. 'Para' indica propósito, mientras que 'por' en esta locución fija indica el medio o la razón de la ilustración.

Casi siempre. Si va al principio, lleva coma después. Si va en medio, suele ir entre comas. Si va al final, lleva coma antes.

'Como' es más directo y se usa mucho en listas rápidas. 'Por ejemplo' es un conector más fuerte que marca una pausa mayor.

No, es una frase hecha invariable. Siempre se dice 'por ejemplo', incluso si das diez ejemplos seguidos.

Es totalmente neutral. Se usa tanto en una charla con amigos como en un discurso del Rey de España.

Es la abreviatura de 'verbigracia', que es un sinónimo muy formal de 'por ejemplo' usado en textos escritos.

Siempre con 'j': e-j-e-m-p-l-o. Confundirlo con la 'x' del inglés is a very common mistake for beginners.

Sí, es una combinación común para enfatizar que lo que sigue es solo una de las muchas ilustraciones posibles.

Es muy flexible. Puede ir al principio, en medio o al final, dependiendo de lo que quieras enfatizar.

En el lenguaje hablado, 'pongo por caso' o 'pongamos por caso' se usan mucho para introducir situaciones hipotéticas.

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