retirado en 30 secondes
- Retired; having stopped working permanently.
- Describes someone who has finished their professional career.
- Often associated with leisure and post-work life.
- Adjective agrees in gender and number with the noun.
The Spanish adjective 'retirado' primarily means 'retired' in English. It refers to someone who has stopped working, typically after reaching a certain age or completing their professional career. This term is widely used across all Spanish-speaking countries to describe individuals who are no longer employed and are enjoying their post-working life. It's a common and neutral term, often used in everyday conversation, official documents, and media. For example, when discussing demographics, social security, or retirement plans, you'll frequently encounter 'retirado'. It can also imply a sense of peace and leisure associated with not having to work. It is important to note that 'retirado' can also mean 'removed' or 'withdrawn' in a more general sense, but when referring to people and their employment status, 'retired' is the definitive meaning. The context usually makes it clear. If someone says 'Mi abuelo está retirado,' they mean 'My grandfather is retired.' If a military context is present, 'retirado' might mean 'retired from service', which is similar but specific to military personnel. The word evokes images of people enjoying their hobbies, spending time with family, or traveling, having earned their rest after years of labor. It’s a significant life stage for many, and 'retirado' is the standard term to acknowledge it.
- Key Usage
- Used to describe someone who has permanently left their job and profession.
- Nuance
- Generally implies a voluntary cessation of work due to age or completion of career, often associated with leisure.
- Related Concepts
- Retirement, pension, leisure, post-career life.
Mi vecino, que está retirado, pasa mucho tiempo en el jardín.
El programa está diseñado para personas retiradas que buscan nuevas actividades.
- Etymological Root
- Derived from the verb 'retirar', which means 'to withdraw', 'to remove', or 'to retire'. The past participle 'retirado' functions as an adjective.
Una vez retirado, decidió viajar por el mundo.
- Social Significance
- The status of being 'retirado' is often celebrated as a well-deserved period of rest and personal fulfillment after a lifetime of work.
Using 'retirado' correctly involves understanding its grammatical agreement and typical sentence structures. As an adjective, it must agree in gender and number with the noun it describes. The most common subject is a person, so you'll often see it used with 'ser' (to be) to describe a permanent state or characteristic. For instance, 'Él es retirado' means 'He is retired.' When referring to a woman, it becomes 'Ella es retirada.' For a group of retired men or a mixed group, you use 'Ellos son retirados.' For a group of retired women, it's 'Ellas son retiradas.'
It can also be used to describe a noun that represents a retired person. For example, 'Mi tío, el profesor retirado,' translates to 'My uncle, the retired professor.' Here, 'retirado' modifies 'profesor.' The verb 'estar' is generally not used with 'retirado' when referring to someone's employment status, as retirement is considered a permanent state rather than a temporary condition. However, in a different context, 'estar retirado' could mean 'to be withdrawn' or 'to be removed' from a specific place or activity, but this is less common when discussing a person's career status.
You can also use 'retirado' in phrases describing activities or places associated with retired people. For example, 'un club para jubilados y retirados' means 'a club for retirees and retired people.' The word 'jubilado' is often used interchangeably with 'retirado' in many contexts, especially in Spain, and both are perfectly acceptable. The structure 'estar retirado de algo' can mean 'to be withdrawn from something,' for example, 'El soldado está retirado del frente' (The soldier is withdrawn from the front). However, when talking about career, 'ser retirado' is the standard. Consider the sentence 'Los jubilados y retirados disfrutan de descuentos.' This translates to 'The retired and the retired (people) enjoy discounts.' The repetition emphasizes the category. It's also common to hear phrases like 'una persona retirada' (a retired person) or 'los retirados de la empresa' (the company's retirees).
- Agreement
- Adjective must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies (retirado, retirada, retirados, retiradas).
- Verb Usage
- Typically used with 'ser' to indicate a permanent state of retirement.
- Common Structures
- 'ser retirado/a/os/as', 'el/la/los/las retirado/a/os/as'.
Mi padre es retirado desde hace cinco años.
Las maestras retiradas del colegio organizaron una fiesta.
Ella es una doctora retirada con mucho tiempo libre.
- Adverbial Use
- While 'retirado' is primarily an adjective, its root verb 'retirar' can be used adverbially in certain contexts, though not directly with the adjective form.
You will hear the word 'retirado' in a wide variety of everyday situations across the Spanish-speaking world. It's a common term used in family conversations when discussing older relatives. For instance, your Spanish-speaking friend might say, 'Mi abuela está retirada y ahora se dedica a la jardinería' ('My grandmother is retired and now she dedicates herself to gardening'). This is a very typical way to describe someone's post-work life.
In official settings, such as banks or government offices, you might hear discussions about pensions and benefits for 'personas retiradas' (retired people). News reports often feature segments on the lives and concerns of the 'sector retirado' (the retired sector of the population). Social clubs and community centers catering to older adults often advertise themselves as places for 'jubilados y retirados.' For example, a flyer might read: 'Club de Encuentro para Señores Retirados' ('Meeting Club for Retired Gentlemen').
In casual social gatherings, when asking about someone's parents or grandparents, it's common to hear responses like, 'Mis padres están retirados y viven tranquilamente en el campo' ('My parents are retired and live peacefully in the countryside'). The word is also used in professional contexts when referring to former colleagues. A younger colleague might say to another, '¿Recuerdas al Sr. García? Él era un ingeniero retirado que nos ayudaba a veces' ('Do you remember Mr. García? He was a retired engineer who used to help us sometimes').
In some regions, particularly in Latin America, 'jubilado' might be more common, but 'retirado' is universally understood. You might also encounter it in advertisements for retirement homes or travel packages specifically designed for seniors. For example, 'Ofertas especiales para el público retirado' ('Special offers for the retired public'). The word signifies a phase of life often associated with freedom, leisure, and personal pursuits after a period of professional obligation. It’s a respectful and common way to refer to individuals who have completed their working careers.
- Everyday Conversations
- Used when talking about family members, neighbors, and acquaintances who are no longer working.
- Media and News
- Commonly found in articles, reports, and documentaries discussing social security, pensions, and the elderly population.
- Official and Commercial Contexts
- Found in advertisements for retirement communities, financial services for seniors, and public announcements regarding retired individuals.
El periódico hablaba de las necesidades de los ciudadanos retirados.
Mi abuelo, que está retirado, juega al dominó con sus amigos todos los días.
One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make with 'retirado' is misinterpreting its grammatical agreement. Since it's an adjective, it must match the gender and number of the noun it modifies. Saying 'Mi padre es retirado' is correct, but saying 'Mi padre es retirada' would be incorrect because 'padre' is masculine. Similarly, if referring to a group of women, 'Las profesoras son retiradas' is correct, but 'Las profesoras son retirados' is wrong.
Another common pitfall is the confusion between the verbs 'ser' and 'estar' when describing someone's retired status. Retirement is generally considered a permanent state, a characteristic of the person's life stage, so 'ser' is almost always used. Using 'estar retirado' might imply a temporary withdrawal or removal from a specific situation, which is not the intended meaning when discussing career cessation. For example, 'Juan es retirado' (Juan is retired) is correct. 'Juan está retirado' could mean Juan is currently withdrawn from a specific activity, which is different.
Learners sometimes confuse 'retirado' with words that sound similar or have related meanings but are used differently. For instance, 'retirar' (the verb) means 'to withdraw' or 'to remove'. While 'retirado' is derived from it, using the verb form incorrectly can lead to confusion. For example, saying 'Él retirado del trabajo' instead of 'Él está retirado del trabajo' or 'Él es un trabajador retirado' would be grammatically incorrect. The adjective form needs to be used appropriately.
Finally, some learners might overlook the possibility of 'retirado' meaning 'removed' or 'withdrawn' in non-employment contexts. While 'retired' is the primary meaning for people, if the context is about an object or a military situation, 'retirado' could have a different interpretation. For example, 'El soldado fue retirado del campo de batalla' means 'The soldier was withdrawn from the battlefield.' Understanding the context is crucial to avoid misinterpreting the intended meaning.
- Grammatical Agreement
- Forgetting to match gender and number (e.g., 'retirado' vs. 'retirada', 'retirados', 'retiradas').
- Verb Choice (Ser vs. Estar)
- Using 'estar' instead of 'ser' for the permanent state of retirement.
- Contextual Meaning
- Not recognizing that 'retirado' can also mean 'removed' or 'withdrawn' in other contexts.
Incorrecto: Mi tía es retirado.
Correcto: Mi tía es retirada.
Incorrecto: Ella está retirada de su trabajo.
Correcto: Ella es retirada de su trabajo.
When referring to someone who has left their job, the most common alternative to 'retirado' is 'jubilado'. Both words essentially mean 'retired' and are often used interchangeably. 'Jubilado' is particularly prevalent in Spain and some parts of Latin America. The choice between the two can sometimes depend on regional preference or specific connotations. 'Jubilado' often emphasizes the reception of a pension or 'jubilación' (pension/retirement pay), while 'retirado' can sometimes carry a broader sense of having stepped back from active duty or a profession.
Another related term is 'pensionado'. This word specifically refers to someone who receives a pension. While most 'retirados' and 'jubilados' are also 'pensionados', not all 'pensionados' are necessarily retired from a traditional job; for example, someone receiving disability benefits might also be called 'pensionado'. So, 'pensionado' is more about the financial aspect of receiving regular payments after leaving work, rather than the act of retiring itself.
In more specific contexts, you might encounter other terms. For instance, a military person who has left service could be referred to as 'exmilitar' (former military) or sometimes also 'retirado' in that specific context. If someone has voluntarily left their job without necessarily reaching retirement age, they might be described as 'prejubilado' (early retiree) or someone who has taken a 'baja voluntaria' (voluntary leave). However, for the general state of having finished one's working career, 'retirado' and 'jubilado' are the primary choices.
It's also worth noting that in some regions, especially when referring to someone who has left a profession due to health reasons or disability, terms like 'inválido' (invalid) or 'discapacitado' (disabled) might be used, but these carry different connotations and are not direct synonyms for 'retired'. 'Retirado' implies a completed career and a transition to a non-working phase, often associated with leisure or personal pursuits.
- Jubilado
- Very similar to 'retirado', often used interchangeably. Particularly common in Spain. Both refer to someone who has stopped working, usually after retirement age.
- Pensionado
- Specifically refers to someone receiving a pension. While many retired people are pensionados, the term focuses on the financial benefit rather than the status of retirement itself.
- Prejubilado
- Someone who has taken early retirement, before the standard retirement age.
- Exmilitar
- Former military personnel. Can sometimes be described as 'retirado' in a military context.
Mi abuelo es retirado, pero mi vecino es pensionado por invalidez.
Él se jubiló a los sesenta años.
How Formal Is It?
Le savais-tu ?
The verb 'retirar' can be used in many contexts beyond just retirement. For example, 'retirar dinero' means 'to withdraw money' from an ATM or bank. 'Retirar un producto' means 'to recall a product'. The adjective 'retirado' carries this sense of 'having been drawn back' or 'removed' from an active state.
Guide de prononciation
- Misplacing stress: Pronouncing it as 'RE-ti-ra-do' or 're-ti-ra-DO'.
- Incorrect vowel sounds: Ensuring the 'e' sounds like 'eh' and the 'o' sounds like 'oh'.
- Pronouncing the 'r' too strongly: Spanish 'r' sounds are often softer than English 'r's, especially when not at the beginning of a word.
Niveau de difficulté
The word itself is straightforward, but understanding its grammatical agreement and subtle contextual differences requires practice. Recognizing its common collocations and synonyms is key for comprehension.
Requires careful attention to gender and number agreement. Avoiding the common 'ser' vs. 'estar' confusion is important for accurate usage.
Pronunciation is relatively simple, but correct grammatical agreement in spontaneous speech can be challenging for learners.
The word is frequently used, so recognition is generally good. Context is usually sufficient to understand its meaning, especially when discussing people's life stages.
Quoi apprendre ensuite
Prérequis
Apprends ensuite
Avancé
Grammaire à connaître
Agreement of Adjectives
The adjective 'retirado' must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies. 'El señor retirado' (The retired gentleman), 'La señora retirada' (The retired lady), 'Los señores retirados' (The retired gentlemen), 'Las señoras retiradas' (The retired ladies).
Ser vs. Estar for States of Being
Use 'ser' for permanent characteristics or states, like retirement status. 'Mi padre es retirado.' (My father is retired - permanent state). Use 'estar' for temporary conditions or locations. 'El soldado está retirado del frente.' (The soldier is withdrawn from the front - temporary situation).
Use of Definite Articles with General Nouns
When referring to a category or group in general, the definite article is often used. 'Los retirados disfrutan de paz.' (Retired people enjoy peace.)
Possessive Adjectives
Possessive adjectives agree with the noun they modify, not the possessor. 'Mi padre retirado' (My retired father), 'Sus padres retirados' (His/Her/Their retired parents).
Pluralization of Nouns and Adjectives
To form the plural, add -s if the word ends in a vowel, and -es if it ends in a consonant. 'El retirado' -> 'Los retirados'; 'La retirada' -> 'Las retiradas'.
Exemples par niveau
El señor está retirado.
The man is retired.
Masculine singular agreement.
La señora está retirada.
The lady is retired.
Feminine singular agreement.
Mis abuelos están retirados.
My grandparents are retired.
Masculine plural agreement (for a mixed or all-male group).
Las tías están retiradas.
The aunts are retired.
Feminine plural agreement.
Él es un profesor retirado.
He is a retired professor.
'Retirado' modifies 'profesor'.
Ella es una artista retirada.
She is a retired artist.
'Retirada' modifies 'artista'.
Los vecinos son retirados.
The neighbors are retired.
General plural agreement.
La casa es para gente retirada.
The house is for retired people.
Plural adjective referring to 'gente'.
Mi padre es retirado y le gusta pescar.
My father is retired and he likes to fish.
Connects retirement status with a hobby.
Mi madre, retirada del trabajo, ahora cuida el jardín.
My mother, retired from work, now takes care of the garden.
Shows a consequence of retirement.
Los jubilados y retirados a menudo viajan más.
The retired and retired people often travel more.
Use of synonyms and common association.
Ella trabaja en un centro para personas retiradas.
She works in a center for retired people.
Describes a place associated with retired individuals.
El señor López, un ingeniero retirado, da consejos.
Mr. Lopez, a retired engineer, gives advice.
Specifies profession and post-retirement activity.
Los edificios tienen acceso para personas retiradas.
The buildings have access for retired people.
Relates retirement status to accessibility needs.
Él se siente feliz siendo un hombre retirado.
He feels happy being a retired man.
Expresses emotion related to retirement.
Las reuniones de los retirados son los martes.
The retired people's meetings are on Tuesdays.
Refers to organized activities for retired individuals.
Después de años de servicio, el general se retiró con honores.
After years of service, the general retired with honors.
Context of military retirement.
Mi abuela, ahora retirada, dedica sus días a la pintura y la lectura.
My grandmother, now retired, dedicates her days to painting and reading.
Describes post-retirement activities in detail.
El gobierno anunció nuevas políticas para los ciudadanos retirados.
The government announced new policies for retired citizens.
Formal context regarding citizens' status.
Muchos retirados deciden mudarse a climas más cálidos.
Many retired people decide to move to warmer climates.
Common lifestyle choice for retirees.
La compañía honró a sus empleados retirados en una ceremonia especial.
The company honored its retired employees at a special ceremony.
Corporate recognition of retired staff.
Ser retirado le ha permitido explorar pasiones olvidadas.
Being retired has allowed him to explore forgotten passions.
Focuses on personal fulfillment in retirement.
El banco ofrece productos financieros específicos para el público retirado.
The bank offers specific financial products for the retired public.
Commercial context targeting retired individuals.
Los maestros retirados a menudo participan en programas de voluntariado.
Retired teachers often participate in volunteer programs.
Describes common post-retirement engagement.
La legislación actual considera 'retirado' a todo aquel que haya cesado su actividad laboral remunerada y cumpla ciertos requisitos de edad.
Current legislation considers 'retired' anyone who has ceased their paid work activity and meets certain age requirements.
Legal definition and formal language.
El concepto de 'retirado' ha evolucionado, permitiendo a muchos disfrutar de una segunda carrera o dedicarse a proyectos personales con gran intensidad.
The concept of 'retired' has evolved, allowing many to enjoy a second career or dedicate themselves to personal projects with great intensity.
Discusses the changing nature of retirement.
El mercado laboral para los profesionales retirados está en auge, ofreciendo consultorías y mentorías.
The job market for retired professionals is booming, offering consulting and mentoring.
Economic aspect of retired professionals.
La transición de ser un profesional activo a un estado retirado puede ser psicológicamente desafiante para algunos.
The transition from being an active professional to a retired state can be psychologically challenging for some.
Psychological impact of retirement.
Los programas de bienestar social a menudo incluyen subsidios y actividades recreativas para el segmento retirado de la población.
Social welfare programs often include subsidies and recreational activities for the retired segment of the population.
Social policy related to retired individuals.
A diferencia de la jubilación obligatoria, la decisión de ser 'retirado' puede ser completamente voluntaria en algunas profesiones.
Unlike mandatory retirement, the decision to be 'retired' can be completely voluntary in some professions.
Distinguishing voluntary vs. mandatory retirement.
La figura del 'retirado' en la sociedad moderna a menudo se asocia con la experiencia y la sabiduría acumulada.
The figure of the 'retired' person in modern society is often associated with accumulated experience and wisdom.
Societal perception of retired individuals.
Las aseguradoras consideran el estatus de 'retirado' al calcular las primas de ciertos seguros de vida.
Insurers consider the 'retired' status when calculating premiums for certain life insurance policies.
Financial implications of retirement status.
La redefinición del rol del 'retirado' en el siglo XXI trasciende la mera inactividad laboral, abarcando facetas de emprendimiento, voluntariado y aprendizaje continuo.
The redefinition of the 'retired' person's role in the 21st century transcends mere labor inactivity, encompassing facets of entrepreneurship, volunteering, and continuous learning.
Complex sentence structure, abstract concepts.
El fenómeno de la 'prejubilación' ha complejizado la dicotomía tradicional entre activo y retirado, creando un espectro de transiciones laborales.
The phenomenon of 'early retirement' has complicated the traditional dichotomy between active and retired, creating a spectrum of labor transitions.
Discusses nuances and spectrums of retirement.
La percepción social del individuo retirado ha pasado de ser un mero receptor de beneficios a un agente activo en la comunidad, aportando su bagaje experiencial.
The social perception of the retired individual has shifted from being a mere recipient of benefits to an active agent in the community, contributing their experiential baggage.
Societal evolution and active role of retirees.
Las políticas públicas buscan fomentar la reintegración parcial de los retirados en el mercado laboral, aprovechando su conocimiento especializado.
Public policies aim to encourage the partial reintegration of retired individuals into the labor market, leveraging their specialized knowledge.
Policy-oriented language, leveraging expertise.
La narrativa cultural en torno a la figura del retirado a menudo idealiza una etapa de ocio y despreocupación, ignorando las complejidades y desafíos inherentes.
The cultural narrative surrounding the figure of the retired person often idealizes a stage of leisure and carefree living, ignoring inherent complexities and challenges.
Critique of cultural narratives and idealization.
El término 'retirado' en contextos militares adquiere una connotación de servicio cumplido y honores conferidos, diferenciándose del uso civil general.
The term 'retired' in military contexts acquires a connotation of fulfilled service and conferred honors, differentiating it from general civil usage.
Specific connotation in a specialized context.
La longevidad incrementada ha transformado la jubilación de un punto final a una fase prolongada, requiriendo estrategias de planificación financiera y personal más sofisticadas para el individuo retirado.
Increased longevity has transformed retirement from an endpoint to a prolonged phase, requiring more sophisticated financial and personal planning strategies for the retired individual.
Impact of longevity on retirement planning.
La industria del ocio y el turismo ha capitalizado la demanda del segmento retirado, creando experiencias personalizadas y accesibles.
The leisure and tourism industry has capitalized on the demand from the retired segment, creating personalized and accessible experiences.
Economic impact and targeted marketing.
La pervivencia del arquetipo del 'retirado' como figura de reposo y contemplación coexiste con la emergencia de nuevos paradigmas donde la actividad y el compromiso social definen esta etapa vital.
The persistence of the 'retired' archetype as a figure of rest and contemplation coexists with the emergence of new paradigms where activity and social commitment define this vital stage.
Juxtaposition of old and new paradigms, sophisticated vocabulary.
El discurso oficial sobre la 'retirada' laboral tiende a homogeneizar experiencias diversas, obviando las heterogeneidades socioeconómicas y culturales que matizan la realidad de cada individuo retirado.
The official discourse on labor 'retirement' tends to homogenize diverse experiences, overlooking the socioeconomic and cultural heterogeneities that nuance the reality of each retired individual.
Critique of official discourse, focus on heterogeneity.
La conceptualización de la 'retirada' ha trascendido su acepción meramente económica para abarcar dimensiones existenciales y de autorrealización, configurando un horizonte de posibilidades post-profesionales.
The conceptualization of 'retirement' has transcended its merely economic meaning to encompass existential and self-realization dimensions, configuring a horizon of post-professional possibilities.
Philosophical and existential dimensions of retirement.
La obsolescencia de modelos laborales tradicionales ha propiciado la proliferación de trayectorias vitales 'retiradas' no lineales, donde la flexibilidad y la reinvención son pilares fundamentales.
The obsolescence of traditional labor models has fostered the proliferation of non-linear 'retired' life trajectories, where flexibility and reinvention are fundamental pillars.
Non-linear trajectories, emphasis on adaptability.
El imaginario colectivo a menudo proyecta sobre el 'retirado' una imagen de pasividad, desestimando el potencial latente para la innovación y la contribución social en esta fase de la vida.
The collective imaginary often projects an image of passivity onto the 'retired' person, dismissing the latent potential for innovation and social contribution in this life phase.
Critique of collective imagery and latent potential.
La narrativa periodística sobre la tercera edad frecuentemente oscila entre la victimización del 'retirado' ante las adversidades y la idealización de una golden age inalcanzable.
The journalistic narrative about the elderly often oscillates between the victimization of the 'retired' person facing adversity and the idealization of an unattainable golden age.
Oscillation in media narratives, nuanced portrayal.
La reconfiguración de las estructuras familiares y sociales ha redefinido el papel del 'retirado', quien puede ejercer tanto de cuidador como de mentor, o disfrutar de una independencia sin precedentes.
The reconfiguration of family and social structures has redefined the role of the 'retired' person, who can act as both caregiver and mentor, or enjoy unprecedented independence.
Multifaceted roles and redefined independence.
El estudio de las dinámicas de la 'retirada' laboral revela una intrincada red de factores económicos, psicológicos y sociodemográficos que influyen en la percepción y experiencia de esta etapa vital.
The study of labor 'retirement' dynamics reveals an intricate network of economic, psychological, and sociodemographic factors that influence the perception and experience of this life stage.
Interdisciplinary study, intricate factors.
Collocations courantes
Phrases Courantes
— Retired person.
El centro comunitario ofrece actividades para personas retiradas.
— Retired employee.
La compañía agradeció a sus empleados retirados por sus años de servicio.
— Retired and retired (often used together for emphasis or in specific contexts).
Los jubilados y retirados tienen acceso a descuentos especiales.
— A retired man (or a retired person in general when context is masculine).
Un retirado del ejército dio una charla sobre su experiencia.
— To be withdrawn from... (less common for career, more for specific situations).
El soldado fue retirado del frente de batalla.
— A retired life.
Busca una vida retirada en el campo, lejos del bullicio de la ciudad.
Souvent confondu avec
While 'ser retirado' is used for career retirement, 'estar retirado' can mean 'to be withdrawn' or 'removed' from a specific situation or place, not necessarily from work altogether. For example, 'El producto está retirado del mercado' (The product is withdrawn from the market).
'Retirar' is the verb form, meaning 'to withdraw' or 'to remove'. 'Retirado' is the past participle used as an adjective. You can 'retirar dinero' (withdraw money), but a person 'es retirado' (is retired).
Often used interchangeably with 'retirado', but 'jubilado' specifically emphasizes receiving a pension ('jubilación'). 'Retirado' is a more general term for having stopped working.
Facile à confondre
Both mean 'retired' and are often interchangeable.
'Jubilado' strongly implies receiving a pension ('jubilación'). 'Retirado' is more general, simply meaning having stopped working. Regional preferences exist (e.g., 'jubilado' in Spain).
'Mi abuelo es retirado y recibe su pensión.' vs. 'Mi abuela es jubilada y disfruta de su tiempo libre.'
Often associated with retirement as retired people usually receive pensions.
'Pensionado' specifically means someone receiving a pension, which can be for retirement, disability, or other reasons. 'Retirado' focuses on the cessation of work, not necessarily the financial benefit.
'Él es un pensionado por invalidez.' (He is a pensioner due to disability.) vs. 'Él es un trabajador retirado.' (He is a retired worker.)
It's the direct opposite concept.
'Retirado' means no longer working, while 'activo' means currently working or engaged. 'Un profesional activo' (an active professional) versus 'un profesional retirado' (a retired professional).
'El doctor sigue activo a pesar de su edad.' (The doctor remains active despite his age.) vs. 'El doctor es retirado pero aún da consultas ocasionales.'
Both imply a separation from a previous state.
'Desvinculado' means unlinked or detached, often implying a separation from a company or job, which could be voluntary or involuntary, and not necessarily related to age or retirement. 'Retirado' specifically refers to retirement from a career.
'El empleado fue desvinculado por reestructuración.' (The employee was detached due to restructuring.) vs. 'El empleado se retiró voluntariamente.'
Very similar meaning to 'retirado'.
'En retiro' is a common phrase, especially in military or formal contexts, meaning 'in retirement'. 'Retirado' is the adjective form. 'El general está en retiro.' (The general is in retirement.) vs. 'El general es retirado.' (The general is retired.)
'Mi tío está en retiro y vive en el campo.' vs. 'Mi tío es un hombre retirado que vive en el campo.'
Structures de phrases
Subject + ser + retirado/a.
Ella es retirada.
Subject + ser + retirado/a/os/as.
Ellos son retirados.
Noun + retirado/a/os/as.
Mi vecino retirado.
Subject + ser + retirado/a + y + activity.
Mi padre es retirado y le gusta leer.
El/La/Los/Las + retirado/a/os/as + verb...
Los retirados viajan mucho.
Noun + retirado/a/os/as + describes role/activity.
Un profesor retirado da clases voluntarias.
Contextual phrase + retirado/a/os/as.
Políticas para el ciudadano retirado.
Complex sentence with 'retirado' describing a nuanced situation.
La redefinición del rol del retirado ha generado nuevas oportunidades.
Famille de mots
Noms
Verbes
Adjectifs
Apparenté
Comment l'utiliser
High
-
Forgetting gender/number agreement.
→
Mi tía es retirad<strong>a</strong>.
The adjective must match the noun. 'Tía' is feminine singular, so 'retirada' is needed.
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Using 'estar' instead of 'ser' for career retirement.
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Él <strong>es</strong> retirado.
Retirement is a permanent state, so 'ser' is used. 'Estar' would imply a temporary withdrawal.
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Using the masculine form for a woman.
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La señora es retirad<strong>a</strong>.
Adjectives must agree in gender. 'Señora' is feminine.
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Confusing 'retirado' (adjective) with 'retirar' (verb).
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Mi abuelo <strong>es</strong> retirado.
You are describing the person's state (adjective), not an action they are performing right now (verb).
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Using 'retirado' to mean 'removed' when it should mean 'retired'.
→
El soldado <strong>fue retirado</strong> del campo.
In this military context, 'retirado' (as part of 'fue retirado') means 'withdrawn'. If referring to a person's career, it means 'retired'. Context is key.
Astuces
Master Agreement
Always remember that 'retirado' is an adjective and must agree with the noun it modifies. Check the gender (masculine/feminine) and number (singular/plural) of the person or people you are describing.
Use 'Ser' for Retirement
When talking about someone's career retirement, use the verb 'ser' (e.g., 'Él es retirado'). 'Ser' indicates a permanent state or characteristic, which retirement is considered to be.
Synonym Awareness
Familiarize yourself with 'jubilado' and 'pensionado'. While often interchangeable with 'retirado', they have subtle differences in emphasis (pension vs. general cessation of work) and regional usage.
Stress the Right Syllable
The stress in 'retirado' falls on the second-to-last syllable: re-ti-RA-do. Practicing this will make your pronunciation sound more natural.
Understand Broader Meanings
While 'retired' is the primary meaning for people, be aware that 'retirado' can also mean 'removed' or 'withdrawn' in other contexts, such as military actions or product recalls.
Visual Associations
Create a mental image: picture an elderly person relaxing in a garden, symbolizing the peace and leisure associated with being 'retirado'.
Sentence Building
Write sentences about people you know or imagine who are retired. Use different forms of 'retirado' and practice with both 'ser' and common phrases.
Respectful Terminology
Understand that retirement is a respected life stage in many Spanish-speaking cultures. 'Retirado' is a neutral and common term used in this context.
Listen for Context
When you hear 'retirado', pay attention to the surrounding words and the overall topic of conversation to confirm if it refers to career retirement or a different kind of withdrawal.
Explore Nuances
For advanced learners, explore terms like 'prejubilado' (early retired) and the subtle differences in connotation between 'retirado', 'jubilado', and 'pensionado'.
Mémorise-le
Moyen mnémotechnique
Imagine a person 're-tying' their work shoes for the last time, then 'retiring' them to a shelf. The 're-tying' sounds like 'retiro', and the action signifies them being 'retired'.
Association visuelle
Picture an elderly person sitting comfortably in a rocking chair on a porch, holding a newspaper titled 'The Retired Times'. The image evokes peace and the end of a working career.
Word Web
Défi
Try to describe three people you know (or imagine) who are 'retirados'. Mention one hobby or activity each person enjoys now that they are retired.
Origine du mot
The word 'retirado' comes from the verb 'retirar', which itself is derived from the Latin 'retrahere', meaning 'to draw back' or 'to pull back'. Over time, 'retirar' evolved to mean 'to withdraw', 'to remove', and in a social context, 'to retire from work'.
Sens originel : To draw back, to pull back.
Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Romance > SpanishContexte culturel
While 'retirado' is a neutral and common term, it's always respectful to acknowledge the individual's journey and contributions. Avoid language that might imply they are no longer valuable members of society. The focus is on a transition to a new, often cherished, phase of life.
In English-speaking cultures, retirement is also a significant life event, often associated with freedom, leisure, and pursuing hobbies. The emphasis might be more on individual pursuits and travel, though family involvement remains important.
Pratique dans la vie réelle
Contextes réels
Family discussions about older relatives.
- Mi abuelo está retirado.
- Mi tía se retiró el año pasado.
- Los padres de mi amigo son retirados.
Social settings and community centers.
- Actividades para retirados.
- Un club de señores retirados.
- El centro ofrece apoyo a los retirados.
News and media reports about demographics or social issues.
- El sector retirado de la población.
- Políticas para ciudadanos retirados.
- Los derechos de los retirados.
Discussions about work, careers, and retirement plans.
- Cuando esté retirado, viajaré.
- Es un profesor retirado.
- La empresa honró a sus empleados retirados.
Advertisements for services targeted at seniors.
- Ofertas para público retirado.
- Residencias para personas retiradas.
- Seguros para retirados.
Amorces de conversation
"¿Tus abuelos están retirados?"
"¿Qué crees que hace la gente cuando está retirada?"
"¿Has conocido a alguien que se jubiló muy joven, un prejubilado?"
"¿Cómo imaginas tu vida cuando estés retirado/a?"
"¿Qué consejos le darías a alguien que está a punto de retirarse?"
Sujets d'écriture
Describe a person in your life who is retired. What do they enjoy doing now?
Imagine you are retired. What would be the first three things you would do with your newfound free time?
Write about the advantages and disadvantages of being retired.
If you could design a perfect day for a retired person, what would it include?
Reflect on the societal role of retired individuals. How do you think they contribute to their communities?
Questions fréquentes
10 questionsPrimarily, yes. When referring to people, 'retirado' (and its feminine/plural forms) almost always means 'retired' from their job or profession. However, in other contexts, it can mean 'removed' or 'withdrawn'. For example, 'un documento retirado' means 'a withdrawn document'.
No, 'retirado' is used for people. You wouldn't say 'el perro está retirado'. For animals, you might say 'está viejo' (it's old) or 'ya no está activo' (it's no longer active).
'Retirado' and 'jubilado' are very similar and often interchangeable, both meaning 'retired'. 'Jubilado' is particularly common in Spain and emphasizes receiving a pension ('jubilación'). 'Retirado' is a more general term for having stopped working and is universally understood.
Yes, absolutely. 'Retirado' is an adjective, so it must agree in gender and number with the noun it describes. If you're talking about a man, it's 'retirado'. For a woman, it's 'retirada'. For a group of men or a mixed group, it's 'retirados'. For a group of women, it's 'retiradas'.
When referring to someone's status as retired from their career, you should use 'ser'. Retirement is considered a permanent state or characteristic. For example, 'Mi abuelo es retirado.' Using 'estar retirado' would imply being withdrawn from a specific situation or place, not necessarily from work permanently.
While 'retirado' can technically apply, the more specific term for someone who retired early is 'prejubilado'. This term highlights that they have retired before the standard retirement age.
'El sector retirado' translates to 'the retired sector' or 'the retired population'. It's a common phrase used in media and official contexts to refer to the group of people who are retired.
'Retirado' is a neutral word. It can be used in formal contexts (like legal documents or news reports) and informal contexts (like everyday conversations about family members).
Common activities include spending time with family (especially grandchildren), gardening, reading, traveling, meeting friends at cafes or clubs, pursuing hobbies like painting or music, and engaging in volunteer work.
Generally, no. 'Retirado' is a neutral term describing a life stage. It's often associated with well-deserved rest and leisure. However, like any status, context matters, but typically it's a positive or neutral description.
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Summary
The Spanish adjective 'retirado' (or its feminine/plural forms) means 'retired' and is used to describe someone who has permanently stopped working, typically after reaching retirement age. It is commonly used with the verb 'ser' to indicate this permanent state.
- Retired; having stopped working permanently.
- Describes someone who has finished their professional career.
- Often associated with leisure and post-work life.
- Adjective agrees in gender and number with the noun.
Master Agreement
Always remember that 'retirado' is an adjective and must agree with the noun it modifies. Check the gender (masculine/feminine) and number (singular/plural) of the person or people you are describing.
Use 'Ser' for Retirement
When talking about someone's career retirement, use the verb 'ser' (e.g., 'Él es retirado'). 'Ser' indicates a permanent state or characteristic, which retirement is considered to be.
Synonym Awareness
Familiarize yourself with 'jubilado' and 'pensionado'. While often interchangeable with 'retirado', they have subtle differences in emphasis (pension vs. general cessation of work) and regional usage.
Stress the Right Syllable
The stress in 'retirado' falls on the second-to-last syllable: re-ti-RA-do. Practicing this will make your pronunciation sound more natural.
Exemple
Mi abuelo es un profesor retirado.
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