Phrase in 30 Seconds
Birun (بیرون) is the essential Persian word for 'outside' or 'out', used for locations, directions, and social outings.
- Means: The space outside a building, room, or container.
- Used in: Describing weather, asking someone to go out, or giving directions.
- Don't confuse: With 'kharej' (خارج), which often refers to 'abroad' or formal 'exit'.
Explication à ton niveau :
Signification
Referring to the exterior or outer part.
Contexte culturel
Traditional Persian houses were divided into 'Biruni' (the public area for guests) and 'Andaruni' (the private family quarters). This word literally shaped how people lived. Iranians love 'birun raftan' (going out), which usually involves parks, walking in the mountains (like Darband), or sitting in cafes for hours. When leaving a house, guests might say 'birun' to indicate they are heading out, and the host will insist they stay longer.
The Ezafe Rule
Always add the '-e' sound (بیرونِ) if you are saying 'outside of [something]'.
Kharej vs Birun
If you say 'Man raftam kharej', people will think you moved to Europe or America, not that you stepped into the garden!
The Ezafe Rule
Always add the '-e' sound (بیرونِ) if you are saying 'outside of [something]'.
Kharej vs Birun
If you say 'Man raftam kharej', people will think you moved to Europe or America, not that you stepped into the garden!
Social Birun
Use 'Birun raftan' as a general term for 'hanging out'. It's very natural.
Teste-toi
Fill in the blank with the correct word for 'outside'.
هوا _______ خیلی گرم است.
'Birun' is the correct word for 'outside' when talking about weather.
Which sentence means 'Let's go out'?
Choose the correct invitation:
'Birun raftan' is the standard phrase for going out.
Match the Persian word to its English meaning.
Match the opposites:
Birun means outside.
Complete the dialogue.
A: علی کجاست؟ B: او در حیاط، _______ است.
If he is in the yard, he is 'birun' (outside).
🎉 Score : /4
Aides visuelles
Birun vs Kharej
Banque d exercices
5 exercicesهوا _______ خیلی گرم است.
'Birun' is the correct word for 'outside' when talking about weather.
Choose the correct invitation:
'Birun raftan' is the standard phrase for going out.
Associez chaque element a gauche avec son pair a droite :
Birun means outside.
A: علی کجاست؟ B: او در حیاط، _______ است.
If he is in the yard, he is 'birun' (outside).
🎉 Score : /5
Questions fréquentes
6 questionsIt is neutral and used in both formal writing and casual speech.
No, use 'kharej az keshvar' or just 'kharej' for abroad.
The opposite is 'dakhel' (داخل) or 'darun' (درون).
You say 'Boro birun!' (برو بیرون!).
No, it is an adverb/noun that usually stays in its base form.
Yes, 'berun' is an older or dialectal pronunciation of 'birun'.
Expressions liées
بیرون رفتن
builds onTo go out / To exit
خارج
synonymOutside / Abroad
درون
contrastInside / Interior
Où l'utiliser
Checking the weather
Sara: هوا بیرون چطور است؟ (How is the weather outside?)
Ali: بیرون خیلی سرد است! (It's very cold outside!)
At a restaurant
Waiter: داخل مینشینید یا بیرون؟ (Will you sit inside or outside?)
Customer: لطفاً بیرون. (Outside, please.)
Looking for someone
Mom: رضا کجاست؟ (Where is Reza?)
Sister: او رفت بیرون. (He went out.)
Mémorise-le
Moyen mnémotechnique
Think of 'Birun' as 'Be-Room' (but the opposite). If you aren't in the room, you are Birun!
Association visuelle
Imagine a bright blue door. When you step through it away from the house, you are in the 'Birun' (the blue sky area).
Rhyme
Birun, barun (outside, rain). If you go birun, you might see barun!
Story
A cat was inside a box. It felt cramped. It jumped 'birun' to catch a bird. Now it is happy 'birun' in the garden.
In Other Languages
In English, 'out' or 'outside'. In Hindi/Urdu, 'baahar' (बाहर) shares a distant linguistic connection to the 'b-' sound for 'out'.
Word Web
Défi
Try to use 'birun' three times today: once for the weather, once for a location, and once to invite someone to do something.
Review this word alongside its opposite 'dakhel' (inside) to create a strong mental anchor.
Prononciation
Like the English word 'bee'.
Like 'moon' but with an 'r'.
Spectre de formalité
خارج شوید. (Commanding someone to leave.)
بیرون بروید. (Commanding someone to leave.)
برو بیرون. (Commanding someone to leave.)
بزن بیرون! (Commanding someone to leave.)
Derived from Middle Persian 'bērōn', which is a combination of 'bē' (out) and 'rōn' (side).
Le savais-tu ?
The 'rōn' part of 'birun' is related to the word for 'way' or 'direction' in several ancient Indo-European languages.
Notes culturelles
Traditional Persian houses were divided into 'Biruni' (the public area for guests) and 'Andaruni' (the private family quarters). This word literally shaped how people lived.
“بخش بیرونی خانه (The outer/public section of the house).”
Iranians love 'birun raftan' (going out), which usually involves parks, walking in the mountains (like Darband), or sitting in cafes for hours.
“جمعهها همه میروند بیرون. (On Fridays, everyone goes out.)”
When leaving a house, guests might say 'birun' to indicate they are heading out, and the host will insist they stay longer.
“ببخشید، من باید بروم بیرون. (Sorry, I have to go out/leave.)”
Amorces de conversation
هوا بیرون چطور است؟
دوست داری امشب برویم بیرون؟
آخرین باری که رفتی بیرون کی بود؟
Erreurs courantes
من رفتم خارج.
من رفتم بیرون.
L1 Interference
بیرون خانه سرد است (without Ezafe in speech).
بیرونِ خانه سرد است.
L1 Interference
در بیرون!
بیرون!
L1 Interference
In Other Languages
Fuera
Spanish uses 'afuera' more for movement, while Persian uses 'birun' for both.
Dehors
French often requires 'en dehors de' for 'outside of', similar to the Persian Ezafe.
Draußen
German distinguishes between 'draußen' (location) and 'nach draußen' (direction), whereas Persian uses 'birun' for both.
外 (Soto)
Japanese usage is very tied to social hierarchy and group boundaries.
خارج (Kharij)
In Arabic, 'kharij' is the standard; in Persian, 'birun' is more common for 'outdoors'.
Spotted in the Real World
“بیا بیرون از خونه... (Come out of the house...)”
A famous song inviting a lover to come out and see the world.
“برو بیرون! (Go out!)”
Nader tells the caregiver to leave the apartment during a heated argument.
“امروز هوا بیرون عالیه! #تهران”
Common caption for photos taken outdoors.
Facile à confondre
Learners use it for 'outside the room'.
Use 'birun' for physical location and 'kharej' for 'abroad' or formal 'exit'.
Sounds like 'going out' but means 'to escape'.
Don't confuse the preposition 'dar' with the verb 'birun raftan'.
Questions fréquentes (6)
It is neutral and used in both formal writing and casual speech.
basic understandingNo, use 'kharej az keshvar' or just 'kharej' for abroad.
usage contextsThe opposite is 'dakhel' (داخل) or 'darun' (درون).
basic understandingYou say 'Boro birun!' (برو بیرون!).
practical tipsNo, it is an adverb/noun that usually stays in its base form.
grammar mechanicsYes, 'berun' is an older or dialectal pronunciation of 'birun'.
comparisons
