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A2 noun #7,000 le plus courant 9 min de lecture

کلاغ

kalagh Top 7,000

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces کلاغ en 30 secondes

Explication کلاغ in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'Kalāgh' is introduced as a basic animal name. Students learn that it means 'crow' and is associated with the color black (siyāh). At this stage, the focus is on simple identification. You might say 'In yek kalāgh ast' (This is a crow). You learn the sound it makes, 'qār-qār', which helps with basic onomatopoeia. The word is used in very simple sentences to practice the verb 'to be' (budan) and 'to have' (dāshtan). For example, 'Kalāgh par dārad' (The crow has feathers). It's a foundational noun for building a basic vocabulary of the natural world. Learners also encounter it in the very common ending of children's stories, helping them recognize the word through repetition in cultural contexts.

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At the A2 level, you begin to use 'Kalāgh' in more descriptive sentences and simple stories. You learn to use adjectives with it, such as 'Kalāgh-e bozorg' (big crow) or 'Kalāgh-e bāhoosh' (intelligent crow). You start to see the word in the context of the environment, like 'Kalāgh ruye derakht ast' (The crow is on the tree). This level also introduces the basic plural form 'kalāgh-hā'. You might also learn the very famous idiom 'Yek kalāgh, chehel kalāgh' as a way to understand how Persian uses animals to describe human behavior (exaggeration). You can now describe what a crow is doing using present continuous verbs, like 'Kalāgh dārad parvāz mikonad' (The crow is flying).

At the B1 level, 'Kalāgh' appears in more complex narratives and more nuanced idioms. You study fables like 'The Crow and the Fox' where the crow is a central character, allowing you to discuss themes of flattery and intelligence. You understand the role of the crow in the Iranian urban landscape and can discuss its social behavior using more advanced verbs. You start to distinguish between 'Kalāgh' and its synonyms like 'Zāgh' in literature. Your grammar becomes more sophisticated, using relative clauses: 'Kalāghi ke emruz didam, kheyli sar-o-sedā mikard' (The crow I saw today was making a lot of noise). You also begin to understand the cultural connotation of the crow as a long-lived bird and a messenger of winter.

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At the B2 level, you explore 'Kalāgh' in the context of Persian folklore and superstition. You can discuss why some people consider the crow a bird of bad omen while others admire its intelligence. You use the word in debate and discussion, perhaps comparing the symbolic meaning of crows in Western vs. Persian culture. You are comfortable with the word in all its grammatical forms, including its use in compound verbs or as part of complex metaphors in modern Persian prose. You might read short stories by authors like Sadegh Hedayat where the crow's presence adds to the atmosphere of the narrative. You also master the subtle difference between 'Kalāgh' and 'Ghorāb' (the literary raven).

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At the C1 level, 'Kalāgh' is analyzed through the lens of classical and modern poetry. You study how poets like Nima Yushij use the crow to symbolize the herald of a new era or a witness to the passage of time. You understand the deep intertextuality of the crow in Persian literature, from the 'Shāhnāmeh' to contemporary works. You can write analytical essays about the bird's symbolic evolution. You also understand the linguistic history of the word and its cognates in other Indo-European languages. Your use of 'Kalāgh' in speech is indistinguishable from a native speaker, including the correct use of all related proverbs and the ability to use the word ironically or sarcastically in social commentary.

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At the C2 level, 'Kalāgh' is a tool for professional-level linguistic and cultural analysis. You can discuss the bird's role in Persian mythology, its appearance in Zoroastrian texts, and its transformation through the Islamic period. You can translate complex literary passages involving the crow, capturing the exact tone and register—whether it's the colloquial 'Kalāgh' of a street song or the majestic 'Ghorāb' of a mystical ghazal. You have a mastery over the most obscure idioms and historical references related to the bird. For you, 'Kalāgh' is not just a bird, but a multifaceted symbol that reflects the complexity of the Persian psyche and its relationship with nature and the supernatural.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

کلاغ en 30 secondes

Kalāgh is the Persian word for crow, a large, black, and highly intelligent bird found throughout Iran.
It is a common noun used in everyday speech, children's stories, and famous Persian proverbs about rumors.
The word is pronounced with a soft 'ā' and a deep 'gh' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers.
Culturally, it can represent anything from a simple messenger to a symbol of longevity or even a source of gossip.

The Persian word کلاغ (Kalāgh) refers to the crow, a bird that holds a significant place in the Iranian landscape, literature, and folklore. While primarily a biological term for birds of the genus Corvus, its usage extends far beyond simple ornithology. In everyday Persian, calling something a 'kalāgh' immediately evokes images of black feathers, a sharp beak, and the distinctive 'qār-qār' (caw-caw) sound. Iranians encounter crows everywhere—from the bustling parks of Tehran to the quiet walnut groves of the Alborz mountains.

Literal Meaning: The word specifically denotes the common crow. It is a noun used to describe the intelligent, black-feathered bird known for its problem-solving abilities and social nature.
Symbolic Resonance: In Persian culture, the crow is often seen as a messenger. However, unlike the pigeon which brings good news, the crow is sometimes associated with the spread of rumors or the arrival of winter. It is also a symbol of longevity, as folklore suggests crows live for hundreds of years.

یک کلاغ روی شاخه درخت گردو نشسته است.
(A crow is sitting on the walnut tree branch.)

When using this word, speakers often imply more than just the bird's presence. Because crows are known for their loud, repetitive calls, the word can be used metaphorically to describe someone who talks too much or spreads gossip. In children's stories, the crow is a staple character, often portrayed as clever but sometimes outsmarted by the fox. The word 'Kalāgh' is neutral in formality, used by scientists and toddlers alike.

صدای کلاغ‌ها در پاییز غمگین است.
(The sound of crows in autumn is sad.)

Urban Context: In cities like Tehran, 'Kalāgh' is synonymous with the winter landscape. When the trees lose their leaves, the large black silhouettes of crows become the most visible part of the nature in the city.

In summary, 'Kalāgh' is a foundational noun. Whether you are describing a scene in nature, telling a folk tale, or using an idiom about rumors, this word is indispensable for reaching A2 proficiency and beyond. It represents a bridge between the physical world and the rich metaphorical world of Persian literature.

Using کلاغ (Kalāgh) in a sentence follows standard Persian noun grammar. It can act as a subject, object, or part of a prepositional phrase. Because it is a countable noun, it takes the plural suffix '-hā' (کلاغ‌ها) or '-ān' (کلاغان) in formal literature. Understanding the placement of this word helps in building descriptive and narrative skills.

As a Simple Subject: When the crow is the doer of the action, it usually appears at the beginning of the sentence in Persian SOV (Subject-Object-Verb) structure.

کلاغ پنیر را دزدید.
(The crow stole the cheese.) - A classic reference to Aesop's fables.

When describing the attributes of a crow, we use the Ezafe construction (-e). For example, 'the black crow' becomes 'Kalāgh-e siyāh'. This is the most common way to add detail to your sentences. Note that because crows are living beings, they can take the plural marker '-hā' in spoken Persian and '-ān' in very formal or poetic contexts.

من دو کلاغ روی پشت‌بام دیدم.
(I saw two crows on the roof.) - Note that after numbers, the noun remains singular.

In Prepositional Phrases: You will often find 'Kalāgh' following prepositions like 'be' (to), 'az' (from), or 'dar' (in).

او مثل یک کلاغ به اشیای براق علاقه دارد.
(He is interested in shiny objects like a crow.)

Finally, in complex sentences, 'Kalāgh' can be the object of a relative clause. For example, 'The crow that I saw yesterday was very large.' In Persian: 'کلاغی که دیروز دیدم خیلی بزرگ بود.' (Kalāghi ke diruz didam kheyli bozorg bud). Mastering these patterns allows you to use 'Kalāgh' in narratives, descriptions, and comparisons effectively.

The word کلاغ (Kalāgh) is a staple of the Iranian auditory environment. You don't just see them; you hear about them in various contexts ranging from daily gossip to high literature. Understanding these contexts will help you recognize the word in the wild.

Daily Conversations and Gossip: The most common place to hear 'Kalāgh' is in the idiom 'Yek Kalāgh, Chehel Kalāgh'. When Iranians think someone is exaggerating a story, they will say this. If you hear someone say 'Bāz ham kalāgh-hā khabar āvardand' (The crows brought news again), they are usually talking about rumors or hearsay.

شایعات مثل کلاغ‌ پرواز می‌کنند.
(Rumors fly like crows.)

In Iranian parks, especially in the late afternoon, the 'qār-qār' of crows is the dominant sound. Parents often point them out to children, saying 'Negāh kon, kalāgh!' (Look, a crow!). This makes it one of the first bird names an Iranian child learns. You will also hear it in weather discussions, as the gathering of crows is often seen as a sign of an approaching cold front or snow.

صدای کلاغ نشانه آمدن زمستان است.
(The sound of the crow is a sign of winter's arrival.)

In Literature and Media: From the fables of 'Kalila and Demna' to the modern poetry of Nima Yushij, the crow is a frequent guest. In movies and TV shows, a crow cawing is often used as a sound effect to create a lonely, eerie, or wintry atmosphere. If you watch Iranian cinema, pay attention to scenes set in old gardens; the crow is almost always there.

Finally, you will hear it in the famous ending of many Persian folktales: 'Qesse-ye mā be sar rasid, kalāghe be khunash naresid' (Our story came to an end, but the crow never reached its home). This phrase is etched into the childhood of every Persian speaker.

While کلاغ (Kalāgh) is a simple noun, English speakers and learners often make specific errors regarding its pronunciation, pluralization, and metaphorical usage. Avoiding these will make your Persian sound much more natural.

Pronunciation of the 'Gh' (غ): The biggest hurdle is the final 'gh' sound. It is a voiced uvular fricative, similar to the French 'r' or the 'g' in 'Aghast' but deeper in the throat. English speakers often pronounce it like a hard 'g' (as in 'dog') or a 'k'. Pronouncing it as 'Kalāg' is a common mistake. It should be smooth and resonant.

اشتباه: من یک کلاگ دیدم. درست: من یک کلاغ دیدم.
(Wrong: I saw a 'Kalag'. Right: I saw a 'Kalāgh'.)

Another mistake involves confusing 'Kalāgh' with other birds. Learners often use 'Kalāgh' for any black bird, including the magpie (Zāghi) or the raven (Ghorāb). While 'Kalāgh' is a safe general term, using it for a nightingale (Bolbol) or a sparrow (Gonjeshk) would be a significant error. Also, be careful with the plural. In English, we say 'ten crows', but in Persian, after a number, you must keep the noun singular: 'dah kalāgh', NOT 'dah kalāgh-hā'.

اشتباه: پنج کلاغ‌ها پرواز کردند. درست: پنج کلاغ پرواز کردند.
(Wrong: Five crows [plural] flew. Right: Five crow [singular] flew.)

Misusing Idioms: Learners often try to translate the English idiom 'to eat crow' (to admit being wrong) literally into Persian. This does not work and will confuse native speakers. In Persian, 'eating a crow' has no idiomatic meaning. Instead, use Persian-specific idioms like 'Yek Kalāgh, Chehel Kalāgh' correctly to describe exaggeration.

Lastly, avoid using 'Kalāgh' to describe a person's appearance unless you are specifically referring to their voice being harsh. Using it for someone wearing black is not common; instead, Iranians use the word 'Siyāh-push' (black-wearer).

While کلاغ (Kalāgh) is the most common term, the Persian language offers several nuances for black birds and related concepts. Knowing these will enrich your vocabulary and help you understand more complex texts.

زاغ (Zāgh): This word often refers to a raven or a specific type of crow with some white or colored feathers (like a magpie). In poetry, 'Zāgh' is frequently contrasted with 'Bolbol' (the nightingale). While the nightingale represents the lover and beauty, the 'Zāgh' represents the harsh reality or the unrefined critic.
غراب (Ghorāb): This is an Arabic loanword used in formal Persian and classical literature to mean 'Raven'. It carries a more somber, heavy, and sometimes mystical connotation than the everyday 'Kalāgh'. You will find it in the works of Hafez or Rumi.

تفاوت میان کلاغ و زاغ در رنگ پرهایشان است.
(The difference between a crow and a magpie/raven is in their feather colors.)

If you want to talk about birds in general, the word is 'Parandeh' (پرنده). If you are looking for a bird that is often confused with the crow in urban settings, consider the 'Yākarim' (Eurasian Collared Dove), though they look nothing alike, they are both ubiquitous in Iranian cities. For 'Magpie', specifically, 'Zāghi' is the most accurate term.

کلاغ سیاه است، اما کبوتر سفید است.
(The crow is black, but the pigeon is white.)

Comparison Table

Kalāgh: Common crow, everyday use.
Zāgh: Raven/Magpie, poetic contrast to beauty.
Ghorāb: Literary Raven, Arabic origin, very formal.
Zāghi: Specifically Magpie, often associated with stealing shiny things.

By understanding these alternatives, you can better appreciate the specific imagery an author or speaker is trying to convey. Whether it's the humble crow in the backyard or the ominous raven in a classic poem, you now have the tools to distinguish them.

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

The sound 'qār-qār' associated with the crow is one of the oldest onomatopoeias in human language, reflected in the 'cr' of 'crow' and 'cr' of 'croak'.

Guide de prononciation

UK /kæˈlɑːɡ/

US /kəˈlɑːɡ/

The stress is on the second syllable: ka-LĀGH.

Rime avec

Bāgh (Garden) Dāgh (Hot) Zāgh (Raven) Cherāgh (Lamp) Farāgh (Leisure) Alāgh (Donkey - colloquial) Damāgh (Nose) Yeylāgh (Summer pasture)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing 'gh' as a hard 'g' (Kalag).
Pronouncing 'gh' as a 'k' (Kalak).
Shortening the long 'ā' (Kalagh instead of Kalāgh).
Using a 'v' sound at the end.
Stressing the first syllable.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 2/5

Easy to recognize due to its unique shape and common usage.

Écriture 3/5

The 'gh' at the end requires attention to the letter 'غ'.

Expression orale 4/5

The 'gh' sound is difficult for many non-native speakers to master.

Écoute 2/5

Very distinct sound, especially when combined with 'qār-qār'.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

پرنده (Bird) سیاه (Black) درخت (Tree) صدا (Sound) باهوش (Smart)

Apprends ensuite

عقاب (Eagle) کبوتر (Pigeon) گنجشک (Sparrow) بال (Wing) پرواز (Flight)

Avancé

غراب (Raven) شوم (Ominous) منقار (Beak) تجسد (Embodiment) زوال (Decline)

Grammaire à connaître

Ezafe Construction

کلاغِ سیاه (The black crow)

Plural with -hā

کلاغ‌ها (Crows)

Numbers + Singular Noun

سه کلاغ (Three crows)

Object Marker 'rā'

کلاغ را دیدم (I saw the crow)

Preposition 'ru-ye'

روی کلاغ (On the crow)

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Exemples par niveau

این یک کلاغ سیاه است.

This is a black crow.

Simple sentence with 'in' (this) and 'ast' (is).

کلاغ می‌گوید: قار قار.

The crow says: caw caw.

Using the verb 'goftan' (to say) for animal sounds.

کلاغ دو بال دارد.

The crow has two wings.

Using the verb 'dāshtan' (to have).

یک کلاغ روی درخت است.

A crow is on the tree.

Using the preposition 'ru-ye' (on).

من کلاغ را دوست دارم.

I like the crow.

Direct object with 'rā'.

کلاغ کوچک نیست.

The crow is not small.

Negative form of 'ast' (nist).

نام این پرنده کلاغ است.

The name of this bird is crow.

Ezafe construction 'nām-e in parandeh'.

کلاغ نان می‌خورد.

The crow eats bread.

Present simple tense of 'khordan'.

کلاغ‌ها در زمستان به شهر می‌آیند.

Crows come to the city in winter.

Plural subject 'kalāgh-hā' and prepositional phrase.

آن کلاغ خیلی باهوش است.

That crow is very intelligent.

Using the demonstrative 'ān' (that) and the adjective 'bāhoosh'.

کلاغ روی دیوار نشسته بود.

The crow was sitting on the wall.

Past continuous/perfect state 'neshaste bud'.

صدای کلاغ را شنیدی؟

Did you hear the crow's sound?

Simple past question with 'shenidan'.

کلاغ پرواز کرد و رفت.

The crow flew and went away.

Compound sentence with two past tense verbs.

چند کلاغ در آسمان هستند؟

How many crows are in the sky?

Question with 'chand' (how many).

کلاغ از روباه ترسید.

The crow was afraid of the fox.

Verb 'tarsidan' with the preposition 'az'.

رنگ کلاغ کاملاً سیاه است.

The crow's color is completely black.

Adverb 'kāmelan' modifying the adjective.

کلاغ با زیرکی تکه پنیر را از روباه پس گرفت.

The crow cleverly took the piece of cheese back from the fox.

Use of the noun 'ziraki' (cleverness) as an adverbial phrase.

در بسیاری از فرهنگ‌ها، کلاغ نماد طول عمر است.

In many cultures, the crow is a symbol of longevity.

Use of 'namād' (symbol) and 'tul-e omr' (longevity).

وقتی کلاغ قارقار می‌کند، یعنی خبری در راه است.

When the crow caws, it means news is on the way.

Conditional 'vaqti... ya'ni' structure.

کلاغ‌ها حافظه بسیار خوبی برای چهره‌ها دارند.

Crows have a very good memory for faces.

Complex noun phrase 'hāfeze-ye besyār khub'.

او مثل کلاغ هر چیز درخشانی را جمع می‌کند.

He collects every shiny thing like a crow.

Simile using 'mesl-e' (like).

کلاغ پیر روی بلندترین شاخه چنار نشسته بود.

The old crow was perched on the highest branch of the plane tree.

Superlative adjective 'boland-tarin'.

هیچ‌کس صدای کلاغ را به آواز بلبل ترجیح نمی‌دهد.

No one prefers the crow's sound to the nightingale's song.

Verb 'tarjih dādan' (to prefer) with 'be'.

کلاغ‌ها معمولاً به صورت گروهی زندگی می‌کنند.

Crows usually live in groups.

Adverb 'ma'mulan' and 'be surate gorouhi' (socially/in groups).

ضرب‌المثل «یک کلاغ، چهل کلاغ» به غلو کردن در خبرها اشاره دارد.

The proverb 'one crow, forty crows' refers to exaggerating news.

Discussion of a proverb using 'eshāreh dārad' (refers to).

کلاغ در ادبیات مدرن ایران گاهی نماد تنهایی و غربت است.

The crow in modern Iranian literature is sometimes a symbol of loneliness and exile.

Abstract nouns 'tanhāyi' and 'ghorbat'.

دانشمندان بر این باورند که کلاغ‌ها توانایی حل مسائل پیچیده را دارند.

Scientists believe that crows have the ability to solve complex problems.

Formal phrase 'bar in bāvarand ke' (believe that).

غروب که می‌شود، هجوم کلاغ‌ها به درختان بلند شهر دیدنی است.

When sunset comes, the swarm of crows to the city's tall trees is a sight to behold.

Subordinate clause starting with 'Ghorub ke mishavad'.

کلاغ با وجود ظاهر سیاهش، در برخی داستان‌ها موجودی خیرخواه است.

Despite its black appearance, the crow is a benevolent creature in some stories.

Contrastive phrase 'bā vojud-e' (despite).

او با دقت کلاغ، تمام جزئیات محیط را زیر نظر داشت.

With the precision of a crow, he monitored all the details of the environment.

Metaphorical use of 'deqqat-e kalāgh' (crow's precision).

آیا کلاغ‌ها واقعاً می‌توانند حرف زدن انسان را تقلید کنند؟

Can crows really imitate human speech?

Modal verb 'tavānestan' with 'taqlid kardan'.

صدای ناهنجار کلاغ آرامش صبحگاهی باغ را بر هم زد.

The crow's jarring sound disrupted the morning peace of the garden.

Complex subject and the verb 'bar ham zadan' (to disrupt).

نیما یوشیج در اشعار خود از کلاغ به عنوان شاهدی بر زوال سنت‌ها بهره می‌برد.

Nima Yushij uses the crow in his poems as a witness to the decline of traditions.

Literary analysis vocabulary: 'shāhed' (witness), 'zavāl' (decline).

تضاد میان سیاهی کلاغ و سپیدی برف، مضمونی تکرارشونده در نقاشی‌های معاصر است.

The contrast between the crow's blackness and the snow's whiteness is a recurring theme in contemporary paintings.

Noun 'tazād' (contrast) and 'mazmun-e tekrār-shavandeh' (recurring theme).

کلاغ، برخلاف آنچه عامه می‌پندارند، نقشی حیاتی در تعادل اکوسیستم ایفا می‌کند.

The crow, contrary to what the public thinks, plays a vital role in balancing the ecosystem.

Formal phrase 'bar-khallāf-e ānche... mipandārand' (contrary to what... think).

در متون کهن، گاهی از کلاغ با نام «زاغ» یاد شده که حامل پیام‌های غیبی است.

In ancient texts, the crow is sometimes referred to as 'Zagh', carrying occult messages.

Passive construction 'yād shodeh' (is remembered/referred to).

نویسنده با استفاده از استعاره کلاغ، به نقد ریاکاری در جامعه می‌پردازد.

The author uses the crow metaphor to criticize hypocrisy in society.

Verb 'be naqd... pardākhtan' (to engage in the criticism of...).

رفتارشناسی کلاغ‌ها نشان‌دهنده سطوح بالایی از خودآگاهی در این پرندگان است.

The ethology of crows indicates high levels of self-awareness in these birds.

Scientific term 'raftārshenāsi' (ethology) and 'khod-āgāhi' (self-awareness).

کلاغ در اساطیر ایران باستان، گاه به عنوان همراه ایزدان تصویر می‌شد.

In ancient Iranian mythology, the crow was sometimes depicted as a companion to the gods.

Historical context and 'tasvir mishod' (was depicted).

هوش سرشار کلاغ، آن را به یکی از موفق‌ترین گونه‌های جانوری تبدیل کرده است.

The crow's abundant intelligence has turned it into one of the most successful animal species.

Causal structure using '... rā be ... tabdil kardeh ast'.

واکاوی پدیدارشناختی حضور کلاغ در سینمای کیارستمی، لایه‌های جدیدی از معنا را آشکار می‌سازد.

A phenomenological analysis of the crow's presence in Kiarostami's cinema reveals new layers of meaning.

High-level academic vocabulary: 'vākāvi-ye padidārshenākhti'.

کلاغ در این منظومه، نه یک پرنده، بلکه تجسد وجدان بیدار شاعر است.

In this poem, the crow is not a bird, but the embodiment of the poet's awakened conscience.

Philosophical term 'tajassod' (embodiment) and 'vojdān' (conscience).

گردش کلاغان بر فراز ویرانه‌ها، استعاره‌ای از استمرار حیات در دل مرگ است.

The circling of crows over ruins is a metaphor for the continuity of life in the heart of death.

Poetic plural 'kalāghān' and abstract contrast.

بررسی تطبیقی جایگاه کلاغ در ادبیات کلاسیک فارسی و غربی، تفاوت‌های جهان‌بینی دو تمدن را هویدا می‌کند.

A comparative study of the crow's place in Persian and Western classical literature reveals the differences in the worldviews of the two civilizations.

Academic phrase 'barresi-ye tatbiqi' (comparative study).

نویسنده در این جستار، به بازخوانی اسطوره کلاغ در بستر مدرنیته می‌پردازد.

In this essay, the author re-examines the myth of the crow within the context of modernity.

Formal term 'jostār' (essay) and 'bāz-khāni' (re-reading/re-examining).

سیاهی مطلق پرهای کلاغ در این اثر، نمادی از نیستی و عدم در فلسفه اشراق است.

The absolute blackness of the crow's feathers in this work is a symbol of nothingness in Illuminationist philosophy.

Philosophical terms 'nisti' (nothingness) and 'falsafe-ye eshrāq'.

کلاغ در روایت‌های فولکلوریک، مرز میان دانایی زمینی و حکمت آسمانی را در می‌نوردد.

In folkloric narratives, the crow traverses the boundary between earthly knowledge and heavenly wisdom.

Complex verb 'dar navardidan' (to traverse/cross).

زبان گزنده و منتقدانه شاعر، در قالب قارقار کلاغی پیر تجلی یافته است.

The poet's biting and critical language is manifested in the cawing of an old crow.

Metaphorical 'tajalli yāfteh ast' (has been manifested).

Collocations courantes

صدای کلاغ

کلاغ سیاه

قارقار کلاغ

دسته کلاغ‌ها

جوجه کلاغ

لانه کلاغ

هوش کلاغ

کلاغ پیر

پر کلاغ

کلاغ و روباه

Phrases Courantes

کلاغ پر

— A popular children's game similar to 'Simon Says' but with flying things.

بچه‌ها داشتند کلاغ‌پر بازی می‌کردند.

کلاغ به خونش نرسید

— The standard ending to Persian folktales, meaning the story is over.

قصه‌ی ما به سر رسید، کلاغه به خونش نرسید.

مثل کلاغ

— Used to describe someone who likes shiny things or is very curious.

او مثل کلاغ به طلا علاقه دارد.

صدای کلاغ آمدن

— A sign of bad news or winter arriving.

صدای کلاغ می‌آید، حتماً برف می‌بارد.

کلاغ صفت

— Someone who is greedy or opportunistic (rare/insulting).

او مردی کلاغ‌صفت است.

کلاغ‌رو

— A person who walks or moves like a crow (rarely used).

پیرمرد کلاغ‌رو به سمت خانه رفت.

کلاغ‌وار

— Doing something in the manner of a crow.

کلاغ‌وار به اطراف نگاه می‌کرد.

کلاغ‌نشین

— A place where many crows gather.

این باغ کلاغ‌نشین است.

کلاغ‌خور

— Something that has been partially eaten or ruined (colloquial).

این گردوها کلاغ‌خور شده‌اند.

کلاغ‌نامه

— A long, rambling, or nonsensical letter (slang/rare).

این کلاغ‌نامه را چرا برای من فرستادی؟

Souvent confondu avec

کلاغ vs کلا ک (Kalāk)

Not a word, but a common mispronunciation.

کلاغ vs زاغ (Zāgh)

Often used interchangeably but refers more to ravens or magpies in technical contexts.

کلاغ vs کلاه (Kolāh)

Means 'Hat'. Sounds similar to a beginner.

Expressions idiomatiques

"یک کلاغ، چهل کلاغ کردن"

— To exaggerate a story or spread a rumor until it becomes much larger than the truth.

مراقب باش! او همیشه یک کلاغ، چهل کلاغ می‌کند.

Informal/Common

"کلاغ خواست راه رفتن کبک را یاد بگیرد، راه رفتن خودش را هم یادش رفت"

— Trying to imitate someone else and losing your own identity/skills in the process.

ادا در نیاور! کلاغ خواست راه رفتن کبک را یاد بگیرد...

Proverbial

"کلاغ که از باغ قهر کند، یک گردو به نفع صاحب باغ است"

— When an annoying person leaves, it's actually a benefit to others.

بگذار برود! کلاغ که از باغ قهر کند...

Proverbial

"خبر را از کلاغ شنیدن"

— To hear news through the grapevine or rumors.

خبر ازدواجت را از کلاغ‌ها شنیدم.

Informal

"صدای کلاغ در باغ بلبل"

— Something out of place, ugly in a beautiful setting, or a bad singer.

خواندن او مثل صدای کلاغ در باغ بلبل است.

Poetic/Critical

"کلاغ از قارقار خودش نمی‌ترسد"

— People are not bothered by their own faults or annoying habits.

او نمی‌فهمد چقدر حرف می‌زند؛ کلاغ از قارقار خودش...

Informal

"کلاغ را جای بلبل رنگ کردن و فروختن"

— To deceive someone by passing off something worthless as something valuable.

مواظب باش این ماشین را به تو نیندازند؛ کلاغ را جای بلبل...

Slang/Common

"مگر کلاغ‌ها خبر آورده‌اند؟"

— How did you find out? (Used when someone knows a secret).

از کجا فهمیدی؟ مگر کلاغ‌ها خبر آورده‌اند؟

Informal

"کلاغ سر سیاه"

— A metaphor for humans (sometimes used in mystical poetry).

کلاغ سر سیاه چه می‌داند از عالم غیب؟

Literary

"کلاغ هم برای بچه‌اش قشنگ است"

— A mother always thinks her child is beautiful, regardless of reality.

او فکر می‌کند پسرش نابغه است؛ کلاغ هم برای بچه‌اش...

Informal/Proverbial

Facile à confondre

کلاغ vs کلاه

Similar vowels.

Kolāh means 'hat', Kalāgh means 'crow'. The final consonant is completely different.

کلاهم را برداشتم، کلاغ را دیدم.

کلاغ vs کالای

Visual similarity in script.

Kālā means 'goods/merchandise'.

این کالا گران است.

کلاغ vs الاغ

Rhymes perfectly.

Olāgh means 'donkey'.

الاغ در دشت است، کلاغ در هوا.

کلاغ vs چراغ

Rhymes perfectly.

Cherāgh means 'lamp/light'.

چراغ روشن است.

کلاغ vs باغ

Rhymes perfectly.

Bāgh means 'garden'.

کلاغ در باغ است.

Structures de phrases

این [noun] است.

این کلاغ است.

[noun] روی [place] است.

کلاغ روی درخت است.

من شنیدم که [noun] ...

من شنیدم که کلاغ‌ها باهوش هستند.

اگر [noun] ...، آن وقت ...

اگر کلاغ قارقار کند، باران می‌بارد.

با وجود [noun]، ...

با وجود کلاغ‌های زیاد، شهر ساکت بود.

حضور [noun] در [context] نشان‌دهنده ...

حضور کلاغ در شعر نیما نشان‌دهنده زوال است.

من [noun] را می‌بینم.

من کلاغ را می‌بینم.

[noun] مثل [noun] است.

او مثل کلاغ است.

Famille de mots

Noms

کلاغ‌سانان (Corvidae)

کلاغ‌پر (The game)

زاغ (Raven/Magpie)

Verbes

قارقار کردن (To caw)

Adjectifs

کلاغ‌صفت (Crow-like/Greedy)

کلاغ‌خور (Crow-eaten)

Apparenté

پرنده (Bird)

پر (Feather)

بال (Wing)

منقار (Beak)

لانه (Nest)

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

Very common in both spoken and written Persian.

Erreurs courantes

Using 'Kalāgh-hā' after numbers. → Se kalāgh (Three crows).
In Persian, nouns following a number must remain in the singular form.
Pronouncing 'gh' as 'g'. → Kalāgh (with a throat sound).
The 'g' sound is different from the 'gh' sound in Persian. 'Kalāg' sounds like a foreign accent.
Translating 'eat crow' literally. → Use 'e'terāf be eshtebāh' (admitting mistake).
Idioms rarely translate literally between English and Persian.
Confusing 'Kalāgh' with 'Kolāh' (hat). → Kalāgh (crow).
One ends in 'gh' and the other in 'h'. They are completely unrelated.
Using 'Zāgh' in everyday conversation about a common crow. → Kalāgh.
'Zāgh' is too formal or poetic for just pointing out a bird in the park.

Astuces

The Log Mnemonic

Picture a crow sitting on a log. Crow + Log = Kalāgh. This helps bridge the English and Persian sounds.

Story Ending

Always remember the crow at the end of stories. It's the most iconic cultural link for this word.

Singular after Numbers

Never say 'do kalāgh-hā'. Always say 'do kalāgh'. This is a rule for all Persian nouns.

The Deep GH

Don't be afraid to make a little noise in your throat for the 'gh'. It's what makes the word sound authentic.

The Zāgh Alternative

If you see 'Zāgh' in a poem, think of it as a 'fancy crow'.

Look at the Trees

In any Iranian city, look at the tallest trees. You will almost certainly see a 'Kalāgh' and hear its 'qār-qār'.

Rumor Alert

Use 'yek kalāgh chehel kalāgh' when your friends are gossiping. They will be very impressed!

The Letter Ghayn

The letter 'غ' looks like a bird's head in some calligraphic styles. Use that to remember it's in 'Kalāgh'.

Onomatopoeia

Listen for 'qār-qār'. It's the universal sign that the word 'Kalāgh' is coming next.

Politeness

Avoid calling people 'Kalāgh' directly as it's usually not a compliment.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Imagine a **COLOR**ful **LOG** (Kalāgh) that is actually just a black crow sitting on a log.

Association visuelle

Visualize a giant black crow wearing a crown (similar sound to 'crow') sitting on a Persian carpet.

Word Web

Siyāh (Black) Parvāz (Flight) Bāhoosh (Smart) Derakht (Tree) Gerdū (Walnut) Zemestān (Winter) Qesseh (Story) Rūbāh (Fox)

Défi

Try to find three Persian proverbs that use the word 'Kalāgh' and explain them to a friend.

Origine du mot

The word 'Kalāgh' comes from Middle Persian (Pahlavi) 'warāgh' or 'kalāg'. It is an ancient Indo-European root.

Sens originel : It has always referred to the crow or raven family.

Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Persian.

Contexte culturel

Calling someone a 'Kalāgh' can be an insult implying they are ugly or have a bad voice, so use it carefully.

In English, crows are often associated with Edgar Allan Poe (though that was a raven) and 'a murder of crows'. In Persian, the collective noun is usually just 'dasteh' (group).

The fable 'The Crow and the Fox' (Kalaagh o Roubaah) Nima Yushij's poem 'Kalaagh' The ending of almost all Persian folk tales.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

In a Park

چقدر کلاغ اینجاست!
غذای کلاغ‌ها را نده.
صدای کلاغ‌ها خیلی بلند است.
کلاغ روی نیمکت نشست.

Telling a Story

یکی بود یکی نبود، یک کلاغ بود...
کلاغ قصه ما...
کلاغ پرواز کرد و رفت.
کلاغ به خانه‌اش نرسید.

Discussing Rumors

یک کلاغ چهل کلاغ نکن.
این خبر را کلاغ‌ها آورده‌اند؟
شایعه مثل کلاغ است.
حرف‌های کلاغ‌وار نزن.

Scientific Talk

هوش کلاغ‌ها بی‌نظیر است.
کلاغ‌ها ابزار می‌سازند.
زیستگاه کلاغ‌ها کجاست؟
طول عمر کلاغ چقدر است؟

Winter Morning

فقط صدای کلاغ می‌آید.
کلاغ‌ها روی برف دیده می‌شوند.
زمستان و کلاغ‌هایش.
کلاغ‌ها در سرما چه می‌کنند؟

Amorces de conversation

"آیا می‌دانستی کلاغ‌ها می‌توانند چهره انسان‌ها را به یاد بیاورند؟"

"در کشور شما کلاغ نماد چیست؟"

"چرا در داستان‌های ایرانی کلاغ همیشه به خانه‌اش نمی‌رسد؟"

"آیا از صدای کلاغ در صبح زود خوشت می‌آید؟"

"به نظر تو کلاغ باهوش‌تر است یا طوطی؟"

Sujets d'écriture

امروز یک کلاغ را در پارک دیدم که داشت...

اگر من یک کلاغ بودم، به کجاها پرواز می‌کردم؟

تفاوت بین کلاغ و بلبل در ادبیات فارسی چیست؟

یک داستان کوتاه درباره کلاغی بنویسید که می‌خواست رنگش را عوض کند.

چرا ضرب‌المثل 'یک کلاغ چهل کلاغ' در جامعه امروز مهم است؟

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

It depends. Generally, they are seen as messengers. While some associate them with the coming of winter or bad news, they aren't strictly 'bad luck' like in some Western superstitions.

In modern speech, Kalāgh is common for all crows. Zāgh is more literary and often refers to ravens or magpies.

Persian doesn't have a specific term like 'murder'. We just say 'daste-ye kalāgh-hā' (a group of crows).

It's a traditional formula: 'The crow never reached its home.' It signifies that while the story is over, life (and the journey of the crow) continues.

Yes, 'sedāye kalāgh' (crow's voice) is used to describe a harsh or unpleasant voice.

In some Islamic traditions, the crow taught Cain how to bury Abel, so it is respected as a teacher of burial.

It means taking one small piece of news (one crow) and turning it into a massive rumor (forty crows).

It's a sound made in the back of the throat, like the French 'r' in 'Paris'.

Yes, there is a myth that crows can live up to 300 years.

The most famous is 'The Crow and the Fox' from the school textbooks, where the fox flattery tricks the crow into dropping its cheese.

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