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प्रयास करना

A2 verb #1,000 le plus courant 14 min de lecture

प्रयास करना

To try, to attempt something.

prayas karna Top 1,000

At the A1 beginner level, learning the phrase 'प्रयास करना' (prayaas karna) introduces you to the concept of conjunct verbs in Hindi. A conjunct verb is formed by combining a noun or adjective with a 'doing' verb, most commonly 'करना' (karna - to do). Here, 'प्रयास' means 'effort' and 'करना' means 'to do'. So, literally, it means 'to do an effort'. At this stage, you should focus on using it in the simple present tense to express your daily attempts or habits. For example, if you are a male, you would say 'मैं प्रयास करता हूँ' (Main prayaas karta hoon - I try). If you are a female, you would say 'मैं प्रयास करती हूँ' (Main prayaas karti hoon - I try). It is a very useful phrase when you want to show someone that you are making an effort, even if you are not perfect yet. For instance, 'मैं हिंदी बोलने का प्रयास करता हूँ' (I try to speak Hindi). Notice the word 'का' (ka) connecting the action 'बोलने' (speaking) to the effort 'प्रयास'. This is a basic but essential structure. While 'कोशिश करना' (koshish karna) is more common in casual speech, knowing 'प्रयास करना' helps you understand formal texts, news, and polite conversations right from the start of your learning journey.

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At the A2 elementary level, your understanding of 'प्रयास करना' must expand to include different tenses, particularly the continuous and past tenses. In the present continuous, you use it to describe an ongoing effort: 'मैं प्रयास कर रहा हूँ' (I am trying - male) or 'मैं प्रयास कर रही हूँ' (I am trying - female). The most critical grammar rule you must learn at this level is how to use 'प्रयास करना' in the past tense. Because 'करना' is a transitive verb, it requires the 'ने' (ne) construction in the past tense. Furthermore, the verb must agree with the object, which is the masculine noun 'प्रयास'. Therefore, regardless of your gender, you must say 'मैंने प्रयास किया' (Maine prayaas kiya - I tried). Saying 'मैं प्रयास किया' is a common beginner mistake that you must avoid. You should also practice linking 'प्रयास करना' with other verbs using the oblique infinitive + का structure. For example, 'जाने का प्रयास करना' (to try to go), 'सीखने का प्रयास करना' (to try to learn). Mastering these structures allows you to narrate past events and describe your current struggles or efforts in a grammatically correct and culturally appropriate manner.

At the B1 intermediate level, 'प्रयास करना' becomes a tool for expressing more complex thoughts, intentions, and conditional situations. You will start using it in the future tense to make promises or state firm intentions: 'मैं समय पर आने का प्रयास करूँगा' (I will try to come on time). You will also encounter it in conditional sentences: 'अगर तुम प्रयास करोगे, तो सफल होगे' (If you try, you will be successful). At this level, you should be fully comfortable with the formal register of Hindi. You should know exactly when to use 'प्रयास करना' (in formal emails, talking to superiors, academic settings) versus when to use the informal 'कोशिश करना' (with friends, casual chats). You can also start adding adjectives to modify the noun 'प्रयास', creating phrases like 'पूरा प्रयास करना' (to make a full effort / try one's best) or 'निरंतर प्रयास करना' (to make a continuous effort). Understanding these nuances allows you to participate in more sophisticated conversations, express your dedication in professional environments, and comprehend news broadcasts or formal speeches where 'प्रयास' is the standard vocabulary.

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At the B2 upper-intermediate level, your use of 'प्रयास करना' should be fluid, natural, and highly nuanced. You are no longer just translating 'to try'; you are utilizing the specific cultural and linguistic weight of the word. You should be able to effortlessly switch between 'प्रयास', 'कोशिश', and even more formal synonyms like 'प्रयत्न' (prayatna) depending on the exact context and audience. You will use it in complex sentence structures involving passive voice or causative verbs. For example, 'यह कार्य पूरा करने का प्रयास किया जा रहा है' (Efforts are being made to complete this task). You should also be familiar with idiomatic usages and collocations, such as 'सफल प्रयास' (successful attempt) or 'विफल प्रयास' (failed attempt). At this stage, your writing—whether essays, formal letters, or professional reports—should naturally incorporate 'प्रयास करना' to convey a professional and educated tone. You will also easily recognize and correct the common mistakes made by lower-level learners, particularly regarding the ergative 'ने' construction and gender agreement in perfective tenses.

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At the C1 advanced level, 'प्रयास करना' is fully integrated into your extensive vocabulary. You understand its etymological roots in Sanskrit and how that origin influences its usage in modern standard Hindi. You can use it in highly abstract, philosophical, or literary contexts. For instance, discussing the nature of human endeavor: 'मानव जीवन निरंतर प्रयास का ही दूसरा नाम है' (Human life is but another name for continuous effort). You are comfortable reading classical Hindi literature, political discourse, and academic papers where 'प्रयास' and its variations (like 'चेष्टा' or 'यत्न') are used extensively to convey subtle shades of meaning. You can articulate the difference between a mere 'कोशिश' (a casual attempt) and a dedicated 'प्रयास' (a structured, sincere endeavor). Your command of the grammar is flawless, allowing you to construct complex, multi-clause sentences where 'प्रयास करना' interacts with various modal verbs and subjunctive moods. You use it to express politeness, deference, and formal commitment with native-like intuition.

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At the C2 mastery level, your command over 'प्रयास करना' and its entire semantic field is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. You appreciate the phonetic beauty and rhetorical power of the word in public speaking, poetry, and advanced literature. You can play with its structure, using the noun 'प्रयास' independently in complex grammatical cases, or forming intricate compound verbs. You understand the historical evolution of the word and its sociolinguistic implications in the Hindi-Urdu divide. You can effortlessly deploy synonyms like 'चेष्टा', 'यत्न', 'उद्यम', or 'कवायद' to precisely match the stylistic requirements of any text or speech. Whether you are writing a formal diplomatic document, delivering a keynote address, or analyzing a piece of classic Hindi literature, your use of 'प्रयास' is exact, elegant, and deeply resonant with the cultural and philosophical underpinnings of the language. You recognize that 'प्रयास' is not just a verb, but a concept deeply embedded in the Indian ethos of duty (dharma) and action (karma).

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प्रयास करना en 30 secondes

To try or attempt.
Formal and respectful.
Uses 'ne' in past tense.
Masculine noun + verb.

The Hindi phrase 'प्रयास करना' (prayaas karna) is a fundamental conjunct verb that translates directly to 'to try', 'to attempt', or 'to make an effort'. In the rich tapestry of the Hindi language, verbs are often formed by combining a noun or an adjective with a 'doing' verb, most commonly 'करना' (karna - to do). Here, 'प्रयास' (prayaas) is a masculine noun of Sanskrit origin meaning 'effort' or 'attempt'. Therefore, the literal translation is 'to do an effort'. Understanding this structure is crucial for English speakers, as it dictates how the verb behaves grammatically, especially in past tenses where the subject takes the postposition 'ने' (ne) and the verb agrees with the object.

Formal Context: In formal writing, news broadcasts, official documents, and academic discussions, 'प्रयास करना' is the preferred term over its colloquial counterparts. It conveys a sense of sincere, structured, and often significant effort towards a goal.

सरकार ने गरीबी कम करने का प्रयास किया है। (The government has made an effort to reduce poverty.)

When people use this phrase, they are usually talking about an action that requires conscious thought, dedication, and overcoming obstacles. It is not typically used for trivial, everyday attempts like 'trying a new food' (where one might use 'चखना' - to taste) or 'trying on clothes' (where 'पहनकर देखना' is more appropriate). Instead, it is reserved for endeavors like learning a language, passing an exam, or solving a complex problem.

Everyday Speech: While highly formal, educated speakers often use it in daily conversation to emphasize the sincerity of their actions. However, in casual street Hindi, the Urdu-derived 'कोशिश करना' (koshish karna) is far more prevalent.

मैं रोज़ हिंदी बोलने का प्रयास करता हूँ। (I try to speak Hindi every day.)

The cultural weight of the word 'प्रयास' carries connotations of duty and perseverance. In Hindu philosophy and Indian cultural ethos, the act of making an effort (prayaas) is often valued independently of the outcome. This is reflected in the common usage of the word in motivational speeches and moral stories, where the focus is on the nobility of the attempt rather than just the success.

Professional Environment: In a workplace, telling your boss 'मैं प्रयास करूँगा' (Main prayaas karunga - I will try) sounds much more professional and committed than using casual slang. It shows respect for the task assigned.

हम इस समस्या को सुलझाने का प्रयास कर रहे हैं। (We are trying to solve this problem.)

उसने मुझे समझाने का बहुत प्रयास किया। (He tried very hard to explain it to me.)

सफल होने के लिए निरंतर प्रयास करना आवश्यक है। (To be successful, it is necessary to try continuously.)

In summary, mastering 'प्रयास करना' elevates your Hindi from basic survival level to a more sophisticated, respectful, and articulate standard. It demonstrates an understanding of the language's Sanskrit roots and its formal registers, making it an indispensable tool for any serious learner aiming for fluency and cultural integration.

Using 'प्रयास करना' correctly in sentences requires a solid grasp of Hindi verb conjugation and the specific rules governing conjunct verbs. Because 'प्रयास' is a noun and 'करना' is the active verb, all conjugations happen on the 'करना' part. Let us break down how this works across different tenses, starting with the present tense. In the simple present, the verb agrees with the subject's gender and number. A male speaker says 'मैं प्रयास करता हूँ' (Main prayaas karta hoon - I try), while a female speaker says 'मैं प्रयास करती हूँ' (Main prayaas karti hoon - I try). For plural subjects, it becomes 'हम प्रयास करते हैं' (Hum prayaas karte hain - We try).

Present Continuous Tense: When expressing an ongoing attempt, use the continuous marker 'रहा/रही/रहे'. For example, 'वह प्रयास कर रहा है' (He is trying) or 'वे प्रयास कर रहे हैं' (They are trying). This is highly common in daily descriptions of current efforts.

छात्र परीक्षा पास करने का प्रयास कर रहे हैं। (The students are trying to pass the exam.)

The most complex aspect for English speakers is the past perfective tense. Hindi uses an ergative alignment for transitive verbs in perfective tenses. Because 'करना' is transitive, the subject must take the postposition 'ने' (ne). The verb then stops agreeing with the subject and instead agrees with the direct object. In the phrase 'प्रयास करना', the noun 'प्रयास' acts as the direct object of 'करना'. Since 'प्रयास' is a masculine singular noun, the verb 'करना' will always conjugate to its masculine singular past form: 'किया' (kiya). This is a strict rule.

Past Tense Rule: Regardless of whether the subject is male, female, singular, or plural, the past tense of making an effort is always 'ने प्रयास किया' (ne prayaas kiya). 'मैंने प्रयास किया' (I tried), 'उसने प्रयास किया' (He/She tried), 'उन्होंने प्रयास किया' (They tried).

सीता ने खाना बनाने का प्रयास किया। (Sita tried to cook food.)

Future tense usage is straightforward and follows standard conjugation rules. The verb agrees with the subject. 'मैं प्रयास करूँगा' (Main prayaas karunga - I [male] will try), 'वह प्रयास करेगी' (Vah prayaas karegi - She will try). This is often used to make promises or state intentions in formal settings. Another crucial grammatical structure is linking 'प्रयास करना' with another verb. When you want to say 'try to [verb]', the primary verb takes the oblique infinitive form (ending in 'ने' instead of 'ना') followed by the postposition 'का' (ka). For example, 'लिखना' (to write) becomes 'लिखने का प्रयास करना' (to try to write).

Infinitive Linking: The formula is: [Verb Root + ने] + का + प्रयास करना. This translates directly to 'to make the effort of [verb]ing'.

कृपया शांत रहने का प्रयास करें। (Please try to remain quiet.)

मैंने उसे रोकने का प्रयास किया था। (I had tried to stop him.)

क्या आप फिर से प्रयास करना चाहेंगे? (Would you like to try again?)

By mastering these sentence structures, you will be able to express intentions, recount past efforts, and describe ongoing struggles with precision. The key is to remember the noun-verb relationship and the critical role of the 'ने' postposition in the past tense. Practice combining 'प्रयास करना' with various infinitive verbs to build fluency.

The context in which 'प्रयास करना' is used reveals much about the sociolinguistic landscape of Hindi. While it means 'to try', it is not the default word for every situation. You will predominantly hear 'प्रयास करना' in environments that demand a level of formality, respect, or intellectual rigor. For instance, in Indian news broadcasts (समाचार), news anchors frequently use this term when discussing government initiatives, diplomatic endeavors, or rescue operations. A newsreader might say, 'राहत दल लोगों को बचाने का प्रयास कर रहा है' (The relief team is trying to save the people). In this context, using a more casual word would undermine the seriousness of the situation.

Academic Settings: In schools and universities, teachers and professors use 'प्रयास' to encourage students. It implies a scholarly or disciplined effort. A teacher might write on a report card, 'छात्र ने अच्छा प्रयास किया' (The student made a good effort).

वैज्ञानिक नई दवा खोजने का प्रयास कर रहे हैं। (Scientists are trying to discover a new medicine.)

Corporate environments in India, especially those that operate primarily in Hindi or use a formal register of the language, heavily rely on 'प्रयास करना'. During meetings, presentations, or in official emails, expressing commitment to a project is often articulated using this phrase. It projects professionalism and dedication. Saying 'हम बिक्री बढ़ाने का प्रयास करेंगे' (We will try to increase sales) sounds far more appropriate in a boardroom than informal slang. Furthermore, in literature, poetry, and motivational speaking, 'प्रयास' is a favored term because of its poetic resonance and its roots in classical Sanskrit, which lends it a timeless, elevated quality.

Political Discourse: Politicians frequently use this word in speeches to assure the public of their hard work. 'हमारी सरकार हर संभव प्रयास कर रही है' (Our government is making every possible effort) is a standard political phrase.

मैं समय पर पहुँचने का प्रयास करूँगा। (I will try to arrive on time.)

Conversely, you are less likely to hear 'प्रयास करना' in casual settings like a bustling market, among friends chatting at a cafe, or in highly informal family banter. In those situations, the Urdu-origin word 'कोशिश करना' (koshish karna) is the undisputed king. If you are struggling to open a jar of pickles at home, you wouldn't typically say 'मैं जार खोलने का प्रयास कर रहा हूँ'; you would say 'मैं कोशिश कर रहा हूँ'. Understanding this distinction is vital for achieving native-like fluency. Using 'प्रयास' in a highly casual setting can make you sound overly formal, stiff, or like you are reading from a textbook.

Customer Service: Formal customer service representatives, such as those working for banks or airlines, will often use this word to assure customers that their issues are being handled with care.

हम आपकी शिकायत दूर करने का प्रयास कर रहे हैं। (We are trying to resolve your complaint.)

खिलाड़ियों ने जीतने का पूरा प्रयास किया। (The players tried their best to win.)

आपको एक बार और प्रयास करना चाहिए। (You should try one more time.)

In conclusion, 'प्रयास करना' belongs to the formal, respectful, and academic registers of Hindi. It is the word of choice for significant efforts, official communications, and polite discourse. Recognizing when to deploy this word versus its informal counterparts is a hallmark of an advanced Hindi speaker who understands the cultural nuances of the language.

When learning 'प्रयास करना', English speakers frequently encounter a specific set of grammatical hurdles. Because the English verb 'to try' is a single, simple verb, learners often try to map Hindi grammar directly onto it, ignoring the fact that 'प्रयास करना' is a conjunct verb made of a noun and a verb. The single most common and glaring mistake occurs in the past tense. As mentioned earlier, 'करना' is a transitive verb, which triggers the ergative case in perfective tenses (simple past, present perfect, past perfect). This means the subject must take the postposition 'ने' (ne).

The Missing 'Ne': Learners often say 'मैं प्रयास किया' (Main prayaas kiya) instead of the correct 'मैंने प्रयास किया' (Maine prayaas kiya). Forgetting the 'ने' makes the sentence grammatically incorrect and immediately marks the speaker as a beginner.

गलत: वह प्रयास किया। सही: उसने प्रयास किया। (Wrong: Vah prayaas kiya. Right: Usne prayaas kiya - He tried.)

The second major mistake is related to gender agreement in the past tense. In Hindi, when the subject takes 'ने', the verb must agree with the direct object. In the phrase 'प्रयास करना', the noun 'प्रयास' acts as the direct object. 'प्रयास' is strictly a masculine singular noun. Therefore, the verb 'करना' must always take its masculine singular past form, which is 'किया' (kiya). Many female learners incorrectly conjugate the verb to match their own gender, saying 'मैंने प्रयास की' (Maine prayaas ki). This is a critical error. The verb must agree with the word 'प्रयास', not the speaker.

Incorrect Gender Agreement: Female speakers must remember that their gender does not affect the verb in the past tense when using 'ने'. It is always 'मैंने प्रयास किया', never 'मैंने प्रयास की'.

लड़की ने भी जीतने का प्रयास किया। (The girl also tried to win. - Note the masculine verb 'kiya' despite the female subject.)

Another frequent error involves the linking of 'प्रयास करना' with other verbs. When you want to say 'try to do something', the action you are trying to do must be in the oblique infinitive form, followed by 'का' (ka). For example, 'to speak' is 'बोलना' (bolna). To say 'try to speak', you must change 'बोलना' to 'बोलने' and add 'का'. The correct phrase is 'बोलने का प्रयास करना'. Learners often forget the 'का' or fail to change the infinitive to the oblique form, resulting in awkward sentences like 'बोलना प्रयास करना' or 'बोलने प्रयास करना'.

Infinitive Linking Errors: Always remember the formula: [Verb-ne] + का + प्रयास करना. The 'का' is the bridge that connects the action to the effort.

उसने भागने का प्रयास किया। (He tried to run away. - Correct use of 'bhagne ka')

मैंने उसे भूलने का प्रयास किया है। (I have tried to forget him.)

वह सच बोलने का प्रयास कर रही थी। (She was trying to tell the truth.)

Lastly, learners sometimes confuse 'प्रयास करना' with 'कोशिश करना' in terms of gender. While 'प्रयास' is masculine, 'कोशिश' is feminine. Therefore, the past tense of 'कोशिश करना' is 'मैंने कोशिश की' (Maine koshish ki). Applying the masculine 'किया' to 'कोशिश' or the feminine 'की' to 'प्रयास' is a common mix-up. Always pair 'प्रयास' with masculine verbs and adjectives, and 'कोशिश' with feminine ones. Mastering these distinctions will significantly improve your grammatical accuracy and confidence in speaking Hindi.

The Hindi language is a beautiful confluence of Sanskrit, Persian, Arabic, and regional dialects, which means there are often multiple words for the same concept, each carrying its own distinct flavor and register. When it comes to the concept of 'trying' or 'making an effort', 'प्रयास करना' is just one piece of the puzzle. Understanding its synonyms and alternatives is crucial for developing a nuanced and natural-sounding vocabulary. The most prominent alternative, and arguably the most commonly used word in spoken Hindi, is 'कोशिश करना' (koshish karna). While 'प्रयास' comes from Sanskrit, 'कोशिश' has Persian/Urdu origins.

कोशिश करना (Koshish Karna): This is the everyday, conversational word for 'to try'. It is universally understood and used in all informal and semi-formal contexts. Crucially, 'कोशिश' is a feminine noun, so its past tense is 'मैंने कोशिश की' (Maine koshish ki), unlike the masculine 'प्रयास'.

मैं कल आने की कोशिश करूँगा। (I will try to come tomorrow. - Note the feminine 'ki' linking the infinitive.)

Another highly formal synonym derived from Sanskrit is 'चेष्टा करना' (cheshta karna). This word is even more elevated than 'प्रयास' and is rarely heard in everyday conversation. It implies a very deliberate, physical, or intense effort. You will encounter 'चेष्टा' in classical literature, religious texts, or highly formal speeches. Like 'कोशिश', 'चेष्टा' is a feminine noun. Using 'चेष्टा करना' in a casual setting would sound archaic or overly dramatic, akin to saying 'I shall make an endeavor' instead of 'I'll try' in English.

चेष्टा करना (Cheshta Karna): A highly formal, literary synonym meaning to strive or endeavor. It is feminine, so the past tense is 'मैंने चेष्टा की' (Maine cheshta ki).

उसने उठने की व्यर्थ चेष्टा की। (He made a vain attempt to get up.)

A third synonym is 'यत्न करना' (yatna karna) or 'प्रयत्न करना' (prayatna karna). These are also Sanskrit-derived and fall somewhere between 'प्रयास' and 'चेष्टा' in terms of formality. 'प्रयत्न' specifically implies a continuous, sustained effort or struggle towards a goal. Both 'यत्न' and 'प्रयत्न' are masculine nouns, so they follow the exact same grammatical rules as 'प्रयास' (e.g., 'मैंने प्रयत्न किया'). These words are common in educational contexts and formal writing, emphasizing the diligence of the attempt.

प्रयत्न करना (Prayatna Karna): Implies a sustained, diligent effort. It is masculine and highly formal.

हमें शांति बनाए रखने का प्रयत्न करना चाहिए। (We should make an effort to maintain peace.)

उसने मुझे बचाने का हर संभव प्रयास किया। (He made every possible effort to save me.)

मैं अपनी गलती सुधारने का प्रयास करूँगा। (I will try to correct my mistake.)

In summary, choosing between 'प्रयास', 'कोशिश', 'चेष्टा', and 'प्रयत्न' depends entirely on the context and the level of formality required. 'प्रयास करना' strikes a perfect balance for formal and professional communication, offering a respectful tone without sounding overly archaic. By understanding these alternatives and their respective genders, you can navigate Hindi conversations with greater precision and cultural awareness.

How Formal Is It?

Formel

"हम इस योजना को लागू करने का प्रयास कर रहे हैं।"

Neutre

"मैं समय पर पहुँचने का प्रयास करूँगा।"

Informel

"मैं आने की कोशिश करूँगा। (Uses koshish instead of prayaas)"

Child friendly

"बेटा, फिर से प्रयास करो!"

Argot

"ज़ोर लगा के देख ले। (Not prayaas, but conveys the meaning)"

Le savais-tu ?

Because it comes directly from Sanskrit (a Tatsama word), 'prayaas' is understood in many other Indian languages like Marathi, Bengali, and Gujarati, making it a great pan-Indian vocabulary word.

Guide de prononciation

UK /prəˈjɑːs kərˈnɑː/

US /prəˈjɑs kərˈnɑ/

pra-YAAS kar-NAA

Rime avec

उदास (udaas) पास (paas) खास (khaas) आस (aas) प्यास (pyaas) निवास (nivaas) विकास (vikaas) विश्वास (vishvaas)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing 'pra' as 'par' (par-yaas).
Making the 's' sound like 'sh' (prayaash).
Forgetting to lengthen the 'aa' in yaas.
Pronouncing 'karna' with a hard English 'r'.
Saying 'pray-as' instead of 'pruh-yaas'.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 4/5

Recognizing the conjunct verb structure and past tense rules takes practice.

Écriture 6/5

Correctly applying the 'ne' rule and gender agreement in writing is challenging for beginners.

Expression orale 5/5

Pronunciation is straightforward, but remembering to use 'ne' in real-time conversation requires fluency.

Écoute 3/5

Easily recognizable in formal speech and news.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

करना (to do) मैं (I) ने (ergative marker) का (of) कोशिश (try - informal)

Apprends ensuite

सफल (successful) विफल (failed) मेहनत (hard work) लक्ष्य (goal) उद्देश्य (purpose)

Avancé

चेष्टा (endeavor) प्रयत्न (effort) उद्यम (enterprise) दृढ़निश्चय (determination) संकल्प (resolve)

Grammaire à connaître

Ergative Case (ने)

मैंने प्रयास किया। (I tried.)

Oblique Infinitive + का

जाने का प्रयास करना। (To try to go.)

Conjunct Verbs

प्रयास (Noun) + करना (Verb) = प्रयास करना।

Gender Agreement in Past Tense

सीता ने प्रयास किया। (Sita tried - verb is masculine because 'prayaas' is masculine.)

Continuous Tense Marker (रहा/रही)

मैं प्रयास कर रहा हूँ। (I am trying.)

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Exemples par niveau

मैं हिंदी सीखने का प्रयास करता हूँ।

I try to learn Hindi.

Present simple, masculine subject.

वह रोज़ प्रयास करती है।

She tries every day.

Present simple, feminine subject.

हम अच्छा काम करने का प्रयास करते हैं।

We try to do good work.

Present simple, plural subject.

क्या तुम प्रयास करते हो?

Do you try?

Interrogative, present simple.

मैं प्रयास कर रहा हूँ।

I am trying.

Present continuous, masculine.

वह सोने का प्रयास कर रही है।

She is trying to sleep.

Present continuous, feminine.

कृपया प्रयास करें।

Please try.

Formal imperative.

मैं फिर से प्रयास करूँगा।

I will try again.

Future tense, masculine.

मैंने कल प्रयास किया था।

I had tried yesterday.

Past perfect, uses 'ne'.

उसने दरवाजा खोलने का प्रयास किया।

He tried to open the door.

Past simple, uses 'ne'.

हमने उसे समझाने का प्रयास किया।

We tried to explain to him.

Past simple, plural subject with 'ne'.

क्या आपने प्रयास किया?

Did you try?

Interrogative past, formal 'aap'.

मैं रोज़ सुबह उठने का प्रयास करता हूँ।

I try to wake up early every morning.

Habitual present.

वे मैच जीतने का प्रयास कर रहे थे।

They were trying to win the match.

Past continuous.

आपको एक बार और प्रयास करना चाहिए।

You should try one more time.

Modal verb 'chahiye' (should).

मैं यह काम पूरा करने का प्रयास करूँगा।

I will try to complete this work.

Future tense, intention.

अगर तुम प्रयास करोगे, तो सफल होगे।

If you try, you will succeed.

Conditional sentence.

सरकार ने गरीबी कम करने का प्रयास किया है।

The government has tried to reduce poverty.

Present perfect, formal context.

बिना प्रयास किए कुछ नहीं मिलता।

Nothing is achieved without trying.

Negative condition with 'bina'.

उसका प्रयास सराहनीय था।

His effort was commendable.

Using 'prayaas' as a standalone noun.

हमें पर्यावरण बचाने का निरंतर प्रयास करना होगा।

We will have to make a continuous effort to save the environment.

Compulsion 'hoga' with adjective.

मैंने उसे रोकने का बहुत प्रयास किया, लेकिन वह नहीं माना।

I tried hard to stop him, but he didn't listen.

Compound sentence with contrast.

क्या आप इस समस्या को सुलझाने का प्रयास कर सकते हैं?

Can you try to solve this problem?

Modal 'sakna' (can).

सफल होने के लिए कड़ा प्रयास करना पड़ता है।

One has to make a hard effort to be successful.

Compulsion 'padta hai'.

यह एक बहुत ही जटिल मुद्दा है, जिसे सुलझाने का प्रयास किया जा रहा है।

This is a very complex issue, which is being attempted to be resolved.

Passive voice continuous.

उनके अथक प्रयासों के बावजूद, योजना विफल रही।

Despite their relentless efforts, the plan failed.

Use of 'ke baavjood' (despite) and plural noun.

हमें केवल परिणाम पर नहीं, बल्कि प्रयास पर ध्यान देना चाहिए।

We should focus not only on the result, but on the effort.

Correlative conjunctions.

लेखक ने समाज की सच्चाई को दर्शाने का एक ईमानदार प्रयास किया है।

The author has made an honest attempt to depict the reality of society.

Formal literary context.

मैं इस विषय पर अधिक जानकारी प्राप्त करने का प्रयास कर रहा हूँ।

I am trying to obtain more information on this topic.

Formal academic phrasing.

यह सुनिश्चित करने का प्रयास करें कि सभी नियम लागू हों।

Try to ensure that all rules are applied.

Subjunctive mood.

उसने अपनी भावनाओं को छिपाने का भरसक प्रयास किया।

She tried her utmost to hide her emotions.

Use of adverb 'bharsak' (utmost).

वैज्ञानिकों का यह प्रयास चिकित्सा के क्षेत्र में एक क्रांति ला सकता है।

This effort by scientists could bring a revolution in the medical field.

Noun phrase acting as subject.

इस विकट परिस्थिति में भी उन्होंने धैर्य बनाए रखने का स्तुत्य प्रयास किया।

Even in this dire situation, they made a praiseworthy effort to maintain patience.

Advanced vocabulary (vikat, stutya).

मानव सभ्यता का इतिहास प्रकृति पर विजय प्राप्त करने के निरंतर प्रयासों की गाथा है।

The history of human civilization is the saga of continuous efforts to conquer nature.

Complex genitive constructions.

यह केवल एक दिखावटी प्रयास था, जिसका कोई ठोस परिणाम नहीं निकला।

It was merely an ostentatious attempt, which yielded no concrete result.

Relative clause with abstract concepts.

विपक्ष ने सरकार की नीतियों को विफल करने का हर संभव कूटनीतिक प्रयास किया।

The opposition made every possible diplomatic effort to thwart the government's policies.

Political register.

आध्यात्मिक शांति प्राप्त करने के लिए आंतरिक प्रयास की आवश्यकता होती है।

To achieve spiritual peace, internal effort is required.

Philosophical context.

उनके इस दुस्साहसिक प्रयास की सभी ने निंदा की।

Everyone condemned this audacious attempt of his.

Advanced adjectives (dussahasik).

साहित्यकार ने लुप्त होती बोलियों को पुनर्जीवित करने का एक भगीरथ प्रयास किया है।

The litterateur has made a monumental (Bhagirath) effort to revive dying dialects.

Cultural idiom (Bhagirath prayaas).

यह आवश्यक है कि हम अपने पूर्वाग्रहों से मुक्त होने का सचेतन प्रयास करें।

It is imperative that we make a conscious effort to free ourselves from our prejudices.

Subjunctive with abstract psychological terms.

अस्तित्ववादी दर्शन में, जीवन की निरर्थकता के विरुद्ध मनुष्य का प्रयास ही उसे अर्थ प्रदान करता है।

In existentialist philosophy, man's effort against the meaninglessness of life is what gives it meaning.

Highly abstract philosophical discourse.

शांति वार्ता को पटरी पर लाने के लिए किए गए सभी कूटनीतिक प्रयास अंततः निष्फल सिद्ध हुए।

All diplomatic efforts made to bring the peace talks back on track ultimately proved futile.

Complex passive participle construction.

कवि ने शब्दों के माध्यम से असीम को ससीम में बांधने का जो प्रयास किया है, वह अद्वितीय है।

The attempt the poet has made to bind the infinite into the finite through words is unparalleled.

Literary criticism phrasing.

आर्थिक मंदी के इस दौर में, राजकोषीय घाटे को नियंत्रित करने का प्रयास एक दोधारी तलवार के समान है।

In this era of economic slowdown, the attempt to control the fiscal deficit is like a double-edged sword.

Economic register with idiomatic expression.

यह ग्रंथ भारतीय ज्ञान परंपरा को सहेजने के एक युगांतरकारी प्रयास का प्रतिफल है।

This tome is the fruition of an epoch-making effort to preserve the Indian knowledge tradition.

Elevated academic vocabulary (yugantarkari).

न्यायपालिका ने यह सुनिश्चित करने का सुविचारित प्रयास किया है कि संविधान की मूल भावना अक्षुण्ण रहे।

The judiciary has made a well-considered effort to ensure that the basic spirit of the constitution remains intact.

Legal register.

उनका यह कृत्य केवल एक भूल नहीं, बल्कि व्यवस्था को अस्थिर करने का एक सुनियोजित प्रयास था।

This act of theirs was not merely a mistake, but a well-orchestrated attempt to destabilize the system.

Rhetorical contrast.

ब्रह्मांड के रहस्यों को सुलझाने का मानवीय प्रयास अनंत काल तक अनवरत चलता रहेगा।

The human endeavor to unravel the mysteries of the universe will continue unceasingly for eternity.

Cosmic/scientific philosophical context.

Collocations courantes

पूरा प्रयास करना

निरंतर प्रयास करना

सफल प्रयास

विफल प्रयास

अथक प्रयास

भरसक प्रयास करना

ईमानदार प्रयास

संयुक्त प्रयास

गंभीर प्रयास

सार्थक प्रयास

Phrases Courantes

प्रयास जारी रखना

प्रयास में लगे रहना

हर संभव प्रयास करना

प्रयास रंग लाना

प्रयास विफल होना

प्रयास छोड़ देना

सफल प्रयास करना

पहला प्रयास

अंतिम प्रयास

प्रयास करते रहना

Souvent confondu avec

प्रयास करना vs कोशिश करना (koshish karna)

Means the same thing, but 'koshish' is feminine and informal, while 'prayaas' is masculine and formal.

प्रयास करना vs परीक्षण करना (parikshan karna)

Means 'to test' or 'to examine'. Do not use 'prayaas' when you mean testing a machine or a theory.

प्रयास करना vs चखना (chakhna)

Means 'to taste'. Do not use 'prayaas' when trying food.

Expressions idiomatiques

"भगीरथ प्रयास"

A monumental or superhuman effort. Originates from the mythological king Bhagiratha who brought the river Ganges to Earth.

गंगा को साफ करना एक भगीरथ प्रयास है।

Formal/Literary

"आसमान सिर पर उठाना"

To make a massive fuss or effort (context dependent).

उसने काम पूरा करने के लिए आसमान सिर पर उठा लिया।

Informal

"एड़ी-चोटी का ज़ोर लगाना"

To try one's absolute hardest; from heel to the top of the head.

परीक्षा पास करने के लिए उसने एड़ी-चोटी का ज़ोर लगा दिया।

Idiomatic

"खून-पसीना एक करना"

To work extremely hard; to sweat blood.

किसान फसल उगाने के लिए खून-पसीना एक करता है।

Idiomatic

"जान की बाज़ी लगाना"

To risk one's life in an attempt.

सैनिकों ने देश बचाने के लिए जान की बाज़ी लगा दी।

Idiomatic

"आकाश-पाताल एक करना"

To move heaven and earth; to try every possible means.

मैंने अपनी खोई हुई घड़ी ढूँढने के लिए आकाश-पाताल एक कर दिया।

Idiomatic

"लोहे के चने चबाना"

To undertake a very difficult task.

आईएएस की परीक्षा पास करना लोहे के चने चबाने जैसा है।

Idiomatic

"दिन-रात एक करना"

To work day and night.

उसने प्रोजेक्ट पूरा करने के लिए दिन-रात एक कर दिया।

Idiomatic

"जी-जान से जुटना"

To engage in something with heart and soul.

वह प्रतियोगिता जीतने के लिए जी-जान से जुट गया है।

Idiomatic

"पत्थर से पानी निकालना"

To attempt the impossible.

उस कंजूस से पैसे निकलवाना पत्थर से पानी निकालने के बराबर है।

Idiomatic

Facile à confondre

प्रयास करना vs प्रयास (prayaas) vs कोशिश (koshish)

Both mean 'to try'.

'Prayaas' is formal, Sanskrit-derived, and masculine. 'Koshish' is informal, Urdu-derived, and feminine.

मैंने प्रयास किया (masculine verb). मैंने कोशिश की (feminine verb).

प्रयास करना vs प्रयास (prayaas) vs अभ्यास (abhyaas)

Sound similar and both involve doing something repeatedly.

'Prayaas' means an attempt or effort. 'Abhyaas' means practice or study.

जीतने का प्रयास करो (Try to win). रोज़ हिंदी का अभ्यास करो (Practice Hindi daily).

प्रयास करना vs प्रयास (prayaas) vs परीक्षा (pariksha)

Both can translate to 'trial' or 'test' in English.

'Prayaas' is the effort you put in. 'Pariksha' is an examination or test of your knowledge/ability.

मेरा प्रयास अच्छा था (My effort was good). मेरी परीक्षा कल है (My exam is tomorrow).

प्रयास करना vs प्रयास करना (prayaas karna) vs आज़माना (aazmaana)

Both mean 'to try'.

'Prayaas karna' is to make an effort to achieve a goal. 'Aazmaana' is to try out or test something/someone to see if it works.

मैंने दरवाजा खोलने का प्रयास किया (I tried to open the door). मैंने यह नई तरकीब आज़माई (I tried out this new trick).

प्रयास करना vs प्रयास (prayaas) vs प्रयत्न (prayatna)

Synonyms with very similar roots.

'Prayatna' implies a slightly more intense, sustained, or diligent effort than 'prayaas', though they are often used interchangeably in formal contexts.

उसने बचने का प्रयत्न किया (He made a diligent effort to escape).

Structures de phrases

मैं [Verb-ne] का प्रयास करता/करती हूँ।

मैं पढ़ने का प्रयास करता हूँ।

मैंने [Verb-ne] का प्रयास किया।

मैंने सोने का प्रयास किया।

मैं [Verb-ne] का पूरा प्रयास करूँगा/करूँगी।

मैं जीतने का पूरा प्रयास करूँगा।

वह [Verb-ne] का प्रयास कर रहा/रही है।

वह समझने का प्रयास कर रही है।

[Noun] के बावजूद, उसने प्रयास किया।

दर्द के बावजूद, उसने प्रयास किया।

हमें [Verb-ne] का निरंतर प्रयास करना चाहिए।

हमें आगे बढ़ने का निरंतर प्रयास करना चाहिए।

यह [Verb-ne] का एक सफल/विफल प्रयास था।

यह भागने का एक विफल प्रयास था।

[Noun] को [Verb-ne] का हर संभव प्रयास किया जा रहा है।

स्थिति को सुधारने का हर संभव प्रयास किया जा रहा है।

Famille de mots

Noms

Verbes

Adjectifs

Apparenté

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

Highly frequent in written Hindi, news, and formal speech. Less frequent in casual street Hindi.

Erreurs courantes

मैं प्रयास किया। (Main prayaas kiya) → मैंने प्रयास किया। (Maine prayaas kiya)
Because 'karna' is a transitive verb, the past tense requires the ergative marker 'ne' after the subject.
मैंने प्रयास की। (Maine prayaas ki) → मैंने प्रयास किया। (Maine prayaas kiya)
Female speakers often mistakenly make the verb feminine to match their gender. However, with 'ne', the verb agrees with the object ('prayaas'), which is masculine.
मैं बोलने प्रयास कर रहा हूँ। (Main bolne prayaas kar raha hoon) → मैं बोलने का प्रयास कर रहा हूँ। (Main bolne ka prayaas kar raha hoon)
You must use the postposition 'ka' (of) to link the infinitive verb (bolne) to the noun (prayaas). Literally: 'I am doing the effort OF speaking'.
मैं यह खाना प्रयास करूँगा। (Main yeh khaana prayaas karunga) → मैं यह खाना चखूँगा। (Main yeh khaana chakhunga)
'Prayaas' is for making an effort, not for tasting food. Use 'chakhna' (to taste) for food.
उसने बहुत प्रयासें कीं। (Usne bahut prayaasein keen) → उसने कई प्रयास किए। (Usne kai prayaas kiye)
'Prayaas' does not take a feminine plural ending like 'ein'. Its direct plural form remains 'prayaas'. Since it's plural masculine, the verb becomes 'kiye'.

Astuces

The 'Ne' Rule is Non-Negotiable

Always use 'ने' (ne) with the subject in the past perfective tenses. 'मैंने प्रयास किया' (Maine prayaas kiya) is correct. 'मैं प्रयास किया' is wrong.

Gender Agreement in Past Tense

The verb 'किया' (kiya) agrees with the masculine noun 'प्रयास', not with the speaker. Females must also say 'मैंने प्रयास किया', never 'मैंने प्रयास की'.

Formal vs Informal

Use 'प्रयास' in formal emails, academic settings, or when speaking to superiors. Use 'कोशिश' when hanging out with friends.

Linking Verbs

When trying to do an action, use the oblique infinitive + का. Example: जाने का प्रयास (jaane ka prayaas - attempt to go).

Stress the 'Yaas'

Pronounce it as pra-YAAS. Make sure the 'aa' sound is long, like in the English word 'car'.

Not for Food or Clothes

Never use 'prayaas' for trying food (use चखना) or trying on clothes (use पहनकर देखना).

Professional Emails

End professional emails with 'मैं इसे जल्द पूरा करने का प्रयास करूँगा' (I will try to complete this soon) to sound highly professional.

Read the News

To get a feel for how 'prayaas' is used naturally, read Hindi newspapers. You will see it used daily in political and social contexts.

Expand Your Vocabulary

Once comfortable with 'prayaas', learn 'प्रयत्न' (prayatna) for an even more elevated, literary vocabulary.

Think 'Effort' not 'Try'

To avoid grammar mistakes, translate 'prayaas karna' in your head as 'to do an effort' rather than just 'to try'. This reminds you it's a noun+verb combo.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

PRAY-AAS: Imagine you PRAY to have the AAS (hope/desire) to succeed, so you TRY your best. Pray-aas = To try.

Association visuelle

Visualize a person pushing a heavy boulder up a hill. The sheer physical exertion and focus on their face represent 'prayaas'.

Word Web

प्रयास मेहनत सफलता लक्ष्य कठिनाई काम उद्देश्य हिम्मत

Défi

Write three sentences about something you are currently trying to achieve, using 'प्रयास कर रहा हूँ / रही हूँ'.

Origine du mot

The word 'प्रयास' (prayaas) originates from classical Sanskrit. It is formed by the prefix 'प्र' (pra - meaning forward, forth, or intense) and the root 'यस्' (yas - meaning to strive, to exert oneself).

Sens originel : In Sanskrit, 'prayāsa' meant exertion, effort, labor, or struggle. It carried a strong connotation of physical or mental toil.

Indo-Aryan > Sanskrit > Hindi

Contexte culturel

No specific cultural sensitivities, but using it in very casual settings might make you sound overly formal or bookish.

English speakers often use 'try' casually ('try this cake'). In Hindi, 'prayaas' is too formal for this. Use it only for significant efforts.

Bhagirath Prayaas (Mythological reference to King Bhagiratha's extreme effort to bring the Ganges to earth). Political speeches frequently use 'Hamara prayaas hai...' (It is our endeavor...). Motivational poetry often centers around the theme of 'prayaas'.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Academic/School

अच्छा प्रयास (good effort)
पास होने का प्रयास (try to pass)
सीखने का प्रयास (try to learn)
प्रयास करते रहो (keep trying)

Professional/Workplace

बिक्री बढ़ाने का प्रयास (try to increase sales)
समस्या सुलझाने का प्रयास (try to solve the problem)
पूरा प्रयास करूँगा (I will try my best)
संयुक्त प्रयास (joint effort)

News/Politics

राहत प्रयास (relief efforts)
शांति प्रयास (peace efforts)
सरकार का प्रयास (government's attempt)
हर संभव प्रयास (every possible effort)

Sports/Competition

जीतने का प्रयास (try to win)
अंतिम प्रयास (last attempt)
सफल प्रयास (successful attempt)
भरसक प्रयास (utmost effort)

Personal Development

आदत बदलने का प्रयास (try to change a habit)
बेहतर बनने का प्रयास (try to become better)
निरंतर प्रयास (continuous effort)
ध्यान लगाने का प्रयास (try to meditate)

Amorces de conversation

"क्या आपने कभी कोई नई भाषा सीखने का प्रयास किया है? (Have you ever tried to learn a new language?)"

"आपके जीवन का सबसे मुश्किल प्रयास क्या रहा है? (What has been the most difficult attempt of your life?)"

"जब आपका प्रयास विफल हो जाता है, तो आप क्या करते हैं? (What do you do when your effort fails?)"

"क्या आपको लगता है कि बिना प्रयास के सफलता मिल सकती है? (Do you think success can be achieved without effort?)"

"आजकल आप किस चीज़ में सुधार करने का प्रयास कर रहे हैं? (What are you trying to improve in these days?)"

Sujets d'écriture

एक ऐसे समय के बारे में लिखें जब आपने कुछ नया करने का प्रयास किया और असफल रहे। (Write about a time you tried something new and failed.)

आपके अनुसार 'सच्चे प्रयास' का क्या अर्थ है? (What does 'true effort' mean to you?)

उन तीन चीज़ों की सूची बनाएँ जिन्हें आप इस साल हासिल करने का प्रयास करेंगे। (List three things you will try to achieve this year.)

क्या कभी किसी ने आपके प्रयासों की सराहना की है? कैसा महसूस हुआ? (Has anyone ever appreciated your efforts? How did it feel?)

'प्रयास ही सफलता की कुंजी है' - इस विचार पर अपने विचार लिखें। ('Effort is the key to success' - write your thoughts on this.)

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

No. 'Prayaas karna' means making a mental or physical effort to achieve a goal. For trying on clothes, use 'पहनकर देखना' (pehan kar dekhna - literally 'to wear and see').

Because 'karna' (to do) is a transitive verb. In Hindi, transitive verbs in the past tense require the subject to take the postposition 'ne' (ने). 'Main' + 'ne' becomes 'Maine'.

No. When using 'ne', the verb agrees with the object, not the subject. The object here is the noun 'prayaas', which is always masculine singular. So, a woman must also say 'Maine prayaas kiya'.

They mean the same thing ('effort/attempt'). 'Prayaas' is formal, from Sanskrit, and masculine. 'Koshish' is everyday/informal, from Persian/Urdu, and feminine.

You say 'Main seekhne ka prayaas kar raha hoon' (if male) or '...kar rahi hoon' (if female). Notice the 'ka' connecting 'seekhne' (to learn) and 'prayaas'.

'Prayaas' itself is a noun meaning 'effort'. It becomes a verb when combined with 'karna' (to do), forming 'prayaas karna' (to make an effort / to try).

Yes. You can use it as a standalone noun. For example, 'Tumhara prayaas accha tha' (Your effort was good).

The direct plural is also 'prayaas' (e.g., 'do prayaas' - two attempts). The oblique plural (used before postpositions like 'mein' or 'ko') is 'prayaason'.

You can say 'poora prayaas karo' (make full effort) or 'apna sarvashreshth prayaas karo' (make your best effort).

Yes, it is very polite and respectful. Using 'prayaas' instead of 'koshish' shows that you are using refined language.

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