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A2 verb #2,000 le plus courant 6 min de lecture

शामिल करना

To make someone or something part of a group or total; to include.

shamil karna
At the A1 level, 'शामिल करना' (shāmil karnā) is introduced as a way to talk about adding things to a list or inviting people. Think of it as 'putting something in'. You might use it when talking about shopping lists ('इस फल को सूची में शामिल करो' - Include this fruit in the list) or basic games ('मुझे खेल में शामिल करो' - Include me in the game). The focus is on the simple present and imperative forms. Learners should focus on the 'Object + ko' and 'Place + mein' structure. It is one of the first compound verbs learners encounter that uses the word 'shāmil', which helps them understand how Hindi builds verbs using nouns and 'karnā'. At this stage, don't worry too much about complex grammar; just remember that it means 'to include' or 'to put in a group'.
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At the A2 level, you begin to use 'शामिल करना' in more varied tenses, especially the simple past ('किया') and future ('करूँगा'). You start to distinguish between 'शामिल करना' (to include someone) and 'शामिल होना' (to join/be included). This is a crucial distinction. You will use it to describe social situations, like inviting friends to a birthday party or adding ingredients to a recipe. You also learn the 'ne' rule: because this verb is transitive, you must use 'ne' with the subject in the past tense ('मैंने उसे शामिल किया'). You might also see it in simple news headlines or school instructions. It's about expanding your ability to describe group dynamics and administrative tasks.
At the B1 level, 'शामिल करना' becomes a tool for professional and social integration. You use it to discuss workplace scenarios, such as including specific data in a report or involving stakeholders in a decision-making process. You start to use more complex sentence structures, like 'चाहिए' (should) or 'सकना' (can). For example, 'हमें सभी कर्मचारियों को इस चर्चा में शामिल करना चाहिए' (We should include all employees in this discussion). You also begin to recognize the passive form 'शामिल किया जाना' in formal contexts. Your vocabulary expands to include synonyms like 'जोड़ना' and you start to understand when 'शामिल करना' is the more appropriate, professional choice compared to simpler verbs.
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At the B2 level, you use 'शामिल करना' to discuss abstract concepts and complex social issues. You might talk about 'social inclusion' (सामाजिक समावेश) and use the verb to describe policy changes or sociological trends. You are comfortable using it in the subjunctive mood or in conditional sentences ('अगर आप उसे शामिल करते, तो वह खुश होता' - If you had included him, he would have been happy). You also use it in more sophisticated business contexts, such as 'incorporating' feedback into a project lifecycle or 'integrating' new technology into a system. Your usage is fluid, and you rarely confuse it with 'शामिल होना'. You understand the nuance of using this verb to show agency and responsibility.
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At the C1 level, 'शामिल करना' is used with precision in academic, legal, and literary contexts. You might encounter it in legal documents where specific clauses are 'included' or 'incorporated' by reference. You use it to describe the synthesis of complex ideas in an essay or the inclusion of diverse perspectives in a philosophical debate. You are also aware of its Sanskritized synonym 'सम्मिलित करना' and choose between them based on the desired register and tone. You can use the verb to express subtle nuances, such as the difference between mere 'addition' and meaningful 'integration'. Your mastery allows you to use it in complex passive and causative constructions without hesitation.
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At the C2 level, 'शामिल करना' is part of a vast repertoire of verbs used to describe the architecture of systems, thoughts, and societies. You use it with native-like intuition, often in metaphorical or highly specialized ways. You might use it in literary criticism to discuss how an author 'includes' certain themes or in high-level political discourse regarding the 'inclusion' of marginalized voices in the national narrative. You understand the historical and etymological weight of the word and can play with its connotations in creative writing. At this level, the verb is not just a vocabulary item but a precise instrument for defining the boundaries of inclusion and exclusion in any given discourse.
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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

शामिल करना en 30 secondes

  • A transitive verb meaning 'to include' or 'to incorporate'.
  • Requires 'ko' for the object and 'mein' for the group/context.
  • Commonly used in social, professional, and administrative settings.
  • Distinguished from 'shāmil honā' (to join/be included).

The Hindi verb शामिल करना (shāmil karnā) is a fundamental compound verb used to express the act of incorporating, including, or adding someone or something into a pre-existing group, list, activity, or category. At its core, it signifies the transition from being 'outside' or 'separate' to being 'inside' or 'part of' a whole. In linguistic terms, it is a transitive verb, meaning it requires an object—the thing or person being included—and usually a destination or context into which they are being placed.

Core Concept
The action of making an entity a member of a set. It implies an active decision by an agent to expand the boundaries of a group to encompass a new element.
Grammatical Structure
It follows the pattern: [Object] + को + [Context] + में + शामिल करना. For example: 'उसने मुझे (Object) टीम में (Context) शामिल किया (Verb)'.
Etymological Nuance
The word 'शामिल' (shāmil) is of Arabic origin, entering Hindi through Persian. It carries a sense of 'encompassing' or 'comprising'. In modern Hindi, it is the standard way to say 'to include' in both formal and informal registers.

"कृपया इस नाम को सूची में शामिल करें।" (Please include this name in the list.)

— Common Administrative Request

Understanding 'शामिल करना' requires distinguishing it from its intransitive counterpart, 'शामिल होना' (to be included/to join). While 'होना' describes the state or the act of the subject joining, 'करना' describes the action performed by someone else to bring that subject in. This distinction is vital for A2 learners moving toward B1 proficiency.

"सरकार ने नई योजनाओं को बजट में शामिल किया है।" (The government has included new schemes in the budget.)

"क्या आप मुझे अपने खेल में शामिल करेंगे?" (Will you include me in your game?)

Synonym Comparison
While 'जोड़ना' (to add/link) can sometimes be used, 'शामिल करना' is more specific to group membership and abstract inclusion. 'मिलाना' (to mix/blend) is used for physical substances or meeting people.

"शिक्षक ने हर छात्र को चर्चा में शामिल किया।" (The teacher included every student in the discussion.)

Using शामिल करना correctly involves mastering the postpositions that typically accompany it. Because it is a compound verb consisting of a noun/adjective and 'karnā', it functions as a single unit of action. The most critical aspect is identifying the 'container' (where something is being included) and the 'content' (what is being included).

1. The Basic Formula

The standard sentence structure is: Subject + [Object] + को + [Container] + में + शामिल करना. The postposition को (ko) marks the direct object, and में (mein) marks the location or group.

  • Example: मैंने (Subject) राम (Object) को अपनी टीम (Container) में शामिल किया। (I included Ram in my team.)

2. Tense Conjugations

Since 'karnā' is the operative part of the verb, it conjugates like any other 'karnā' verb:

Present Habitual: शामिल करता हूँ / करती हूँ (I include)
Past Perfect: शामिल किया (Included)
Future: शामिल करूँगा / करूँगी (Will include)
Continuous: शामिल कर रहा हूँ (Am including)

3. Social and Professional Contexts

In professional settings, this verb is used for adding items to agendas, including stakeholders in meetings, or incorporating feedback into reports. In social settings, it refers to inviting people to parties or involving them in conversations.

To sound more natural, A2 learners should practice using it with lists, groups of friends, and ingredients in a recipe. It bridges the gap between simple 'adding' and complex 'integration'.

You will encounter शामिल करना in a variety of everyday and formal environments in India. Its versatility makes it a high-frequency verb in media, business, and social interactions.

1. In the News and Media

News anchors frequently use this verb when discussing government policies, sports team selections, or legal proceedings. You might hear: "चयनकर्ताओं ने युवा खिलाड़ियों को टीम में शामिल किया है" (The selectors have included young players in the team).

2. In Corporate and Office Environments

During meetings, managers often talk about including specific points in a presentation or including certain employees in a new project. It is the go-to word for 'onboarding' or 'incorporating' ideas. "हमें आपकी प्रतिक्रिया को रिपोर्ट में शामिल करना चाहिए" (We should include your feedback in the report).

3. In Educational Settings

Teachers use it when telling students what topics are included in the syllabus or when asking students to include citations in their essays. "इस अध्याय को परीक्षा में शामिल नहीं किया गया है" (This chapter has not been included in the exam).

4. Social and Family Life

When planning events like weddings or parties, families discuss who to include in the guest list. "क्या हमने पड़ोसियों को मेहमानों की सूची में शामिल किया?" (Did we include the neighbors in the guest list?). It also appears in recipes: "मसालों को अंत में शामिल करें" (Include the spices at the end).

Even intermediate learners often stumble when using शामिल करना. Here are the most frequent errors and how to avoid them.

1. Confusing 'Karnā' with 'Honā'

This is the #1 mistake. शामिल होना means 'to join' or 'to be included' (intransitive), whereas शामिल करना means 'to include someone else' (transitive).

  • ❌ मैं टीम में शामिल किया। (Incorrect: I included in the team - sounds incomplete)
  • ✅ मैं टीम में शामिल हुआ। (Correct: I joined the team)
  • ✅ मैंने उसे टीम में शामिल किया। (Correct: I included him in the team)

2. Omitting the 'Ne' (ने) Particle

Since 'शामिल करना' is transitive, in the perfective tenses (past), the subject must take 'ne'.

  • ❌ वह मुझे शामिल किया। (Incorrect)
  • ✅ उसने मुझे शामिल किया। (Correct)

3. Incorrect Postpositions

Learners sometimes use 'se' (with) instead of 'mein' (in). While 'with' works in English ("Include him with us"), Hindi prefers 'in' ("Include him in our group").

  • ❌ उसे हमारे साथ शामिल करो। (Less common/slightly awkward)
  • ✅ उसे हमारे समूह में शामिल करो। (Standard)

4. Overusing 'Add' (जोड़ना)

While 'जोड़ना' (joṛnā) means to add, it often implies physical attachment or mathematical addition. For people and abstract concepts, 'शामिल करना' is much more natural.

Hindi has several words related to the concept of 'adding' or 'including'. Understanding the nuances between them will elevate your fluency.

सम्मिलित करना (Sammilit Karnā)
This is the formal, Sanskritized version of 'शामिल करना'. You will see this in textbooks, legal documents, and formal speeches. It is rarely used in casual conversation.
जोड़ना (Joṛnā)
Literally 'to join' or 'to add'. Use this for numbers (2+2), physical objects (joining two pipes), or adding a contact on social media. It is more functional and less about 'membership' than 'शामिल करना'.
मिलाना (Milānā)
To mix, blend, or connect. Use this for ingredients in cooking, mixing colors, or introducing two people to each other. It implies a loss of individual boundaries that 'शामिल करना' does not necessarily imply.
घुसाना (Ghusānā)
To shove or force something in. This has a negative or aggressive connotation. Use it when something is being included where it doesn't belong.

In summary, शामिल करना is the most balanced and versatile term for 'including' in almost any context, from inviting a friend to a party to adding a clause to a contract.

How Formal Is It?

Formel

""

Informel

""

Argot

""

Niveau de difficulté

Grammaire à connaître

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Exemples par niveau

1

इस नाम को लिस्ट में शामिल करो।

Include this name in the list.

Imperative form (command).

2

क्या आप मुझे खेल में शामिल करेंगे?

Will you include me in the game?

Future tense question.

3

चीनी को चाय में शामिल करें।

Include (add) sugar in the tea.

Formal imperative.

4

मैंने उसे अपनी पार्टी में शामिल किया।

I included him in my party.

Past tense with 'ne'.

5

हमें फल भी शामिल करने चाहिए।

We should also include fruits.

Using 'chāhiye' (should).

6

वह मुझे अपने ग्रुप में शामिल नहीं करता।

He does not include me in his group.

Present habitual negative.

7

कृपया फोटो को ईमेल में शामिल करें।

Please include the photo in the email.

Polite request.

8

माँ ने खाने में नमक शामिल किया।

Mother included (added) salt in the food.

Past tense with feminine subject.

1

शिक्षक ने नए छात्र को कक्षा में शामिल किया।

The teacher included the new student in the class.

Past tense 'ne' construction.

2

क्या हमने सभी मेहमानों को शामिल किया है?

Have we included all the guests?

Present perfect question.

3

आपको अपनी डाइट में सब्जियां शामिल करनी चाहिए।

You should include vegetables in your diet.

Advice using 'chāhiye'.

4

कंपनी ने मुझे अपनी टीम में शामिल किया।

The company included me in its team.

Transitive past tense.

5

वह अपनी कहानी में मुझे भी शामिल कर रहा है।

He is including me in his story too.

Present continuous.

6

अगले हफ्ते हम नए सदस्यों को शामिल करेंगे।

Next week we will include new members.

Future tense.

7

क्या आपने इस खर्चे को बजट में शामिल किया?

Did you include this expense in the budget?

Past tense question.

8

उसने मुझे अपनी योजना में शामिल नहीं किया।

He did not include me in his plan.

Negative past tense.

1

प्रबंधक ने मेरी सलाह को प्रोजेक्ट में शामिल किया।

The manager included my advice in the project.

Professional context.

2

हमें इस रिपोर्ट में और आंकड़े शामिल करने होंगे।

We will have to include more data in this report.

Compulsion in future ('honge').

3

सरकार नई नीतियों को शामिल करने की योजना बना रही है।

The government is planning to include new policies.

Infinitive as an object.

4

क्या आप इस विषय को अपनी प्रस्तुति में शामिल कर सकते हैं?

Can you include this topic in your presentation?

Ability using 'saknā'.

5

उन्होंने मुझे अपनी गुप्त मीटिंग में शामिल किया।

They included me in their secret meeting.

Plural subject in past tense.

6

लेखक ने अपनी पुस्तक में कई वास्तविक घटनाओं को शामिल किया है।

The author has included many real events in his book.

Present perfect with multiple objects.

7

इस पैकेज में नाश्ता शामिल नहीं किया गया है।

Breakfast has not been included in this package.

Passive voice.

8

हमें बच्चों को भी इस चर्चा में शामिल करना चाहिए।

We should include children in this discussion too.

Inclusive social context.

1

संविधान में सभी नागरिकों के अधिकारों को शामिल किया गया है।

Rights of all citizens have been included in the constitution.

Formal passive voice.

2

वैज्ञानिकों ने अपने शोध में नए डेटा को शामिल किया।

Scientists included new data in their research.

Academic context.

3

क्या आप अपनी टीम में विविधता को शामिल करने के लिए तैयार हैं?

Are you ready to include diversity in your team?

Abstract concept inclusion.

4

कंपनी ने पर्यावरण सुरक्षा को अपने मिशन में शामिल किया है।

The company has included environmental safety in its mission.

Corporate social responsibility context.

5

फिल्म निर्माता ने स्थानीय कलाकारों को फिल्म में शामिल किया।

The filmmaker included local artists in the film.

Cultural context.

6

हमें अपनी जीवनशैली में योग को शामिल करना चाहिए।

We should include yoga in our lifestyle.

Lifestyle advice.

7

अदालत ने इस गवाह को केस में शामिल करने का आदेश दिया।

The court ordered to include this witness in the case.

Legal context.

8

उसने अपनी वसीयत में अपने पोते को शामिल किया।

He included his grandson in his will.

Legal/Family context.

1

लेखक ने अपने उपन्यास में दार्शनिक विचारों को बड़ी कुशलता से शामिल किया है।

The author has skillfully included philosophical ideas in his novel.

Literary analysis.

2

नई शिक्षा नीति में कौशल विकास को प्रमुखता से शामिल किया गया है।

Skill development has been prominently included in the new education policy.

Policy analysis.

3

इतिहासकारों ने इस घटना को मुख्यधारा के इतिहास में शामिल नहीं किया।

Historians did not include this event in mainstream history.

Critical historical context.

4

हमें अपनी चर्चा में हाशिए के समुदायों की आवाज़ों को शामिल करना होगा।

We must include the voices of marginalized communities in our discussion.

Social justice context.

5

इस सॉफ्टवेयर अपडेट में कई सुरक्षा पैच शामिल किए गए हैं।

Several security patches have been included in this software update.

Technical context.

6

निर्देशक ने फिल्म के क्लाइमेक्स में एक अप्रत्याशित मोड़ शामिल किया।

The director included an unexpected twist in the film's climax.

Creative arts context.

7

आर्थिक सुधारों में कृषि क्षेत्र को शामिल करना अनिवार्य है।

It is mandatory to include the agricultural sector in economic reforms.

Economic discourse.

8

उन्होंने अपनी शोध पद्धति में गुणात्मक और मात्रात्मक दोनों दृष्टिकोणों को शामिल किया।

They included both qualitative and quantitative approaches in their research methodology.

Advanced research context.

1

उनकी कविता में प्रकृति के सूक्ष्म तत्वों को शामिल करने की अद्भुत क्षमता है।

His poetry has an amazing ability to include the subtle elements of nature.

High-level literary appreciation.

2

वैश्वीकरण ने स्थानीय संस्कृतियों को वैश्विक पटल पर शामिल किया है।

Globalization has included local cultures on the global stage.

Sociological discourse.

3

इस संधि में भविष्य के विवादों को सुलझाने के लिए एक तंत्र शामिल किया गया है।

A mechanism for resolving future disputes has been included in this treaty.

Diplomatic/Legal context.

4

दार्शनिक ने अपने तर्क में विरोधाभासी विचारों को भी शामिल किया।

The philosopher included even contradictory ideas in his argument.

Philosophical analysis.

5

आधुनिक वास्तुकला में स्थिरता के सिद्धांतों को शामिल करना अब एक मानक बन गया है।

Including principles of sustainability in modern architecture has now become a standard.

Professional/Technical discourse.

6

लेखक ने अपनी आत्मकथा में उन लोगों को भी शामिल किया जिन्होंने उनका विरोध किया था।

The author included even those who opposed him in his autobiography.

Biographical context.

7

इस परियोजना के दायरे में कई उप-परियोजनाओं को शामिल किया गया है।

Many sub-projects have been included within the scope of this project.

Project management at scale.

8

न्यायशास्त्र में नैतिकता के प्रश्नों को शामिल करना एक जटिल प्रक्रिया है।

Including questions of morality in jurisprudence is a complex process.

Legal philosophy.

Collocations courantes

सूची में शामिल करना
टीम में शामिल करना
योजना में शामिल करना
बजट में शामिल करना
चर्चा में शामिल करना
पाठ्यक्रम में शामिल करना
मेहमानों में शामिल करना
एजेंडा में शामिल करना
रिपोर्ट में शामिल करना
प्रक्रिया में शामिल करना

Phrases Courantes

नाम शामिल करना

हिस्सा शामिल करना

तथ्यों को शामिल करना

नए सदस्यों को शामिल करना

सुझावों को शामिल करना

विवरण शामिल करना

फोटो शामिल करना

दस्तावेज शामिल करना

मुद्दों को शामिल करना

शर्तों को शामिल करना

Souvent confondu avec

शामिल करना vs शामिल होना

शामिल करना vs मिलाना

शामिल करना vs जोड़ना

Expressions idiomatiques

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""

""

""

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""

""

""

""

""

Facile à confondre

शामिल करना vs

शामिल करना vs

शामिल करना vs

शामिल करना vs

शामिल करना vs

Structures de phrases

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Comment l'utiliser

formality

Neutral; suitable for all contexts.

transitivity

Always requires an object.

preposition preference

Prefers 'mein' (in) over 'ke saath' (with).

Erreurs courantes
  • Using 'se' instead of 'mein' for the container.
  • Forgetting 'ne' in the past tense.
  • Confusing 'shamil karna' with 'shamil hona'.
  • Using 'milana' when referring to adding a person to a team.
  • Mispronouncing 'sh' as 's'.

Astuces

The 'Ne' Rule

Remember that 'shamil karna' is transitive. In the past tense, the subject takes 'ne' and the verb agrees with the object.

Synonym Choice

Use 'shamil karna' for people and 'jodna' for items or numbers to sound like a native speaker.

Politeness

When asking to be included, use 'kripya' (please) and the polite form 'shamil kijiye' to be more respectful.

Social Situations

In India, not including someone in a social event can be seen as a slight, so this verb is socially significant.

List Making

When writing a list, use the imperative 'shamil karein' at the end of each instruction for clarity.

News Reports

Listen for this verb in sports news when teams are announced; it's used constantly there.

Hona vs Karna

Always double-check if you are the one doing the including (karna) or if you are the one being included (hona).

Formal Usage

In essays, 'shamil karna' helps you discuss how different factors contribute to a result.

Meetings

Use this verb to ensure everyone's ideas are 'included' in the final decision.

The Circle

Visualize drawing a circle around things to remember the meaning of 'shamil'.

Mémorise-le

Origine du mot

Arabic via Persian

Contexte culturel

Bollywood often uses this in the context of 'joining the cast' or 'including a special song'.

The term is frequently used in slogans regarding social justice and minority rights.

Inviting neighbors and extended family to events is a standard cultural practice.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Amorces de conversation

"क्या मैं आपको अपने ग्रुप में शामिल कर सकता हूँ?"

"आपने इस लिस्ट में किसका नाम शामिल किया?"

"क्या हमें इस योजना में और लोगों को शामिल करना चाहिए?"

"इस फिल्म में कौन-कौन से कलाकारों को शामिल किया गया है?"

"क्या आपने अपनी डाइट में फल शामिल किए हैं?"

Sujets d'écriture

आज आपने अपनी दिनचर्या में कौन सी नई आदत शामिल की?

एक ऐसी घटना के बारे में लिखें जब किसी ने आपको अपनी टीम में शामिल किया।

अगर आप एक पार्टी दे रहे हैं, तो आप किन लोगों को शामिल करेंगे?

क्या आपको लगता है कि स्कूलों को और अधिक खेलों को शामिल करना चाहिए?

अपनी पसंदीदा रेसिपी लिखें और बताएं कि कौन से मसाले शामिल करने हैं।

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

'Shamil karna' is used for membership in a group or list, while 'jodna' is used for adding numbers or physically joining things.

Yes, it is very common to say 'masalo ko shamil karein' (include/add spices).

It is neutral and can be used in both casual conversations and formal documents.

You can say 'Mujhe shamil kiya gaya' (Passive) or 'Main shamil hua' (Intransitive).

Yes, if the object is a specific person or thing, 'ko' is required.

The most common opposite is 'nikalna' (to remove) or 'bahar karna' (to exclude).

Yes, like 'apne vicharo ko shamil karna' (to include your thoughts).

Only in very formal or academic writing; 'shamil karna' is better for daily life.

Since it's transitive, it depends on the object. 'Usne (she) mujhe (me) shamil kiya'.

The noun form is 'shamil' (included) or 'shmooliyat' (inclusion/participation).

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