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B1 adjective 9 min de lecture

द्वेषपूर्ण

dveshpurn
Exemples Notes et astuces द्वेषपूर्ण en 30 secondes
Explication द्वेषपूर्ण in your Level:
At the A1 level, 'द्वेषपूर्ण' (dveshpurn) is a very difficult word. A1 learners usually learn simple words for 'bad' like 'बुरा' (bura) or 'गंदा' (ganda). You don't need to use 'द्वेषपूर्ण' yet, but it is good to know that it means 'very mean' or 'acting with hate.' Think of it as a 'Level 10' version of being mean. If someone is not just angry but wants to hurt you with their words, a Hindi speaker might use this big word. For now, just remember: Dvesh = Hate, Purn = Full. So, 'Full of hate.'
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At the A2 level, you are starting to describe people's feelings. You might know 'गुस्सा' (anger) and 'नफरत' (hate). 'द्वेषपूर्ण' (dveshpurn) is a formal way to say something is 'malicious' or 'spiteful.' You might see this word in a simple story or a news headline. For example, if a bad character in a movie says something mean to the hero, that is a 'द्वेषपूर्ण टिप्पणी' (malicious comment). Try to recognize the word when you see it in text, even if you don't use it in your own speaking yet.
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At the B1 level, you should begin to use 'द्वेषपूर्ण' in your writing and formal speaking. This word is perfect for describing unfair behavior or mean intentions. Instead of just saying 'उसने बुरा बोला' (He said bad things), you can say 'उसने द्वेषपूर्ण बातें कीं' (He said malicious things). This shows you understand the 'intent' behind the words. B1 learners should be able to distinguish between simple anger and 'dvesh' (malice). It is an excellent word for discussing social media behavior or characters in a book.
At the B2 level, you should have a firm grasp of 'द्वेषपूर्ण.' You should use it in debates, essays, and formal discussions. You should understand that it is an adjective that doesn't change its form. You should also be able to use it in legal or professional contexts, such as describing a 'malicious campaign' or 'spiteful rumors.' At this level, you should also know its synonyms like 'दुर्भावनापूर्ण' and be able to explain the difference between acting out of anger and acting out of 'dvesh.'
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At the C1 level, 'द्वेषपूर्ण' is a tool for nuanced analysis. You use it to critique rhetoric, analyze political motives, and discuss complex psychological states in literature. You understand the philosophical roots of 'dvesha' in Indian culture and how that adds weight to the word. You can use it fluently in sentences like 'राजनीतिक द्वेषपूर्णता ने समाज को विभाजित कर दिया है' (Political maliciousness has divided society). You are comfortable with the word in all its formal and semi-formal applications.
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At the C2 level, you use 'द्वेषपूर्ण' with the precision of a native speaker. You can detect the subtle difference between 'dveshpurn,' 'shatrutapurn,' and 'durbhavnapurn' and choose the exact one that fits the context. You might use it in academic writing, legal briefs, or high-level literary translations. You understand how the word functions in various registers, from classical poetry to modern digital law. For a C2 learner, this word is not just vocabulary; it's a way to express a specific moral judgment.
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Exemples Notes et astuces

द्वेषपूर्ण en 30 secondes

  • Dveshpurn means malicious or spiteful, describing actions full of deep ill-will.
  • It is a formal Hindi word derived from Sanskrit, often used in news and literature.
  • It functions as an adjective and does not change its form with gender or number.
  • Commonly paired with words like 'comment', 'rumor', 'intent', and 'behavior'.

The Hindi word द्वेषपूर्ण (dveshpurn) is a sophisticated adjective used to describe actions, words, or intentions that are rooted in deep-seated ill-will, malice, or a desire to harm others emotionally or reputationally. Derived from the Sanskrit root 'dvesha' (hatred) and the suffix 'purn' (full of), it literally translates to 'full of hatred.' However, in modern Hindi usage, it carries a more nuanced meaning similar to 'malicious' or 'spiteful' in English. It is not just about being angry; it is about a calculated or persistent feeling of enmity that manifests in one's behavior. When you describe a comment as द्वेषपूर्ण, you are implying that the person making the comment didn't just disagree, but intended to hurt or belittle the other person out of spite.

Etymological Breakdown
The word is a compound of 'द्वेष' (dvesh), meaning hatred, aversion, or hostility, and 'पूर्ण' (purn), meaning full or complete. This structure is common in formal Hindi to create adjectives that describe a state of being saturated with a particular emotion.
Social Context
In Indian society, expressing 'dvesh' is generally seen as a sign of low character or lack of emotional control. Using the word द्वेषपूर्ण often appears in formal debates, literary criticism, legal contexts regarding defamation, and psychological discussions about toxic behavior.

उसने मेरे खिलाफ एक द्वेषपूर्ण अभियान चलाया ताकि मेरी छवि खराब हो सके। (He ran a malicious campaign against me so that my image could be tarnished.)

Understanding the weight of this word is crucial for learners. If someone calls your actions द्वेषपूर्ण, it is a serious accusation of bad faith. It suggests that your motivations are not constructive but destructive. In literature, villains are often characterized by their द्वेषपूर्ण nature, contrasting with the 'dayalu' (compassionate) or 'kshama-sheel' (forgiving) nature of the hero. It is frequently paired with nouns like 'टिप्पणी' (comment), 'व्यवहार' (behavior), 'कार्य' (act), and 'झूठ' (lie).

राजनीति में अक्सर द्वेषपूर्ण बयानबाजी देखने को मिलती है। (Malicious rhetoric is often seen in politics.)

In professional settings, a 'dveshpurn' review of a colleague's work would be one that ignores the merits and focuses solely on personal attacks. It is the antithesis of 'fairness' (nishpakshata). When learning this word, try to associate it with the English 'malice' rather than just 'hate.' Malice suggests a legal or moral culpability that simple hate does not always carry. It is the active application of hatred toward a specific target.

सोशल मीडिया पर द्वेषपूर्ण संदेश फैलाना कानूनी अपराध हो सकता है। (Spreading malicious messages on social media can be a legal offense.)

Common Collocations
1. द्वेषपूर्ण टिप्पणी (Malicious comment)
2. द्वेषपूर्ण भावना (Spiteful feeling)
3. द्वेषपूर्ण इरादा (Malicious intent)

To master this word, observe how it is used in news reports. Whenever there is a discussion about 'hate speech' or 'malicious prosecution,' you will hear the term द्वेषपूर्ण. It elevates the conversation from simple interpersonal conflict to a discussion of moral and ethical failings. It is a B1/B2 level word because it requires understanding the internal motivation of a person rather than just their external visible actions.

Using द्वेषपूर्ण correctly requires placing it as an adjective before a noun or as a predicate describing a subject. Because it is a formal word, it should be used in contexts that warrant a serious tone. Using it to describe a small, playful disagreement would be 'overkill' or hyperbole.

In Legal and Formal Contexts
In a courtroom or a formal report, you might describe a lawsuit as 'dveshpurn' if it was filed solely to harass the defendant. For example: 'न्यायालय ने इस याचिका को द्वेषपूर्ण माना' (The court considered this petition malicious).

उसने अपने पूर्व बॉस के बारे में द्वेषपूर्ण अफवाहें फैलाईं। (He spread malicious rumors about his former boss.)

When describing personal feelings, द्वेषपूर्ण helps distinguish between a moment of anger and a lasting grudge. If you say someone's eyes were 'dveshpurn,' you are describing a look of deep, burning resentment. It is often used to describe the 'why' behind an action that seems unnecessarily cruel.

उनकी द्वेषपूर्ण मुस्कान ने सबको डरा दिया। (Her spiteful smile scared everyone.)

In journalistic writing, this word is a staple. Journalists use it to describe the tone of political rallies or the content of controversial speeches. It provides a way to critique the 'spirit' of the speech without necessarily calling the facts into question. If a speech is 'dveshpurn,' the focus is on the hate it incites.

लेखक ने समाज में व्याप्त द्वेषपूर्ण प्रवृत्तियों पर प्रहार किया है। (The author has attacked the malicious tendencies prevalent in society.)

For learners, a good exercise is to take a simple sentence like 'उसने बात की' (He talked) and add the adverbial form or the adjective to change the meaning entirely: 'उसने द्वेषपूर्ण तरीके से बात की' (He talked in a malicious manner). Notice how it changes the entire character of the interaction. It suggests a history of conflict or a deep-seated bias.

Comparison with 'Bura' (Bad)
'Bura' is generic. A 'bura' person might just be rude. A 'dveshpurn' person is actively seeking to harm you through their words or deeds. Use 'dveshpurn' when the 'badness' is targeted and intentional.

You are most likely to encounter द्वेषपूर्ण in formal Hindi media, literature, and serious discussions. It is not a word you would typically hear in a casual conversation between teenagers at a cafe, but you would certainly hear it in a news debate or read it in an editorial column in newspapers like 'Dainik Jagran' or 'Amar Ujala'.

In News and Media
News anchors often use this word when reporting on 'hate speech' (भड़काऊ भाषण) or when one politician accuses another of making personal, nasty attacks. For example, 'विपक्ष ने सरकार के फैसले को द्वेषपूर्ण बताया' (The opposition called the government's decision malicious).

समाचार पत्र ने नेता की द्वेषपूर्ण भाषा की कड़ी निंदा की। (The newspaper strongly condemned the leader's malicious language.)

In Hindi literature (Sahitya), authors use द्वेषपूर्ण to describe the inner turmoil or the negative character traits of an antagonist. It helps in creating a vivid picture of a character's psychological state. When reading classic Hindi novels by Premchand or modern authors, look for this word to identify characters who are driven by vengeance or jealousy.

फिल्म के विलेन का चेहरा द्वेषपूर्ण भावों से भरा था। (The film villain's face was full of malicious expressions.)

Another place you'll hear it is in legal dramas or real-life court proceedings. The term 'malicious prosecution' is translated as 'द्वेषपूर्ण अभियोजन' in Hindi legal terminology. If someone is being sued for acting out of spite rather than a pursuit of justice, this word will be the centerpiece of the argument.

उसने अपनी हार का बदला लेने के लिए द्वेषपूर्ण कार्रवाई की। (He took malicious action to avenge his defeat.)

Finally, in the digital age, 'dveshpurn' is used to describe 'cyberbullying' and 'trolling'. When people post hateful comments online, Hindi tech-journalism and social awareness campaigns often refer to this as 'द्वेषपूर्ण कमेंट्स' (malicious comments). It highlights the harmful intent behind digital interactions.

Learners often struggle with the distinction between 'hatred' as a noun and 'malicious' as an adjective. A common mistake is using the noun 'dvesh' where the adjective 'dveshpurn' is required.

Mistake 1: Confusing Noun and Adjective
Incorrect: 'उसका व्यवहार द्वेष था' (His behavior was hatred).
Correct: 'उसका व्यवहार द्वेषपूर्ण था' (His behavior was malicious).
Explain: You need the adjective to describe the quality of the behavior.

हमें द्वेषपूर्ण विचारों से दूर रहना चाहिए। (We should stay away from malicious thoughts.)

Another mistake is using द्वेषपूर्ण when you simply mean 'mean' or 'rude' (badtameez). Being rude is a lack of manners; being द्वेषपूर्ण is a presence of evil intent. If a child refuses to share a toy, they are being selfish, not necessarily द्वेषपूर्ण. Reserved this word for when there is a clear intent to cause suffering or damage.

उसकी द्वेषपूर्ण हंसी ने पार्टी का माहौल बिगाड़ दिया। (His spiteful laughter spoiled the atmosphere of the party.)

A third mistake involves pronunciation. Beginners sometimes drop the 'h' sound in 'dvesh' or fail to pronounce the 'purn' clearly. Ensure that you articulate the 'v' and 'sh' clearly. It is 'dve-sh-pur-n'. Mispronouncing it can make it sound like other unrelated words, though none are very close in sound.

Mistake 2: Overlapping with 'Irshyalu' (Jealous)
While jealousy can lead to malice, they are not the same. 'Irshyalu' describes how you feel (envious), while 'dveshpurn' describes how you act or the nature of your intent (malicious). You can be jealous without being malicious.

Finally, be careful with the word's formality. In a very casual setting with friends, using 'dveshpurn' might sound like you are speaking like a textbook or a politician. In those cases, words like 'khunnas' (slang for grudge-filled) or simply 'ganda' (bad) might be more natural, though 'dveshpurn' is always grammatically correct.

Hindi has a rich vocabulary for negative emotions. Understanding the synonyms and near-synonyms for द्वेषपूर्ण will help you choose the precise word for the right situation. While 'dveshpurn' is the standard for 'malicious,' other words offer different shades of meaning.

दुर्भावनापूर्ण (Durbhavnapurn)
This is the closest synonym. 'Dur' (bad) + 'Bhavna' (feeling) + 'Purn' (full of). It is often used interchangeably with 'dveshpurn,' but it feels slightly more psychological, focusing on the 'bad feeling' inside.
शत्रुतापूर्ण (Shatrutapurn)
'Shatruta' means enmity. This word is used when the malice comes from a place of being 'enemies.' It is more about a state of war or conflict than a personal spiteful feeling.

दोनों देशों के बीच शत्रुतापूर्ण संबंध हैं। (There are hostile relations between the two countries.)

If you want to describe someone who is just 'full of hate' in a more general sense, you might use 'नफरत भरा' (nafrat bhara). This is more common in daily speech and Bollywood songs. 'Dveshpurn' is more 'clinical' or 'literary' compared to the raw emotion of 'nafrat bhara'.

उसकी दुर्भावनापूर्ण योजना विफल हो गई। (His malevolent plan failed.)

For an even more intense word, consider 'विषाक्त' (vishakt), which means 'toxic' or 'poisonous.' While it literally refers to poison, it is now commonly used to describe 'toxic' environments or people, much like in English. A 'dveshpurn' person often creates a 'vishakt' atmosphere.

Antonyms to Consider
1. मैत्रीपूर्ण (Maitripurn) - Friendly
2. उदार (Udar) - Generous/Broad-minded
3. दयालु (Dayalu) - Kind
4. सद्भावनापूर्ण (Sadbhavnapurn) - Full of good-will (The direct opposite of Durbhavnapurn/Dveshpurn)

In summary, choose द्वेषपूर्ण when you want to highlight the 'malicious intent' of a formal action or statement. Use its synonyms to adjust the intensity or the specific nature of the negativity (hostility vs. bad feeling vs. toxicity).

Le savais-tu ?

In Sanskrit grammar, this is a 'Bahuvrihi' or 'Tatpurusha' compound depending on context, but in modern Hindi, it functions as a simple descriptive adjective. It is part of a large family of '-purn' words.

Guide de prononciation

UK /d̪ʋeːʂ.pʊrn/
US /d̪veɪʃ.pʊrn/
The stress is slightly more on the first syllable 'Dvesh'.
Rime avec
पूर्ण (purn) संपूर्ण (sampurn) महत्वपूर्ण (mahatvapurn) सफलतापूर्ण (safaltapurn) शांतिपूर्ण (shantipurn) विवेकपूर्ण (vivekpurn) तर्कपूर्ण (tarkpurn) अर्थपूर्ण (arthpurn)
Erreurs fréquentes
  • Pronouncing 'd' like the English 'd' (it should be dental).
  • Missing the retroflex 'sh' and saying a simple 's'.
  • Pronouncing 'purn' as 'poon'.
  • Dropping the 'v' sound entirely.
  • Making the 'sh' sound too short.
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Exemples par niveau

1

वह एक द्वेषपूर्ण आदमी है।

He is a malicious man.

Simple Subject-Adjective-Noun structure.

2

उसकी बातें द्वेषपूर्ण हैं।

His words are spiteful.

'Baatein' is plural, but 'dveshpurn' stays the same.

3

द्वेषपूर्ण मत बनो।

Don't be malicious.

Imperative sentence.

4

यह एक द्वेषपूर्ण कहानी है।

This is a spiteful story.

Adjective modifying the noun 'kahani'.

5

उसने द्वेषपूर्ण काम किया।

He did a malicious deed.

Past tense 'kiya'.

6

मुझे द्वेषपूर्ण लोग पसंद नहीं हैं।

I don't like malicious people.

Standard 'pasand' construction.

7

क्या वह द्वेषपूर्ण है?

Is he malicious?

Simple interrogative.

8

उसका चेहरा द्वेषपूर्ण था।

His face was spiteful.

Past tense with 'tha'.

1

उसने द्वेषपूर्ण तरीके से बात की।

He spoke in a malicious manner.

Using 'tarike se' to form an adverbial phrase.

2

हमें द्वेषपूर्ण व्यवहार नहीं करना चाहिए।

We should not exhibit malicious behavior.

Using 'chahiye' for advice.

3

उसने एक द्वेषपूर्ण पत्र लिखा।

He wrote a malicious letter.

Past tense transitive verb.

4

यह द्वेषपूर्ण टिप्पणी बहुत बुरी है।

This malicious comment is very bad.

Combining two adjectives.

5

उसके मन में द्वेषपूर्ण विचार थे।

There were malicious thoughts in his mind.

Locative case 'man mein'.

6

उसने द्वेषपूर्ण हंसी हंसी।

He laughed a spiteful laugh.

Cognate object 'hansi hansi'.

7

द्वेषपूर्ण लोग अक्सर अकेले होते हैं।

Malicious people are often alone.

General statement.

8

क्या आपने वह द्वेषपूर्ण समाचार सुना?

Did you hear that malicious news?

Interrogative in past tense.

1

उसने मेरे करियर को बर्बाद करने के लिए द्वेषपूर्ण अफवाहें फैलाईं।

He spread malicious rumors to ruin my career.

Purpose clause with 'ke liye'.

2

अदालत ने इसे एक द्वेषपूर्ण मुकदमा करार दिया।

The court termed it a malicious lawsuit.

Formal vocabulary like 'karar diya'.

3

सोशल मीडिया पर द्वेषपूर्ण संदेशों की बाढ़ आ गई है।

There is a flood of malicious messages on social media.

Metaphorical use of 'baadh' (flood).

4

उसकी द्वेषपूर्ण मुस्कान के पीछे एक गहरा राज था।

Behind her spiteful smile, there was a deep secret.

Postposition 'ke peeche'.

5

हमें किसी के प्रति द्वेषपूर्ण भावना नहीं रखनी चाहिए।

We should not harbor malicious feelings toward anyone.

Postposition 'ke prati' (toward).

6

उसने द्वेषपूर्ण इरादे से मेरी मदद करने से मना कर दिया।

He refused to help me with malicious intent.

Instrumental case 'irade se'.

7

फिल्म में विलेन का किरदार बहुत ही द्वेषपूर्ण दिखाया गया है।

The villain's character in the film is shown to be very malicious.

Passive construction 'dikhaya gaya hai'.

8

उसने अपनी द्वेषपूर्ण टिप्पणियों के लिए माफी नहीं मांगी।

He did not apologize for his malicious comments.

Negative past tense.

1

राजनीतिक दलों को द्वेषपूर्ण बयानबाजी से बचना चाहिए।

Political parties should avoid malicious rhetoric.

Verb 'bachna' (to avoid) with 'se'.

2

उसने द्वेषपूर्ण तरीके से सूचनाओं को तोड़-मरोड़ कर पेश किया।

He presented the information in a distorted and malicious way.

Compound verb 'tod-marod kar'.

3

यह स्पष्ट था कि उसकी कार्रवाई द्वेषपूर्ण थी, न कि न्यायसंगत।

It was clear that his action was malicious, not justified.

Contrastive structure 'na ki'.

4

उसने द्वेषपूर्ण आनंद के साथ मेरी विफलता का जश्न मनाया।

He celebrated my failure with malicious joy.

Abstract noun 'anand' with adjective.

5

संपादक ने लेख से सभी द्वेषपूर्ण अंशों को हटा दिया।

The editor removed all malicious portions from the article.

Ablative case 'lekh se'.

6

उसकी द्वेषपूर्ण प्रकृति के कारण उसके कोई दोस्त नहीं बचे।

Due to his malicious nature, he has no friends left.

Reasoning with 'ke karan'.

7

क्या यह संभव है कि यह हमला द्वेषपूर्ण था?

Is it possible that this attack was malicious?

Subordinate clause starting with 'ki'.

8

उसने द्वेषपूर्ण झूठ बोलकर परिवार को तोड़ दिया।

He broke the family by telling malicious lies.

Conjunctive participle 'bolkar'.

1

आलोचक ने उपन्यास की द्वेषपूर्ण समीक्षा की, जो पूर्वाग्रह से ग्रसित थी।

The critic gave a malicious review of the novel, which was biased.

Relative clause 'jo... thi'.

2

समाज में द्वेषपूर्ण प्रवृत्तियों का बढ़ना चिंता का विषय है।

The rise of malicious tendencies in society is a matter of concern.

Genitive construction 'chinta ka vishay'.

3

उसने द्वेषपूर्ण अभियोजन के लिए सरकार पर मुकदमा कर दिया।

He sued the government for malicious prosecution.

Legal terminology.

4

बदले की भावना अक्सर द्वेषपूर्ण कृत्यों को जन्म देती है।

The feeling of revenge often gives birth to malicious acts.

Idiomatic 'janm deti hai'.

5

उसने अपनी द्वेषपूर्ण मंशा को शालीनता के मुखौटे के पीछे छुपा रखा था।

He had hidden his malicious intention behind a mask of politeness.

Metaphorical 'mukhaute ke peeche'.

6

इतिहासकारों ने इस दस्तावेज़ को द्वेषपूर्ण और भ्रामक बताया है।

Historians have described this document as malicious and misleading.

Perfect tense 'bataya hai'.

7

द्वेषपूर्ण गपशप किसी के भी जीवन को तहस-नहस कर सकती है।

Malicious gossip can devastate anyone's life.

Compound verb 'tahas-nahas karna'.

8

उसने द्वेषपूर्ण प्रतिद्वंद्विता के कारण अपने ही साथी को धोखा दिया।

He betrayed his own partner due to malicious rivalry.

Abstract noun 'pratidvandvita'.

1

उसकी द्वेषपूर्ण लेखनी ने कई निर्दोष लोगों के चरित्र पर कीचड़ उछाला।

His malicious writing flung mud on the character of many innocent people.

Idiom 'keechad uchhalna' (to defame).

2

सत्ता के गलियारों में द्वेषपूर्ण षड्यंत्र रचे जा रहे थे।

Malicious conspiracies were being hatched in the corridors of power.

Passive voice 'rache ja rahe the'.

3

यह द्वेषपूर्ण कृत्य मानवीय गरिमा के पूर्णतः विरुद्ध है।

This malicious act is completely against human dignity.

Adverb 'purnatah' (completely).

4

दार्शनिकों के अनुसार, द्वेषपूर्ण विचार आत्मा को कलुषित कर देते हैं।

According to philosophers, malicious thoughts pollute the soul.

Formal verb 'kalushit karna'.

5

उसने द्वेषपूर्ण सूक्ष्मता के साथ अपनी योजना को अंजाम दिया।

He executed his plan with malicious subtlety.

Noun 'sukshmata' (subtlety).

6

द्वेषपूर्ण प्रचार के माध्यम से जनमत को प्रभावित करने का प्रयास किया गया।

An attempt was made to influence public opinion through malicious propaganda.

Complex passive structure.

7

उसकी चुप्पी उसकी स्वीकृति नहीं, बल्कि द्वेषपूर्ण उपेक्षा थी।

His silence was not his acceptance, but malicious neglect.

Correlative 'nahin... balki'.

8

द्वेषपूर्ण प्रलाप करने से सत्य की प्राप्ति नहीं होती।

Truth is not attained by engaging in malicious ranting.

Gerund 'pralap karne se'.

Collocations courantes

द्वेषपूर्ण टिप्पणी
द्वेषपूर्ण अफवाह
द्वेषपूर्ण इरादा
द्वेषपूर्ण व्यवहार
द्वेषपूर्ण राजनीति
द्वेषपूर्ण हमला
द्वेषपूर्ण मुस्कान
द्वेषपूर्ण झूठ
द्वेषपूर्ण अभियान
द्वेषपूर्ण लेख

Phrases Courantes

द्वेषपूर्ण भावना रखना

— To harbor malicious feelings. It describes a long-term grudge.

किसी के लिए द्वेषपूर्ण भावना रखना अच्छा नहीं है।

द्वेषपूर्ण कार्रवाई करना

— To take malicious action. Used in legal or disciplinary contexts.

कंपनी ने कर्मचारी के खिलाफ द्वेषपूर्ण कार्रवाई की।

द्वेषपूर्ण तरीके से

— In a malicious manner. Used as an adverbial phrase.

उसने द्वेषपूर्ण तरीके से मुझे देखा।

द्वेषपूर्ण गपशप

— Malicious gossip. Talking behind someone's back to hurt them.

द्वेषपूर्ण गपशप से दूर रहें।

द्वेषपूर्ण आलोचना

— Malicious criticism. Critiquing not to improve, but to destroy.

उसकी आलोचना द्वेषपूर्ण थी।

द्वेषपूर्ण आनंद

— Schadenfreude or malicious joy in someone's failure.

उसे दूसरों के दुख में द्वेषपूर्ण आनंद मिलता है।

द्वेषपूर्ण चुप्पी

— A spiteful silence intended to make someone uncomfortable.

कमरे में एक द्वेषपूर्ण चुप्पी छा गई।

द्वेषपूर्ण षड्यंत्र

— A malicious conspiracy or plot.

उन्होंने मेरे खिलाफ द्वेषपूर्ण षड्यंत्र रचा।

द्वेषपूर्ण प्रवृत्तियां

— Malicious tendencies or inclinations.

बच्चों में द्वेषपूर्ण प्रवृत्तियां नहीं होनी चाहिए।

द्वेषपूर्ण दृष्टिकोण

— A malicious viewpoint or perspective.

उसका दृष्टिकोण पूरी तरह से द्वेषपूर्ण है।

Expressions idiomatiques

"कीचड़ उछालना"

— To fling mud; to defame someone maliciously.

किसी पर द्वेषपूर्ण तरीके से कीचड़ उछालना गलत है।

Common
"जहर उगलना"

— To spit venom; to speak very maliciously.

वह हमेशा दूसरों के खिलाफ जहर उगलता है।

Informal
"पीठ में छुरा घोंपना"

— To stab in the back; a malicious betrayal.

उसने द्वेषपूर्ण तरीके से मेरी पीठ में छुरा घोंपा।

Common
"आग में घी डालना"

— To add fuel to the fire; making a situation worse maliciously.

उसकी द्वेषपूर्ण बातों ने आग में घी डालने का काम किया।

Common
"खून का घूँट पीना"

— To suppress one's anger/malice (though usually means suppressing pain, can be relevant to 'dvesh').

उसने अपना द्वेषपूर्ण गुस्सा पी लिया।

Literary
"कलेजा ठंडा होना"

— To feel satisfied after seeing someone suffer (malicious satisfaction).

मेरी हार देखकर उसका कलेजा ठंडा हो गया।

Informal
"दाँत पीसना"

— To gnash teeth in malicious anger.

वह द्वेषपूर्ण होकर दाँत पीसने लगा।

Common
"मिट्टी में मिलाना"

— To ruin someone maliciously.

उसने मेरा नाम मिट्टी में मिला दिया।

Common
"आस्तीन का साँप"

— A snake in the grass; a malicious person pretending to be a friend.

वह तो द्वेषपूर्ण आस्तीन का साँप निकला।

Common
"पैर खींचना"

— To pull someone's leg (in a malicious sense of hindering progress).

लोग अक्सर दूसरों के पैर खींचते हैं।

Colloquial

Famille de mots

Noms

द्वेष (dvesh) - Hatred/Malice
द्वेषी (dveshi) - A malicious person

Verbes

द्वेष करना (dvesh karna) - To hate/To bear malice

Adjectifs

द्वेषपूर्ण (dveshpurn) - Malicious

Apparenté

दुर्भावना (durbhavna)
शत्रुता (shatruta)
ईर्ष्या (irshya)
बदला (badla)
नफरत (nafrat)
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Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of 'Dvesh' sounding like 'Dash'. A malicious person wants to 'dash' your hopes and is 'purn' (full) of that desire.

Association visuelle

Imagine a dark, thorny vine (malice) wrapping around a bright heart. The vine is 'dveshpurn'.

Word Web

Malice Hatred Spite Revenge Toxic Hostile Mean Hateful

Défi

Try to find three news headlines today that describe a 'dveshpurn' act and translate them into English.

Origine du mot

Derived from Sanskrit. The root word 'द्वेष' (dvesha) means hatred, and 'पूर्ण' (purna) means full.

Sens originel : Full of hatred or aversion.

Indo-Aryan (Sanskrit-derived).

Contexte culturel

Be careful when calling a person 'dveshpurn' directly; it is a very strong and offensive label.

The word 'malicious' in English carries a similar weight, especially in legal terms like 'malicious intent'.

The character of Shakuni in the Mahabharata is often described as having a 'dveshpurn' mind. Premchand's stories often feature 'dveshpurn' village landlords. Modern Bollywood films use 'dveshpurn' to describe the 'bad guy's' motive.
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