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A2 adjective #2,500 le plus courant 10 min de lecture

उपस्थित

upasthit
At the A1 level, learning the word उपस्थित (upasthit) is about understanding the very basic concept of being in a place. When you start learning Hindi, you learn how to say 'I am here' or 'He is there'. The word उपस्थित is the formal way to say 'present'. Imagine you are in a Hindi language class. The teacher calls your name. Instead of just saying 'हाँ' (yes), you can say 'मैं उपस्थित हूँ' (I am present). This is a very polite and correct way to answer. At this beginner stage, you only need to know that this word means someone is physically at an event, like a class or a meeting. It is an adjective, which means it describes a person. The good news for beginners is that this word does not change its spelling. Whether you are a boy or a girl, or whether you are talking about one person or many people, the word stays exactly the same: उपस्थित. You just change the verb at the end of the sentence. For example, 'लड़का उपस्थित है' (The boy is present) and 'लड़की उपस्थित है' (The girl is present). You should also learn its opposite word right away: अनुपस्थित (anupasthit), which means absent. By knowing these two words, you can easily understand when someone is talking about attendance. Do not worry about using it in complicated sentences yet. Just practice saying 'मैं उपस्थित हूँ' (I am present) and 'वह उपस्थित नहीं है' (He/She is not present). This will give you a strong foundation for formal Hindi.
At the A2 level, your understanding of उपस्थित expands beyond just answering roll call in a classroom. You are now learning to navigate everyday situations that require a bit more formality, such as speaking to a doctor, a bank manager, or an official. In these situations, using casual words might sound impolite, so उपस्थित becomes very useful. You should now practice using it with different tenses. For example, in the past tense: 'कल मैं उपस्थित था' (Yesterday I was present), or in the future tense: 'मैं कल बैठक में उपस्थित रहूँगा' (I will be present in the meeting tomorrow). Notice how we start using the verb रहना (to remain) alongside होना (to be). You also need to understand how to ask questions using this word. 'क्या आप कल उपस्थित होंगे?' (Will you be present tomorrow?). At this level, you will start hearing this word in simple news broadcasts or reading it in short notices. For instance, a notice on a shop door might say 'मालिक उपस्थित नहीं है' (The owner is not present). You should also be aware of the noun form, उपस्थिति (upasthiti), which means 'presence' or 'attendance'. While you don't need to master complex sentences with the noun yet, recognizing it will help you read simple texts. Remember that while you use this word in formal settings, you should still use simpler words like यहाँ (here) when talking casually with your friends. Mastering this distinction between formal and informal vocabulary is a key skill at the A2 level.
At the B1 level, you are becoming an independent user of Hindi, which means you need to handle a variety of professional and social situations with the correct tone. The word उपस्थित is crucial for your professional vocabulary. You will use it to write formal emails, request leave, or confirm your attendance at events. You need to confidently use the compound verb 'उपस्थित होना' (to present oneself / to attend). For example, 'मुझे कल सुबह 10 बजे कार्यालय में उपस्थित होना है' (I have to be present at the office at 10 AM tomorrow). At this stage, you should also be comfortable using it as an attributive adjective to describe a group of people. Phrases like 'उपस्थित लोग' (the people present) or 'सभी उपस्थित सदस्यों से निवेदन है...' (All present members are requested to...) should become part of your active vocabulary. You will encounter this word frequently in intermediate reading materials, such as newspaper articles about local events or political gatherings. You must also clearly distinguish it from its synonyms like मौजूद (maujud) and हाज़िर (hazir). You should know that मौजूद is for everyday conversation, while उपस्थित is for writing and formal speech. Furthermore, you should avoid the common mistake of using this word for objects. You cannot say 'किताब उपस्थित है' (The book is present); you must use it for people or living beings. Refining these nuances will make your Hindi sound much more natural and contextually appropriate in professional environments.
At the B2 level, your command over Hindi allows you to engage in complex discussions, and your vocabulary must reflect a high degree of precision. The word उपस्थित is no longer just about physical attendance; you must understand its role in administrative, legal, and academic discourse. You will read and write reports where this terminology is standard. For instance, in a formal report, you might write, 'समिति के सभी सदस्य समय पर उपस्थित पाए गए' (All members of the committee were found to be present on time). You should also understand passive constructions involving this word, such as 'उन्हें अदालत में उपस्थित किया गया' (They were presented in court), which is commonly used in legal reporting. At this level, you should be able to comprehend abstract uses of the word, such as mental or emotional presence, though these are less common. You will frequently hear this word in formal speeches, debates, and panel discussions. A speaker might address the audience as 'यहाँ उपस्थित सभी गणमान्य अतिथियों...' (All the distinguished guests present here...). You must be able to seamlessly switch between the adjective उपस्थित and the noun उपस्थिति (presence) depending on the grammatical structure of your complex sentences. For example, 'आपकी उपस्थिति अनिवार्य है' (Your presence is mandatory) versus 'आपको उपस्थित रहना अनिवार्य है' (It is mandatory for you to remain present). Mastery at the B2 level means you never hesitate when choosing between the formal उपस्थित and the informal मौजूद, applying them perfectly based on the social context and register.
At the C1 level, you are an advanced user of Hindi, capable of understanding and producing highly sophisticated, nuanced texts. Your use of उपस्थित should be flawless and deeply integrated into your academic or professional communication. You are expected to understand the etymological roots of the word (Sanskrit 'upa' + 'stha') and how this influences its formal tone. In advanced literature, legal documents, and government gazettes, this word is used with strict precision. You will encounter it in complex syntactic structures, such as conditional clauses and formal mandates: 'यदि कोई सदस्य लगातार तीन बैठकों में उपस्थित नहीं होता है, तो उसकी सदस्यता रद्द की जा सकती है' (If a member is not present in three consecutive meetings, their membership may be cancelled). You should also be familiar with highly formal collocations and idiomatic uses in formal registers, such as 'स्वयं उपस्थित होना' (to be present in person) or 'अनिवार्य रूप से उपस्थित' (mandatorily present). At this level, you can appreciate the subtle differences between उपस्थित, विद्यमान (inherently existing), and प्रस्तुत (presented/submitted), using each accurately in academic writing or formal debates. You understand that while उपस्थित primarily denotes physical attendance, in philosophical or literary contexts, it can imply a looming or immediate reality. Your spoken Hindi in formal settings—such as delivering a keynote address or participating in a high-level corporate negotiation—will naturally incorporate this word to establish authority, respect, and a commanding professional presence.
At the C2 level, your proficiency is near-native, and your grasp of the word उपस्थित encompasses all its literary, legal, historical, and cultural dimensions. You navigate the highest registers of the Hindi language with ease. You understand that the choice of उपस्थित over its Perso-Arabic counterparts is often a deliberate stylistic choice in Hindi literature and official state communication, reflecting a preference for Tatsama (Sanskrit-derived) vocabulary in formal domains. You can effortlessly analyze texts where the word is used to evoke a sense of officialdom or solemnity. In legal drafting or high-level administrative orders, you use the word to eliminate any ambiguity regarding compliance and attendance. You are adept at using the word in rhetorical devices during public speaking. For example, 'आज यहाँ उपस्थित जनसैलाब इस बात का गवाह है...' (The sea of people present here today is a witness to the fact...). You can critically evaluate the tone of a text based on the frequency and context of words like उपस्थित versus मौजूद. Furthermore, you can creatively manipulate the noun and verb forms in poetry or advanced prose to convey subtle shades of meaning regarding human existence, participation, and societal duty. At this pinnacle of language mastery, the word is not just a vocabulary item; it is a tool for precise, authoritative, and culturally resonant communication in the Hindi-speaking world.
Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

उपस्थित en 30 secondes

  • The word उपस्थित is a formal Hindi adjective used to describe someone who is physically present or in attendance at a specific location or event.
  • It is commonly used in educational and professional settings, such as schools and offices, to mark attendance or confirm someone's participation in a meeting.
  • The antonym of this word is अनुपस्थित, which means absent, and learning both together helps build a strong foundation for everyday formal Hindi conversations.
  • You will frequently hear this word combined with the verb होना (to be), forming the phrase उपस्थित होना, which means to present oneself or attend.
The Hindi word उपस्थित (upasthit) is a formal adjective that translates to 'present', 'in attendance', or 'available' in English. It is a highly versatile and essential vocabulary word, particularly for learners aiming to achieve fluency in formal, academic, and professional Hindi. Understanding the depth of this word requires recognizing its roots in Sanskrit, where it combines 'upa' (near) and 'stha' (to stand), literally meaning 'standing near' or 'being at hand'. In contemporary Hindi, it is the standard term used to denote physical presence in a specific location, such as a classroom, a meeting room, a courtroom, or any official gathering. When a teacher takes attendance, students respond to confirm they are उपस्थित. When a manager checks who is in a meeting, they are looking for the उपस्थित members. It is not merely about existing; it is about being officially and recognizably there, ready to participate or engage.

आज कक्षा में सभी छात्र उपस्थित हैं।

This formal nature distinguishes it from more casual words like मौजूद (maujud), which is of Arabic/Persian origin and used more frequently in everyday spoken Hindi.
Formal Context
Used primarily in official documents, news broadcasts, and formal invitations to indicate attendance.
Furthermore, the word can also imply mental or emotional presence in more advanced literary contexts, though its primary function remains physical attendance.

क्या आप कल की बैठक में उपस्थित रहेंगे?

Learning to use this word correctly will immediately elevate your Hindi from a beginner level to a more polished, respectful register. It is also important to note the antonym, अनुपस्थित (anupasthit), which means absent. Together, these two words form the backbone of attendance terminology in India.

न्यायाधीश के सामने गवाह उपस्थित हुआ।

In legal contexts, being present is a mandate, and the terminology reflects this strictness.
Legal Usage
In courtrooms, the presence of lawyers and witnesses is recorded using this exact term.
You will often hear it in news reports describing the people at an event: 'समारोह में कई गणमान्य लोग उपस्थित थे' (Many dignitaries were present at the ceremony).

मुख्य अतिथि समय पर उपस्थित हुए।

This highlights its association with respect and formal acknowledgment. The word is universally understood across all Hindi-speaking regions and is a staple in the vocabulary of anyone who interacts with Indian institutions, schools, or corporate environments.

मैं आपकी सेवा में उपस्थित हूँ।

Polite Expression
Saying 'I am present in your service' is a highly traditional and polite way to offer help.
Mastering its usage ensures you can navigate formal Indian society with linguistic confidence and cultural appropriateness.
Using the word उपस्थित correctly depends heavily on the grammatical structure of the sentence and the level of formality required by the situation. As an adjective, it describes a noun or pronoun, indicating the state of being present. The most common syntactic pattern involves placing the subject, followed by the location (with a postposition like में or पर), the word उपस्थित, and finally the auxiliary verb (like है, था, or होगा). For example, 'मैं यहाँ उपस्थित हूँ' (I am present here).

वह समय पर उपस्थित नहीं हो सका।

It is frequently combined with the verb होना (to be/become) to form the compound verb उपस्थित होना (to be present / to attend).
Compound Verb
उपस्थित होना is the standard way to express the action of attending an event or presenting oneself.
When giving commands or formal instructions, you might hear 'कृपया समय पर उपस्थित रहें' (Please remain present on time).

सभी कर्मचारियों को उपस्थित रहना अनिवार्य है।

This shows how it pairs with रहना (to remain) to indicate a continuous state of presence. Unlike some Hindi adjectives that end in -आ and change to -ए or -ई based on gender and number (like अच्छा/अच्छे/अच्छी), उपस्थित is an invariable adjective. It does not change its form regardless of whether the subject is masculine, feminine, singular, or plural.

लड़कियाँ भी मैदान में उपस्थित थीं।

This makes it relatively easy for learners to use once they master the sentence structure.
Invariable Adjective
The word never changes its spelling or pronunciation based on the noun it modifies.
In passive constructions or formal reporting, you might encounter 'उपस्थित किया गया' (was presented), though this is more often used for objects or evidence rather than people.

सबूत अदालत में उपस्थित किए गए।

For people, it is strictly about attendance. You can also use it as a noun modifier, such as 'उपस्थित लोग' (the present people / the attendees) or 'उपस्थित सदस्य' (the present members).

उपस्थित भीड़ ने तालियाँ बजाईं।

Noun Modifier
Place it directly before a noun to describe the group of people who are currently there.
Understanding these various syntactic roles—predicative adjective, part of a compound verb, and attributive adjective—will give you complete mastery over how to deploy this word in any formal Hindi conversation or written text.
The word उपस्थित is ubiquitous in formal, structured environments across India. Its primary domain is the educational system. From primary schools to universities, the daily ritual of taking attendance (हाज़िरी) involves the teacher calling out names and students responding with 'उपस्थित, महोदय/महोदया' (Present, sir/madam), though in modern times 'Present sir' is also common. However, on official registers and report cards, the status is always marked as उपस्थित.

रजिस्टर में उसे उपस्थित दिखाया गया है।

Beyond schools, the corporate world relies heavily on this term. In meeting minutes, official emails, and HR documents, confirming who attended a meeting is done using this vocabulary.
Corporate Settings
HR departments use this term to track employee attendance and meeting participation.
You will also hear it frequently in news broadcasts. Hindi news anchors use it to describe the attendees of political rallies, inaugurations, and public events.

रैली में हज़ारों लोग उपस्थित थे।

It adds a layer of journalistic formality to the reporting. The legal and administrative sectors are another major area where this word is inescapable. Summons to court require a person to be उपस्थित on a specific date.

आरोपी को अदालत में उपस्थित होना पड़ा।

Police reports (FIRs) and official government notifications will use this term to describe witnesses or officers on duty at a scene.
Government Notifications
Official circulars mandate the presence of officers using this specific terminology.
Even in formal social gatherings, such as weddings or religious ceremonies (pujas), the priest or the host might thank the 'उपस्थित अतिथियों' (present guests) for coming.

मैं सभी उपस्थित मेहमानों का स्वागत करता हूँ।

It elevates the tone of the speech, making it sound respectful and cultured. Literature and formal writing also favor this word over colloquial alternatives. Whether reading a Hindi newspaper, a novel, or an academic paper, the state of being somewhere is almost always described with this term.

घटनास्थल पर पुलिस तुरंत उपस्थित हो गई।

Literature
Authors use it to establish a formal tone when describing the gathering of characters in a scene.
By paying attention to these contexts, learners can intuitively grasp the appropriate register and situations where this word is not just an option, but a requirement.
While उपस्थित is a straightforward adjective, learners often make a few predictable mistakes when integrating it into their Hindi vocabulary. The most common error is related to register and tone. Because it is a highly formal word, using it in casual, everyday situations with close friends or family can sound unnatural or overly stiff. For instance, if a friend asks if you are at the cafe, replying 'हाँ, मैं कैफे में उपस्थित हूँ' sounds robotic.

गलत: दोस्त, मैं पार्टी में उपस्थित हूँ।

In such casual scenarios, it is much better to use 'मैं यहाँ हूँ' (I am here) or the Urdu-derived 'मौजूद' (maujud).
Register Error
Using formal vocabulary in informal settings makes the speech sound unnatural and overly dramatic.
Another frequent mistake involves verb pairing. Learners sometimes try to use it with verbs that denote motion, which is incorrect. You cannot say 'मैं उपस्थित जा रहा हूँ' (I am going present).

सही: मुझे वहाँ उपस्थित होना है।

It must be paired with stative verbs like होना (to be) or रहना (to remain). Spelling and pronunciation also pose challenges. The word contains a half-consonant cluster 'स्थ' (stha) and short vowel sounds. Learners often mispronounce it as 'upasateet' or misspell it by using the long 'ई' (ee) instead of the short 'इ' (i) at the end, writing 'उपस्थीत', which is incorrect.

वर्तनी पर ध्यान दें: यह उपस्थित है, उपस्थीत नहीं।

Spelling Mistake
Using the wrong vowel length (matra) is a common error in written Hindi tests.
Additionally, learners sometimes confuse it with its noun form, उपस्थिति (upasthiti), which means 'presence' or 'attendance'. You cannot say 'मेरी उपस्थित अनिवार्य है' (My present is mandatory). You must say 'मेरी उपस्थिति अनिवार्य है' (My presence is mandatory).

उसकी उपस्थिति (noun) ने सबको खुश कर दिया।

Mixing up the adjective and the noun forms leads to grammatically incorrect sentences. Finally, learners sometimes forget that as an invariable adjective, it does not change for gender. Saying 'वह लड़की उपस्थिता है' is a hypercorrection based on Sanskrit rules that do not apply to modern Hindi.

लड़की उपस्थित है। (No gender change)

Gender Agreement
Do not alter the ending of the word to match the gender of the subject.
Avoiding these common pitfalls will ensure your usage of this formal term is flawless and natural.
The Hindi language is rich with synonyms, often drawing from both Sanskrit and Perso-Arabic sources, giving speakers multiple ways to express the concept of being present. The most common synonym for उपस्थित is मौजूद (maujud). While they mean the same thing, their usage contexts differ significantly. मौजूद is derived from Arabic and is highly common in everyday, spoken Hindustani. It feels less rigid and is perfectly acceptable in both casual and semi-formal conversations.

क्या तुम घर पर मौजूद हो?

If you are talking to a friend, you use मौजूद; if you are writing an official report, you use उपस्थित.
मौजूद (Maujud)
The everyday, conversational equivalent of the formal word, widely used across all demographics.
Another related word is हाज़िर (hazir), also of Arabic origin. हाज़िर carries a slight nuance of being 'ready' or 'at someone's service' in addition to being physically present. It is often used in legal contexts (like a court summons) or in phrases like 'मैं हाज़िर हूँ' (I am at your service).

नौकर मालिक के सामने हाज़िर हुआ।

विद्यमान (vidyaman) is a highly formal, Sanskrit-derived synonym that translates more closely to 'existing' or 'currently present'. It is used in philosophical, scientific, or highly literary contexts, such as discussing the presence of a chemical in a substance or a soul in a body.

हवा में ऑक्सीजन विद्यमान है।

विद्यमान (Vidyaman)
Used for inherent existence or scientific presence, not for human attendance at an event.
प्रस्तुत (prastut) is another word that learners sometimes confuse with उपस्थित. While प्रस्तुत means 'presented' or 'submitted', it is usually used for objects, ideas, or performances, not for the physical attendance of a person. You present a report (प्रस्तुत करना), but you are present at a meeting (उपस्थित होना).

उसने अपना प्रोजेक्ट प्रस्तुत किया।

Finally, वर्तमान (vartaman) means 'present' in the context of time (the present tense, the present era), not physical location.

यह वर्तमान काल की बात है।

वर्तमान (Vartaman)
Refers strictly to the present time, not physical attendance.
Understanding these nuances allows a learner to choose the exact right word for the specific context, demonstrating a deep mastery of Hindi vocabulary.

How Formal Is It?

Formel

""

Informel

""

Niveau de difficulté

Grammaire à connaître

Exemples par niveau

1

मैं उपस्थित हूँ।

I am present.

Simple subject + adjective + auxiliary verb structure.

2

राम उपस्थित है।

Ram is present.

Third-person singular usage.

3

वह उपस्थित नहीं है।

He/She is not present.

Using 'नहीं' to form a negative sentence.

4

क्या तुम उपस्थित हो?

Are you present?

Simple yes/no question using 'क्या'.

5

हम उपस्थित हैं।

We are present.

First-person plural usage.

6

लड़की उपस्थित है।

The girl is present.

Notice the adjective does not change for feminine subjects.

7

सब उपस्थित हैं।

Everyone is present.

Using 'सब' (everyone) as a plural subject.

8

आज मैं उपस्थित हूँ।

Today I am present.

Adding a simple time marker 'आज' (today).

1

कल मैं उपस्थित था।

Yesterday I was present.

Past tense usage with 'था'.

2

क्या आप कल उपस्थित होंगे?

Will you be present tomorrow?

Future tense formal question.

3

डॉक्टर अभी उपस्थित नहीं हैं।

The doctor is not present right now.

Using 'अभी' (right now) and plural 'हैं' for respect.

4

मुझे बैठक में उपस्थित होना है।

I have to be present in the meeting.

Using 'होना है' to express obligation.

5

सभी छात्र कक्षा में उपस्थित हैं।

All students are present in the class.

Adding location with 'में'.

6

मालिक दुकान पर उपस्थित है।

The owner is present at the shop.

Using 'पर' for location.

7

कृपया समय पर उपस्थित रहें।

Please remain present on time.

Formal request using 'कृपया' and 'रहें'.

8

वह हमेशा उपस्थित रहता है।

He is always present.

Habitual present tense with 'रहता है'.

1

आपको कल सुबह कार्यालय में उपस्थित होना होगा।

You will have to be present at the office tomorrow morning.

Future obligation with 'होना होगा'.

2

उपस्थित लोगों ने तालियाँ बजाईं।

The present people clapped.

Using the adjective as a noun modifier before 'लोगों'.

3

दुर्घटना के समय पुलिस वहाँ उपस्थित थी।

The police were present there at the time of the accident.

Complex sentence indicating time and location.

4

यदि आप उपस्थित नहीं हो सकते, तो मुझे बताएँ।

If you cannot be present, let me know.

Conditional clause using 'यदि... तो'.

5

मुख्य अतिथि के उपस्थित होने पर कार्यक्रम शुरू होगा।

The program will start upon the chief guest being present.

Using 'होने पर' to indicate a sequence of events.

6

मैं शारीरिक रूप से उपस्थित था, लेकिन मानसिक रूप से नहीं।

I was physically present, but not mentally.

Using adverbs 'शारीरिक रूप से' and 'मानसिक रूप से'.

7

सभी उपस्थित सदस्यों से निवेदन है कि वे बैठ जाएँ।

All present members are requested to sit down.

Formal request structure in passive voice.

8

उसका उपस्थित रहना बहुत ज़रूरी है।

His remaining present is very important.

Using the infinitive phrase as a subject.

1

अदालत ने आदेश दिया कि गवाह को कल उपस्थित किया जाए।

The court ordered that the witness be presented tomorrow.

Passive causative construction 'उपस्थित किया जाए'.

2

बिना किसी पूर्व सूचना के उनका उपस्थित न होना चिंता का विषय है।

Their not being present without any prior notice is a matter of concern.

Using a negative gerund phrase as the subject.

3

सम्मेलन में उपस्थित विद्वानों ने इस विषय पर गहन चर्चा की।

The scholars present at the conference had a deep discussion on this topic.

Advanced vocabulary and complex subject modification.

4

यह सुनिश्चित करें कि सभी आवश्यक दस्तावेज़ बैठक में उपस्थित हों।

Ensure that all necessary documents are present in the meeting.

Subjunctive mood 'हों' following 'सुनिश्चित करें'.

5

उपस्थित जनसमूह को संबोधित करते हुए प्रधानमंत्री ने कहा...

Addressing the present crowd, the Prime Minister said...

Present participle phrase 'संबोधित करते हुए'.

6

केवल वही छात्र परीक्षा दे सकते हैं जो न्यूनतम 75% कक्षाओं में उपस्थित रहे हों।

Only those students can take the exam who have been present in a minimum of 75% of classes.

Relative clause with present perfect subjunctive 'रहे हों'.

7

उनके अचानक उपस्थित होने से सब हैरान रह गए।

Everyone was left surprised by his sudden presence (being present).

Using 'होने से' as a causal phrase.

8

स्थिति की गंभीरता को देखते हुए, आपका स्वयं उपस्थित होना अनिवार्य है।

Given the seriousness of the situation, your being present in person is mandatory.

Formal phrasing 'स्वयं उपस्थित होना'.

1

न्यायिक प्रक्रिया की गरिमा बनाए रखने हेतु सभी पक्षों का समय पर उपस्थित होना अपरिहार्य है।

To maintain the dignity of the judicial process, it is indispensable for all parties to be present on time.

Highly formal vocabulary (गरिमा, हेतु, अपरिहार्य).

2

यद्यपि वे शारीरिक रूप से उपस्थित थे, उनकी वैचारिक अनुपस्थिति स्पष्ट झलक रही थी।

Although they were physically present, their ideological absence was clearly reflecting.

Contrastive clause with abstract concepts.

3

आपातकालीन सत्र में उपस्थित न हो पाने के लिए उन्होंने खेद व्यक्त किया।

He expressed regret for not being able to be present in the emergency session.

Complex infinitive phrase 'उपस्थित न हो पाने के लिए'.

4

प्रस्ताव पारित करते समय सदन में उपस्थित सदस्यों का दो-तिहाई बहुमत आवश्यक है।

A two-thirds majority of the members present in the house is required while passing the resolution.

Legal/Constitutional terminology.

5

यह विडंबना ही है कि जो लोग सबसे अधिक मुखर थे, वे ही निर्णायक क्षण में उपस्थित नहीं हुए।

It is an irony that the people who were the most vocal were the ones not present at the decisive moment.

Complex sentence expressing irony.

6

जांच समिति के समक्ष उपस्थित होकर उन्होंने अपना पक्ष दृढ़ता से रखा।

Having been present before the inquiry committee, he presented his side firmly.

Conjunctive participle 'होकर' in a formal context.

7

उनकी कलाकृतियों में एक अदृश्य ऊर्जा सदैव उपस्थित प्रतीत होती है।

An invisible energy always seems to be present in his artworks.

Abstract and literary use of the word.

8

संविदा के अनुसार, ठेकेदार को कार्यस्थल पर प्रतिदिन उपस्थित रहना बाध्यकारी है।

According to the contract, it is binding for the contractor to remain present at the worksite daily.

Contractual and legal phrasing.

1

समारोह में उपस्थित दिग्गजों की आभा से संपूर्ण प्रांगण आलोकित हो उठा।

The entire courtyard was illuminated by the aura of the stalwarts present at the ceremony.

Highly literary and poetic vocabulary (दिग्गजों, आभा, प्रांगण, आलोकित).

2

ऐतिहासिक दस्तावेज़ इस बात की पुष्टि करते हैं कि संधि के समय दोनों सम्राट उपस्थित थे।

Historical documents confirm that both emperors were present at the time of the treaty.

Historical academic discourse.

3

दार्शनिक दृष्टि से देखें तो, अतीत और भविष्य केवल हमारी चेतना में उपस्थित अवधारणाएँ हैं।

Viewed from a philosophical perspective, the past and the future are merely concepts present in our consciousness.

Philosophical and abstract usage.

4

विपक्ष ने आरोप लगाया कि सत्ता पक्ष जानबूझकर मतदान के समय उपस्थित नहीं रहा।

The opposition alleged that the ruling party deliberately did not remain present during the voting.

Political journalism register.

5

प्राकृतिक आपदा के समय प्रशासन की त्वरित उपस्थिति और अधिकारियों का मौके पर उपस्थित होना सराहनीय था।

During the natural disaster, the administration's swift presence and the officers being present on the spot was commendable.

Using both the noun (उपस्थिति) and the verb phrase (उपस्थित होना) elegantly.

6

कवि ने अपनी रचना में उस युग की पीड़ा को इस प्रकार उकेरा है मानो वह स्वयं वहाँ उपस्थित रहा हो।

The poet has carved the pain of that era in his creation in such a way as if he himself had been present there.

Counterfactual conditional 'मानो... रहा हो'.

7

न्यायालय ने स्पष्ट किया कि सम्मन की अवहेलना कर उपस्थित न होना न्यायालय की अवमानना मानी जाएगी।

The court clarified that disregarding the summons and not being present will be considered contempt of court.

High-level legal jargon (अवहेलना, अवमानना).

8

ब्रह्मांड के कण-कण में ईश्वरीय सत्ता उपस्थित है, यह भारतीय दर्शन का मूल तत्व है।

The divine authority is present in every particle of the universe; this is the core element of Indian philosophy.

Theological and spiritual context.

Collocations courantes

समय पर उपस्थित
बैठक में उपस्थित
कक्षा में उपस्थित
न्यायालय में उपस्थित
स्वयं उपस्थित
मानसिक रूप से उपस्थित
मंच पर उपस्थित
कार्यक्रम में उपस्थित
अनिवार्य रूप से उपस्थित
वहाँ उपस्थित

Phrases Courantes

उपस्थित होना

उपस्थित रहना

उपस्थित करना

उपस्थित लोगों

उपस्थित सदस्यों

उपस्थित भीड़

उपस्थित अतिथियों

उपस्थित अधिकारियों

उपस्थित गवाह

उपस्थित डॉक्टर

Souvent confondu avec

उपस्थित vs उपस्थिति (Noun: presence)

उपस्थित vs प्रस्तुत (Adjective: presented/submitted)

उपस्थित vs मौजूद (Adjective: present - informal)

Expressions idiomatiques

""

""

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""

""

""

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""

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Facile à confondre

उपस्थित vs

उपस्थित vs

उपस्थित vs

उपस्थित vs

उपस्थित vs

Structures de phrases

Comment l'utiliser

Verb Pairing

Must be paired with stative verbs, never action verbs of motion.

Noun Modifier

Can be placed directly before a noun (e.g., उपस्थित लोग).

Formal vs Informal

Strictly formal. Avoid in casual banter.

Erreurs courantes
  • Using it in casual conversations with friends instead of मौजूद.
  • Pairing it with verbs of motion (e.g., उपस्थित आना).
  • Changing the ending to match feminine subjects (e.g., उपस्थिता).
  • Misspelling it with a long 'ई' matra (उपस्थीत).
  • Using it to describe the physical location of inanimate objects.

Astuces

Pair with Stative Verbs

Always pair उपस्थित with verbs that describe a state of being, such as होना (to be) or रहना (to remain). Do not use it with action verbs. Saying 'मैं उपस्थित जा रहा हूँ' is incorrect. Stick to 'मैं उपस्थित हूँ'.

Keep it Formal

Reserve this word for formal situations like school, work, or official matters. Using it with friends sounds unnatural. For casual chats, use मौजूद or simply यहाँ. Knowing when to use it is as important as knowing what it means.

Watch the Matras

Pay close attention to the spelling. Both the 'थ' and the 'त' have short 'इ' sounds, but only the 'थ' gets the written matra in the adjective form. Do not write it with a long 'ई' (उपस्थीत). Correct spelling is crucial in formal writing.

Invariable Adjective

Remember that उपस्थित does not change its form based on gender or number. It is the same for a single boy, a single girl, or a group of people. Only change the verb at the end of the sentence to match the subject.

Learn the Antonym

Always learn उपस्थित alongside its exact opposite, अनुपस्थित (absent). They are two sides of the same coin in formal Hindi. If you know one, you must know the other to fully participate in attendance-related conversations.

Master the Consonant Cluster

Practice the 'स्थ' (sthi) sound. It is a smooth transition from the 's' to the aspirated 'th'. Do not insert a vowel between them. Listening to native speakers take attendance is a great way to catch the exact pronunciation.

Adjective vs Noun

Do not confuse the adjective उपस्थित (present) with the noun उपस्थिति (presence). If you can replace the word with 'presence' in English, use the noun form. Mixing them up leads to grammatically incorrect sentences.

Use as a Modifier

You can use it directly before a noun to describe a group. Phrases like 'उपस्थित लोग' (present people) or 'उपस्थित सदस्य' (present members) are very common in formal speeches and writing. Practice this structure to sound more native.

Not for Objects

Avoid using this word for inanimate objects. It is meant for people or living beings capable of attending. If a book is on a table, do not say the book is उपस्थित. Just say it is there (वहाँ है).

Perfect for Emails

This is your go-to word for professional Hindi emails. When confirming you will join a meeting, writing 'मैं उपस्थित रहूँगा' shows respect and professionalism. It is much better than using casual slang in the workplace.

Mémorise-le

Origine du mot

Sanskrit

Contexte culturel

It is the standard response during roll call in Hindi-medium schools across India.

Using this word with elders or officials demonstrates a high level of respect and education.

Government forms and legal summons exclusively use this term to mandate attendance.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Amorces de conversation

"क्या आप कल की बैठक में उपस्थित थे?"

"आज कक्षा में कितने छात्र उपस्थित हैं?"

"क्या मुख्य अतिथि उपस्थित हो चुके हैं?"

"मुझे कल कहाँ उपस्थित होना है?"

"आपकी टीम से कौन-कौन उपस्थित रहेगा?"

Sujets d'écriture

Write about a time you had to be present at an important formal event.

Describe your classroom attendance routine using the word उपस्थित.

Explain why being present (उपस्थित रहना) is important in a professional setting.

Write a formal email confirming you will be present at a meeting.

Discuss the difference between being physically present and mentally present.

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

Both words mean 'present'. However, उपस्थित is a formal, Sanskrit-derived word used in official, academic, and professional settings. मौजूद is an Arabic-derived word used in everyday, casual conversation. You would use उपस्थित in a court of law or a school register. You would use मौजूद when asking a friend if they are at a cafe. Choosing the right one depends entirely on the formality of the situation.

No, उपस्थित is an invariable adjective in modern Hindi. It does not change its ending based on the gender of the noun it describes. You say 'लड़का उपस्थित है' for a boy and 'लड़की उपस्थित है' for a girl. The spelling and pronunciation remain exactly the same. Only the auxiliary verb at the end of the sentence might change depending on tense or respect, but the adjective itself is fixed.

The formal antonym for उपस्थित is अनुपस्थित (anupasthit). It is created by adding the negative prefix 'अन्' (an-) to the word. Just like its counterpart, it is used in formal settings like schools and offices. If a student is not in class, the teacher marks them as अनुपस्थित. In casual Hindi, you might just say 'वह नहीं है' (he is not here) or 'गैरहाज़िर' (gairhazir).

Generally, no. उपस्थित is almost exclusively used for people or living beings to indicate their attendance. If you want to say a book is present on the table, you would simply say 'किताब मेज़ पर है' (The book is on the table) or use a word like 'रखी है' (is kept). Using उपस्थित for inanimate objects sounds very unnatural and grammatically awkward to native speakers.

The noun form is उपस्थिति (upasthiti), which translates to 'presence' or 'attendance'. It is crucial not to confuse the adjective and the noun. You use the adjective to describe a person: 'मैं उपस्थित हूँ' (I am present). You use the noun to talk about the concept: 'आपकी उपस्थिति अनिवार्य है' (Your presence is mandatory). Notice the slight spelling difference at the end with the added 'इ' matra.

The middle part contains a consonant cluster 'स्थ' (stha). It is a combination of a half 'स' (s) and a full 'थ' (tha) with a short 'इ' (i) sound. You pronounce it as 'sthi'. The entire word is pronounced u-pas-thit. Make sure you do not add a vowel sound between the 's' and the 'th', and ensure the final 't' is a soft dental 't', not a hard English 't'.

Yes, but usually in specific contexts. You will hear it in courtroom scenes when a judge asks for a witness to be presented ('गवाह को उपस्थित किया जाए'). You might also hear it in historical dramas or movies with highly formal dialogue. In romantic or casual scenes, characters are much more likely to use words like मौजूद or पास (near).

No, you cannot. While 'present' in English can mean both attendance and the current time, Hindi uses different words for these concepts. For physical attendance, you use उपस्थित. For the present time or present tense in grammar, you use वर्तमान (vartaman). The present tense is called 'वर्तमान काल' (vartaman kaal). Mixing these up is a common learner mistake.

In a formal Hindi email, you can write: 'मैं कल की बैठक में उपस्थित रहूँगा' (I will be present in tomorrow's meeting). If you are a female, you would write 'रहूँगी'. This is a polite, professional, and standard way to confirm your participation. You can also say 'मैं समय पर उपस्थित हो जाऊँगा' (I will become present on time).

The most common verbs are होना (to be) and रहना (to remain). 'उपस्थित होना' means to attend or present oneself. 'उपस्थित रहना' means to stay present or remain in attendance. In passive or causative sentences, you might see 'उपस्थित करना' (to present someone, like a witness). You should never pair it with verbs of motion like जाना (to go) or आना (to come).

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