Use 'yōji' to explain that you have a specific task or errand to attend to.
Mot en 30 secondes
- Refers to a specific task or errand to be done.
- Commonly used to explain reasons for going out.
- Versatile word for both personal and professional contexts.
使用パターン
最も一般的なのは「用事がある」という形で、何かをする必要があることを伝えます。また、誰かを誘う際や、外出する理由を尋ねる際にも頻出します。「用事を済ませる」という表現は、やるべきことを完了させるという意味で非常によく使われます。
一般的な文脈
友人との会話で「今日は用事があって行けない」と断る場合や、家族に「ちょっと用事があるから出かけてくる」と伝える場合など、カジュアルから丁寧な場面まで幅広く使えます。ビジネスシーンでは少し簡略化された表現ですが、同僚や親しい上司に対しては問題なく使えます。
Exemples
今日は用事があって行けません。
everydayI have errands today, so I cannot go.
急な用事で失礼します。
formalPlease excuse me, I have an urgent matter to attend to.
ちょっと用事してくるね。
informalI'm going to run a quick errand.
所用のため、本日は休業いたします。
academicWe are closed today due to business matters.
Collocations courantes
Phrases Courantes
何か用事ですか?
Do you need something?
用事を言いつける
to tell someone to do an errand
用事が立て込む
to have many errands piling up
Souvent confondu avec
Yoken refers specifically to the content of the message or the reason for a call, whereas yoji refers to the task itself.
Shigoto usually implies professional work or a career, while yoji is broader and includes personal errands.
Modèles grammaticaux
How to Use It
Notes d'usage
Yoji is neutral and can be used with friends, family, or colleagues. In very formal business or written settings, 'shoyou' or 'yoken' might be preferred depending on the context. It is a very safe word for explaining why you are busy.
Erreurs courantes
Beginners sometimes use 'shigoto' when they actually mean 'yoji' (a personal errand). Remember that 'shigoto' is work, while 'yoji' is any task. Avoid using 'yoji' to describe your professional duties.
Tips
Use with 'sumaseru' to show completion
Say 'yōji o sumaseru' to mean you have finished your errands. This is a very natural way to describe concluding your tasks.
Vague usage can sound mysterious
If you just say 'yōji ga aru' without explanation, people might assume it is personal. Be prepared to explain if asked.
Politeness in declining invitations
Using 'yōji' is a polite way to decline an invitation without giving specific details. It is considered socially acceptable to keep the reason vague.
Origine du mot
The word is derived from 'you' (use/business) and 'ji' (matter/thing). It literally means 'a matter that requires use or action'.
Contexte culturel
In Japanese culture, giving a vague reason like 'yoji' is a polite way to avoid saying 'no' directly. It helps maintain harmony by not disclosing private details.
Astuce mémo
Think of 'Yoji' as 'Yo' (business) + 'Ji' (matter). You have a 'matter of business' to take care of.
Questions fréquentes
4 questions「仕事」は主に会社などで行う職業上の活動を指します。一方「用事」は、買い物や役所への訪問など、個人的な目的や雑用も広く含みます。
はい、大丈夫です。具体的な内容を言いたくない時や、相手が詳細を知る必要がない時に「用事がある」と言うだけで、十分に「忙しい」というニュアンスが伝わります。
使えますが、より丁寧にするなら「私用(しよう)」や「所用(しょよう)」と言うと、よりフォーマルな響きになります。
明確な反対語はありませんが、特に何もない状態を指す「暇(ひま)」が対照的な概念として使われることが多いです。
Teste-toi
今日は午後から___があるので、先に帰ります。
文脈的に「外出の理由」を述べているため、用事が最も適切です。
「用事を済ませる」の意味として正しいものを選んでください。
「済ませる」は完了させることを意味します。
(ある / 用事 / 私には / 今日 / が)
日本語の語順として自然な形です。
Score : /3
Summary
Use 'yōji' to explain that you have a specific task or errand to attend to.
- Refers to a specific task or errand to be done.
- Commonly used to explain reasons for going out.
- Versatile word for both personal and professional contexts.
Use with 'sumaseru' to show completion
Say 'yōji o sumaseru' to mean you have finished your errands. This is a very natural way to describe concluding your tasks.
Vague usage can sound mysterious
If you just say 'yōji ga aru' without explanation, people might assume it is personal. Be prepared to explain if asked.
Politeness in declining invitations
Using 'yōji' is a polite way to decline an invitation without giving specific details. It is considered socially acceptable to keep the reason vague.
Exemples
4 sur 4今日は用事があって行けません。
I have errands today, so I cannot go.
急な用事で失礼します。
Please excuse me, I have an urgent matter to attend to.
ちょっと用事してくるね。
I'm going to run a quick errand.
所用のため、本日は休業いたします。
We are closed today due to business matters.
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