온전하다 en 30 secondes
- Describes something as whole, complete, and intact.
- Emphasizes soundness and absence of damage.
- Used for physical objects, health, and abstract states.
- Implies preservation and original condition.
- Core Meaning
- The adjective '온전하다' (onjeonhada) describes something that is complete, whole, intact, and in its original or proper condition. It implies that nothing is missing, broken, or damaged. It can refer to physical objects, but also to abstract concepts like health, emotions, or even a situation.
- Usage Contexts
- You'll hear '온전하다' used in various situations. For instance, when talking about the condition of an old item being preserved well, or when someone has recovered fully from an illness. It's also used to describe a situation that remains stable and undisturbed, or a person's state of mind being sound and rational. In legal or contractual contexts, it can mean that all terms and conditions are met without any deviation.
- Nuance and Connotation
- The word carries a positive connotation, suggesting a state of perfection, soundness, or ideal condition. It's often used to express relief or satisfaction when something is found to be in perfect order, especially after a period of potential damage or risk. It emphasizes the absence of any deficiency or imperfection.
My grandmother's antique vase was kept in 온전하다 condition for decades.
After the accident, he was relieved to find his leg was 온전하다.
- Abstract Usage
- '온전하다' can also describe abstract states. For example, someone's mental state can be described as '온전하다' if they are rational and not suffering from mental distress. A relationship can be '온전하다' if it is healthy and complete. A situation is '온전하다' if it is stable and without problems. This demonstrates the versatility of the word beyond just physical integrity.
We hope for a peaceful and 온전하다 society.
- Describing Physical Objects
- '온전하다' is frequently used to describe the condition of tangible items, especially those that are old, valuable, or have undergone some form of preservation or repair. It emphasizes that the object is complete and undamaged. For example, one might say a historical document is '온전하다' if it's legible and all its pages are present. Similarly, a restored piece of furniture might be described as '온전하다' if it looks as good as new, with no missing parts or visible damage.
The ancient manuscript was found to be in 온전하다 condition.
- Describing Health and Well-being
- In the context of health, '온전하다' signifies a state of complete recovery or perfect physical and mental health. It implies that someone is no longer suffering from any illness or injury and is functioning normally. For instance, after a serious illness, a doctor might say a patient's health is now '온전하다'. It can also refer to mental faculties being sound and unimpaired, meaning someone is mentally stable and rational.
After months of treatment, her health is finally 온전하다.
- Describing Situations and States
- '온전하다' can also be used to describe abstract situations or states of being. A situation might be described as '온전하다' if it is stable, peaceful, and free from any disturbances or problems. For example, a community might strive for a peaceful and '온전하다' existence. It can also refer to a person's emotional or psychological state being stable and complete, without any feelings of incompleteness or distress.
The family wished for their home to remain a place of 온전하다 peace.
- News and Current Events
- In news reports, '온전하다' might appear when discussing the aftermath of natural disasters or accidents. For instance, a report might state that a particular historical site or building was found to be '온전하다' despite the surrounding damage, highlighting its preservation. Similarly, in reports about public health, it can be used to describe the recovery of individuals or communities from widespread illnesses, emphasizing a return to a complete state of health.
The news reported that the cultural heritage site remained 온전하다 after the earthquake.
- Medical and Health Discussions
- In medical contexts, '온전하다' is a crucial term for describing recovery and prognosis. Doctors might use it to reassure patients that their organs or bodily functions are completely restored after surgery or illness. It can also be used when discussing mental health, indicating that a person's cognitive abilities and emotional stability are intact. For example, a psychiatrist might note that a patient's mental state has become '온전하다' after therapy.
The doctor assured the patient that his lungs were now 온전하다.
- Discussions about Valuables and Antiques
- When people discuss antiques, collectibles, or valuable items, '온전하다' is often used to describe their condition. If a collector finds an old coin or a rare book that is free from damage, with all its parts intact, they would describe it as '온전하다'. This term implies a high degree of preservation and value, suggesting the item has been well-cared for over time.
The antique watch was in remarkably 온전하다 condition for its age.
- Philosophical and Ethical Discussions
- In more abstract discussions, '온전하다' can refer to the integrity of principles, beliefs, or even justice. A person might strive to maintain the '온전하다' nature of their moral code. A society might aim for a system where justice remains '온전하다', meaning it is fair and complete for everyone. This usage emphasizes the ideal state of something, free from corruption or compromise.
- Confusing with Similar Words
- Learners might confuse '온전하다' with words like '완전하다' (wanjeonhada - complete, perfect) or 'كامل하다' (gamelhada - complete, full). While there's overlap, '온전하다' specifically emphasizes being intact and undamaged, often implying a state of soundness or preservation. '완전하다' is broader and can mean 'perfect' in a more absolute sense. For example, a task can be '완전하다' (completed), but a physical object is '온전하다' if it's not broken.
Mistake: The book is 완전하다.
Correct: The book is 온전하다 (if referring to its physical integrity, e.g., no torn pages).
- Overuse in Casual Conversation
- While '온전하다' is a useful word, it might be overused in casual settings where simpler terms suffice. For everyday objects that are not particularly valuable or delicate, simply saying they are '괜찮다' (okay) or '멀쩡하다' (in good condition, not damaged) might be more natural. Using '온전하다' for every minor item could sound a bit formal or even slightly exaggerated.
Mistake: My phone is 온전하다.
Correct: My phone is 멀쩡하다 or 괜찮다.
- Incorrect Grammatical Forms
- As an adjective, '온전하다' needs to be conjugated correctly when used in sentences. Common errors include using the dictionary form inappropriately or incorrectly attaching particles. For example, instead of saying '그는 온전하다 마음을 가졌다' (He has a whole mind), it should be '그는 온전한 마음을 가졌다' (He has a sound mind). Remember to use the adjectival form '온전한' before a noun.
- 완전하다 (wanjeonhada - to be complete, perfect)
- Comparison: '완전하다' is a very common word meaning 'complete' or 'perfect'. It can refer to tasks being finished, a set being full, or something being flawless. '온전하다' is more specific, focusing on being intact, whole, and undamaged, often implying preservation or soundness.
Example: The report is 완전하다 (complete). The antique vase is 온전하다 (intact). - 멀쩡하다 (meoljjonghada - to be fine, intact, undamaged)
- Comparison: '멀쩡하다' is often used in more informal contexts and implies that something is functioning correctly and shows no visible signs of damage. It's a good everyday alternative for describing physical objects or people's conditions. '온전하다' can sound a bit more formal and emphasizes a higher degree of completeness and integrity.
Example: My car is 멀쩡하다 (fine). The ancient artifact was found in 온전하다 condition. - 성하다 (seonghada - to be well, healthy, intact)
- Comparison: '성하다' is similar to '온전하다' and '멀쩡하다' when referring to health or physical condition. It implies being well and without harm. It's often used for people or animals. '온전하다' can be used for a wider range of things, including abstract concepts, and often carries a stronger sense of completeness.
Example: The child is 성하다 (well). The historical text must remain 온전하다 for future study. - كامل하다 (gamelhada - to be complete, full)
- Comparison: This is a Sino-Korean word, often used in more formal or technical contexts. Similar to '완전하다', it means 'complete' or 'full'. It's less common in everyday speech than '완전하다'. '온전하다' still retains its unique nuance of being intact and undamaged.
Example: The team has achieved كامل한 success (achieved complete success). The ancient pottery remains 온전하다.
How Formal Is It?
Le savais-tu ?
Interestingly, the root '온' (on) meaning 'whole' or 'complete' also appears in other Korean words related to totality or completeness, though its direct lineage might be complex. The suffix '-전하다' has connections to fulfilling or completing something, reinforcing the core meaning of the word.
Guide de prononciation
- Mispronouncing the 'ㅈ' (j) sound in '전' (jeon), making it sound like 'z' or 's'.
- Not aspirating the 'ㅎ' (h) sound in '하다' (hada) sufficiently, making it sound too soft.
- Incorrectly stressing syllables other than the first one.
Niveau de difficulté
At the B1 CEFR level, understanding '온전하다' requires recognizing its core meaning of 'intact' or 'whole'. Learners might need context to differentiate it from '완전하다'. Reading materials at this level will likely use it in straightforward descriptions of objects or health.
B1 learners can start to use '온전하다' in their writing, particularly when describing the condition of objects or personal well-being. They might need practice in conjugating it correctly and choosing appropriate contexts to avoid confusion with synonyms.
Speaking with '온전하다' at B1 level involves using it in simple sentences to describe things as intact or healthy. Learners might initially rely on simpler alternatives like '멀쩡하다' but can progress to using '온전하다' for more precise descriptions.
Listening comprehension for '온전하다' at B1 requires understanding the context. Hearing it in descriptions of well-preserved items or full recovery from illness will help learners grasp its meaning.
Quoi apprendre ensuite
Prérequis
Apprends ensuite
Avancé
Grammaire à connaître
Adjective Conjugation
'온전하다' conjugates like other adjectives. For example, '온전하다' (dictionary form), '온전해요' (polite present), '온전한' (adjective modifier).
Using Adverbs
The adverb form '온전하게' (intactly, wholly) can modify verbs, e.g., '그것을 온전하게 보존하세요.' (Preserve it intactly.)
Noun Derivation
The nouns '온전함' (wholeness) and '온전성' (soundness) are derived from the adjective '온전하다'.
Negative Forms
The negation is formed using '아니하다' or '않다'. For example, '온전하지 않다' (is not intact).
Past Tense
Past tense is formed by adding '-었/았-' before the ending, e.g., '온전했다' (was intact).
Exemples par niveau
인형 온전하다.
The doll is whole/intact.
Simple declarative sentence.
책 온전해요.
The book is intact.
Using the polite -요 ending.
장난감 온전해.
The toy is whole.
Informal ending -해.
이것 온전해요.
This is intact/whole.
Using '이것' (this).
그것 온전한가요?
Is that one intact?
Question form.
아니요, 온전하지 않아요.
No, it's not intact.
Negative form.
상자 온전해요.
The box is whole.
Noun + adjective.
그림 온전해요.
The picture is intact.
Describing a piece of art.
그 오래된 인형은 아직 온전하다.
That old doll is still intact.
'아직' (still) adds context.
사고 후에도 차는 온전했어요.
Even after the accident, the car was intact.
Past tense '었어요'.
몸이 온전해서 다행이다.
It's fortunate that my body is whole/healthy.
Expressing relief.
그녀의 마음은 온전했다.
Her mind was sound/whole.
Referring to mental state.
이 가구는 거의 온전하게 보존되었다.
This furniture was preserved almost intact.
Adverbial form '온전하게'.
모든 부품이 온전한지 확인하세요.
Please check if all parts are intact.
Imperative command.
그의 말은 온전한 진실이었다.
His words were the whole truth.
Using '온전한' as an adjective before a noun.
건강이 온전하면 무엇이든 할 수 있다.
If your health is whole/complete, you can do anything.
Conditional sentence.
오래된 책이지만, 글씨가 흐릿해지지 않고 온전하게 보존되어 있다.
Although it's an old book, the writing is preserved intact without fading.
Focus on preservation of text.
수술 후 그의 몸 상태는 완벽하게 온전해졌다.
After the surgery, his physical condition became perfectly whole/sound.
Emphasizing complete recovery.
그녀는 어린 시절의 기억을 온전하게 간직하고 있었다.
She kept her childhood memories completely intact.
Abstract use: memories.
이 지역은 자연재해에도 불구하고 그 모습이 온전하게 유지되었다.
Despite natural disasters, this area's appearance remained intact.
Describing a place's condition.
그는 정신적으로 온전한 상태에서 범죄를 저질렀다고 주장했다.
He claimed he committed the crime in a sound mental state.
Referring to mental state and legal context.
모든 계약 조건이 온전하게 이행되었다.
All contract terms were fulfilled completely/intact.
Abstract use: contract terms.
이번 프로젝트는 예산과 일정이 온전하게 지켜졌다.
This project's budget and schedule were kept intact.
Abstract use: project management.
그의 삶은 어려움 속에서도 온전한 희망을 잃지 않았다.
Even amidst difficulties, his life did not lose its complete hope.
Abstract use: hope.
복원 작업 덕분에 이 고대 유물은 거의 처음 상태 그대로 온전하게 보존될 수 있었다.
Thanks to the restoration work, this ancient artifact could be preserved almost entirely intact, as it was originally.
Emphasis on restoration and original state.
그는 오랜 투병 생활 끝에 마침내 정신적, 육체적으로 온전한 회복을 이루었다.
After a long period of illness, he finally achieved a complete recovery, both mentally and physically.
Comprehensive recovery (mental and physical).
사회 질서가 온전하게 유지되는 것은 모든 시민의 책임이다.
It is the responsibility of all citizens to maintain social order completely intact.
Abstract use: social order.
그의 증언은 사건의 모든 정황을 온전하게 설명하고 있었다.
His testimony described all the circumstances of the incident completely and accurately.
Describing the completeness of information.
이 법은 시민의 권리를 온전하게 보호하도록 설계되었다.
This law is designed to protect citizens' rights completely and fully.
Abstract use: legal protection.
그는 자신의 명예를 온전하게 지키기 위해 모든 노력을 기울였다.
He made every effort to keep his honor completely intact.
Abstract use: honor.
기술 발전에도 불구하고, 전통적인 가치관이 온전하게 계승되기를 바란다.
Despite technological advancements, we hope that traditional values will be passed down completely intact.
Abstract use: values.
그의 논리는 처음부터 끝까지 온전하게 유지되었다.
His logic was maintained completely intact from beginning to end.
Describing the integrity of an argument.
문화유산의 온전한 보존은 후세에게 우리의 정체성을 전달하는 데 필수적이다.
The intact preservation of cultural heritage is essential for conveying our identity to future generations.
Formal noun phrase: '온전한 보존'.
그의 작품은 시대의 아픔을 온전하게 담아내면서도, 동시에 미래에 대한 희망을 제시한다.
His work, while fully capturing the pain of the era, simultaneously presents hope for the future.
Adverbial use, nuanced meaning of 'fully capturing'.
정치적 격변기에도 불구하고, 그는 자신의 신념을 온전한 상태로 지켜내려 노력했다.
Despite political turmoil, he strove to maintain his beliefs in a complete and sound state.
Abstract use: beliefs.
데이터의 온전한 무결성을 보장하기 위해 엄격한 보안 프로토콜이 적용되었다.
Strict security protocols were applied to ensure the complete integrity of the data.
Technical context: data integrity.
그는 모든 책임을 온전하게 받아들이며, 자신의 실수를 인정했다.
He accepted all responsibility completely and acknowledged his mistakes.
Abstract use: accepting responsibility.
원래의 설계 의도가 온전하게 구현된 건축물은 보는 이들에게 깊은 감명을 준다.
Architecture where the original design intent is fully realized deeply impresses viewers.
Describing the realization of design intent.
관계의 온전한 신뢰는 상호 존중과 투명성에 기반한다.
Complete trust in a relationship is based on mutual respect and transparency.
Abstract use: trust in relationships.
그 사건은 진실이 온전하게 밝혀질 때까지 계속 조사될 것이다.
The investigation into that incident will continue until the truth is fully revealed.
Emphasis on the complete revelation of truth.
고고학자들은 발굴된 유물이 수천 년의 세월에도 불구하고 온전한 형태로 보존되어 있다는 사실에 경탄을 금치 못했다.
The archaeologists could not hide their astonishment at the fact that the excavated artifacts were preserved in an intact state despite thousands of years.
Formal, emphasizing astonishment at preservation.
그의 예술은 시대의 모순과 비극을 온전하게 직시하면서도, 인간 정신의 불굴의 의지를 역설한다.
His art fully confronts the contradictions and tragedies of the era, while simultaneously asserting the indomitable will of the human spirit.
Literary context, complex themes.
국제법의 온전한 존중만이 진정한 세계 평화를 담보할 수 있다.
Only the complete respect for international law can guarantee true world peace.
Abstract, philosophical argument.
생명체의 온전한 보존은 생태계의 균형 유지에 있어 매우 중요한 요소이다.
The intact preservation of living organisms is a crucial factor in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem.
Scientific/ecological context.
그는 자신의 도덕적 신념을 어떠한 외부 압력에도 굴하지 않고 온전하게 수호했다.
He defended his moral convictions completely and steadfastly, without yielding to any external pressure.
Emphasizing steadfastness and integrity.
정보화 시대에 데이터의 온전한 무결성을 확보하는 것은 국가 안보와 직결되는 문제이다.
In the information age, ensuring the complete integrity of data is a matter directly linked to national security.
Advanced technical and geopolitical context.
인간의 정신적 온전함은 복잡한 사회 구조 속에서도 흔들리지 않는 내면의 힘에서 비롯된다.
Human mental wholeness stems from an inner strength that remains unshaken even within complex social structures.
Philosophical, abstract noun '온전함'.
그 역사적 사건의 진실은 시간이 흘러도 온전하게 우리에게 전달되어야 한다.
The truth of that historical event must be conveyed to us completely and accurately, even as time passes.
Emphasis on accurate and complete historical transmission.
Collocations courantes
Phrases Courantes
— In an intact/whole state.
The antique watch was found 온전한 상태로.
— In its complete/original form/appearance.
The restored painting was presented 온전한 모습으로.
— With a sound/whole mind; sincerely.
She accepted the gift 온전한 마음으로.
— To keep something intact/whole; to preserve.
We must 온전하게 지키다 our cultural heritage.
— Complete recovery.
The patient achieved 온전한 회복 after surgery.
— The complete/whole truth.
It is important to know the 온전한 진실.
— A whole/complete life.
She strives for an 온전한 삶.
— Complete/full rights.
Every citizen has 온전한 권리.
— To be maintained intact/whole.
The system needs to be 온전하게 유지되다.
— Complete/whole faith.
He had 온전한 믿음 in his principles.
Souvent confondu avec
'완전하다' means 'complete' or 'perfect'. It can refer to a task being finished or something being flawless. '온전하다' specifically emphasizes being intact and undamaged, often implying preservation or soundness.
'멀쩡하다' is more informal and means 'fine' or 'undamaged'. '온전하다' is generally more formal and carries a stronger sense of integrity and completeness.
'성하다' often refers to health or well-being ('well' or 'unharmed'), similar to '온전하다' in that context, but '온전하다' has a broader application to objects and abstract concepts.
Expressions idiomatiques
— In a sound state of mind; rationally; with full mental capacity.
He made the decision 온전한 정신으로, so we must trust it.
Neutral— To seek something whole, complete, or perfect; to look for integrity.
In a complex world, many people are 온전한 것을 찾다.
Figurative— To lose one's wholeness, integrity, or soundness; to become damaged or impaired.
After the trauma, he felt like he had 온전함을 잃다.
Figurative/Psychological— A whole piece; an intact part. Often used metaphorically to mean a significant or essential part.
This discovery is an 온전한 한 조각 of the historical puzzle.
Figurative— With a sincere heart; with good intentions; wholeheartedly.
She offered her help 온전한 마음으로.
Neutral/Positive Connotation— To see the complete picture; to understand the full situation.
It's important to see the 온전한 그림 before making a judgment.
Figurative— To return to a whole/intact/sound state.
The patient is expected to 온전한 상태로 돌아가다.
Medical/Figurative— Complete and unwavering faith or trust.
He had 온전한 믿음 in his team's abilities.
Figurative/Positive— The true or complete meaning.
We need to understand the 온전한 의미 of his words.
Figurative— A whole being; a complete entity.
She sought to be an 온전한 존재.
Philosophical/FigurativeFacile à confondre
Both words relate to a state of being complete or not lacking something.
'완전하다' focuses on the state of being finished, perfect, or having all necessary parts. '온전하다' specifically emphasizes being intact, undamaged, and in a sound condition, often implying preservation from harm or decay.
The report is '완전하다' (complete). The antique vase is '온전하다' (intact).
Both words describe something as being in good condition and not damaged.
'멀쩡하다' is generally informal and used for everyday objects or situations where something is simply 'fine' or 'working'. '온전하다' is more formal and implies a higher degree of integrity, soundness, and preservation, often used for valuable items or in more serious contexts.
My phone is '멀쩡하다' (fine). The historical document is '온전하다' (intact).
Both words can be used to describe a state of health or physical well-being.
'성하다' primarily refers to being well, healthy, or unharmed, especially for people or animals. '온전하다' can also refer to health but extends to describing the intactness and completeness of inanimate objects and abstract concepts like mental state or social order.
The child is '성하다' (well). The ancient artifact is '온전하다' (intact).
This is an antonym, so understanding it helps define '온전하다'.
'손상되다' means 'to be damaged' or 'to be harmed', indicating a loss of integrity or completeness. '온전하다' describes the state *before* or *in the absence of* such damage, meaning to be intact and whole.
The car was '손상되었다' (damaged). The car remained '온전하다' (intact) after the minor incident.
Another antonym, directly indicating breakage.
'부서지다' specifically means 'to be broken into pieces'. '온전하다' signifies the opposite state of being unbroken and whole.
The glass '부서졌다' (broke). The glass remained '온전하다' (intact) until it was dropped.
Structures de phrases
Noun + 이/가 + 온전하다.
그 인형이 온전하다.
Noun + 은/는 + 온전하다.
그의 건강은 온전하다.
온전한 + Noun
나는 온전한 마음으로 그를 도왔다.
온전하게 + Verb
이것을 온전하게 보관해야 합니다.
Noun + 이/가 + 온전하게 + Verb
그 유물이 온전하게 보존되었다.
Noun + 은/는 + 온전한 + Noun
그는 온전한 정신으로 그 결정을 내렸다.
온전하다 + -(으)ㄴ/는 것
온전한 것이 중요하다는 것을 배웠다.
Noun + 의 + 온전한 + Noun
문화유산의 온전한 보존이 필요하다.
Famille de mots
Noms
Adjectifs
Apparenté
Comment l'utiliser
Medium. While not as common as '완전하다', it is frequently used in specific contexts like describing valuable items or health.
-
Using '온전하다' for everyday items that are just 'okay'.
→
Use '멀쩡하다' or '괜찮다' for casual contexts. Reserve '온전하다' for when integrity and wholeness are specifically important.
'온전하다' implies a higher degree of intactness and soundness than simply being functional. For example, saying 'My pen is 온전하다' is less natural than 'My antique watch is 온전하다'.
-
Confusing '온전하다' with '완전하다'.
→
Remember '온전하다' means intact/undamaged, while '완전하다' means complete/perfect. Use '온전하다' for physical wholeness and '완전하다' for completion of tasks or absolute perfection.
A vase can be '온전하다' (intact) but not '완전하다' (perfect) if it has minor cosmetic flaws. A completed report is '완전하다' but might not be described as '온전하다' unless its integrity is specifically relevant.
-
Incorrect conjugation, especially when used as an adjective modifier.
→
Use '온전한' before a noun. For example, '온전한 상태' (intact condition), not '온전하다 상태'.
Like other adjectives, '온전하다' needs to change its form to modify a noun. The base form '온전하다' is used predicatively (at the end of a sentence).
-
Using '온전하다' when the item is clearly damaged.
→
If something is broken or damaged, use words like '부서지다', '손상되다', or '망가지다'.
'온전하다' describes the state of being whole and undamaged. Stating that a broken item is '온전하다' is factually incorrect and misleading.
-
Not using the adverb form '온전하게' when needed.
→
Use '온전하게' to modify verbs, indicating that an action is performed in a way that maintains wholeness or intactness.
For example, 'Please preserve the document 온전하게' (Please preserve the document intactly). Using the adjective form '온전하다' here would be grammatically incorrect.
Astuces
Master the 'J' Sound
The syllable '전' (jeon) in '온전하다' contains the Korean consonant 'ㅈ', which sounds like the 'j' in 'jump'. Practice saying 'jeon' clearly to distinguish it from similar sounds.
Compare with '완전하다'
Practice using '온전하다' and '완전하다' in sentences side-by-side. Notice how '온전하다' focuses on intactness while '완전하다' focuses on completeness or perfection.
Use for Value
Reserve '온전하다' for situations where the wholeness or intactness is significant, such as for valuable antiques, crucial health recovery, or maintaining important principles. Overusing it for mundane items might sound unnatural.
Visual Association
Create a mental image of a perfectly whole object, like an unbroken egg or a flawless gem, and associate it with the word '온전하다'.
Adjective Modifier Form
Remember to use the form '온전한' when placing the adjective before a noun, like in '온전한 상태' (intact condition).
Appreciate Preservation
Understand that the concept of preserving things in their '온전한' state is culturally valued in Korea, especially for historical and traditional items.
Know the Opposites
Understanding words like '부서지다' (to be broken) and '손상되다' (to be damaged) will help you better grasp the meaning of '온전하다' by contrast.
Apply to Abstract Ideas
Don't limit '온전하다' to physical objects. Try using it to describe abstract concepts like '온전한 정신' (sound mind) or '온전한 신뢰' (complete trust) to broaden your vocabulary.
Active Recall
Regularly try to recall the meaning of '온전하다' and use it in sentences. Test yourself by describing objects around you or situations you encounter.
Mémorise-le
Moyen mnémotechnique
Imagine an 'ON' button that makes everything 'ON' and working perfectly, completely whole, and intact. When you press the 'ON' button, the device becomes '온전하다'.
Association visuelle
Picture a perfectly round, unbroken circle, with no cracks or missing pieces. This circle represents '온전하다'. Alternatively, visualize a pristine, untouched ancient artifact.
Word Web
Défi
Try to describe five different objects around your house using the word '온전하다' or its related forms. For example, 'My favorite book is still in 온전한 상태.' Then, try to think of a situation where something might *lose* its '온전함' and describe that.
Origine du mot
The word '온전하다' originates from Old Korean. Its root can be traced back to the word '온' (on), which meant 'whole' or 'complete'. Over time, through grammatical changes and the addition of the verb-forming suffix '-전하다' (which itself has roots related to 'to be complete' or 'to fulfill'), it evolved into the adjective '온전하다' we use today.
Sens originel : The original meaning was simply 'to be whole' or 'to be complete'.
KoreanicContexte culturel
When discussing health or mental states, using '온전하다' implies a positive state of being. Conversely, stating that someone has lost their '온전함' can be sensitive, especially regarding mental health, and should be used with care and empathy.
In English, we might use terms like 'intact', 'whole', 'undamaged', 'pristine', 'sound', or 'complete' depending on the context. The nuance of '온전하다' often combines the idea of being physically undamaged with a sense of overall soundness or perfection.
Pratique dans la vie réelle
Contextes réels
Describing the condition of valuable or old items.
- 온전한 상태로 발견되다
- 온전하게 보존하다
- 온전한 모습
- 온전한 형태
Discussing health and recovery.
- 온전한 건강을 되찾다
- 온전한 회복
- 정신적으로 온전하다
- 몸이 온전하다
Talking about situations or abstract concepts.
- 온전한 사회 질서
- 온전한 정의
- 온전한 믿음
- 온전한 진실
Legal or contractual matters.
- 온전하게 이행되다
- 온전한 권리
- 온전한 의무
Describing the integrity of information or arguments.
- 온전한 무결성
- 온전한 논리
- 온전한 설명
Amorces de conversation
"Have you ever found an old item that was surprisingly still in '온전한 상태'?"
"What does '온전한 건강' mean to you?"
"Can you think of a time when maintaining '온전한 사회 질서' was particularly important?"
"If you were restoring an antique, what would be your goal regarding its '온전한 모습'?"
"What do you think it means for a person to have '온전한 정신'?"
Sujets d'écriture
Describe a physical object you own that you consider to be in '온전한 상태'. Why is its condition important to you?
Reflect on a time you or someone you know experienced a significant recovery. How would you describe that state using the word '온전한 회복'?
Imagine a society where '온전한 정의' is paramount. What would such a society look like?
Write about a personal belief or value that you strive to keep '온전하게'. What challenges do you face in doing so?
Consider a situation where understanding the '온전한 진실' was crucial. What were the stakes involved?
Questions fréquentes
10 questions'온전하다' emphasizes being intact, whole, and undamaged, often implying preservation. Think of an antique vase that is not broken. '완전하다' means complete or perfect in a broader sense, like a task being finished or a set having all its items. For example, a report is '완전하다' (complete), but an ancient manuscript is '온전하다' (intact).
Yes, '온전하다' is often used to describe health, meaning to be fully recovered, sound, or in perfect health. For example, 'After the surgery, his health became 온전하다.' It implies a return to a normal, unimpaired state.
'온전하다' is generally considered neutral to formal. In casual conversation, '멀쩡하다' (fine, undamaged) might be used more frequently for everyday objects. However, '온전하다' is common in written contexts, news, and discussions about valuable items or abstract concepts.
You can say '온전한 상태' (onjeonhan sangtae) or '온전한 모습' (onjeonhan moseup). For example, 'The artifact was found in an 온전한 상태.' (그 유물은 온전한 상태로 발견되었습니다.)
The direct opposites are verbs like '부서지다' (to be broken) and '손상되다' (to be damaged). The adjective '불완전하다' (incomplete, imperfect) can also be considered an antonym in certain contexts.
Yes, it can. For example, one might talk about '온전한 정신' (sound mind), '온전한 정의' (complete justice), or a situation remaining '온전하다' (stable and undisturbed). It implies integrity and soundness in these abstract contexts.
The adverb form is '온전하게' (onjeonhage). It means 'wholly', 'completely', or 'intactly'. For example, 'The building was 온전하게 preserved.' (그 건물은 온전하게 보존되었습니다.)
While '온전하다' can conceptually apply, in technical contexts related to digital data, terms like '무결성' (mugyeolseong - integrity) are more commonly used, such as '데이터 무결성' (data integrity). However, '온전한 무결성' could be used for emphasis.
The noun forms are '온전함' (onjeonham), meaning 'wholeness' or 'completeness', and '온전성' (onjeonseong), meaning 'soundness' or 'integrity'.
Usually, if a car was in an accident, it's likely damaged. You'd use '온전하다' only if, miraculously, the car sustained no damage at all. More commonly, you'd use '멀쩡하다' if it's surprisingly fine, or describe the specific damage if it's not intact.
Teste-toi 10 questions
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
'온전하다' signifies a state of being perfectly whole, complete, and intact, emphasizing the absence of damage or deficiency. It's used for physical objects in pristine condition, full recovery of health, and sound abstract states.
- Describes something as whole, complete, and intact.
- Emphasizes soundness and absence of damage.
- Used for physical objects, health, and abstract states.
- Implies preservation and original condition.
Master the 'J' Sound
The syllable '전' (jeon) in '온전하다' contains the Korean consonant 'ㅈ', which sounds like the 'j' in 'jump'. Practice saying 'jeon' clearly to distinguish it from similar sounds.
Context is Key
Pay attention to the context when you hear '온전하다'. Is it describing a physical object, a person's health, or an abstract concept? This will help you understand the precise nuance being conveyed.
Compare with '완전하다'
Practice using '온전하다' and '완전하다' in sentences side-by-side. Notice how '온전하다' focuses on intactness while '완전하다' focuses on completeness or perfection.
Use for Value
Reserve '온전하다' for situations where the wholeness or intactness is significant, such as for valuable antiques, crucial health recovery, or maintaining important principles. Overusing it for mundane items might sound unnatural.
Exemple
오랜 시간이 지났지만 그 그림은 온전하게 보존되어 있었다.
Contenu associé
Ce mot dans d'autres langues
Plus de mots sur religion
행하다
A1Agir ou accomplir une action d'une manière formelle ou morale. Par exemple, 'accomplir une bonne action' (선행을 행하다).
홀로
B1Seul ou par soi-même, souvent utilisé dans un contexte poétique ou littéraire.
제사
A2Le 'jesa' est un rite ancestral coréen traditionnel pour honorer les défunts avec de la nourriture et des inclinaisons.
천사
A2Angel; a spiritual being acting as an attendant or messenger of God.
깨우다
A1Réveiller quelqu'un de son sommeil. Peut aussi signifier rendre quelqu'un conscient de quelque chose ou stimuler ses sentiments ou son esprit. (French: To wake someone from their sleep. Can also mean to make someone aware of something or to stimulate their feelings or mind.)
신자
A2Croyant; une personne qui a la foi en une religion. Il est un adepte d'un système de croyances spirituelles.
인자하다
A1Être bienveillant, clément et compatissant. On l'utilise souvent pour décrire une personne âgée ou respectée qui a un grand cœur.
성경
A2La Bible est le livre sacré du christianisme. Elle est divisée en Ancien et Nouveau Testament.
복되다
A1Être béni; doué d'une faveur divine.
축복
A2Bénédiction; une faveur ou un don divin.
