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B2 verb #4,500 le plus courant 7 min de lecture

확충하다

hwakchunghada Top 4,500

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces 확충하다 en 30 secondes

Explication 확충하다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use '확충하다' yourself, as it is a difficult word. Instead, you can think of it as a very fancy way to say 'make more' or 'add more.' For example, if you have 5 chairs but you need 10, you 'make more' chairs. In formal Korean, this is '확충하다.' At this stage, focus on the basic verb '더 만들다' (make more) or '늘리다' (increase), but remember that '확충하다' is a word you will see later when you talk about big things like hospitals or schools.

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At the A2 level, you might start seeing '확충하다' in simple news snippets or public announcements. It is a verb used for 'big things' like parks, libraries, or bus lines. If you see '시설 확충' (facility expansion) on a sign in Korea, it means the city is building more things for you to use. You should recognize that the '확' part means 'wide' and the '충' part means 'full.' So, it means making something wide and full. You can try to remember it as 'Big Plus'—adding things to make a system better.

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At the B1 level, you should be able to understand '확충하다' when it appears in intermediate reading passages about social issues. You should know that it is a formal word (Hanja-eo). It is commonly used with objects like '인원' (personnel/staff) and '시설' (facilities). You might use it in a structured writing task when discussing how to improve a school or a workplace. Instead of saying '사람을 더 뽑아요' (hire more people), using '인력을 확충해야 합니다' will make your writing sound much more professional and appropriate for the B1 level.

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At the B2 level, you are expected to use '확충하다' correctly in both writing and speaking. You must understand its specific nuance: expanding something to ensure it is sufficient for a purpose. You should be able to distinguish it from '확장하다' (physical expansion). For example, in a debate about urban planning, you would use '도로 확충' to talk about adding lanes to reduce traffic. You should also be familiar with common collocations like '예산 확충' (budget expansion) and '복지 시설 확충' (welfare facility expansion). This word is essential for the TOPIK II exam and for discussing social topics fluently.

At the C1 level, you should have a deep mastery of '확충하다' and its related academic forms. You should understand how it fits into the broader discourse of public policy and corporate strategy. You can use it to describe abstract but quantifiable systems, such as '인프라 확충' (infrastructure expansion) or '네트워크 확충' (network expansion). You should also be able to use its passive form '확충되다' and the noun form '확충' in complex sentence structures, such as '시설 확충에 따른 예산 부족 문제' (The problem of budget shortage following facility expansion). Your usage should reflect an understanding of the word's formal register and its implication of systemic adequacy.

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At the C2 level, '확충하다' is a basic tool in your high-level vocabulary arsenal. You use it with precision to discuss macroeconomic policies, institutional reforms, and global logistics. You understand the historical and etymological roots (擴充) and can explain the word's nuance to others. You are comfortable using it in highly formal speeches, legal documents, or academic journals. You can also identify and correct subtle misuses of the word in professional contexts. For a C2 learner, '확충하다' is not just about 'adding more,' but about the strategic augmentation of resources to achieve institutional stability and societal welfare.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

확충하다 en 30 secondes

확충하다 means to expand and increase something to make it sufficient for a need.
It is a formal word used for infrastructure, staff, and public systems.
It differs from 확장하다, which focuses mainly on physical size or area.
Commonly paired with words like 시설 (facilities), 인원 (personnel), and 예산 (budget).

The Korean verb 확충하다 (hwakchunghada) is a sophisticated term that translates to 'to expand and increase' or 'to augment.' However, it carries a very specific nuance that distinguishes it from simple expansion. It combines the Hanja characters 擴 (넓힐 확 - to broaden) and 充 (채울 충 - to fill/satisfy). Therefore, the word implies not just making something bigger, but expanding it to a point where it becomes sufficient or adequate for a particular need or demand. It is most commonly used in professional, administrative, and journalistic contexts when discussing infrastructure, social welfare systems, human resources, or technical facilities.

Infrastructure Context: When a city grows, the existing roads or public transport might not be enough. In this case, the government will '확충' the bus lines or subway networks to ensure everyone can commute comfortably.

정부는 대중교통망을 대폭 확충하다라고 발표했습니다. (The government announced it would significantly expand the public transportation network.)

Human Resources: If a hospital is understaffed, they need to '확충' their medical personnel. This doesn't just mean hiring one person; it means increasing the staff count to a functional, safe level.

의료 공백을 메우기 위해 전문 인력을 확충해야 합니다. (To fill the medical gap, we must expand the professional workforce.)

In daily life, you might not use this word when talking about expanding your personal collection of shoes, but you will certainly see it in news headlines regarding the '확충' of childcare centers, parking lots, or emergency shelters. It suggests a systematic and purposeful increase rather than a random growth. It is a key term for anyone looking to understand Korean social issues, policy changes, or corporate strategy. By using this word, you signal a high level of proficiency and an understanding of formal Korean logic where expansion is linked to social or institutional responsibility.

Using 확충하다 requires an understanding of its typical objects. Since it is a transitive verb, it always takes an object marked by ~을/를. These objects are almost always abstract systems or physical facilities that serve a collective purpose. Common objects include 시설 (facilities), 인원 (personnel), 예산 (budget), and 제도 (systems/policies).

Common Grammatical Patterns: 1. [Object]을/를 확충하다: The basic form.
2. [Object] 확충에 힘쓰다: To strive for the expansion of [Object].
3. [Object]가 확충되다: The passive form, meaning [Object] is being expanded.

회사는 연구 개발을 위해 설비를 확충하고 있습니다. (The company is expanding its equipment for research and development.)

When constructing sentences, pay attention to the 'why.' Because '확충하다' implies sufficiency, it is often paired with clauses explaining the need. For example, 'To solve the problem of X, we must 확충 Y.' This creates a logical flow that is very common in Korean writing and formal speech.

노인 복지 서비스를 확충함으로써 고령화 사회에 대비해야 합니다. (We must prepare for an aging society by expanding senior welfare services.)

Furthermore, '확충하다' is frequently modified by adverbs that emphasize the scale or speed of the expansion. Adverbs like '대폭' (significantly/drastically), '지속적으로' (continuously), and '조속히' (promptly) are its frequent companions. Using these adverbs makes your Korean sound more natural and professional. For instance, instead of saying 'They expanded the park,' saying '공원을 대폭 확충했습니다' suggests a major urban planning success that significantly improved the lives of residents.

You are most likely to encounter 확충하다 in formal environments. If you watch Korean news (KBS, MBC, SBS), you will hear news anchors using it daily. It is a staple of 'Policy News' where reporters discuss how the government plans to tackle social issues. For example, during a public health crisis, the news will constantly mention '병상 확충' (expanding hospital beds).

In the Workplace: In a corporate setting, during quarterly meetings or strategic planning sessions, managers might say, '우리 팀의 인력을 확충해야 합니다' (We need to expand our team's personnel). It sounds much more professional than '사람을 더 뽑아야 해요' (We need to hire more people).

신규 프로젝트를 위해 예산을 확충하기로 결정했습니다. (We decided to expand the budget for the new project.)

In academic papers and textbooks, '확충하다' is used to describe historical developments or sociological trends. You might read about how a kingdom 'expanded its territory and augmented its military' (영토를 넓히고 군사력을 확충했다). This shows the word's versatility in covering both modern administrative needs and historical narratives of growth.

지방 자치 단체는 문화 시설을 확충하여 주민들의 삶의 질을 높였습니다. (Local governments expanded cultural facilities to improve residents' quality of life.)

Lastly, you will see this word on posters and banners around Korean cities. When a new library is built or a subway line is extended, the banner might read '주민 편의 시설 확충!' (Expanding facilities for resident convenience!). It is a word that carries a sense of progress and improvement. Understanding it helps you navigate the physical and social landscape of Korea more deeply.

The most common mistake learners make is confusing 확충하다 with 확장하다 (hwakjanghada). While both mean 'to expand,' their usage is quite different. 확장하다 focuses on physical dimensions, size, or scope. For example, you '확장' a building's floor space or '확장' your business into a new country. 확충하다, on the other hand, focuses on filling a capacity or making something sufficient.

The Size vs. Sufficiency Trap: If you say '도로를 확충하다,' you are saying you are adding more roads or lanes because the current ones aren't enough for the traffic. If you say '도로를 확장하다,' you are focusing on the physical widening of the existing road.

❌ 사업을 확충하다 (Incorrect for 'expanding business scope')
✅ 사업을 확장하다 (Correct for 'expanding business scope')

Another mistake is using it for purely abstract concepts like 'knowledge' or 'experience.' For these, you should use terms like '쌓다' (build up) or '넓히다' (broaden). '확충하다' is almost always tied to tangible resources, systems, or personnel within an organization.

❌ 지식을 확충하다 (Incorrect for 'expanding knowledge')
✅ 지식을 넓히다 / 쌓다 (Correct for 'broadening knowledge')

Finally, learners sometimes forget that '확충하다' is a formal word. Using it in a very casual conversation with friends might sound overly stiff. For example, instead of saying '우리는 파티 음식을 확충해야 해' (We must augment the party food), you would just say '음식을 더 준비해야 해' (We need to prepare more food). Save '확충하다' for when you want to sound authoritative, professional, or when discussing serious topics.

To truly master 확충하다, it helps to compare it with its synonyms and related terms. Each has a specific context where it shines brightest.

확장하다 (Hwakjanghada) - To Expand: Focuses on size, area, or scope. Used for buildings, business territories, or mathematical ranges.
증설하다 (Jeungseolhada) - To Install More: Specifically used for physical equipment, machinery, or lines. For example, adding more phone lines or factory machines.
보강하다 (Boganghada) - To Reinforce: Focuses on making something stronger or filling in weak points. Often used for security, military defenses, or logical arguments.
증대하다 (Jeungdaehada) - To Increase/Magnify: Used for quantities, values, or effects. For example, increasing production, efficiency, or national power.

Why choose 확충하다 over these? Choose it when you want to emphasize that the expansion is being done to meet a necessary level of service or supply. It is the most 'public-minded' of these verbs.

Example Comparison:
1. 시설을 확장하다: Make the building bigger.
2. 시설을 확충하다: Add more facilities (like toilets or desks) so there's enough for everyone.

Understanding these subtle differences will allow you to read Korean news reports with much higher comprehension. You will start to see how policy makers choose their words carefully to convey whether they are simply making something larger or actively trying to solve a shortage for the public good.

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

The character 充 (충) is the same one used in '충전기' (charger). So, '확충하다' is literally like 'broadening and charging' a system up to its full capacity.

Guide de prononciation

UK /hwak.tɕʰuŋ.ɦa.da/

US /hwɑk.tʃuŋ.hɑ.dɑ/

The primary stress is on the first syllable 'Hwak', with secondary stress on 'choong'.

Rime avec

보충하다 (bochunghada) 보강하다 (boganghada) 집중하다 (jipjunghada) 적중하다 (jeokjunghada) 경청하다 (gyeongcheonghada) 신청하다 (sincheonghada) 결정하다 (gyeoljeonghada) 설정하다 (seoljeonghada)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing 'Hwak' as 'Hwa-keu' (adding an extra vowel).
Over-aspirating the 'ch' in 'choong'.
Merging 'Hwak' and 'choong' without the distinct 'k' stop.
Mispronouncing the Hanja-derived 'choong' as 'chung'.
Failing to pronounce the 'h' in 'hada' clearly in formal speech.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 4/5

Common in news and formal texts but requires Hanja knowledge for deep understanding.

Écriture 4/5

Requires knowledge of formal collocations to use naturally.

Expression orale 3/5

Used in professional settings; not common in casual speech.

Écoute 4/5

Frequently heard in news broadcasts and documentaries.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

늘리다 만들다 충분하다 시설 인원

Apprends ensuite

구축하다 보강하다 정비하다 제고하다

Avancé

확충안 확충비 증설 확대

Grammaire à connaître

~기 위해 (In order to)

시설을 확충하기 위해 예산을 편성했다.

~으로써 (By doing/means of)

인력을 확충함으로써 문제를 해결했다.

~에 따라 (According to/Following)

수요 증가에 따라 시설을 확충했다.

~고자 (Intentional)

서비스를 확충하고자 노력하고 있다.

~도록 (So that/In order to)

주민들이 편리하도록 시설을 확충했다.

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Exemples par niveau

정부는 공원을 확충해요.

The government expands the park.

Simple present tense with -어요.

병원이 침대를 확충합니다.

The hospital expands the beds (adds more beds).

Formal present tense with -습니다.

우리는 도서관을 확충해요.

We expand the library.

Object marker -을 used.

학교는 선생님을 확충해요.

The school expands the teachers (hires more).

Teacher (선생님) is the object.

버스를 확충해 주세요.

Please expand the buses (add more bus lines).

-해 주세요 (Please do...).

예산을 확충하고 싶어요.

I want to expand the budget.

-고 싶어요 (Want to...).

시설을 확충해야 해요.

We must expand the facilities.

-해야 해요 (Must/Should).

길을 확충합시다.

Let's expand the road.

-읍시다 (Let's...).

시청은 주차장을 확충하기로 했어요.

The city hall decided to expand the parking lot.

-기로 하다 (Decided to...).

우리 동네는 운동 시설을 확충했습니다.

Our neighborhood expanded the sports facilities.

Past tense -았습니다.

사람이 많아서 자리를 확충해야 합니다.

There are many people, so we must expand the seats.

Reason clause -아서.

정부는 복지 제도를 확충할 거예요.

The government will expand the welfare system.

Future tense -(으)ㄹ 거예요.

더 많은 인력을 확충할 필요가 있어요.

There is a need to expand more personnel (hire more people).

-ㄹ 필요가 있다 (Need to...).

병상을 확충해서 환자를 도와요.

Expand hospital beds and help patients.

Connective -어서.

도서관의 책을 확충하고 있습니다.

We are expanding the books in the library.

Present progressive -고 있다.

새로운 장비를 확충하면 좋겠어요.

It would be good if we expand new equipment.

-면 좋겠다 (Hope/Wish).

고령화에 대비해 노인 요양 시설을 확충해야 합니다.

To prepare for aging, we must expand elderly care facilities.

-에 대비해 (In preparation for).

대중교통을 확충함으로써 교통 체증을 해결할 수 있습니다.

By expanding public transport, we can solve traffic congestion.

-함으로써 (By doing...).

회사는 글로벌 시장 진출을 위해 인력을 확충했다.

The company expanded its personnel to enter the global market.

Formal written style ending.

정부는 저소득층을 위한 지원을 대폭 확충하기로 발표했다.

The government announced it would significantly expand support for low-income groups.

Adverb 대폭 (significantly).

안전 사고를 예방하기 위해 CCTV를 확충할 계획입니다.

We plan to expand CCTV to prevent safety accidents.

-ㄹ 계획이다 (Plan to...).

문화 센터의 강좌를 확충하여 주민 참여를 높였다.

By expanding the courses at the cultural center, resident participation was increased.

Causal connection with -하여.

예산이 부족해서 시설을 확충하기가 어렵습니다.

Because the budget is insufficient, it is difficult to expand facilities.

-기가 어렵다 (Difficult to...).

전문가들은 응급 의료 체계를 확충해야 한다고 조언했다.

Experts advised that the emergency medical system must be expanded.

Indirect quotation -고 조언했다.

정부는 보육 시설을 확충하여 맞벌이 부부의 부담을 덜어주기로 했다.

The government decided to expand childcare facilities to ease the burden on dual-income couples.

Compound sentence with -하여 and -기로 했다.

지속적인 연구 개발을 위해 연구소의 첨단 설비를 확충했습니다.

To ensure continuous R&D, we expanded the laboratory's high-tech equipment.

Adjective 첨단 (cutting-edge/high-tech).

지방 자치 단체는 관광객 유치를 위해 편의 시설을 대폭 확충하고 있다.

Local governments are significantly expanding convenience facilities to attract tourists.

Noun phrase 관광객 유치 (attracting tourists).

급증하는 수요에 맞춰 생산 라인을 확충하는 것이 시급합니다.

It is urgent to expand production lines to meet surging demand.

-는 것이 시급하다 (It is urgent to...).

장애인 복지 서비스를 확충하는 것은 국가의 의무입니다.

Expanding welfare services for the disabled is a duty of the state.

Gerund form -는 것 as a subject.

기존의 전력망을 확충하지 않으면 전력 부족 사태가 발생할 수 있다.

If the existing power grid is not expanded, a power shortage may occur.

Conditional -지 않으면.

해외 시장 경쟁력을 강화하고자 전문 마케팅 인력을 확충했다.

To strengthen overseas market competitiveness, specialized marketing personnel were expanded.

Intentional -고자.

도서관은 디지털 자료실을 확충하여 이용객의 편의를 도모했다.

The library expanded its digital resource room to promote user convenience.

Formal verb 도모하다 (to promote/aim for).

사회 안전망을 확충하는 것은 양극화 해소를 위한 필수적인 과제이다.

Expanding the social safety net is an essential task for resolving polarization.

Abstract noun phrase 사회 안전망 (social safety net).

정부는 탄소 중립 달성을 위해 신재생 에너지 인프라를 적극 확충하고 있다.

The government is actively expanding renewable energy infrastructure to achieve carbon neutrality.

Technical term 탄소 중립 (carbon neutrality).

기업의 사회적 책임을 다하기 위해 지역 사회 공헌 활동을 확충할 방침이다.

In order to fulfill corporate social responsibility, the company plans to expand community contribution activities.

Formal noun 방침 (policy/plan).

국방력 강화를 위해 최첨단 무기 체계와 전문 병력을 확충하는 데 주력하고 있다.

To strengthen national defense, we are focusing on expanding cutting-edge weapon systems and professional personnel.

-는 데 주력하다 (Focus on doing...).

급변하는 교육 환경에 발맞추어 온라인 교육 콘텐츠를 대대적으로 확충했다.

In step with the rapidly changing educational environment, online educational content was extensively expanded.

Idiom 발맞추어 (in step with).

공공 의료 기관의 병상을 확충함으로써 감염병 확산에 효과적으로 대응했다.

By expanding hospital beds in public medical institutions, we effectively responded to the spread of infectious diseases.

Noun phrase 공공 의료 기관 (public medical institution).

도시 재생 사업의 일환으로 노후화된 기반 시설을 확충하고 정비했다.

As part of the urban regeneration project, aging infrastructure was expanded and refurbished.

Formal phrase ~의 일환으로 (as part of).

청년 일자리 창출을 위해 창업 지원 센터의 규모와 기능을 확충하기로 했다.

To create jobs for youth, it was decided to expand the scale and functions of startup support centers.

Noun phrase 일자리 창출 (job creation).

국가 경쟁력 제고를 위해서는 R&D 예산의 획기적인 확충과 더불어 창의적인 인재 양성이 병행되어야 한다.

To enhance national competitiveness, a revolutionary expansion of the R&D budget must be paralleled with the fostering of creative talent.

Advanced noun 제고 (enhancement) and 획기적 (revolutionary).

사회적 약자를 위한 법률 구조 체계를 확충함으로써 실질적인 법치주의를 구현하고자 한다.

By expanding the legal aid system for the socially vulnerable, we aim to realize substantive rule of law.

Abstract concept 법치주의 (rule of law) and 구현하다 (realize/implement).

글로벌 공급망 리스크에 대비하여 핵심 전략 물자의 비축 시설을 조속히 확충해야 한다는 목소리가 높다.

There are strong calls to promptly expand storage facilities for core strategic materials in preparation for global supply chain risks.

Idiom 목소리가 높다 (There are strong calls/voices).

기초 과학 분야의 인프라를 확충하는 것은 당장의 성과보다는 미래의 국가적 자산을 축적하는 과정이다.

Expanding infrastructure in basic science is a process of accumulating future national assets rather than immediate results.

Contrastive structure ~보다는 ~.

행정 서비스의 효율성을 극대화하기 위해 디지털 플랫폼 정부 기능을 대폭 확충할 것을 천명했다.

It was declared that the functions of the digital platform government would be significantly expanded to maximize the efficiency of administrative services.

Formal verb 천명하다 (to declare/proclaim).

고령 사회의 도래에 따른 복지 수요의 폭발적 증가에 대응하기 위해 재정 건전성을 해치지 않는 범위 내에서 복지 예산을 확충해야 한다.

To respond to the explosive increase in welfare demand due to the arrival of an aged society, welfare budgets must be expanded within a range that does not harm fiscal soundness.

Complex conditional phrase ~ 않는 범위 내에서.

동북아 물류 허브로서의 입지를 공고히 하기 위해 항만 및 배후 단지 시설을 지속적으로 확충해 나가고 있다.

To solidify its position as a Northeast Asian logistics hub, port and hinterland facilities are being continuously expanded.

Auxiliary verb -해 나가다 (to continue doing).

지식 기반 경제 체제로의 전환을 가속화하기 위해 정보 통신 기술(ICT) 인프라의 확충이 그 어느 때보다 절실하다.

To accelerate the transition to a knowledge-based economic system, the expansion of ICT infrastructure is more desperate than ever.

Adjective 절실하다 (desperate/urgent).

Synonymes

늘리다 확대하다 보강하다 강화하다 증설하다

Antonymes

축소하다 삭감하다

Collocations courantes

시설을 확충하다

인원을 확충하다

예산을 확충하다

인프라를 확충하다

병상을 확충하다

제도를 확충하다

장비를 확충하다

대폭 확충하다

조속히 확충하다

지속적으로 확충하다

Phrases Courantes

확충이 시급하다

— Expansion is urgent.

노인 시설 확충이 시급하다.

확충을 요구하다

— To demand expansion.

주민들이 주차장 확충을 요구했다.

확충에 나서다

— To start/step out to expand.

정부가 일자리 확충에 나섰다.

확충 계획을 세우다

— To make an expansion plan.

병상 확충 계획을 세우고 있다.

확충을 검토하다

— To review/consider expansion.

인원 확충을 검토 중입니다.

확충을 완료하다

— To complete the expansion.

시설 확충을 완료했습니다.

확충이 필요하다

— Expansion is needed.

전문 인력 확충이 필요하다.

확충을 약속하다

— To promise expansion.

대통령은 복지 확충을 약속했다.

확충에 힘쓰다

— To strive for expansion.

문화 시설 확충에 힘쓰고 있다.

확충을 결정하다

— To decide on expansion.

예산 확충을 결정했다.

Souvent confondu avec

확충하다 vs 확장하다

Focuses on physical size/area. '확충' focuses on sufficiency/capacity.

확충하다 vs 증대하다

Focuses on the amount or value of something abstract like 'power' or 'efficiency'.

확충하다 vs 보충하다

Focuses on filling a small, missing part rather than a systematic expansion.

Expressions idiomatiques

"내실을 기하다"

— To strive for inner substance. Often used alongside '확충' to say 'not just expanding in size but also in quality.'

외형적 확충뿐만 아니라 내실을 기해야 한다.

Formal

"발을 넓히다"

— To expand one's influence or network. (Related to expansion concept).

그는 사업 분야에서 발을 넓히고 있다.

Informal/Neutral

"몸집을 불리다"

— To increase the size of an organization (often used critically).

대기업들이 몸집을 불리는 데만 집중하고 있다.

Neutral/Critical

"뿌리를 내리다"

— To take root. Used when a new system that was '확충'ed finally settles in.

새로운 복지 제도가 지역 사회에 뿌리를 내렸다.

Neutral

"어깨를 나란히 하다"

— To stand shoulder to shoulder. Used when expanding capacity allows one to compete with others.

우리 회사는 이제 세계 기업들과 어깨를 나란히 할 만큼 설비를 확충했다.

Neutral

"피를 수혈하다"

— To perform a blood transfusion. Idiomatically used for injecting new personnel or capital ('인력 확충').

조직에 새로운 피를 수혈하기 위해 인력을 확충했다.

Neutral

"기틀을 잡다"

— To lay the foundation. '확충' is often the process of laying this foundation.

인프라 확충을 통해 경제 발전의 기틀을 잡았다.

Formal

"박차를 가하다"

— To spur on. Used when speeding up the process of expansion.

시설 확충에 박차를 가하고 있다.

Formal

"물꼬를 트다"

— To open the floodgates. Used when an initial expansion leads to more.

이번 예산 확충이 복지 사업의 물꼬를 텄다.

Neutral

"손을 뻗다"

— To reach out. Used when expanding business or influence into new areas.

회사는 해외 시장으로 손을 뻗기 위해 인력을 확충했다.

Neutral

Facile à confondre

확충하다 vs 확장하다

Both mean 'expand'.

Hwakjang is for size/area (e.g., widening a road). Hwakchung is for sufficiency (e.g., adding more bus lines).

도로를 확장하다 (Widen the road) vs 도로망을 확충하다 (Expand the road network).

확충하다 vs 증설하다

Both involve adding more.

Jeungseol is specifically for physical equipment or facilities (e.g., adding machines). Hwakchung is more general (e.g., adding systems or people).

전화 회선을 증설하다 (Add more phone lines).

확충하다 vs 확대하다

Both mean 'make bigger'.

Hwakdae is often used for magnifying images, enlarging scope, or increasing the scale of a conflict.

지도를 확대하다 (Magnify the map).

확충하다 vs 보강하다

Both involve making something better/fuller.

Bogang is 'reinforcement' of a weak point. Hwakchung is 'expansion' to meet a whole new level of need.

수비력을 보강하다 (Reinforce the defense).

확충하다 vs 늘리다

General term for increase.

Neullida is the native Korean word; Hwakchunghada is the formal Hanja term. Neullida is used for time, weight, and general quantity.

시간을 늘리다 (Increase time).

Structures de phrases

N을/를 확충해야 합니다.

도서관을 확충해야 합니다.

N을/를 확충하고 있습니다.

인력을 확충하고 있습니다.

N 확충이 시급한 실정입니다.

시설 확충이 시급한 실정입니다.

N을/를 대폭 확충하기로 했습니다.

예산을 대폭 확충하기로 했습니다.

N 확충을 통해 V-고자 합니다.

인프라 확충을 통해 경제를 활성화하고자 합니다.

N 확충에 따른 부작용을 고려해야 한다.

시설 확충에 따른 예산 부족 문제를 고려해야 한다.

N의 획기적인 확충 없이는 N이 불가능하다.

인력의 획기적인 확충 없이는 성공이 불가능하다.

N 확충에 박차를 가함으로써 N에 대응하다.

병상 확충에 박차를 가함으로써 위기에 대응하다.

Famille de mots

Noms

확충 Expansion, augmentation

확충안 Expansion plan/proposal

확충비 Expansion costs

Verbes

확충되다 To be expanded/augmented (passive)

확충시키다 To cause to expand

Adjectifs

확충된 Expanded, augmented

Apparenté

확장 (Expansion of size)

충실 (Fullness/Substantiality)

보충 (Supplement)

충전 (Charging/Filling)

확대 (Magnification)

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

High in formal written/spoken Korean.

Erreurs courantes

Using it for physical widening of a single object. → 확장하다
확충 is for increasing the number of units or capacity of a system, not widening one thing.
Using it for knowledge or experience. → 넓히다 / 쌓다
Knowledge is not a facility or countable resource in the way '확충' implies.
Using it in very casual text messages. → 늘리다 / 더 뽑다
It sounds overly formal and stiff for casual texting.
Confusing it with '보충하다' (supplement). → 보충하다 (for small gaps)
보충 is for filling a small missing part; 확충 is for a large-scale expansion.
Forgetting the object marker. → 시설을 확충하다
It is a transitive verb and needs ~을/를.

Astuces

Context Matters

Use '확충하다' when the goal is to solve a shortage or meet a high demand.

Hanja Power

Remember 擴 (Expand) + 充 (Fill). This helps you remember it's about filling a capacity.

Formal Reports

In reports, use '확충이 시급하다' to express that expansion is urgently needed.

Professionalism

Using this word in an interview when talking about team growth will impress the interviewer.

News Keywords

Listen for '확충' during government briefings; it's a key word for new policies.

Object Markers

Always use ~을/를 with '확충하다' unless you are using the passive '확충되다' (~이/가).

Vs. 확장

If you are widening a road, use 확장. If you are adding more bus routes, use 확충.

Common Pairs

Memorize '인력 확충' and '시설 확충' as single units; they are extremely common.

Topic Identification

If a paragraph starts with '확충', the topic is likely about improving public services.

The 'Full' Expansion

Think of it as 'Full-pansion'—expanding until it is full and sufficient.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of 'Hwak' (Wide) and 'Choong' (Full). You make it 'Wide' and then 'Full' of resources. Hwak-Choong!

Association visuelle

Imagine a hospital with only 2 beds and 10 patients. Now imagine a crane 'expanding' the room and 'filling' it with 8 more beds. That is 확충.

Word Web

시설 (Facilities) 인원 (Personnel) 예산 (Budget) 인프라 (Infrastructure) 충분 (Sufficient) 증가 (Increase) 보완 (Supplement) 완성 (Completion)

Défi

Try to find one news article today in a Korean newspaper that uses '확충'. Look for sections on 'Society' or 'Economy'.

Origine du mot

Derived from Hanja (Sino-Korean characters). 擴 (넓힐 확) means 'to broaden/expand' and 充 (채울 충) means 'to fill/satisfy'.

Sens originel : To broaden and fill up; to make something extensive and substantial.

Sino-Korean

Contexte culturel

No specific sensitivities, but using it for personal items (like 'expanding my snack collection') sounds unnaturally formal and potentially sarcastic.

In English, we often just say 'expand' or 'hire more,' but '확충하다' is more formal, similar to 'augment' or 'bolster infrastructure.'

Government White Papers (백서) frequently use this word. News headlines like '응급실 병상 확충' are common during health crises. Corporate mission statements often include '인재 확충' (expanding talent).

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Government Policy

복지 시설 확충
예산 확충
인프라 확충
제도 확충

Corporate Strategy

인력 확충
설비 확충
연구 시설 확충
네트워크 확충

Healthcare

병상 확충
의료 인력 확충
백신 공급 확충
응급 체계 확충

Urban Planning

주차장 확충
공원 확충
도로망 확충
대중교통 확충

Education

교원 확충
교육 시설 확충
장학금 확충
도서 확충

Amorces de conversation

"최근에 우리 동네에 공원 시설이 많이 확충된 것 같아요. (It seems like the park facilities in our neighborhood have been expanded a lot lately.)"

"업무량이 너무 많은데, 인력을 좀 확충해야 하지 않을까요? (The workload is too much; shouldn't we expand the personnel?)"

"정부가 청년 주택을 확충한다는 소식 들으셨어요? (Did you hear the news that the government is expanding youth housing?)"

"우리 회사는 내년에 연구 설비를 확충할 계획이라고 합니다. (Our company plans to expand research equipment next year.)"

"병원을 더 짓는 것보다 기존 병원의 병상을 확충하는 게 빠를까요? (Is it faster to expand beds in existing hospitals than to build more hospitals?)"

Sujets d'écriture

우리 사회에서 가장 시급하게 확충해야 할 시설은 무엇이라고 생각합니까? (What facility do you think is most urgently needed to be expanded in our society?)

회사가 직원의 복지를 위해 어떤 제도를 확충하면 좋을지 써 보세요. (Write about what systems the company should expand for employee welfare.)

자신이 살고 있는 도시의 대중교통 확충 계획에 대해 평가해 보세요. (Evaluate the public transport expansion plan of the city you live in.)

만약 당신이 교육부 장관이라면, 학교의 어떤 부분을 확충하겠습니까? (If you were the Minister of Education, what part of the school would you expand?)

미래의 기후 변화에 대비하기 위해 어떤 인프라를 확충해야 할까요? (What infrastructure should be expanded to prepare for future climate change?)

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

It sounds a bit too formal. It's better to use '늘리다' or '모으다' for personal items. '확충하다' is usually for public or professional resources.

It can be! '인력을 확충하다' means to hire more people to expand the workforce to a sufficient level.

확장 is about making the physical space bigger (widening). 확충 is about adding more things (like beds or staff) to make the system work well.

Yes, '확충되다' is very common in news reports when describing facilities that have been added.

No, for knowledge or experience, use '넓히다' or '쌓다'.

Yes, it is a very common word in TOPIK II (Intermediate/Advanced) reading and writing sections.

대폭 (significantly), 지속적으로 (continuously), and 조속히 (promptly) are the most common.

Yes, '예산을 확충하다' (to expand/augment the budget) is a very common professional phrase.

Yes, '확충' (expansion/augmentation) is used very frequently in compound nouns like '시설 확충'.

No, it is generally positive as it implies making a system better and more sufficient for people's needs.

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