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A1 noun 11 min de lecture

국적

gukjeok
Exemples 국적 en 30 secondes
Explication 국적 in your Level:
At the A1 level, '국적' is introduced as a basic concept of belonging to a country. Learners understand it as their 'nationality' or where they are from. Sentences will be simple, like '저는 한국 국적입니다.' (I am of Korean nationality.) or '이것은 제 국적입니다.' (This is my nationality.). The focus is on recognizing the word and its most direct meaning in personal identification contexts. Examples will be limited to stating one's own nationality or identifying another person's nationality in very straightforward sentences. The emphasis is on understanding the word in its simplest form, often in relation to names of countries.
For A2 learners, '국적' is used in slightly more complex sentences and contexts. They can understand and use it when asking basic questions about nationality, such as '국적이 어떻게 되세요?' (What is your nationality?). They will also encounter it in simple statements about travel or official documents, like '여권에 국적이 적혀 있어요.' (Nationality is written in the passport.). The understanding expands to include basic interactions related to nationality, such as filling out simple forms or understanding visa information at a very elementary level. The concept of nationality starts to be linked to practical situations like travel.
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At the B1 level, learners can use '국적' more flexibly in discussions. They can express their nationality, ask about others', and understand its use in contexts like immigration, international news, or when discussing cultural backgrounds. They can form sentences like '저는 다른 나라의 국적을 취득하는 것에 관심이 있습니다.' (I am interested in acquiring the nationality of another country.). They can also understand discussions about dual nationality in simple terms. The word is integrated into more natural conversations and written texts, showing a solid grasp of its meaning and common usage patterns.
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B2 learners can use '국적' with greater nuance and in more complex sentence structures. They can discuss issues related to nationality, citizenship laws, and international relations with more sophistication. They can comprehend texts that use '국적' in legal, political, or social commentary. For example, they might understand a sentence like '복수 국적 허용 범위에 대한 논의가 활발합니다.' (Discussions about the scope of allowing multiple nationalities are active.). They can also differentiate '국적' from related concepts like ethnicity or origin more clearly.
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At the C1 level, '국적' is used in sophisticated language, including abstract discussions and formal writing. Learners can analyze the socio-political implications of nationality and citizenship. They can understand and produce complex arguments about immigration, national identity, and global citizenship, employing '국적' precisely. For instance, they might interpret a sentence like '국적법 개정안이 사회 통합에 미칠 영향에 대해 전문가들이 분석하고 있습니다.' (Experts are analyzing the impact of the nationality law amendment on social integration.). The word is used with a full understanding of its legal, social, and cultural dimensions.
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C2 learners have a complete mastery of '국적'. They can use it in any context, from casual conversation to highly specialized academic or legal discourse, with perfect accuracy and naturalness. They understand all connotations and subtle uses of the word. They can engage in debates or write essays on topics like statelessness, supranational identity, or the historical evolution of nationality, using '국적' with expert-level precision and insight. Their usage reflects a deep understanding of the concept in global and historical perspectives.
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Exemples

국적 en 30 secondes

  • Nationality: The country you are a citizen of.
  • Legal status of belonging to a nation.
  • Essential for passports, travel, and official documents.
  • Can be Korean, American, Japanese, etc.
Core Meaning
The word '국적' (gukjeok) in Korean refers to one's nationality. It is the status of belonging to a particular nation, indicating the country of which a person is a legal citizen. This status often comes with rights and responsibilities within that nation.
Legal and Social Significance
'국적' is a crucial piece of information in many official contexts, such as for travel documents like passports, for legal identification, for voting rights, and for determining eligibility for certain social services or military service. It's not just a label; it signifies a legal and often cultural affiliation with a country. In everyday conversation, people use '국적' to discuss where they or others are from, especially when there's a need for clarification or when discussing international matters.
International Contexts
When people travel abroad, their '국적' is fundamental to immigration procedures. For instance, visa requirements and entry permissions are often based on a person's nationality. Similarly, in international sports or academic competitions, participants represent their country of '국적'. The concept of dual nationality is also relevant, where an individual holds the '국적' of more than one country. This word is essential for understanding global interactions and individual identities within a world of nations.
Beyond Citizenship
While '국적' primarily means nationality, it can sometimes be used more broadly to imply a sense of belonging or cultural identification, though this is less common and might be better expressed with other words. However, in its most direct and frequent usage, it's about legal citizenship. For example, when filling out forms, you'll often see a field for '국적'. When introducing yourself to someone from another country, you might state your '국적' to help them understand your background. It's a fundamental aspect of personal identification in a globalized world.

저는 한국 국적을 가지고 있습니다.

I have Korean nationality.

그녀는 미국 국적을 가진 사람입니다.

She is a person with American nationality.

여권에는 국적이 명시되어 있습니다.

Nationality is specified on the passport.

Stating Your Nationality
The most straightforward use of '국적' is to state one's own nationality or that of someone else. This is often done in introductions, when filling out forms, or in discussions about origin. You can say '저는 [Country Name] 국적입니다' (I am of [Country Name] nationality) or '[Person's Name]은/는 [Country Name] 국적입니다' ([Person's Name] is of [Country Name] nationality). For example, '저는 캐나다 국적입니다.' (I am of Canadian nationality.)
Asking About Nationality
You can ask about someone's nationality using phrases like '국적이 어떻게 되세요?' (What is your nationality?) or more informally, '어느 나라 사람이에요?' (What country are you from?). The former is more direct and uses the word '국적'. For instance, '실례지만, 국적이 어떻게 되세요?' (Excuse me, but what is your nationality?).
Nationality in Official Documents
In administrative and legal contexts, '국적' is a standard term. You'll find it on application forms, immigration documents, and identification cards. For example, '신청서에 국적을 기입해야 합니다.' (You must fill in your nationality on the application form.) This usage emphasizes the legal aspect of belonging to a nation.
Discussing Dual Nationality
The concept of having more than one nationality is also discussed using this word. For example, '그는 두 개의 국적을 가지고 있습니다.' (He has two nationalities.) or '복수 국적' (multiple nationalities) is a common term. This highlights that '국적' refers to the legal status of citizenship.
International Relations and Travel
When discussing international travel or relations, '국적' is frequently used. For example, '여행 시에는 국적별로 비자 규정이 다릅니다.' (Visa regulations differ by nationality when traveling.) or '스포츠 경기에서 선수들은 자신의 국적을 대표합니다.' (In sports competitions, athletes represent their nationality.)

제 국적은 대한민국입니다.

My nationality is the Republic of Korea.

외국인 등록 시 국적을 확인합니다.

Nationality is checked during alien registration.

그녀는 어떤 국적을 가지고 있나요?

What nationality does she have?

Government and Official Settings
You will frequently encounter '국적' in government offices, immigration centers, and during any official administrative process. When applying for visas, residency permits, or any form of identification, your '국적' is a primary piece of information requested. This includes filling out forms for passports, driver's licenses (if applicable to foreigners), and registration documents. News reports about immigration policies, international treaties, or diplomatic relations will also use this term.
International Travel and Airports
At airports, especially during check-in, security, and immigration, your '국적' is paramount. Announcements might refer to nationality-based queues or procedures. Conversations between travelers and airline staff or immigration officers will often involve questions about nationality. For instance, 'Please present your passport and state your nationality.' is a common scenario where '국적' is the relevant concept.
Educational Institutions
Schools and universities, particularly those with international student programs, will regularly use '국적' on application forms and student records. When discussing demographics or student diversity, professors or administrators might mention the different nationalities present in the student body. International student orientation sessions will also cover topics related to maintaining legal status based on one's '국적'.
Business and Employment
In the context of hiring international employees, companies will need to know the applicant's '국적' for legal and logistical reasons, such as work permits and visa sponsorship. Human resources departments will deal with this information regularly. Discussions about global business ventures or international partnerships might also touch upon the nationalities of the people involved.
Social Gatherings and Introductions
In casual social settings, especially when meeting people from different backgrounds, asking about nationality can be a way to break the ice or understand someone's cultural context. While '어느 나라 사람이에요?' (What country are you from?) is more common and friendlier, in slightly more formal introductions or when a precise answer is needed, '국적' might come up. For example, at an international event, someone might say, '저희 모임에는 다양한 국적의 사람들이 참여하고 있습니다.' (People of various nationalities are participating in our gathering.)

공항에서 국적별로 줄을 서시오.

Please line up by nationality at the airport.

지원서에 본인의 국적을 정확히 기입하세요.

Please accurately fill in your nationality on the application form.

우리 회사에는 여러 국적의 직원들이 있습니다.

Our company has employees of various nationalities.

Confusing '국적' with '나라' (Country)
A common mistake for beginners is to use '국적' interchangeably with '나라' (nara), which simply means 'country'. While related, they are not the same. '나라' refers to the geographical and political entity, whereas '국적' refers to the legal status of belonging to that entity. For example, you would say '저는 한국이라는 나라에 삽니다.' (I live in the country called Korea.), not '저는 한국이라는 국적에 삽니다.' (I live in the nationality called Korea.). Similarly, you would ask '어느 나라에서 오셨어요?' (Which country did you come from?), not '어느 국적에서 오셨어요?' (Which nationality did you come from?).
Incorrect Verb Usage
Learners might incorrectly use verbs with '국적' that don't fit. For instance, saying '국적을 한다' (to do nationality) is grammatically incorrect. The correct verbs to use with '국적' are typically '가지다' (to have), '있다' (to exist/have), '되다' (to become), or '취득하다' (to acquire). So, you would say '저는 미국 국적을 가지고 있습니다.' (I have American nationality.) or '그는 한국 국적이 되었습니다.' (He became a Korean national.).
Overusing '국적' in Casual Conversation
While '국적' is the correct term for nationality, in very casual settings, especially when simply asking about someone's origin, using phrases like '어느 나라 사람이에요?' (What country are you from?) or '어디에서 오셨어요?' (Where are you from?) can sound more natural and less formal than directly asking '국적이 어떻게 되세요?' (What is your nationality?). Using '국적' too frequently in informal chats might sound overly official or even a bit blunt.
Misunderstanding Dual Nationality
Some learners might struggle with how to express dual nationality. While '두 개의 국적' (two nationalities) is correct, they might try to phrase it in ways that are not standard. A more nuanced way to express this is '복수 국적자' (person with multiple nationalities) or simply stating that one holds the nationality of two countries. For example, '저는 한국과 캐나다 두 국적을 가지고 있습니다.' (I have both Korean and Canadian nationalities.) is a clear way to state this.
Confusing with Ethnicity or Race
It's important to remember that '국적' refers to legal citizenship, not ethnicity or race. While often correlated, they are distinct. For instance, someone might have German '국적' but be ethnically Turkish. Or, a person born in Korea might have acquired American '국적' and no longer hold Korean citizenship. Using '국적' when you mean ethnicity can lead to misunderstandings.

Correct: 저는 미국 국적을 가지고 있습니다. (I have American nationality.)

Incorrect: 저는 미국 국적을 합니다. (I do American nationality.)

Correct: 어느 나라 사람이에요? (What country are you from? - Casual)

Less Natural in Casual: 국적이 어떻게 되세요? (What is your nationality? - More Formal)

나라 (Nara) - Country
This is the most common alternative when referring to a nation in a general sense. '나라' refers to the land, the people, and the political entity. You use '나라' when talking about a country's geography, culture, or economy. For example, '한국은 아름다운 나라입니다.' (Korea is a beautiful country.) Here, '국적' would not be appropriate. When asking someone where they are from, '어느 나라에서 오셨어요?' (Which country did you come from?) is a natural question using '나라'.
사람 (Saram) - Person/People (often used with country names)
While not a direct synonym, '나라 사람' (country person) is a very common and natural way to refer to someone's nationality in everyday conversation. For instance, '저는 미국 사람입니다.' (I am an American person.) is equivalent to saying '저는 미국 국적입니다.' (I am of American nationality.) but is more informal and frequently used. You might ask '어느 나라 사람이에요?' (What country person are you? / What country are you from?).
출신 (Chulsin) - Origin/Hometown/Alma Mater
'출신' refers to one's origin, which can be a hometown, a school, or even a country. It's used to indicate where someone comes from or what background they have. For example, '그는 서울 출신입니다.' (He is from Seoul.) or '저는 한국 출신입니다.' (I am from Korea.) This is similar to '나라 사람' but can be broader. It's less about legal status and more about where one identifies their roots from. You might ask '출신이 어디세요?' (Where is your origin/hometown?).
민족 (Minjok) - Ethnic Group/Nation (in a broader sense)
'민족' refers to an ethnic group or a nation in a broader, often cultural or historical sense, rather than legal citizenship. For example, Koreans are considered one '민족' even if they have different nationalities. While related to national identity, it's distinct from legal '국적'. You wouldn't typically use '민족' to fill out an immigration form. It's more about shared heritage and identity.
시민권 (Simingwon) - Citizenship
'시민권' specifically means 'citizenship', which is very close in meaning to '국적' and often used interchangeably in contexts discussing legal status. '국적' is perhaps slightly more common when simply stating one's nationality, while '시민권' might be used more when discussing the process of acquiring or losing citizenship, or the rights and duties associated with it. For example, '미국 시민권을 취득했습니다.' (I acquired American citizenship.) is similar to '미국 국적을 취득했습니다.' (I acquired American nationality.).

Comparison: 국적 (Nationality) vs. 나라 (Country)

저는 한국 국적입니다. (I am of Korean nationality.) - Legal status.

한국은 아름다운 나라입니다. (Korea is a beautiful country.) - Place/Entity.

Comparison: 국적 (Nationality) vs. 사람 (Person)

저는 일본 국적입니다. (I am of Japanese nationality.) - Formal/Legal.

저는 일본 사람입니다. (I am Japanese.) - Casual/Common.

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Exemples par niveau

1

저는 한국 국적입니다.

I am Korean nationality.

'국적' is a noun. '-입니다' is a formal ending for stating facts.

2

그는 미국 국적이에요.

He is American nationality.

'-이에요' is an informal ending for stating facts.

3

이것은 제 국적입니다.

This is my nationality.

'제' means 'my'.

4

당신의 국적은 무엇입니까?

What is your nationality?

'무엇입니까?' is a formal way to ask 'what is it?'

5

그녀는 일본 국적을 가지고 있어요.

She has Japanese nationality.

'가지고 있어요' means 'has' or 'possesses'.

6

우리 국적은 같습니다.

Our nationality is the same.

'같습니다' means 'is the same'.

7

새로운 국적을 얻었습니다.

I obtained new nationality.

'얻었습니다' means 'obtained' or 'got'.

8

이 서류에 국적을 쓰세요.

Write your nationality on this document.

'쓰세요' is a polite command form of 'to write'.

1

제 국적은 캐나다입니다.

My nationality is Canada.

Using the country name directly as nationality is common.

2

외국인 등록 시 국적을 확인해야 합니다.

When registering as a foreigner, you must check your nationality.

'확인해야 합니다' means 'must check'.

3

그는 두 개의 국적을 가지고 있어요.

He has two nationalities.

Expressing dual nationality.

4

어떤 국적을 원하십니까?

What nationality do you want?

'원하십니까?' is a polite way to ask 'do you want?'

5

국적 변경 절차는 복잡합니다.

The procedure for changing nationality is complicated.

'변경' means 'change', '절차' means 'procedure'.

6

여행 서류에 국적을 기입하는 것이 필수입니다.

It is essential to fill in your nationality on travel documents.

'필수입니다' means 'is essential'.

7

그녀는 멕시코 국적을 가진 예술가입니다.

She is an artist with Mexican nationality.

Using '국적을 가진' to describe someone.

8

국적에 따라 비자 요구 사항이 다를 수 있습니다.

Visa requirements may differ depending on nationality.

'~에 따라' means 'depending on'.

1

저는 한국과 미국, 두 개의 국적을 가지고 있습니다.

I have two nationalities, Korean and American.

Clearly stating dual nationality.

2

새로운 나라의 국적을 취득하기 위해 노력하고 있습니다.

I am working hard to acquire the nationality of a new country.

'취득하다' means 'to acquire', '노력하고 있습니다' means 'am working hard'.

3

그는 자신의 국적을 숨기려고 했습니다.

He tried to hide his nationality.

'숨기려고 했습니다' means 'tried to hide'.

4

국적 불명으로 인해 입국이 거부되었습니다.

Entry was refused due to unknown nationality.

'국적 불명' means 'nationality unknown', '거부되었습니다' means 'was refused'.

5

이 국제 회의에는 다양한 국적의 사람들이 참여했습니다.

People of various nationalities participated in this international conference.

'다양한' means 'various'.

6

영주권 취득은 국적 변경과는 다른 문제입니다.

Obtaining permanent residency is a different issue from changing nationality.

'영주권' means 'permanent residency'.

7

어릴 때 다른 나라로 이민 가서 국적이 바뀌었습니다.

I immigrated to another country when I was young, and my nationality changed.

'이민 가서' means 'immigrated and...'

8

그녀는 자신의 문화적 배경과 국적 사이에서 정체성 혼란을 겪고 있습니다.

She is experiencing an identity crisis between her cultural background and her nationality.

'정체성 혼란' means 'identity crisis'.

1

그는 복수 국적을 포기하고 특정 국가의 국적만을 유지하기로 결정했습니다.

He decided to renounce his multiple nationalities and maintain only the nationality of a specific country.

'복수 국적' (multiple nationalities), '포기하고' (renounce and...).

2

국적법 개정안이 사회 통합에 미칠 영향에 대한 논의가 진행 중입니다.

Discussions are underway regarding the impact of the nationality law amendment on social integration.

'국적법' (nationality law), '개정안' (amendment bill), '사회 통합' (social integration).

3

많은 사람들이 더 나은 기회를 찾아 국적을 바꾸는 것을 고려합니다.

Many people consider changing their nationality in search of better opportunities.

'더 나은 기회' (better opportunities), '고려합니다' (consider).

4

그녀는 자신의 예술을 통해 국적과 인종의 경계를 초월하고자 합니다.

She aims to transcend the boundaries of nationality and race through her art.

'경계를 초월하고자 합니다' (aims to transcend boundaries).

5

국적 취득 요건은 국가마다 상이하므로 면밀한 검토가 필요합니다.

The requirements for acquiring nationality vary by country, so careful review is necessary.

'상이하므로' (as they differ), '면밀한 검토' (careful review).

6

난민들은 종종 국적을 증명할 서류가 부족하여 어려움을 겪습니다.

Refugees often face difficulties due to a lack of documents proving their nationality.

'난민' (refugees), '서류가 부족하여' (due to a lack of documents).

7

그는 자신의 모국과 새로운 국적 사이에서 복잡한 감정을 느꼈습니다.

He felt complex emotions between his home country and his new nationality.

'모국' (mother country/home country).

8

귀화 절차를 통해 한국 국적을 얻는 것은 많은 외국인들에게 중요한 목표입니다.

Obtaining Korean nationality through the naturalization process is an important goal for many foreigners.

'귀화 절차' (naturalization process).

1

국적법 개정으로 인해 복수 국적자의 권리 및 의무에 대한 재해석이 요구되고 있다.

Due to the amendment of the nationality law, a reinterpretation of the rights and obligations of individuals with multiple nationalities is being demanded.

'재해석' (reinterpretation), '권리 및 의무' (rights and obligations).

2

글로벌 시대에 국적은 개인의 정체성을 규정하는 유일한 척도가 되기 어렵다.

In the global era, nationality is difficult to become the sole measure defining an individual's identity.

'유일한 척도' (sole measure), '규정하는' (defining).

3

이중 국적 보유자에 대한 사회적 인식 변화와 법적 지위의 명확화가 시급한 과제이다.

A change in social perception towards dual nationality holders and clarification of their legal status are urgent tasks.

'이중 국적 보유자' (dual nationality holder), '명확화' (clarification).

4

국적 없는 사람들, 즉 무국적자 문제 해결을 위한 국제사회의 노력이 절실하다.

The international community's efforts to solve the problem of people without nationality, i.e., stateless persons, are desperately needed.

'무국적자' (stateless person), '절실하다' (is desperate/crucial).

5

문화적 동질성보다는 법적 국적에 기반한 국가 운영 방식에 대한 비판적 성찰이 필요하다.

Critical reflection is needed on the model of state operation based on legal nationality rather than cultural homogeneity.

'문화적 동질성' (cultural homogeneity), '비판적 성찰' (critical reflection).

6

국적 선택의 자유는 기본 인권으로 보장되어야 한다는 주장이 제기되고 있다.

The argument is being raised that the freedom to choose one's nationality should be guaranteed as a fundamental human right.

'기본 인권' (fundamental human right), '보장되어야 한다' (should be guaranteed).

7

그의 작품은 국적의 경계를 넘어 보편적인 인간애를 탐구한다.

His/Her works explore universal humanism beyond the boundaries of nationality.

'보편적인 인간애' (universal humanism).

8

국적법의 복잡성은 때때로 개인의 법적 지위를 모호하게 만들 수 있다.

The complexity of nationality law can sometimes make an individual's legal status ambiguous.

'모호하게 만들 수 있다' (can make ambiguous).

1

세계화 시대의 도래로 국적의 개념은 더욱 유동적이고 다층적으로 해석될 여지가 많아졌다.

With the advent of the globalization era, the concept of nationality has become more fluid and has ample room for multi-layered interpretation.

'유동적이고 다층적으로 해석될 여지' (fluid and with ample room for multi-layered interpretation).

2

그의 에세이는 국적과 문화적 정체성 사이의 복잡한 상호작용을 심도 있게 분석한다.

His/Her essay deeply analyzes the complex interplay between nationality and cultural identity.

'상호작용' (interplay/interaction), '심도 있게 분석한다' (deeply analyzes).

3

국적 박탈은 극단적인 경우에만 적용되어야 하는 형벌적 성격을 띤다.

Deprivation of nationality should only be applied in extreme cases and carries a punitive character.

'국적 박탈' (deprivation of nationality), '형벌적 성격' (punitive character).

4

국적을 초월한 인류애의 실현은 이상적인 목표이지만, 현실적인 과제 또한 산적해 있다.

The realization of humanity transcending nationality is an idealistic goal, but realistic challenges also abound.

'초월한 인류애' (humanity transcending), '산적해 있다' (abound/are piled up).

5

탈국가적(deterritorialized) 존재론적 관점에서 국적의 의미를 재고찰할 필요가 있다.

There is a need to reconsider the meaning of nationality from a deterritorialized ontological perspective.

'탈국가적 존재론적 관점' (deterritorialized ontological perspective).

6

국적을 매개로 한 국가 간의 관계는 역사적으로 복잡한 양상을 보여왔다.

Inter-state relations mediated by nationality have historically shown complex patterns.

'매개로 한' (mediated by), '복잡한 양상' (complex patterns).

7

그의 법적 지위는 복잡한 국적법 해석에 따라 달라질 수 있는 여지를 남긴다.

His/Her legal status leaves room for change depending on the interpretation of complex nationality laws.

'해석에 따라 달라질 수 있는 여지' (room for change depending on interpretation).

8

국적의 귀속과 이탈은 개인의 삶뿐만 아니라 국제 정치에도 지대한 영향을 미친다.

The acquisition and renunciation of nationality have profound effects not only on an individual's life but also on international politics.

'귀속과 이탈' (acquisition and renunciation), '지대한 영향' (profound effects).

Collocations courantes

국적을 가지다
국적을 바꾸다
국적을 취득하다
국적을 포기하다
국적을 확인하다
국적 불명
이중 국적
복수 국적
국적 관련
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