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B1 verb #1,200 le plus courant 10 min de lecture

계획하다

Q: How do I say 'Everything went as planned'?

모든 것이 계획대로 됐어요.

gyehwekada Top 1,200

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces 계획하다 en 30 secondes

Explication 계획하다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you are just starting to talk about the future. While '계획하다' might be a bit advanced for a total beginner, you can start by understanding it as 'to plan'. At this stage, you mostly use simple verbs like '가요' (go) or '먹어요' (eat). However, learning '계획' as a noun is very helpful. You can say '계획이 있어요' (I have a plan). This is a simple way to express that you are not free or that you have something scheduled. You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet. Just think of it as a way to say you have something to do. For example, if a friend asks 'What are you doing tomorrow?', you can say '계획이 있어요' to mean 'I have plans'. This level focuses on recognizing the word and using it in its simplest noun form. You might also see it in very basic sentences like '여행 계획' (travel plan). Understanding that '하다' turns the noun into a verb is a great first step into Korean grammar. Even at A1, knowing this word helps you understand that Korean often builds verbs from nouns, which is a key pattern you will see everywhere. Focus on the sound 'gye-hoek' and associate it with a calendar or a to-do list. Don't worry about the Hanja yet, just focus on the basic meaning of 'having a plan'.

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At the A2 level, you can begin to use '계획하다' in simple sentences to talk about your daily life and future intentions. You are moving beyond just saying 'I have a plan' to saying 'I am planning something'. You will likely use the structure '[Noun]을/를 계획하다'. For example, '주말 여행을 계획해요' (I plan a weekend trip). This is a great way to practice your object particles (을/를). You can also start using the past tense '계획했어요' to talk about things you have already decided. '어제 친구랑 만날 계획을 했어요' (Yesterday, I planned to meet a friend). At this level, you are also learning how to connect verbs. You might start seeing '-(으)려고 계획하다' (planning to do something). Even if you can't produce it perfectly yet, recognizing it is important. You are also learning more vocabulary that goes with planning, like '내일' (tomorrow), '다음 주' (next week), and '방학' (vacation). Using '계획하다' helps you sound more organized and clear about your intentions. It's a step up from just using the future tense '-ㄹ 거예요', as it shows you are actually thinking about the steps involved. Practice by writing a simple three-sentence plan for your next weekend using this verb. This will help solidify the connection between the noun and the verb form in your mind.

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At the B1 level, '계획하다' becomes an essential part of your vocabulary. This is the level where you are expected to describe goals, dreams, and schedules in more detail, which is why it's so important for exams like IELTS or TOPIK. You should be comfortable using '-(으)려고 계획하고 있다' to describe ongoing plans. For example, '졸업 후에 대학원에 가려고 계획하고 있어요' (I am planning to go to graduate school after graduation). This shows a higher level of grammatical control. You also start to understand the nuance between '계획하다' and other similar words like '준비하다' (to prepare). You can use adverbs to make your sentences more descriptive, such as '꼼꼼하게 계획하다' (to plan meticulously) or '미리 계획하다' (to plan in advance). At B1, you are also likely to encounter this word in reading passages about travel, work, or self-improvement. You should be able to answer questions about what someone is planning to do. This is also the stage where you start to see the noun '계획' used with other verbs like '세우다' (to set/make) or '취소하다' (to cancel). Being able to say '계획을 세웠지만 취소했어요' (I made a plan but cancelled it) is a classic B1-level sentence that combines multiple grammar points and vocabulary. You are now using the word to navigate more complex social and professional situations.

At the B2 level, you use '계획하다' with much more precision and in more formal contexts. You understand that in a professional setting, '계획하다' is often replaced by '기획하다' for projects or '구상하다' for creative ideas, and you can choose the right word for the situation. You are comfortable using the formal '-을 계획이다' structure, which is common in news and official documents. For example, '회사는 내년에 해외 시장 진출을 계획하고 있습니다' (The company is planning to enter the overseas market next year). You can also use the word in the passive or more complex forms, like '계획된 대로' (as planned). This allows you to discuss whether things are going according to schedule. You can participate in debates or discussions about the importance of planning versus spontaneity. Your sentences are longer and include more specific details: '정부는 심각한 교통 문제를 해결하기 위해 새로운 지하철 노선 건설을 계획하고 있습니다' (The government is planning the construction of a new subway line to solve serious traffic problems). At this level, you also recognize the cultural weight of the word—how planning is tied to the Korean concept of 'diligence' (성실). You can use the word to express not just what you will do, but how you have strategically thought about it. This level of mastery is what distinguishes an upper-intermediate learner from a basic one.

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At the C1 level, your use of '계획하다' is sophisticated and nuanced. You can use it to discuss abstract concepts, long-term strategic visions, and complex socio-political issues. You are aware of the subtle differences between '계획하다', '입안하다' (to draft a plan/policy), and '도모하다' (to aim for/promote). You can use the word in academic writing to describe research design or in business to describe high-level strategic planning. For example, '이 연구는 다각적인 분석을 통해 도시 재생을 계획하는 것을 목적으로 합니다' (This study aims to plan urban regeneration through multi-faceted analysis). You can also use the word to discuss the philosophy of planning—the tension between human agency and unpredictable external factors. You are comfortable with idiomatic expressions related to planning, such as '계획이 수포로 돌아가다' (the plan went down the drain). Your listening skills are sharp enough to catch the word even in fast-paced news broadcasts or technical lectures. You can analyze how the word is used to frame political promises or corporate goals. At C1, '계획하다' is not just a verb you use; it's a tool you use to construct complex arguments and narratives about the future. You can also use the word to critique plans, using adverbs like '부실하게' (poorly) or '비현실적으로' (unrealistically) to add evaluative depth to your speech and writing.

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At the C2 level, you have a near-native command of '계획하다' and its entire semantic field. You can use the word with total ease in any context, from a casual chat about dinner to a high-level diplomatic negotiation. You understand the historical and Hanja roots of the word deeply, which allows you to appreciate its use in classical or formal literature. You can use the word to discuss macro-level concepts like '국가 경제 개발 5개년 계획' (Five-Year National Economic Development Plan) and its impact on modern Korean history. Your usage is characterized by perfect collocations and an intuitive sense of register. You can use '계획하다' to express irony, sarcasm, or profound strategic intent. For example, in a literary context, you might describe a character '계획적으로' (deliberately/premeditatedly) taking an action that changes the course of a story. You can seamlessly switch between '계획하다' and its many synonyms to avoid repetition and add stylistic flair to your writing. You are also capable of explaining the nuances of the word to others, including its cultural implications in a 'J' (judging/planning) dominant society like Korea. At this level, the word is a fully integrated part of your linguistic repertoire, used with the same precision and flexibility as a highly educated native speaker. You can handle any task involving this word, whether it's translating a complex legal document or giving a keynote speech on future trends.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

계획하다 en 30 secondes

계획하다 means 'to plan'. It is a versatile verb used for personal, professional, and academic intentions.
It is formed from the noun 계획 (plan) and the verb 하다 (to do), meaning 'to make a plan'.
Commonly used with -(으)려고 to express the intention to do something specific in the future.
Essential for B1 learners to describe goals, schedules, and organized future actions in formal and informal settings.

The Korean verb 계획하다 (gye-hoek-ha-da) is a cornerstone of daily communication, representing the cognitive and practical process of organizing future actions. Derived from the Hanja characters 計 (계 - to calculate/measure) and 劃 (획 - to draw/divide), the word literally translates to 'calculating and drawing a boundary' for one's time or resources. This etymological root suggests a level of precision and intentionality that goes beyond mere wishing or thinking. In the context of Korean society, which often values meticulous preparation and collective coordination, 계획하다 is used in everything from personal study schedules to massive corporate strategies.

Formal Context: In professional environments, this verb is used to describe the formulation of business strategies, project timelines, and policy implementations. It implies a systematic approach where goals are defined and steps are mapped out.

우리는 내년도 사업 확장을 계획하고 있습니다. (We are planning a business expansion for next year.)

When you use 계획하다, you are signaling to your listener that you have moved past the stage of 'maybe' and into the stage of 'how'. It is the bridge between a dream and a reality. For instance, if you say 'I want to go to Jeju' (제주도에 가고 싶어요), it is a desire. If you say 'I am planning to go to Jeju' (제주도 여행을 계획하고 있어요), it implies you might be looking at flights, booking hotels, or at least setting aside specific dates. This distinction is crucial for English speakers to grasp, as it helps convey the correct level of commitment to an idea.

Personal Context: In daily life, Koreans use this to talk about weekend trips, study plans (공부 계획), or even diet plans. It is often paired with the noun form '계획' to say '계획을 세우다' (to make/set a plan).

이번 주말에는 친구와 캠핑을 계획하고 있어요. (I am planning a camping trip with a friend this weekend.)

Furthermore, the word carries a nuance of responsibility. In a culture that emphasizes 'Palli-Palli' (hurry-hurry) but also 'Cheol-jeo-han' (thorough) preparation, being someone who can 계획하다 effectively is seen as a sign of maturity and competence. Whether you are an IELTS student discussing your future goals or a traveler navigating Seoul, mastering this verb allows you to articulate your agency and foresight in a way that resonates with Korean linguistic norms.

인생을 장기적으로 계획하는 것은 중요합니다. (Planning your life long-term is important.)

Academic Context: Students use this verb to describe their curriculum choices or research methodologies. It is a staple in academic writing to describe the 'planned' scope of a study.

실험의 모든 단계를 세밀하게 계획했습니다. (I planned every step of the experiment in detail.)

In summary, 계획하다 is more than just 'to plan'; it is an expression of one's active engagement with the future. It encompasses the mental labor of foresight and the practical labor of organization, making it an indispensable tool for any Korean learner aiming for B1 proficiency and beyond.

Using 계획하다 correctly requires understanding its grammatical flexibility. As a 'Noun + 하다' verb, it can take direct objects or be used in complex sentence structures to express intentions. The most basic form is [Noun]을/를 계획하다, which means 'to plan [something]'. This is common for tangible events like trips, parties, or meetings.

Direct Object Pattern: [Noun] + 을/를 + 계획하다. This is the most straightforward way to use the verb.

우리는 가족 여행을 계획하고 있어요. (We are planning a family trip.)

However, when you want to say 'I plan TO [verb]', the structure changes. You can use -(으)려고 계획하다 or -기로 계획하다. The former emphasizes the intention or purpose, while the latter feels a bit more like a firm decision or a set appointment. For intermediate learners, -(으)려고 계획하다 is the most natural way to express ongoing planning for a future action.

졸업 후에 한국에서 일하려고 계획하고 있습니다. (I am planning to work in Korea after graduation.)

Another common variation is using the noun form 계획 with the copula 이다 (to be). The pattern -을/ㄹ 계획이다 (It is the plan to...) is extremely frequent in news reports and formal announcements. It sounds slightly more objective and finalized than 계획하다. For example, '정부는 새로운 법을 시행할 계획입니다' (The government plans to implement a new law) sounds very official.

Formal/Objective Pattern: [Verb Stem] + -(으)ㄹ 계획이다. This is used for scheduled events or official intentions.

내일 오후에 회의를 열 계획입니다. (It is the plan to hold a meeting tomorrow afternoon.)

In conversation, you will often hear the progressive form -고 있다 attached to the verb: 계획하고 있어요. This emphasizes that the planning process is currently happening. If you say 계획했어요 (past tense), it means the plan is already finished and set. This distinction is important for managing expectations in social and professional interactions.

Lastly, consider the adverbs that often accompany this verb. Words like 치밀하게 (meticulously), 미리 (in advance), and 철저히 (thoroughly) add depth to your sentences. For example, '미리 계획하는 것이 좋아요' (It is good to plan in advance) is a common piece of advice in Korea. By combining these adverbs with the various grammatical structures, you can express a wide range of planning-related concepts with nuance and accuracy.

You will encounter 계획하다 in a variety of real-world settings in Korea. One of the most common places is the workplace. During Monday morning meetings (주간 회의), managers and team members will constantly use this verb to outline their tasks for the week. It is the language of productivity and corporate alignment. If you are working in a Korean office, being able to say '이번 분기 목표를 계획했습니다' (I have planned this quarter's goals) is essential.

The Workplace: Used for project management, scheduling, and goal setting. It often appears in emails and reports.

신제품 출시 행사를 어떻게 계획하고 있나요? (How are you planning the new product launch event?)

Another major arena for this word is the travel industry. Whether you are watching a travel vlog on YouTube or talking to a travel agent, 계획하다 is the standard term for itinerary building. In Korea, 'freedom travel' (자유 여행) often involves meticulous planning of every meal and photo spot, so you will hear people say '일정을 꼼꼼하게 계획했어요' (I planned the itinerary meticulously).

In educational settings, students are constantly encouraged to 계획하다. From elementary schoolers making 'summer vacation plans' (방학 계획) to university students planning their career paths, the word is synonymous with self-improvement and discipline. You will see it on planners, apps, and motivational posters. A common phrase is '계획하는 습관' (the habit of planning), which is touted as a key to success.

Education & Self-Help: Used in the context of study schedules, time management, and life goals.

시험 공부를 위해 일일 계획을 계획했습니다. (I planned a daily schedule for exam study.)

Finally, you will hear it in the news and media. When the government announces new urban developments, environmental policies, or economic reforms, they use the formal -을 계획이다 or 계획하고 있다. This gives the announcement a sense of authority and structured intent. For example, '서울시는 새로운 공원을 조성할 계획입니다' (Seoul City plans to create a new park). Hearing this word in the news helps you understand the future direction of the country or city you are in.

정부는 탄소 중립을 위한 정책을 계획하고 있습니다. (The government is planning policies for carbon neutrality.)

In essence, 계획하다 is ubiquitous because it touches on the fundamental human activity of looking forward. Whether it's a small personal task or a large-scale national project, this word is the linguistic vehicle for that forward-looking energy.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when using 계획하다 is using it for spontaneous or immediate intentions. In English, we often say 'I plan to go to the store now,' but in Korean, 계획하다 implies a more formal or deliberate process. If you are just about to do something, use -ㄹ게요 or -려고 해요 instead. Using 계획하다 for small, immediate actions can sound overly dramatic or unnaturally stiff.

Mistake 1: Spontaneity: Using '계획하다' for things like 'I plan to drink water.' It sounds like you've written a 5-page proposal for a glass of water.

Incorrect: 지금 물을 마시려고 계획해요. (I plan to drink water now.)
Correct: 지금 물 좀 마실게요. (I'll drink some water now.)

Another common error is confusing 계획하다 with 준비하다 (to prepare). While they are related, 계획하다 is the mental act of deciding what to do, while 준비하다 is the physical act of getting things ready. You plan a trip (계획하다) and then you pack your bags (준비하다). If you say you are 'planning' your suitcase, a Korean speaker might think you are designing the suitcase itself rather than packing it.

Learners also struggle with the particles. Remember that 계획 is a noun, and 하다 makes it a verb. Sometimes learners forget the object particle 을/를 when using the noun form with other verbs like 세우다 (to set). It should be 계획을 세우다, not just 계획 세우다 (though the latter is common in casual speech, it's better to learn the full form first).

Mistake 2: Particle Omission: Forgetting '을/를' in formal writing or when precision is needed.

Better: 우리는 휴가 계획을 세웠어요. (We set a vacation plan.)

Finally, be careful with the tense. Because planning is often an ongoing process, using the simple present 계획해요 can sometimes sound like a general habit rather than a specific intention. To express that you are currently in the middle of planning something, the progressive -고 있다 (계획하고 있어요) is much more natural and common in spoken Korean. If you use the past tense 계획했어요, it implies the plan is fixed and you are ready to move to the next stage.

By avoiding these pitfalls—overusing it for small things, confusing it with physical preparation, skipping particles, and misusing tense—you will sound much more like a native speaker and communicate your intentions with clarity.

Korean has a rich vocabulary for 'planning' and 'intending,' and choosing the right word depends on the context and the level of formality. While 계획하다 is the most versatile, knowing its alternatives will significantly boost your fluency. For example, 구상하다 (gu-sang-ha-da) is often used when you are 'conceptualizing' or 'visualizing' a creative project, like a novel or a painting.

계획하다 vs. 구상하다: 계획하다 is for schedules and logistics; 구상하다 is for creative concepts and ideas.

작가는 새로운 소설의 줄거리를 구상하고 있습니다. (The author is conceptualizing the plot of a new novel.)

Another important alternative is 기획하다 (gi-hwek-ha-da). This is very common in business and marketing. It refers to 'planning' in the sense of 'organizing' or 'producing' an event, a product launch, or a TV show. A '기획자' (planner/producer) is a specific job title in many Korean industries. While 계획하다 is about the 'what' and 'when', 기획하다 is often about the 'how' and the overall 'strategy'.

For more informal or personal intentions, you might use 작정하다 (jak-jeong-ha-da). This means 'to make up one's mind' or 'to be determined to'. It carries a stronger sense of personal resolve than 계획하다. If you say '공부하기로 작정했어요', it means you've firmly decided to study, perhaps after a period of procrastination. It's more about the internal decision than the external schedule.

계획하다 vs. 작정하다: 계획하다 is about the roadmap; 작정하다 is about the firm decision or determination.

이번에는 정말 살을 빼기로 작정했어요. (I've firmly decided to lose weight this time.)

Lastly, consider 설계하다 (seol-gye-ha-da). While primarily meaning 'to design' (like an architect designing a building), it is often used metaphorically for 'planning' one's life or future. '인생을 설계하다' (to design one's life) sounds very deliberate and visionary. It suggests a high-level, structural approach to planning. By understanding these nuances, you can move from basic B1 communication to more sophisticated, context-aware Korean.

은퇴 후의 삶을 미리 설계하는 것이 필요합니다. (It is necessary to design/plan your life after retirement in advance.)

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

The character '획' (劃) is the same one used in 'stroke' (as in the strokes of a Hanja character). So planning is literally like drawing the strokes of your future.

Guide de prononciation

UK /kje.hwek.ha.da/

US /kje.hwek.ha.da/

In Korean, stress is generally even across syllables, but the 'hwek' syllable may feel slightly emphasized due to the final consonant.

Rime avec

시작하다 (si-jak-ha-da) 생각하다 (saeng-gak-ha-da) 도착하다 (do-chak-ha-da) 부탁하다 (bu-tak-ha-da) 합격하다 (hap-gyeok-ha-da) 강력하다 (gang-ryeok-ha-da) 정확하다 (jeong-hwak-ha-da) 솔직하다 (sol-jik-ha-da)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing 'gye' as 'gee' (like in 'geese'). It should be a 'y' glide: 'gy-eh'.
Over-emphasizing the 'h' in 'hada'. It often blends with the previous syllable.
Pronouncing 'hoek' as 'hook'. It should be 'h-weh-k'.
Missing the final 'k' sound in 'hwek'.
Pronouncing it too slowly; in natural speech, it flows as 'gyehwekada'.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 2/5

The word is common in texts and easy to recognize once the Hanja roots are known.

Écriture 3/5

Requires knowledge of object particles and verb endings like -(으)려고.

Expression orale 3/5

Pronunciation of 'hwek' can be tricky for beginners, and choosing the right register is important.

Écoute 2/5

Frequently used in news and daily conversation, making it easy to pick up.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

하다 (to do) 생각하다 (to think) 일정 (schedule) 미래 (future) 여행 (trip)

Apprends ensuite

준비하다 (to prepare) 결정하다 (to decide) 실행하다 (to execute) 목표 (goal) 성공 (success)

Avancé

기획하다 (to produce/organize) 구상하다 (to conceptualize) 설계하다 (to design) 입안하다 (to draft)

Grammaire à connaître

-(으)려고 하다

한국에 가려고 해요. (I intend to go to Korea.)

-기로 하다

내일부터 운동하기로 했어요. (I decided to exercise from tomorrow.)

-(으)ㄹ 예정이다

회의는 2시에 시작할 예정입니다. (The meeting is scheduled to start at 2.)

-고 있다

지금 여행을 계획하고 있어요. (I am planning a trip now.)

-(으)ㄴ/는 대로

계획한 대로 하세요. (Do as you planned.)

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Exemples par niveau

저는 여행을 계획해요.

I plan a trip.

Simple [Noun] + 을/를 계획하다 structure.

오늘 계획이 뭐예요?

What is the plan for today?

Using '계획' as a noun with the copula '이다'.

주말 계획이 있어요.

I have weekend plans.

Using '계획' as a noun with '있다'.

우리는 파티를 계획해요.

We plan a party.

Plural subject '우리' with a direct object.

공부 계획을 세워요.

I make a study plan.

The common collocation '계획을 세우다'.

내일 계획은 없어요.

There are no plans for tomorrow.

Negative form '없어요' with the noun '계획'.

친구랑 영화를 계획해요.

I plan a movie with a friend.

Using '랑' (with) to show who the plan is with.

여름 방학을 계획해요.

I plan summer vacation.

Time-based noun '여름 방학' as the object.

이번 주말에 부산에 가려고 계획해요.

I plan to go to Busan this weekend.

-(으)려고 계획하다 to show intention.

어제 친구와 저녁 식사를 계획했어요.

Yesterday, I planned dinner with a friend.

Past tense '계획했어요'.

한국어를 열심히 공부하려고 계획하고 있어요.

I am planning to study Korean hard.

Progressive form '-고 있다' for ongoing planning.

우리는 다음 달에 이사할 계획이에요.

We plan to move next month.

-(으)ㄹ 계획이다 for a scheduled plan.

새로운 취미를 시작하려고 계획 중이에요.

I am in the middle of planning to start a new hobby.

'계획 중' (in the middle of planning) is a common phrase.

생일 파티를 어디에서 할지 계획하고 있어요.

I am planning where to have the birthday party.

-지 계획하다 (planning whether/where/how).

부모님 선물을 사려고 계획했어요.

I planned to buy a gift for my parents.

Past tense intention.

내일은 집에서 쉬려고 계획해요.

I plan to rest at home tomorrow.

Simple intention for a personal activity.

내년에는 유럽 여행을 가려고 구체적으로 계획하고 있어요.

I am specifically planning to go on a trip to Europe next year.

Adding the adverb '구체적으로' (specifically/in detail).

효율적인 시간 관리를 위해 일일 계획을 계획했습니다.

I planned a daily schedule for efficient time management.

Formal past tense '계획했습니다'.

졸업 후에 어떤 일을 할지 진지하게 계획하고 있어요.

I am seriously planning what kind of work to do after graduation.

Adverb '진지하게' (seriously) adds depth.

우리는 이번 프로젝트를 성공시키기 위해 철저히 계획했습니다.

We planned thoroughly to make this project a success.

Adverb '철저히' (thoroughly) is a common collocation.

운동을 매일 하기로 계획했지만 지키기 어려워요.

I planned to exercise every day, but it's hard to keep.

-기로 계획하다 (decided/planned to).

새로운 사업 아이템을 구상하고 계획하는 중입니다.

I am conceptualizing and planning a new business item.

Using '구상하다' and '계획하다' together.

여름 휴가 때 가족들과 제주도에 갈 계획입니다.

I plan to go to Jeju Island with my family during summer vacation.

Formal '-ㄹ 계획입니다' for a set plan.

시험 기간 동안 공부할 내용을 미리 계획해 두었어요.

I have planned in advance what to study during the exam period.

-어 두다 (to do something in advance/for later).

정부는 청년 실업 문제를 해결하기 위한 정책을 계획하고 있습니다.

The government is planning policies to solve the youth unemployment problem.

Formal usage in a socio-political context.

이번 행사는 작년부터 치밀하게 계획된 것입니다.

This event has been meticulously planned since last year.

Passive-like structure '계획된 것' (a planned thing).

회사는 내년도 예산을 어떻게 편성할지 계획하고 있습니다.

The company is planning how to allocate next year's budget.

Business context: budget allocation.

모든 일이 우리가 계획한 대로 진행되고 있어요.

Everything is proceeding as we planned.

'계획한 대로' (as planned) is a very useful phrase.

그는 은퇴 후의 삶을 체계적으로 계획하기 시작했습니다.

He started to systematically plan his life after retirement.

Adverb '체계적으로' (systematically).

우리는 환경 보호를 위해 일회용품 사용을 줄일 계획입니다.

We plan to reduce the use of disposable items for environmental protection.

Expressing a collective goal or policy.

새로운 도시 개발 사업을 계획하는 과정에서 주민들의 의견을 수렴했습니다.

In the process of planning a new city development project, we gathered residents' opinions.

Complex sentence with '과정에서' (in the process of).

갑작스러운 사고로 인해 원래 계획했던 일정이 모두 변경되었습니다.

Due to a sudden accident, all the originally planned schedules have been changed.

'원래 계획했던' (originally planned) is a common modifier.

이 연구는 고령화 사회에 대비한 복지 시스템을 계획하는 데 중점을 둡니다.

This study focuses on planning a welfare system in preparation for an aging society.

Academic usage: '계획하는 데 중점을 두다' (focus on planning).

기업은 장기적인 관점에서 지속 가능한 경영 전략을 계획해야 합니다.

Companies must plan sustainable management strategies from a long-term perspective.

Using '장기적인 관점에서' (from a long-term perspective).

도시의 미관과 기능성을 동시에 고려하여 공원을 계획했습니다.

The park was planned considering both the aesthetics and functionality of the city.

Using '동시에 고려하여' (considering simultaneously).

그 프로젝트는 초기 단계부터 부실하게 계획되어 많은 비판을 받았습니다.

The project was poorly planned from the initial stage and received a lot of criticism.

Adverb '부실하게' (poorly/insufficiently).

우리는 예기치 못한 변수까지 고려하여 플랜 B를 계획해 두어야 합니다.

We must plan a Plan B, considering even unexpected variables.

'예기치 못한 변수' (unexpected variables).

범행을 계획적으로 저질렀다는 증거가 발견되었습니다.

Evidence was found that the crime was committed deliberately/with planning.

Legal/Criminal context: '계획적으로' (deliberately).

인생의 모든 순간을 완벽하게 계획하는 것은 불가능에 가깝습니다.

It is nearly impossible to plan every moment of life perfectly.

Philosophical reflection on planning.

정부는 다각적인 분석을 통해 경제 회복 방안을 계획하고 있습니다.

The government is planning economic recovery measures through multi-faceted analysis.

'다각적인 분석' (multi-faceted analysis).

국가 차원의 거시적 경제 발전을 계획하는 일은 고도의 전문성을 요합니다.

Planning macro-level economic development at the national level requires a high degree of expertise.

High-level formal vocabulary: '거시적' (macro), '요하다' (require).

그의 소설은 치밀하게 계획된 복선과 반전으로 독자들을 사로잡습니다.

His novel captivates readers with meticulously planned foreshadowing and twists.

Literary analysis: '치밀하게 계획된' (meticulously planned).

우리는 기후 변화라는 인류 공동의 위기에 대응하기 위해 전 지구적 차원의 대책을 계획해야 합니다.

We must plan global-level measures to respond to the common human crisis of climate change.

Global/Humanitarian context: '전 지구적 차원' (global level).

철학적으로 볼 때, 인간이 미래를 계획한다는 것은 실존적 불안을 극복하려는 시도일 수 있습니다.

Philosophically speaking, humans planning the future may be an attempt to overcome existential anxiety.

Deep philosophical discourse: '실존적 불안' (existential anxiety).

그 기업의 성공은 철저하게 계획된 마케팅 전략과 혁신적인 기술력의 결합이었습니다.

The company's success was a combination of a thoroughly planned marketing strategy and innovative technology.

Strategic business analysis.

역사적으로 위대한 지도자들은 시대의 흐름을 읽고 국가의 미래를 원대하게 계획했습니다.

Historically, great leaders read the trends of the times and planned the nation's future grandly.

Historical/Leadership context: '원대하게' (grandly/ambitiously).

무질서한 도시 확장을 막기 위해 체계적인 도시 계획을 계획하는 것이 시급합니다.

It is urgent to plan systematic urban planning to prevent disordered urban sprawl.

Urban planning context: '시급하다' (to be urgent).

인간의 이성이 모든 것을 계획할 수 있다는 믿음은 때로 오만으로 흐를 수 있습니다.

The belief that human reason can plan everything can sometimes lead to arrogance.

Critique of rationalism and planning.

Synonymes

구상하다 설계하다 도모하다 기획하다

Antonymes

즉흥적으로 하다 포기하다

Collocations courantes

여행을 계획하다

미래를 계획하다

치밀하게 계획하다

미리 계획하다

사업을 계획하다

일정을 계획하다

꼼꼼하게 계획하다

공동으로 계획하다

철저히 계획하다

인생을 계획하다

Phrases Courantes

계획을 세우다

— To make/set a plan. This is the most common way to say you are planning something.

방학 계획을 세웠어요.

계획대로 되다

— To go as planned. Used when things happen exactly as you intended.

모든 일이 계획대로 되고 있어요.

계획에 없다

— Not in the plan. Used for unexpected events or things you didn't intend to do.

이건 제 계획에 없던 일이에요.

계획을 짜다

— To 'weave' or put together a plan. Slightly more informal and implies effort.

친구들과 여행 계획을 짰어요.

계획을 변경하다

— To change a plan.

날씨 때문에 계획을 변경해야 해요.

계획을 실천하다

— To put a plan into practice/action.

계획만 세우지 말고 실천하세요.

계획이 틀어지다

— For a plan to go wrong or get messed up.

비가 와서 계획이 틀어졌어요.

계획성 있다

— To be organized/planned. Used to describe a person's personality.

그는 참 계획성 있는 사람이에요.

무계획

— No plan. Often used for spontaneous trips.

이번 여행은 무계획으로 떠나요.

계획적이다

— To be planned/deliberate.

그의 행동은 매우 계획적이었어요.

Souvent confondu avec

계획하다 vs 준비하다

준비하다 is physical preparation (packing, buying), while 계획하다 is mental planning (scheduling, deciding).

계획하다 vs 생각하다

생각하다 is just thinking, while 계획하다 implies a structured intention with steps.

계획하다 vs 예정이다

예정이다 is more about a fixed schedule, while 계획하다 is about the act of making that schedule.

Expressions idiomatiques

"계획이 수포로 돌아가다"

— For a plan to come to nothing (literally 'turn into water bubbles').

열심히 준비한 계획이 수포로 돌아갔어요.

Neutral

"작심삼일"

— A resolution that lasts only three days. Often used when plans fail quickly.

다이어트 계획이 작심삼일로 끝났어요.

Common

"차질이 생기다"

— A hitch or setback occurs in a plan.

배송 계획에 차질이 생겼습니다.

Formal

"첫 단추를 잘 끼우다"

— To start well (literally 'button the first button well'). Crucial for a good plan.

계획의 첫 단추를 잘 끼워야 해요.

Common

"산 넘어 산"

— One obstacle after another. Used when a plan keeps hitting problems.

계획을 실행하려니 산 넘어 산이네요.

Common

"밑바닥부터 계획하다"

— To plan from the ground up/scratch.

우리는 프로젝트를 밑바닥부터 다시 계획했어요.

Neutral

"머릿속으로 계획하다"

— To plan in one's head (without writing it down).

그는 이미 머릿속으로 다 계획하고 있었어요.

Neutral

"앞날을 계획하다"

— To plan for the future/days ahead.

젊을 때 앞날을 잘 계획해야 합니다.

Neutral

"빈틈없이 계획하다"

— To plan without any gaps/flawlessly.

그녀는 행사를 빈틈없이 계획했습니다.

Neutral

"장기적인 계획"

— A long-term plan.

장기적인 계획을 가지고 투자하세요.

Formal

Facile à confondre

계획하다 vs 기획하다

Both mean 'to plan'.

기획하다 is for professional production/organizing (like a show or marketing), while 계획하다 is general planning.

이벤트를 기획하다 vs. 여행을 계획하다.

계획하다 vs 구상하다

Both involve thinking about the future.

구상하다 is for creative ideas and concepts; 계획하다 is for logistics and schedules.

소설을 구상하다 vs. 공부를 계획하다.

계획하다 vs 설계하다

Both mean making a roadmap.

설계하다 is more technical (designing) or high-level (life design); 계획하다 is everyday planning.

건물을 설계하다 vs. 주말을 계획하다.

계획하다 vs 작정하다

Both mean intending to do something.

작정하다 implies a strong, often emotional decision or resolve; 계획하다 is more neutral and structured.

복수하기로 작정하다 vs. 회의를 계획하다.

계획하다 vs 입안하다

Both mean creating a plan.

입안하다 is strictly for official policies, laws, or formal proposals.

정책을 입안하다.

Structures de phrases

계획이 있어요.

내일 계획이 있어요.

[Noun]을/를 계획해요.

여행을 계획해요.

-(으)려고 계획하고 있어요.

유학을 가려고 계획하고 있어요.

계획을 세우다.

방학 계획을 세웠어요.

-(으)ㄹ 계획입니다.

새 공장을 지을 계획입니다.

계획한 대로...

계획한 대로 진행하세요.

계획하는 데 중점을 두다.

미래를 계획하는 데 중점을 둡니다.

계획적으로 [Verb].

그는 계획적으로 접근했습니다.

Famille de mots

Noms

계획 (plan)

계획서 (written plan/proposal)

계획안 (draft plan)

계획성 (planning ability/orderliness)

Verbes

계획하다 (to plan)

계획되다 (to be planned)

Adjectifs

계획적 (planned/deliberate)

무계획적 (unplanned/haphazard)

Apparenté

기획 (planning/production)

구상 (concept)

설계 (design)

준비 (preparation)

예정 (schedule)

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

Very High. It is a fundamental word for discussing the future.

Erreurs courantes

지금 밥 먹으려고 계획해요. → 지금 밥 먹을게요.
Don't use '계획하다' for immediate, simple actions. It sounds too heavy.
가방을 계획했어요. → 가방을 준비했어요.
You prepare (준비) a bag for a trip, you don't 'plan' (계획) the bag itself.
계획 세웠어요. → 계획을 세웠어요.
In formal contexts, don't drop the object particle '을'.
내일 계획이 이다. → 내일 계획이에요.
Remember to conjugate the copula '이다' correctly with the noun '계획'.
계획하고 싶어요. → 계획을 세우고 싶어요.
While not strictly wrong, '계획을 세우고 싶어요' (I want to make a plan) is more common than 'I want to plan'.

Astuces

Using -(으)려고

Pair 계획하다 with -(으)려고 to express your specific intentions clearly. It's the most natural B1-level structure.

Learn the Noun First

Mastering the noun '계획' allows you to use many other verbs like 세우다 (set), 취소하다 (cancel), and 변경하다 (change).

The 'J' Culture

Mentioning your '계획' is a great way to show you are a responsible and diligent person in Korean society.

Progressive Tense

Use '계획하고 있어요' instead of '계획해요' to sound more like a native speaker when talking about current plans.

Formal Endings

In reports, use '-을 계획임' or '-을 계획이다' for a concise and professional feel.

Context Clues

If you hear '계획' followed by a negative word like '틀어지다' or '수포', you know something went wrong with the plan.

Drawing Lines

Remember the Hanja '획' means to draw a line. Planning is drawing the lines of your life.

Avoid Overuse

Don't use it for every single action. Save it for things that actually require some thought or scheduling.

Adverb Pairs

Learn '치밀하게' (meticulously) and '철저히' (thoroughly) as they are the most common adverbs used with this verb.

TOPIK/IELTS

This is a high-frequency word for describing future goals in speaking and writing exams. Practice it well!

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of 'Gye' as 'Gear' and 'Hoek' as 'Hook'. You are 'Gearing' up and 'Hooking' your future actions together into a plan.

Association visuelle

Imagine a person drawing a line (획) on a calendar with a calculator (계) in their hand.

Word Web

Calendar To-do list Future Strategy Goal Schedule Intention Map

Défi

Write down three things you plan to do tomorrow using '계획하고 있어요' and share them with a friend.

Origine du mot

Derived from Sino-Korean (Hanja) characters. '계' (計) means to count, calculate, or measure. '획' (劃) means to draw a line, divide, or mark.

Sens originel : To calculate and draw a boundary or line for future actions.

Sino-Korean

Contexte culturel

No major sensitivities, but avoid using '계획적으로' (deliberately) when describing someone's negative actions unless you mean to imply they were premeditated (like a crime).

In English, 'planning' can be casual ('I'm planning to go out'), but in Korean, '계획하다' often feels more deliberate. English speakers might use 'going to' or 'thinking of' where a Korean would use '계획하다'.

The 'Five-Year Economic Development Plans' of Korea (1962-1996). The movie 'Parasite' (기생충) has a famous line: '너는 다 계획이 있구나' (You have a plan for everything). Common self-help books in Korea like 'The Habit of Planning'.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Travel

여행 일정을 계획하다
비행기 표를 예약하다
숙소를 정하다
예산을 짜다

Work

회의를 계획하다
프로젝트를 계획하다
업무 분담을 계획하다
보고서를 작성하다

Study

시험 공부를 계획하다
시간표를 짜다
목표 점수를 정하다
복습 계획을 세우다

Personal Life

운동 계획을 세우다
저축을 계획하다
결혼을 계획하다
이사 계획을 잡다

Events

파티를 계획하다
결혼식을 계획하다
동창회를 계획하다
이벤트를 기획하다

Amorces de conversation

"이번 주말에 특별한 계획이 있어요?"

"올해 꼭 이루고 싶은 계획이 무엇인가요?"

"여행 갈 때 계획을 꼼꼼하게 세우는 편인가요?"

"다음 휴가는 어디로 갈 계획이에요?"

"오늘 퇴근 후에 뭐 할 계획이에요?"

Sujets d'écriture

나의 5년 후 미래를 어떻게 계획하고 있는지 써 보세요. (Write about how you are planning your future 5 years from now.)

가장 기억에 남는 여행 계획에 대해 이야기해 보세요. (Talk about your most memorable travel plan.)

계획대로 되지 않았던 일과 그 대처 방법에 대해 써 보세요. (Write about something that didn't go as planned and how you handled it.)

나만의 효율적인 시간 관리 계획을 소개해 보세요. (Introduce your own efficient time management plan.)

새해에 세운 계획들을 잘 지키고 있나요? (Are you keeping the plans you made for the New Year?)

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

It's better not to. For small, immediate things, use '-(으)려고 해요' or '-ㄹ게요'. 계획하다 sounds too formal for simple daily tasks unless you are actually making a detailed schedule.

They are very similar. 계획을 세우다 (to set a plan) is more common when talking about the act of creating the plan itself, while 계획하다 is the verb 'to plan'. You can use both interchangeably in most cases.

Yes, it can be. '계획범죄' means a premeditated crime. However, in daily life, it's usually positive or neutral.

You say '계획이 없어요' or '아무 계획 없어요'.

No, it takes an event or an action as an object, not a person. You can plan a meeting *with* a person, but not the person themselves.

Yes. 계획 is the plan you made. 예정 is the schedule that is set. '계획' is more active, '예정' is more about the time/status.

It means 'no plan' or 'unplanned'. It's often used for spontaneous trips: '무계획 여행'.

It's a bit informal. In a formal meeting, '계획을 수립하다' or '계획을 세우다' is better.

모든 것이 계획대로 됐어요.

Yes, it comes from 計 (계) and 劃 (획).

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