Cette page dans ta langue

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

日本語

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

A2 adverb #6,000 le plus courant 9 min de lecture

펑펑

peongpeong Top 6,000

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces 펑펑 en 30 secondes

Explication 펑펑 in your Level:

At the A1 level, think of '펑펑' as a 'super' word for snow and crying. In Korea, we don't just say 'it snows a lot' (눈이 많이 와요); we often use this special word '펑펑' to show that the snow is very thick and beautiful. It's like saying 'snow is falling POP-POP-POP!' Imagine big, white pieces of cotton falling from the sky. That is '펑펑'. Also, if you see a baby crying very loudly with many tears, that is also '펑펑'. It's an easy word to remember because it sounds like something exploding softly. You can use it simply: '눈이 펑펑 와요' (Snow falls heavily) or '아이가 펑펑 울어요' (The child cries heavily). It makes your Korean sound much more like a native speaker even at the beginning!

Inscris-toi gratuitement pour lire l'explication complète

At the A2 level, you should start using '펑펑' to add more detail to your stories. Instead of using basic adverbs like '많이' (a lot), '펑펑' helps you describe the *way* something happens. It is a 'mimetic' word, which means it mimics a feeling or a movement. Use it when you talk about winter or sad movies. For example, '어제 슬픈 영화를 보고 펑펑 울었어요' (I watched a sad movie yesterday and cried heavily). Notice that '펑펑' comes before the verb '울었어요'. Also, you might hear this when talking about money. If someone spends too much money on clothes or games, you can say they are spending money '펑펑'. It’s a very common word in daily life, especially when the weather gets cold or when people talk about their feelings.

As a B1 learner, you can appreciate the nuance of '펑펑' compared to other similar words. While '많이' is a general term for 'a lot', '펑펑' specifically targets the visual and emotional intensity. It creates an image of something overflowing or bursting. You should be able to use it in more complex sentences, like '눈이 펑펑 내리는 날에는 따뜻한 코코아가 생각나요' (On days when it snows heavily, I think of warm cocoa). You should also be aware of the 'money' usage in a metaphorical sense. '돈을 펑펑 쓰다' (spending money like water) is a key expression. At this level, you should also be careful not to use it for rain, which is a common mistake. Rain uses '주룩주룩'. Understanding these specific pairings (snow/tears/money) is a hallmark of the B1 level.

Inscris-toi gratuitement pour lire l'explication complète

At the B2 level, '펑펑' becomes a tool for expressive writing and advanced conversation. You can use it to describe dramatic scenes or to emphasize a point in a debate about consumerism. In literature, '펑펑' might be used to set a melancholic or romantic mood. You should also recognize its role in the system of Korean onomatopoeia. It belongs to a group of words that use 'light' vowels (like 'ㅏ', 'ㅗ') or 'dark' vowels (like 'ㅓ', 'ㅜ') to change the feeling. '펑펑' uses the 'ㅓ' vowel, which feels heavier and bigger than '퐁퐁' (pong-pong), which would describe something smaller, like bubbles or a tiny spring. Recognizing these vowel shifts helps you understand the 'weight' of Korean words intuitively.

Inscris-toi gratuitement pour lire l'explication complète

For C1 learners, '펑펑' is part of a sophisticated vocabulary of 'uitae-eo' (mimetic words) that define the texture of Korean speech. You should be able to analyze its usage in various registers—from the poetic descriptions in a novel to the sharp criticisms in a social commentary about 'flex culture' (spending money '펑펑' to show off). You should also understand how '펑펑' interacts with various verb endings to convey different nuances, such as '펑펑 쏟아지다' (to pour down heavily) versus '펑펑 터지다' (to burst out). At this level, you should be able to explain the cultural significance of snow in Korea and why '펑펑' is the chosen word to romanticize it, often linked to the concept of 'first snow' and the emotions it evokes.

Inscris-toi gratuitement pour lire l'explication complète

At the C2 level, you possess a near-native grasp of '펑펑' and can use it with absolute precision. You understand its etymological roots and its place within the broader category of 'explosive' mimetic words starting with the 'ㅍ' (p) sound, which often denotes suddenness or pressure. You can distinguish between '펑펑' and extremely rare or archaic variants. You might use '펑펑' in creative writing to contrast with the silence of a winter night, using the 'sound' of the falling snow to emphasize the stillness. Your usage in financial or emotional contexts is flawlessly idiomatic, capturing the exact degree of excess or catharsis required. You are also able to teach the subtle differences between '펑펑', '함박함박', and '소복소복' to lower-level students, demonstrating the rich tapestry of the Korean language.

Inscris-toi gratuitement pour lire l'explication complète

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

펑펑 en 30 secondes

펑펑 (peong-peong) is a Korean adverb used to describe things falling or flowing in large amounts, specifically snow, tears, or money.
It is a mimetic word that adds visual and emotional weight to a sentence, making it more descriptive than simple words like 'a lot'.
Commonly paired with verbs like 오다 (to come), 울다 (to cry), and 쓰다 (to spend), it usually sits right before the verb.
While highly expressive, it should not be used for rain, and its use for money usually carries a negative connotation of wastefulness.

The Korean word 펑펑 (peong-peong) is a vibrant onomatopoeic and mimetic word (uiseong-eo/uitae-eo) that captures the essence of abundance, intensity, and sudden release. Primarily, it describes the heavy, thick falling of snow or the uncontrollable, explosive shedding of tears. Imagine a winter morning where the sky isn't just dusting the ground, but dumping large, fluffy flakes that blanket the world in minutes—that is 펑펑 내리는 눈. Alternatively, imagine a scene in a drama where a character finally breaks down after holding back their emotions, sobbing loudly and deeply—that is 펑펑 우는 모습. Beyond these physical descriptions, it extends metaphorically to the lavish or reckless spending of money, suggesting a flow that is as unstoppable as a heavy blizzard. It is a word that appeals to the senses, evoking the visual of white flakes and the sound of heavy sobbing.

Visual Imagery: Large, thick snowflakes (함박눈) falling vertically in massive quantities, creating a soft but heavy accumulation.

어젯밤에 눈이 펑펑 내려서 온 세상이 하얘졌어요. (Last night, snow fell heavily, and the whole world turned white.)

This word is deeply rooted in the Korean linguistic tradition of using repetitive sounds to indicate scale. The double 'peong' sound creates a sense of rhythm and continuity. When you say 'peong,' it sounds like a small explosion or a soft 'poof.' Doubling it into 'peong-peong' suggests a series of these soft explosions, which perfectly describes the way large snowflakes seem to 'pop' into existence as they fall or how tears 'burst' from the eyes. It is most commonly used in casual conversation, literature, and weather reporting to add a layer of descriptive richness that a simple adverb like '많이' (a lot) cannot provide.

Emotional Resonance: It conveys a sense of release. Whether it's nature releasing snow or a human releasing grief, there is a cathartic quality to the word.

슬픈 영화를 보고 펑펑 울었어요. (I watched a sad movie and cried my eyes out.)

In modern Korean society, you might also hear this in financial contexts. If someone is spending their inheritance or a bonus without care, a friend might warn them not to spend it 'peong-peong.' This usage draws a parallel between the effortless falling of snow and the effortless exit of cash from a wallet. It implies a lack of restraint. Understanding '펑펑' is essential for reaching an intermediate level of Korean because it shows you can move beyond basic functional language into the realm of expressive, descriptive Korean that natives use to color their speech.

Grammatically, 펑펑 functions as an adverb. This means its primary job is to modify verbs. Because it is a mimetic word, it usually appears immediately before the verb it describes to maximize the descriptive impact. The three most common verbs it pairs with are 오다/내리다 (to come/fall, for snow), 울다 (to cry), and 쓰다 (to spend/use). Unlike English adverbs that often end in '-ly' and can sometimes move around the sentence, '펑펑' feels most natural when it sits right in front of the action.

Snow Context: Structure: [Noun: Snow] + [펑펑] + [Verb: Fall/Come]. Example: 눈이 펑펑 내려요.

창밖을 보니 눈이 펑펑 쏟아지고 있었다. (Looking out the window, snow was pouring down heavily.)

When using it for crying, it emphasizes the volume and the lack of inhibition. It's not just a few tears; it's a full-on emotional outburst. It is frequently used with the auxiliary verb -어 대다 which implies doing something repeatedly or excessively. For instance, '펑펑 울어 댔다' means 'kept on crying heavily.' This combination is very common in narrative writing or when recounting an emotional event to friends.

Financial Context: Structure: [Noun: Money] + [펑펑] + [Verb: Spend]. Example: 돈을 펑펑 쓰면 안 돼요.

복권에 당첨된 후 그는 돈을 펑펑 쓰기 시작했다. (After winning the lottery, he started spending money like water.)

In terms of sentence patterns, you will often find '펑펑' in the middle of a sentence. Because Korean is a SOV (Subject-Object-Verb) language, the adverb typically follows the object. If you say '눈이 펑펑 오다', '눈' is the subject. If you say '돈을 펑펑 쓰다', '돈' is the object. The placement remains consistent: right before the verb. For advanced learners, notice how '펑펑' can also be used with '터지다' (to burst) in specific contexts, like a fountain or a sudden release of water, though snow and tears remain the primary usage cases.

In South Korea, 펑펑 is a seasonal favorite and a staple of emotional storytelling. During the winter months, from December to February, you will hear this word constantly on the news. Weather forecasters love to use it to create a vivid picture of incoming blizzards. Instead of just saying 'heavy snow is expected,' they might say '내일은 전국적으로 눈이 펑펑 내리겠습니다' (Tomorrow, snow will fall heavily across the country). This creates a much more visceral reaction in the audience, signaling them to prepare for significant accumulation and potential travel delays.

K-Dramas & Movies: Used during peak emotional climaxes. Characters will describe their grief or a past heartbreak using this word.

"어제 그 드라마 마지막 회 봤어? 나 정말 펑펑 울었잖아." ("Did you see the final episode of that drama yesterday? I really cried my eyes out.")

In daily life, '펑펑' is used by parents and elders when giving advice about money. Korean culture traditionally values frugality, so seeing someone spend money recklessly is often met with the phrase '돈을 그렇게 펑펑 쓰면 어떡하니?' (What are you going to do if you spend money like that?). This usage is common in households and among friends. It carries a slight tone of disapproval or concern, suggesting that the money is disappearing as quickly and effortlessly as snowflakes melting on a warm hand.

Children's Literature: Picture books often use '펑펑' to describe the magic of the first snow of the year (첫눈).

하늘에서 하얀 눈이 펑펑 내려와요. (White snow is falling heavily from the sky.)

Lastly, you'll encounter it in social media captions. When someone posts a photo of a snowy landscape or a 'crying selfie' (though less common now), they might use the hashtag #펑펑. It's a word that instantly communicates the scale of the event. If a Korean friend tells you they cried '펑펑,' they are inviting you to understand the depth of their emotion. It's not just a minor sadness; it's a significant event that left them exhausted. Recognizing this word in these various contexts—from the weather report to a heartfelt confession—will make your Korean sound much more natural and empathetic.

While 펑펑 is a versatile and useful word, English speakers often make the mistake of using it for any type of 'heavy' weather. The most frequent error is using '펑펑' to describe heavy rain. In English, we say 'it's pouring' for both rain and snow, but in Korean, the mimetic words are strictly categorized by the texture and sound of the element. Rain is liquid and makes a splashing or streaming sound, so it uses 주룩주룩 (juruk-juruk) or 장대비 (jangdaebi). Snow is fluffy and light, falling with a 'poof' sound, hence '펑펑'.

The Rain Mistake: Incorrect: 비가 펑펑 와요. (Wrong texture!) Correct: 비가 주룩주룩 와요. (Right texture!)

Don't say 펑펑 for rain, even if it's a massive storm.

Another mistake is confusing '펑펑' with 빵빵 (ppang-ppang). While they sound similar to a non-native ear, '빵빵' describes something being tight, full, or the sound of a car horn. If you say you cried '빵빵,' people might think your face became bloated (which can happen after crying!), but it doesn't describe the act of crying itself. Similarly, don't confuse it with 번쩍 (beon-jjeok), which is for a flash of light. '펑펑' is about volume and continuous flow, not a single flash.

The 'Spending' Nuance: When using it for money, it's almost always negative. Don't use it to praise someone for being generous; use it when someone is being wasteful.

He is generous (X) -> He spends money 펑펑 (O - implies waste).

Lastly, be careful with the intensity. '펑펑' is quite strong. If you just had a few tears during a commercial, saying you cried '펑펑' would be an exaggeration. For a few tears, use 눈물이 핑 돌다 (tears welled up) or 글썽이다 (to have tearful eyes). Reserve '펑펑' for the big moments—the blizzards that shut down the city and the heartbreak that lasts all night. Using it correctly shows a high level of linguistic sensitivity.

To truly master Korean, you need to know the alternatives to 펑펑 and how they differ in nuance. For snow, a common alternative is 함박함박 (hambak-hambak). While '펑펑' focuses on the intensity and volume of the falling, '함박함박' focuses on the shape and size of the snowflakes—the big, fluffy ones. Often, they are used together or interchangeably when describing a beautiful winter day. If the snow is falling lightly, you would use 소복소복 (sobok-sobok), which describes snow piling up quietly and neatly.

Comparison: Snow: 펑펑: Heavy, intense, overwhelming. / 소복소복: Quiet, light, piling up gently.

눈이 소복소복 쌓였어요 vs 눈이 펑펑 내려요.

When it comes to crying, the most common 'competitor' is 엉엉 (eong-eong). The difference here is auditory. '엉엉' is the literal sound of crying (like 'waa-waa' in English). You use '엉엉' when you want to emphasize the sound someone is making. '펑펑' is more about the manner and the volume of tears. If someone is crying silently but their eyes are streaming with tears, you can use '펑펑,' but you wouldn't use '엉엉.' If they are loud, you can use both: '엉엉 펑펑 울었다.'

Comparison: Crying: 펑펑: Focus on the volume of tears and intensity. / 뚝뚝: Focus on individual large drops falling (e.g., 눈물이 뚝뚝 떨어지다).

눈물이 뚝뚝 떨어졌다 (Tears fell in drops) vs 펑펑 울었다 (Cried heavily).

For spending money, 물 쓰듯 (mul sseudeut - like using water) is a very common idiomatic alternative. While '펑펑' is an adverb, '물 쓰듯' is a phrase that means 'to spend money as if it were as common and cheap as water.' You will often see them combined: '돈을 물 쓰듯 펑펑 쓰다.' This is the ultimate way to describe someone's financial recklessness. By learning these alternatives, you can choose the exact word that fits the 'vibe' of the situation you're describing.

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

In Korean, vowel harmony plays a role in these words. '퐁퐁' (pong-pong) with light vowels sounds cute and small, while '펑펑' (peong-peong) with dark vowels sounds big and heavy.

Guide de prononciation

UK /pʰʌŋ.pʰʌŋ/

US /pʰʌŋ.pʰʌŋ/

Equal stress on both syllables.

Rime avec

엉엉 (eong-eong) 텅텅 (teong-teong) 벙벙 (beong-beong) 성성 (seong-seong) 정정 (jeong-jeong) 명명 (myeong-myeong) 형형 (hyeong-hyeong) 동동 (dong-dong - near rhyme)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing it like 'pong-pong' (which is a different word).
Not aspirating the 'p' sound enough, making it sound like 'beong-beong'.
Using a closed 'o' sound instead of the open 'eo' sound.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 2/5

Easy to recognize in text due to the repetitive syllables.

Écriture 3/5

Easy to write, but requires knowing the specific verb pairings.

Expression orale 2/5

Fun to say and easy to pronounce for English speakers.

Écoute 2/5

Distinct sound makes it easy to catch in conversation.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

눈 (snow) 울다 (to cry) 많이 (a lot) 오다 (to come) 돈 (money)

Apprends ensuite

주룩주룩 (heavy rain) 반짝반짝 (twinkle) 함박눈 (large snowflakes) 소복소복 (quiet snow)

Avancé

의태어 (mimetic words) 의성어 (onomatopoeia) 모음 조화 (vowel harmony)

Grammaire à connaître

Adverb Placement

눈이 [펑펑] 내려요. (Adverb usually comes before the verb.)

Onomatopoeia/Mimetic Doubling

펑 -> 펑펑 (Doubling increases intensity or duration.)

Vowel Harmony in Mimetics

펑펑 (dark) vs 퐁퐁 (light).

Compound Verbs with -어 대다

울어 대다 -> 펑펑 울어 대다 (Crying excessively).

Causative/Reason with -아서/어서

눈이 펑펑 와서 길이 막혀요.

Inscris-toi gratuitement pour lire l'explication complète

Exemples par niveau

눈이 펑펑 와요.

Snow is falling heavily.

Simple Subject-Adverb-Verb structure.

아기가 펑펑 울어요.

The baby is crying loudly.

펑펑 modifies the verb 울다.

하늘에서 눈이 펑펑 내려요.

Snow is falling heavily from the sky.

내리다 is a more formal synonym for 오다 in this context.

우리는 펑펑 울었어요.

We cried heavily.

Past tense of 울다.

눈이 펑펑 내려서 좋아요.

I like it because it's snowing heavily.

Using -아서/어서 to give a reason.

펑펑 울지 마세요.

Please don't cry so much.

-지 마세요 is the negative imperative.

오늘 눈이 펑펑 올까요?

Will it snow heavily today?

-ㄹ/을까요 expresses a question or wonder.

강아지가 눈이 펑펑 와서 기뻐해요.

The dog is happy because it's snowing heavily.

기뻐하다 is used for someone else's emotions.

슬픈 영화를 보고 펑펑 울었어요.

I watched a sad movie and cried my eyes out.

-고 connects two sequential actions.

돈을 펑펑 쓰면 안 돼요.

You shouldn't spend money like water.

-면 안 되다 means 'should not'.

겨울에는 눈이 펑펑 내리는 날이 많아요.

In winter, there are many days when it snows heavily.

Modifier form -는 describes the noun '날' (day).

헤어진 친구 생각에 펑펑 울었어요.

I cried heavily thinking about a friend I broke up with.

-에 indicates the cause of the emotion.

갑자기 눈이 펑펑 쏟아지기 시작했어요.

Suddenly, snow started pouring down heavily.

-기 시작하다 means 'to start doing'.

그는 월급을 받자마자 펑펑 썼어요.

As soon as he got his salary, he spent it recklessly.

-자마자 means 'as soon as'.

눈이 펑펑 와서 길이 막혀요.

Because it's snowing heavily, the roads are blocked.

막히다 means 'to be blocked/congested'.

부모님께 혼나서 펑펑 울었어요.

I cried heavily because I was scolded by my parents.

혼나다 means 'to be scolded'.

눈이 펑펑 내리는 창밖을 보며 커피를 마셨어요.

I drank coffee while looking out the window where snow was falling heavily.

-(으)며 indicates simultaneous actions.

그는 유산을 물려받은 뒤 돈을 펑펑 쓰고 다녀요.

After inheriting a fortune, he goes around spending money recklessly.

-고 다니다 implies a repeated or habitual action.

드라마 주인공이 펑펑 우는 장면에서 나도 눈물이 났다.

I also teared up at the scene where the drama protagonist was crying heavily.

눈물이 나다 is 'tears come out'.

눈이 펑펑 와서 내일 비행기가 취소될 것 같아요.

It's snowing so heavily that I think the flight will be canceled tomorrow.

-(으)ㄹ 것 같다 expresses a probability.

어린 시절 눈이 펑펑 오던 날의 추억이 떠올라요.

Memories of days when it used to snow heavily in my childhood come to mind.

-던 describes a past habitual state.

돈을 그렇게 펑펑 쓰다가는 나중에 후회할 거예요.

If you keep spending money like that, you'll regret it later.

-다가(는) warns of a negative result from an ongoing action.

함박눈이 펑펑 내리는 거리는 정말 낭만적이에요.

The streets where large snowflakes are falling heavily are truly romantic.

함박눈 specifically means 'large, fluffy snowflakes'.

친구가 갑자기 펑펑 울어서 어떻게 위로해야 할지 몰랐어요.

My friend suddenly started crying heavily, so I didn't know how to comfort them.

-아야 할지 모르다 means 'not knowing what to do'.

하늘에서 솜뭉치 같은 눈이 펑펑 쏟아져 내렸다.

Snow like cotton balls poured down heavily from the sky.

솜뭉치 같다 is a simile meaning 'like cotton balls'.

그녀는 억눌렀던 감정이 폭발한 듯 펑펑 울기 시작했다.

She started crying heavily as if her suppressed emotions had exploded.

-ㄴ 듯 means 'as if'.

복권 당첨자들이 돈을 펑펑 쓰다가 파산하는 경우가 많다.

There are many cases where lottery winners spend money recklessly and then go bankrupt.

파산하다 means 'to go bankrupt'.

창밖에는 여전히 눈이 펑펑 내리고 있어 세상이 정적에 잠겼다.

Outside the window, snow is still falling heavily, and the world is submerged in silence.

정적에 잠기다 is a poetic expression for 'being silent'.

그는 젊은 시절에 번 돈을 노후 대책 없이 펑펑 써 버렸다.

He spent all the money he earned in his youth recklessly without any retirement plan.

-어 버리다 indicates the completion of an action with a feeling of regret.

어머니의 편지를 읽고 난 후 그는 한참 동안 펑펑 울었다.

After reading his mother's letter, he cried heavily for a long time.

한참 동안 means 'for a good while'.

갑작스러운 폭설로 눈이 펑펑 내려 교통이 마비되었다.

Traffic was paralyzed as snow fell heavily due to a sudden blizzard.

교통이 마비되다 means 'traffic is paralyzed'.

아이들은 펑펑 내리는 눈을 맞으며 눈사람을 만들었다.

The children made a snowman while being hit by the heavily falling snow.

눈을 맞다 means 'to be hit/covered by snow'.

작가는 주인공의 비극적인 운명을 묘사하며 눈이 펑펑 내리는 배경을 설정했다.

The author set a background of heavy snow while describing the protagonist's tragic fate.

묘사하다 means 'to describe/portray'.

과거의 영광에 취해 돈을 펑펑 쓰던 그는 이제 빈털터리가 되었다.

He, who used to spend money recklessly while intoxicated by past glory, has now become penniless.

빈털터리 is a slangy but common term for a 'penniless person'.

억울한 누명을 벗게 된 날, 그는 대성통곡하며 펑펑 울었다.

On the day he was cleared of the false charges, he wailed and cried heavily.

대성통곡 means 'wailing loudly'.

기후 변화로 인해 예전처럼 눈이 펑펑 내리는 광경을 보기 힘들어졌다.

Due to climate change, it has become difficult to see the sight of heavy snow falling as it did in the past.

-로 인해 indicates a cause or reason.

그녀는 슬픔을 억제하지 못하고 펑펑 울음을 터뜨리고 말았다.

Unable to suppress her sadness, she ended up bursting into heavy tears.

울음을 터뜨리다 means 'to burst into tears'.

예산이 펑펑 새어나가는 것을 막기 위해 강력한 대책이 필요하다.

Strong measures are needed to prevent the budget from leaking out recklessly.

새어나가다 means 'to leak out'.

순백의 눈이 펑펑 내리는 산사는 말로 표현할 수 없이 아름다웠다.

The mountain temple where pure white snow fell heavily was indescribably beautiful.

산사 refers to a temple in the mountains.

그는 자신의 잘못을 뉘우치며 펑펑 눈물을 쏟아냈다.

He poured out heavy tears while repenting for his mistakes.

뉘우치다 means 'to repent/regret'.

동토의 대지 위로 펑펑 쏟아지는 눈발은 마치 하늘이 내리는 축복 같았다.

The snowflakes pouring heavily onto the frozen earth were like a blessing from heaven.

동토 means 'frozen land'.

그는 부귀영화를 누리며 돈을 펑펑 썼으나, 그 끝은 허망하기 그지없었다.

He enjoyed wealth and spent money recklessly, but the end was incomparably futile.

-기 그지없다 means 'to be limitlessly...'

응어리진 한이 녹아내리듯 그는 밤새도록 펑펑 울음을 토해냈다.

As if his knotted resentment was melting away, he vomited out heavy tears all night long.

응어리지다 describes emotions being 'knotted' or 'clumped'.

기상청의 예보와는 달리 눈이 펑펑 내려 도시는 일순간 마비 상태에 빠졌다.

Contrary to the weather bureau's forecast, snow fell heavily, and the city fell into a state of paralysis in an instant.

일순간 means 'in a single moment'.

소설 속에서 펑펑 내리는 눈은 주인공의 고립된 심리 상태를 상징한다.

In the novel, the heavily falling snow symbolizes the protagonist's isolated psychological state.

상징하다 means 'to symbolize'.

공금을 펑펑 유용해 온 사실이 드러나면서 사회적 파장이 일고 있다.

As the fact of recklessly embezzling public funds was revealed, a social ripple is rising.

유용하다 in this context means 'to embezzle/misappropriate'.

그녀의 눈에서 펑펑 쏟아지는 눈물은 그간의 고통을 대변하는 듯했다.

The tears pouring heavily from her eyes seemed to represent the pain she had endured.

대변하다 means 'to represent/speak for'.

만물이 숨죽인 겨울밤, 펑펑 내리는 눈만이 정적을 깨뜨리고 있었다.

On a winter night when everything held its breath, only the heavily falling snow was breaking the silence.

숨죽이다 means 'to hold one's breath'.

Collocations courantes

눈이 펑펑 오다

펑펑 울다

돈을 펑펑 쓰다

눈이 펑펑 내리다

펑펑 쏟아지다

펑펑 터지다

펑펑 울음을 터뜨리다

예산이 펑펑 새다

펑펑 쏟아붓다

펑펑 함박눈

Phrases Courantes

펑펑 울다

— To cry very hard or sob uncontrollably.

슬퍼서 한 시간 동안 펑펑 울었어.

돈을 펑펑 쓰다

— To spend money recklessly or like water.

돈을 그렇게 펑펑 쓰면 나중에 힘들 거야.

눈이 펑펑 내리다

— For snow to fall heavily and in large flakes.

밖을 봐, 눈이 펑펑 내리고 있어!

펑펑 쏟아지다

— To pour out heavily (usually snow or tears).

갑자기 눈물이 펑펑 쏟아졌어요.

펑펑 울음을 터뜨리다

— To burst into heavy tears.

그녀는 소식을 듣고 펑펑 울음을 터뜨렸다.

펑펑 터지다

— To burst or explode repeatedly/heavily.

샴페인이 펑펑 터지는 소리가 들렸다.

펑펑 쓰다

— To use something (not just money) excessively.

에어컨을 펑펑 쓰면 전기료가 많이 나와요.

눈이 펑펑 쌓이다

— Snow piling up heavily (though '내리다' is more common with '펑펑').

눈이 펑펑 내려서 금방 쌓였어요.

펑펑 울어 대다

— To keep crying heavily (with emphasis on the repetition).

아이가 밤새도록 펑펑 울어 댔다.

펑펑 쏟아붓다

— To pour money or resources into something excessively.

광고에 돈을 펑펑 쏟아부었지만 효과가 없었다.

Souvent confondu avec

펑펑 vs 주룩주룩

Used for rain, while 펑펑 is for snow.

펑펑 vs 퐁퐁

Describes small bubbles or a small spring, while 펑펑 is for large/heavy things.

펑펑 vs 빵빵

Describes something full or a car horn, not falling things.

Expressions idiomatiques

"돈을 물 쓰듯 펑펑 쓰다"

— To spend money as if it were water (very recklessly).

그는 복권에 당첨되자 돈을 물 쓰듯 펑펑 썼다.

Informal/Neutral

"눈물을 펑펑 쏟다"

— To shed a large volume of tears.

그녀는 이별의 아픔에 눈물을 펑펑 쏟았다.

Literary/Neutral

"펑펑 울음보가 터지다"

— To have one's 'crying bag' burst (to start crying uncontrollably).

참고 참았던 펑펑 울음보가 터졌다.

Informal

"펑펑 함박눈이 내리다"

— A standard poetic way to describe the ideal heavy snowfall.

크리스마스에 펑펑 함박눈이 내렸으면 좋겠다.

Neutral

"펑펑 새나가는 돈"

— Money that is leaking out in large amounts due to poor management.

펑펑 새나가는 돈을 막아야 합니다.

Business/Politics

"펑펑 울음을 삼키다"

— To try to swallow or hold back heavy tears (usually used when failing).

그는 펑펑 울음을 삼키려 애썼다.

Literary

"펑펑 쏟아지는 축복"

— Blessings pouring down heavily (metaphorical).

두 사람의 앞날에 축복이 펑펑 쏟아지길.

Formal/Greeting

"펑펑 터지는 웃음"

— Laughter bursting out repeatedly.

개그맨의 농담에 웃음이 펑펑 터졌다.

Informal

"돈이 펑펑 들어오다"

— Money coming in in large amounts (rare but used).

사업이 잘 돼서 돈이 펑펑 들어온다.

Informal

"펑펑 쏟아지는 햇살"

— Sunshine pouring down strongly (uncommon variant).

펑펑 쏟아지는 햇살 아래에서 낮잠을 잤다.

Poetic

Facile à confondre

펑펑 vs 번쩍번쩍

Both are repetitive mimetic words.

번쩍번쩍 is for flashing light; 펑펑 is for falling snow/tears.

별이 번쩍번쩍 빛나요 vs 눈이 펑펑 내려요.

펑펑 vs 뚝뚝

Both describe tears.

뚝뚝 is for large, individual drops falling slowly; 펑펑 is for a continuous, heavy flow.

눈물이 뚝뚝 떨어지다 vs 펑펑 울다.

펑펑 vs 함부로

Both can describe spending money.

함부로 means 'carelessly/without permission'; 펑펑 means 'excessively/recklessly'.

남의 물건을 함부로 쓰지 마세요 vs 돈을 펑펑 쓰지 마세요.

펑펑 vs 펑

펑 is the root of 펑펑.

펑 is a single burst/pop; 펑펑 is a continuous series of bursts or heavy flow.

풍선이 펑 터졌다 vs 눈이 펑펑 내린다.

펑펑 vs 펑펑이

Sounds almost identical.

펑펑이 is a noun for 'a snow blower' or dialect; 펑펑 is the adverb.

펑펑이로 눈을 치워요 vs 눈이 펑펑 와요.

Structures de phrases

눈이 펑펑 [Verb: 오다/내리다].

눈이 펑펑 와요.

[Reason] 때문에 펑펑 울었어요.

영화 때문에 펑펑 울었어요.

돈을 펑펑 쓰면 [Negative Result].

돈을 펑펑 쓰면 거지가 될 거예요.

펑펑 내리는 눈을 보며 [Action].

펑펑 내리는 눈을 보며 산책했어요.

펑펑 쏟아지는 [Noun]은 마치 [Simile].

펑펑 쏟아지는 눈물은 마치 폭포 같았다.

[Subject]이/가 펑펑 [Verb]하는 광경.

눈이 펑펑 내리는 광경은 장관이었다.

Mixed

펑펑 [Verb]기 시작하다.

갑자기 눈이 펑펑 내리기 시작했다.

Mixed

펑펑 [Verb]지 마라.

돈을 그렇게 펑펑 쓰지 마라.

Famille de mots

Verbes

펑펑하다 To be abundant or wide (rarely used in modern Korean).

Apparenté

함박눈 (large snowflakes)

울음 (crying/tears)

소비 (consumption/spending)

폭설 (heavy snow/blizzard)

통곡 (wailing)

Inscris-toi gratuitement pour voir tous les exemples

Comment l'utiliser

frequency

Very high (especially in winter or emotional contexts).

Erreurs courantes

비가 펑펑 와요. → 비가 주룩주룩 와요.
'펑펑' is only for snow. Rain is liquid and needs '주룩주룩'.
돈을 펑펑 아껴요. → 돈을 펑펑 써요.
'펑펑' implies abundance/excess, so it doesn't fit with 'saving' (아끼다).
눈이 펑펑 쌓였어요. → 눈이 소복소복 쌓였어요.
While '펑펑' describes the *falling*, '소복소복' is better for the *piling up* of snow.
별이 펑펑 빛나요. → 별이 반짝반짝 빛나요.
'펑펑' is for falling or bursting, not for twinkling light.
눈물이 펑펑 났어요. (for a small tear) → 눈물이 찔끔 났어요.
'펑펑' is for a large volume of tears, not a small amount.

Astuces

Winter Vocabulary

Pair '펑펑' with '함박눈' (large snowflakes) to describe the most beautiful kind of snow day.

Crying Levels

If you just cried a little, don't use '펑펑'. Use it only when you've really let your emotions out.

Placement

Always place '펑펑' directly before the verb. '펑펑 눈이 와요' is okay, but '눈이 펑펑 와요' is more common.

Money Matters

Use '펑펑' when talking about someone spending their inheritance or winning the lottery to sound idiomatic.

Aspiration

Make sure to puff out air when saying the 'p' (ㅍ) sound. It should be strong!

Rain vs Snow

Memorize: Snow = 펑펑, Rain = 주룩주룩. This is a very common test question for learners.

Vowel Harmony

Remember that '펑펑' (eo) is big/heavy, while '퐁퐁' (o) is small/light.

Drama Watching

When you see a crying scene in a K-Drama, say '펑펑 우네' (They are crying heavily) to practice.

Poetic Flair

Use '펑펑' in poems or journals to make your Korean sound more emotional and natural.

Negative Connotation

Be careful when using '펑펑 쓰다' about someone's spending, as it can be taken as an insult to their financial management.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of 'Pop-Pop'. When it snows heavily, the flakes are so big they 'pop' onto the ground. When you cry heavily, the tears 'pop' out of your eyes.

Association visuelle

Picture a 'P' for 'Pouring' snow and 'P' for 'Pouring' tears. Peong-Peong = Pouring-Pouring.

Word Web

Snow (눈) Tears (눈물) Money (돈) Heavy (많이) Crying (울다) Falling (내리다) Spending (쓰다) Bursting (터지다)

Défi

Try to use '펑펑' in a sentence today to describe either the weather or a movie you watched.

Origine du mot

펑펑 is a pure Korean (Goyueo) word. It is an expansion of the single onomatopoeia '펑' (peong), which imitates the sound of a soft explosion or a sudden release of pressure.

Sens originel : The sound of something bursting or popping.

Koreanic (Native Korean)

Contexte culturel

No specific sensitivities, but be careful not to use '펑펑 쓰다' when someone is being genuinely generous, as it can sound critical.

English speakers might use 'cats and dogs' for rain, but Korean uses '펑펑' only for snow. English uses 'buckets' for tears, similar to '펑펑'.

The song 'First Snow' (첫눈) by EXO often evokes the feeling of snow falling. Many K-Drama scenes where the lead actress cries in the rain (though they should use '주룩주룩' for rain, they often cry '펑펑'). Weather reports during the Siberian Express cold snaps in Korea.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Winter Weather

눈이 펑펑 와요
펑펑 내리는 눈
폭설이 펑펑
내일 눈이 펑펑 올까요?

Watching a Movie

펑펑 울었어요
너무 슬퍼서 펑펑
눈물이 펑펑
주인공이 펑펑 울어요

Financial Advice

돈을 펑펑 쓰다
펑펑 쓰지 마세요
돈이 펑펑 새요
월급을 펑펑

Relationship Problems

싸우고 펑펑 울었어
헤어지고 펑펑
서러워서 펑펑
밤새 펑펑

Celebrations

샴페인이 펑펑
폭죽이 펑펑
웃음이 펑펑
축복이 펑펑

Amorces de conversation

"어제 눈이 펑펑 왔는데 보셨어요? (Did you see the heavy snow yesterday?)"

"슬픈 영화 보고 펑펑 울고 싶을 때가 있나요? (Are there times you want to cry heavily after watching a sad movie?)"

"돈을 펑펑 쓰면 기분이 어떨까요? (How would it feel to spend money recklessly?)"

"한국에서는 눈이 펑펑 오면 보통 뭐 해요? (What do people usually do in Korea when it snows heavily?)"

"최근에 펑펑 울어본 적이 언제예요? (When was the last time you cried your eyes out?)"

Sujets d'écriture

눈이 펑펑 내리는 날에 하고 싶은 일을 써 보세요. (Write about what you want to do on a day when it snows heavily.)

가장 최근에 펑펑 울었던 경험에 대해 써 보세요. (Write about the most recent experience where you cried heavily.)

만약 돈이 아주 많다면 펑펑 쓰고 싶은가요? (If you had a lot of money, would you want to spend it recklessly?)

펑펑 내리는 눈을 보며 느꼈던 감정을 묘사해 보세요. (Describe the emotions you felt while watching heavy snow fall.)

드라마를 보고 펑펑 울었던 장면에 대해 설명해 보세요. (Explain a scene in a drama that made you cry heavily.)

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

No, '펑펑' is strictly for snow or tears. For rain, use '주룩주룩' (juruk-juruk) or '콸콸' (kwalkwal) if it's a flood.

Usually, yes. It implies that the money is being used without much thought or care, similar to 'spending like water' in English.

It is neutral. You can use it with your boss to describe the weather, but you might use more formal terms in a scientific paper.

'엉엉' is the sound of crying (waa-waa), while '펑펑' is the manner/volume of tears. You often use them together: '엉엉 펑펑 울었다'.

If it's bursting out with high pressure, you might use '펑펑 터지다', but for a normal leak, '콸콸' or '뚝뚝' is better.

It's both! It mimics the sound of a soft burst (onomatopoeia) and the visual of heavy falling (mimetic).

It's like the 'u' in 'bus' but with your tongue further back in your mouth. Open your mouth slightly more than for an 'o'.

Yes, '웃음이 펑펑 터지다' is used when someone keeps bursting out laughing.

Yes, it is a common word across the Korean peninsula.

Doubling syllables in Korean (reduplication) often indicates that an action is continuous or large in scale.

Inscris-toi gratuitement pour les astuces et notes