B1 Time Expressions 1 min read Facile

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

To express duration in Romanian, use the preposition 'de' followed by the time period, often paired with the verb 'a sta' or 'a lucra'.

  • Use 'de' + time period for duration: 'Stau aici de două ore.' (I've been here for two hours.)
  • Use 'timp de' for emphasis on the span: 'Am citit timp de o oră.' (I read for an hour.)
  • Use 'până la' for a deadline or end point: 'Lucrez până la ora cinci.' (I work until five.)
Subject + Verb + de + [Time Duration]

Meanings

Duration expressions describe the length of time an action continues or the span of time between two points.

1

Ongoing duration

Action started in the past and continues to the present.

“Lucrez aici de luni.”

“Aștept de zece minute.”

2

Completed span

The total length of time an action lasted.

“Am dormit timp de opt ore.”

“Am călătorit timp de o săptămână.”

Duration Structure

Type Preposition Verb Tense Example
Ongoing de Present Locuiesc aici de 2 ani
Completed timp de Past Am locuit timp de 2 ani
Negative de/timp de Present/Past Nu stau de mult
Question Cât timp Present/Past Cât timp ai stat?
Future de Future Voi sta de mâine
Emphasis pe parcursul Past Am citit pe parcursul a 2 ore

Reference Table

Reference table for Duration Expressions
Form Structure Example
Affirmative (Ongoing) Subject + Verb + de + Time Stau de o oră.
Affirmative (Completed) Subject + Verb + timp de + Time Am stat timp de o oră.
Negative (Ongoing) Nu + Verb + de + Time Nu stau de o oră.
Negative (Completed) Nu + Verb + timp de + Time Nu am stat timp de o oră.
Question Cât timp + Verb? Cât timp ai stat?
Since point de + [Time Point] Stau de luni.
For duration timp de + [Duration] Stau timp de o oră.

Spectre de formalité

Formel
Aștept de o oră.

Aștept de o oră. (Waiting)

Neutre
Aștept de o oră.

Aștept de o oră. (Waiting)

Informel
Stau de o oră.

Stau de o oră. (Waiting)

Argot
Sunt aici de o oră, frate.

Sunt aici de o oră, frate. (Waiting)

Duration Logic

Duration

Ongoing

  • de for/since

Completed

  • timp de for a time of

Tense vs Preposition

Ongoing
de Present Tense
Completed
timp de Past Tense

Choosing the right form

1

Is the action still happening?

YES
Use 'de' + Present
NO
Use 'timp de' + Past

Examples by Level

1

Stau aici de o oră.

I have been here for an hour.

2

Lucrez de luni.

I have been working since Monday.

3

Aștept de zece minute.

I have been waiting for ten minutes.

4

Plouă de dimineață.

It has been raining since morning.

1

Am dormit timp de opt ore.

I slept for eight hours.

2

Am vorbit timp de o oră.

I spoke for an hour.

3

Nu am mâncat timp de o zi.

I haven't eaten for a day.

4

Am citit timp de două ore.

I read for two hours.

1

Locuiesc în Cluj de cinci ani.

I have lived in Cluj for five years.

2

Cât timp ai așteptat?

How long did you wait?

3

Am lucrat la acest proiect timp de o lună.

I worked on this project for a month.

4

Ea învață limba română de șase luni.

She has been learning Romanian for six months.

1

Suntem blocați în trafic de mai bine de o oră.

We have been stuck in traffic for over an hour.

2

Am analizat datele timp de trei zile consecutive.

I analyzed the data for three consecutive days.

3

Ea nu a mai ieșit din casă de săptămâna trecută.

She hasn't left the house since last week.

4

Am discutat despre acest subiect timp de o întreagă după-amiază.

We discussed this topic for a whole afternoon.

1

Proiectul a fost suspendat pe o durată de șase luni.

The project was suspended for a duration of six months.

2

Am parcurs manualul pe parcursul a două săptămâni.

I went through the manual over the course of two weeks.

3

De la începutul anului, am observat o creștere constantă.

Since the beginning of the year, I have observed a constant growth.

4

Am așteptat acest moment timp de decenii întregi.

I have waited for this moment for entire decades.

1

Se află în acest impas de o perioadă considerabilă.

He has been in this impasse for a considerable period.

2

Am fost angajat în această activitate pe parcursul întregii veri.

I was engaged in this activity throughout the entire summer.

3

De milenii, această tradiție a fost păstrată cu sfințenie.

For millennia, this tradition has been kept sacredly.

4

Am fost nevoiți să așteptăm timp de o veșnicie.

We were forced to wait for an eternity.

Easily Confused

Duration Expressions vs De vs De la

Learners mix up duration and starting point.

Duration Expressions vs De vs Timp de

Learners use them interchangeably regardless of tense.

Duration Expressions vs Timp de vs În

Learners use 'în' for duration.

Erreurs courantes

Am stau de o oră.

Stau de o oră.

Don't use past tense for ongoing actions.

Stau o oră.

Stau de o oră.

Missing 'de' makes it sound like a future event or general statement.

Stau din o oră.

Stau de o oră.

'Din' is for points in time, not durations.

Stau pentru o oră.

Stau de o oră.

'Pentru' is not used for duration in this way.

Am lucrat de o oră.

Am lucrat timp de o oră.

Use 'timp de' for completed duration.

Am lucrat pentru o oră.

Am lucrat timp de o oră.

Avoid 'pentru' for time duration.

Am lucrat în o oră.

Am lucrat timp de o oră.

'În' means 'within' or 'in'.

Lucrez de la o oră.

Lucrez de o oră.

'De la' is for starting points, not duration.

Am lucrat de o oră.

Am lucrat timp de o oră.

Consistency is key for past actions.

Lucrez timp de o oră (ongoing).

Lucrez de o oră.

'Timp de' is usually for completed actions.

Am lucrat pe o durată de o oră.

Am lucrat timp de o oră.

While grammatically possible, it's often redundant.

Lucrez de o oră și jumătate.

Lucrez de o oră și o jumătate.

Grammar precision with fractions.

Am lucrat de-a lungul unei ore.

Am lucrat timp de o oră.

Wrong usage of 'de-a lungul'.

Lucrez de la două ore.

Lucrez de două ore.

Incorrect preposition for duration.

Sentence Patterns

Stau aici de ___.

Am lucrat timp de ___.

Cât timp ___ tu aici?

Nu am ___ timp de o oră.

Real World Usage

Social Media very common

Sunt în vacanță de o săptămână! #fericit

Job Interview common

Lucrez în acest domeniu de zece ani.

Travel common

Aștept trenul de o oră.

Food Delivery common

Aștept comanda de o oră, unde este?

Doctor's Office common

Mă doare capul de dimineață.

Texting constant

Te aștept de 10 min, unde ești?

💡

Use the Present

Always use the present tense for ongoing actions, even if you've been doing them for years.
⚠️

Avoid 'pentru'

Don't use 'pentru' for duration. It sounds like you are doing something 'for the sake of' an hour.
🎯

Check the Tense

If the action is finished, switch to past tense and use 'timp de'.
💬

Be Patient

If someone says 'de o oră', they might mean 'a long time' rather than exactly 60 minutes.

Smart Tips

Use 'Locuiesc de...' instead of 'Am locuit de...'.

Am locuit aici de 5 ani. Locuiesc aici de 5 ani.

Always add 'timp de' to avoid ambiguity.

Am lucrat 5 ore. Am lucrat timp de 5 ore.

Start with 'Cât timp' to be clear.

Cât stai? Cât timp stai?

Use 'de' + day name for 'since'.

Stau din luni. Stau de luni.

Prononciation

/de/

De

Pronounced like 'deh'.

/timp de/

Timp de

Timp is pronounced /timp/.

Statement

Stau de o oră. ↘

Neutral tone.

Question

Cât timp ai stat? ↗

Rising intonation at the end.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Remember 'DE' for 'D'uration of 'E'xistence (ongoing).

Visual Association

Imagine a clock with a long hand stretching from the past to the present for 'de', and a box containing a specific amount of time for 'timp de'.

Rhyme

For what is still true, use 'de' for you; for what is all done, 'timp de' is the one.

Story

Maria has been waiting at the station. She says 'Aștept de o oră' (ongoing). Finally, the train arrives. She says 'Am așteptat timp de o oră' (completed).

Word Web

detimp decât timpde lapână laorezileani

Défi

Write 5 sentences about things you have been doing today using 'de'.

Notes culturelles

Romanians are generally flexible with time, but using 'de' correctly shows respect for the other person's time.

Similar usage to Romania, though some regional variations in vocabulary exist.

Often more precise with time expressions due to historical influences.

The use of 'de' comes from Latin 'de', meaning 'from'.

Conversation Starters

De cât timp locuiești în acest oraș?

Cât timp ai lucrat la ultimul tău proiect?

De când înveți limba română?

Cât timp ai așteptat la coadă astăzi?

Journal Prompts

Scrie despre cât timp locuiești în orașul tău.
Descrie o zi de muncă și cât timp ai lucrat.
Povestește despre o așteptare lungă.
Reflectează asupra timpului petrecut învățând româna.

Test Yourself

Fill in the blank with the correct preposition.

Stau aici ___ o oră.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: de
Ongoing action uses 'de'.
Choose the correct sentence. Choix multiple

Which sentence is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Am lucrat timp de o oră.
Completed action uses 'timp de'.
Correct the mistake. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Am locuit aici de doi ani (and I still live here).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Locuiesc aici de doi ani.
Ongoing action requires present tense.
Transform to past tense. Sentence Transformation

Stau de o oră.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Am stat timp de o oră.
Past tense requires 'timp de'.
Is this rule true? True False Rule

We use 'de' for ongoing actions.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: True
Yes, 'de' is for ongoing.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Cât timp ai lucrat? B: ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Am lucrat timp de o oră.
Past tense question needs past tense answer.
Order the words. Sentence Building

o / de / stau / oră

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Stau de o oră.
Correct word order.
Conjugate the verb. Conjugation Drill

Eu (a lucra) de o oră.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: lucrez
Ongoing action needs present tense.

Score: /8

Exercices pratiques

8 exercises
Fill in the blank with the correct preposition.

Stau aici ___ o oră.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: de
Ongoing action uses 'de'.
Choose the correct sentence. Choix multiple

Which sentence is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Am lucrat timp de o oră.
Completed action uses 'timp de'.
Correct the mistake. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Am locuit aici de doi ani (and I still live here).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Locuiesc aici de doi ani.
Ongoing action requires present tense.
Transform to past tense. Sentence Transformation

Stau de o oră.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Am stat timp de o oră.
Past tense requires 'timp de'.
Is this rule true? True False Rule

We use 'de' for ongoing actions.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: True
Yes, 'de' is for ongoing.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Cât timp ai lucrat? B: ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Am lucrat timp de o oră.
Past tense question needs past tense answer.
Order the words. Sentence Building

o / de / stau / oră

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Stau de o oră.
Correct word order.
Conjugate the verb. Conjugation Drill

Eu (a lucra) de o oră.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: lucrez
Ongoing action needs present tense.

Score: /8

FAQ (8)

No, 'de' is for ongoing actions. Use 'timp de' for past.

You can use 'de mult' (for a long time).

It is neutral and very common in both speech and writing.

In Romanian, the present tense indicates the action is still continuing.

Yes, 'de luni' (since Monday).

'De' is for duration, 'de la' is for the starting point.

Some verbs might use different structures, but 'de' is the standard for duration.

Use 'Cât timp' + verb.

In Other Languages

Spanish partial

Llevo + time + gerundio

Spanish uses a specific verb 'llevar', Romanian uses the main verb.

French high

Depuis + time

French 'depuis' is a specific preposition, Romanian 'de' is a general preposition.

German moderate

Seit + time

German 'seit' is strictly for time, Romanian 'de' has many other uses.

Japanese low

Time + kan + verb

Japanese is agglutinative, Romanian is analytic.

Arabic low

Li + time

Arabic has a completely different grammatical system.

Chinese low

Verb + duration

Chinese lacks prepositions for duration.

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