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A2 noun #2,500 le plus courant 5 min de lecture

供应商

gongyingshang
At the A1 level, you just need to know that 供应商 (gōngyìngshāng) means 'supplier'. Think of it as the 'person who gives things to a shop or company'. You might use it in very simple sentences like 'This is our supplier' (这是我们的供应商). It is a bit more formal than 'seller' (卖家), but it is good to recognize it if you work in an office. Focus on the fact that it's a business word. You can remember it by thinking of 'supply' (供) and 'business' (商).
At the A2 level, you should be able to use 供应商 in basic work-related sentences. You will learn to pair it with measure words like '家' (jiā), as in '一家供应商'. You can talk about finding a supplier (找供应商) or the supplier being good or bad. You might say, '他们的供应商很有名' (Their supplier is very famous). You are beginning to understand that this word belongs in a professional setting, distinct from the words you use when buying clothes at a market.
At the B1 level, you can use 供应商 in more complex business discussions. You should be able to talk about the relationship between a company and its suppliers. You might discuss 'evaluating' (评估) or 'selecting' (选择) a supplier. You can understand sentences like '由于供应商的问题，我们的货迟到了' (Because of a problem with the supplier, our goods are late). You start to see compound terms like '主要供应商' (main supplier) and '长期供应商' (long-term supplier).
At the B2 level, you are expected to use 供应商 fluently in professional contexts. You can discuss 'supply chain management' (供应链管理) and the strategic importance of 供应商. You can handle negotiations and discuss 'supplier audits' (供应商审核) or 'supplier diversification' (供应商多元化). You understand the nuances of 'upstream' (上游) and how the supplier fits into the broader economic picture. You can write emails to suppliers regarding quality control or contract terms.
At the C1 level, you understand the strategic and legal implications of the term 供应商. You can discuss complex topics like 'supplier risk management' (供应商风险管理) or 'sustainable procurement' (可持续采购). You are comfortable using the word in high-level business reports, legal contracts, and academic discussions about economics. You can differentiate between various types of suppliers (OEM, ODM, etc.) and discuss the impact of geopolitical factors on global 供应商 networks.
At the C2 level, your mastery of 供应商 is native-like. You can use the term in nuanced rhetorical ways, perhaps discussing the philosophy of 'partnership' versus 'transactional' supplier relationships. You can analyze the systemic impact of 供应商 on a global scale, using sophisticated vocabulary to describe integration, vertical vs. horizontal supply chains, and the digital transformation of 供应商 ecosystems. You can lead high-stakes negotiations and draft comprehensive supplier code of conduct documents.
Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

供应商 en 30 secondes

  • 供应商 (gōngyìngshāng) is the formal Chinese term for 'supplier,' used primarily in business and professional contexts to denote a provider of goods.
  • It is composed of three characters: 供 (supply), 应 (meet demand), and 商 (merchant/business), highlighting its role in the commercial supply chain.
  • Commonly used in phrases like 'supplier management' and 'evaluating suppliers,' it is essential for professional communication and navigating B2B relationships in China.
  • Distinguish it from '卖家' (casual seller) and '厂商' (manufacturer) to ensure accurate and professional usage in various corporate and logistical scenarios.

The term 供应商 (gōngyìngshāng) is a fundamental noun in the Chinese business lexicon, literally translating to 'supply-provide-merchant.' It refers to any individual, business, or entity that provides goods or services to another entity. In the modern globalized economy, a 供应商 is the backbone of the supply chain, representing the 'upstream' part of the production process. Whether you are talking about a small local farmer providing vegetables to a restaurant or a multinational corporation providing microchips to a tech giant, the term remains the same. Understanding this word is crucial for anyone navigating professional environments in China, as it defines the relationship between the source of materials and the consumer or manufacturer.

Etymological Breakdown
The character 供 (gōng) means to supply or provide; 应 (yìng) here relates to meeting a demand or responding to a need; 商 (shāng) refers to a merchant or business entity. Together, they form a 'merchant who responds to supply needs.'
Economic Role
In economic terms, the 供应商 is the 'source' (源头). Without them, the 'downstream' (下游) manufacturers cannot function. This creates a relationship of dependency and strategic partnership.
Formal vs. Informal
While '卖家' (màijiā - seller) is used in casual e-commerce (like Taobao), 供应商 is strictly professional, used in contracts, B2B meetings, and logistics discussions.

"我们需要寻找一个新的供应商来降低原材料成本。"

(We need to find a new supplier to reduce raw material costs.)

"这家供应商的信誉非常好。"

(This supplier's reputation is very good.)

"作为主要的供应商，他们对价格有很大的发言权。"

(As the main supplier, they have a big say in the price.)

"我们要对供应商进行年度审核。"

(We need to conduct an annual audit of our suppliers.)

"合格的供应商必须符合环保标准。"

(Qualified suppliers must meet environmental standards.)

Using 供应商 correctly requires understanding its role as a formal business noun. It is rarely used in casual shopping contexts but is the standard term in corporate, industrial, and logistical settings. You will find it in phrases like 'Supplier Management' (供应商管理) or 'Supplier Evaluation' (供应商评估).

Grammatical Placement

As a noun, it can function as the subject, object, or part of a compound noun. For example:

  • As Subject: 供应商提供了高质量的产品。(The supplier provided high-quality products.)
  • As Object: 我们正在更换供应商。(We are changing suppliers.)
  • As Modifier: 供应商名单 (Supplier list).

Contextual Variations

Depending on the industry, you might specify the type of supplier:

  • 一级供应商 (First-tier supplier): Direct providers to the manufacturer.
  • 长期供应商 (Long-term supplier): Partners with established history.
  • 备选供应商 (Alternative supplier): Backups in case of supply chain disruption.

In a sentence, it often pairs with verbs like 寻找 (xúnzhǎo - look for), 评估 (pínggū - evaluate), 合作 (hézuò - cooperate), and 审核 (shěnhé - audit). For instance, '我们需要评估供应商的资质' (We need to evaluate the supplier's qualifications).

You will encounter 供应商 in several specific environments. Understanding these contexts helps in recognizing the word's weight and implications.

1. Corporate Offices and Meetings

In any meeting involving procurement (采购), logistics (物流), or production (生产), this word is ubiquitous. Managers discuss 'supplier relations' (供应商关系) and 'contract negotiations' (合同谈判).

2. News and Financial Reports

Business news often reports on supply chain issues. You might hear: '由于主要供应商停工，生产线受到影响' (Due to the main supplier's work stoppage, the production line was affected). This is common in reports about tech companies like Apple or Tesla and their vast networks of 供应商.

3. Legal and Formal Documents

Contracts (合同) almost always use 供应商 to define the party providing the goods. It is the legal designation for the 'Seller' in a B2B context.

4. Industrial Parks and Factories

On the ground at manufacturing sites, staff deal with incoming shipments from various 供应商 daily. You'll see signs for 'Supplier Entrance' (供应商入口) or 'Supplier Delivery Area' (供应商卸货区).

Even though the concept is simple, learners often make specific errors when using 供应商.

1. Confusing with 卖家 (Màijiā)

Error: Calling a factory a '卖家' in a business contract.
Correction: Use 供应商. 卖家 is for consumer platforms like Taobao or eBay. 供应商 implies a professional, often recurring, supply relationship.

2. Confusing with 厂商 (Chǎngshāng)

Error: Using them interchangeably in all cases.
Nuance: 厂商 usually refers to the 'manufacturer' or 'factory owner.' While a 厂商 can be a 供应商, a 供应商 could also be a middleman or a service provider who doesn't own a factory.

3. Incorrect Measure Word

Error: 一个供应商 (Yī gè gōngyìngshāng).
Correction: While '个' is grammatically okay, the more professional measure word for companies and businesses is 家 (jiā). Use '一家供应商'.

4. Overlooking the '商'

Error: Just saying '供应' when you mean the person.
Correction: 供应 is a verb (to supply). 供应商 is the noun (the person/entity). Don't drop the '商'.

To truly master 供应商, you must distinguish it from related terms in the business ecosystem.

  • 生产商 (Shēngchǎnshāng) - Manufacturer: Specifically the entity that makes the product. A supplier might just buy and resell, but a manufacturer creates.
  • 代理商 (Dàilǐshāng) - Agent/Distributor: An entity that represents a brand or manufacturer in a specific region. They act as a 供应商 to local shops.
  • 分销商 (Fēnxiāoshāng) - Distributor: Similar to an agent, but usually focused on the logistics of moving goods to retailers.
  • 零售商 (Língshòushāng) - Retailer: The final link in the chain who sells to the end consumer (the opposite end of the 供应商).
  • 承包商 (Chéngbāoshāng) - Contractor: Often used in construction or projects where a specific task is outsourced.

While all these involve '商' (business/merchant), 供应商 is the most general term for anyone providing something to your business.

How Formal Is It?

Formel

""

Informel

""

Niveau de difficulté

Écriture 3/5

Grammaire à connaître

Exemples par niveau

1

他是我们的供应商。

He is our supplier.

Simple A是B structure.

2

这家供应商很大。

This supplier is very big.

Using '家' as a measure word for companies.

3

供应商在哪里？

Where is the supplier?

Basic question word '哪里'.

4

我们要找供应商。

We want to find a supplier.

Verb '找' (to look for).

5

供应商有水果。

The supplier has fruit.

Basic 'Subject + 有 + Object' structure.

6

我不认识那个供应商。

I don't know that supplier.

Negation '不' with '认识'.

7

供应商来了。

The supplier has arrived.

Particle '了' indicating completion.

8

这是供应商的电话。

This is the supplier's phone number.

Possessive '的'.

1

我们需要一家新的供应商。

We need a new supplier.

Using '需要' (need) and '新的' (new).

2

供应商的产品质量很好。

The supplier's product quality is very good.

Compound noun '产品质量'.

3

你可以联系供应商吗？

Can you contact the supplier?

Modal verb '可以' (can).

4

供应商的价格太高了。

The supplier's price is too high.

Adverb '太...了' (too...).

5

我们有很多供应商。

We have many suppliers.

Quantifier '很多'.

6

供应商下周送货。

The supplier will deliver the goods next week.

Time phrase '下周' (next week).

7

这家供应商很有名。

This supplier is very famous.

Adjective '有名' (famous).

8

请给供应商发邮件。

Please send an email to the supplier.

Imperative '请' and '给...发'.

1

由于供应商延迟，我们无法按时交货。

Due to supplier delay, we cannot deliver on time.

Conjunction '由于' (due to).

2

我们必须对供应商进行背景调查。

We must conduct a background check on the supplier.

Structure '对...进行' (to carry out... on).

3

这家供应商符合我们的所有要求。

This supplier meets all our requirements.

Verb '符合' (to meet/comply with).

4

我们需要与供应商商定价格。

We need to negotiate the price with the supplier.

Verb '商定' (to negotiate and decide).

5

供应商提供了详细的报价单。

The supplier provided a detailed quotation.

Noun '报价单' (quotation).

6

我们要建立长期的供应商关系。

We want to establish a long-term supplier relationship.

Phrase '建立...关系'.

7

供应商的信誉对我们非常重要。

The supplier's reputation is very important to us.

Noun '信誉' (reputation/credit).

8

我们需要评估几家备选供应商。

We need to evaluate several alternative suppliers.

Adjective '备选' (alternative/backup).

1

供应商的多元化可以降低供应链风险。

Supplier diversification can reduce supply chain risks.

Abstract noun '多元化' (diversification).

2

我们正在优化供应商管理流程。

We are optimizing the supplier management process.

Verb '优化' (optimize).

3

供应商必须遵守我们的行为准则。

Suppliers must abide by our code of conduct.

Verb '遵守' (abide by) and '行为准则' (code of conduct).

4

由于原材料涨价，供应商要求调整合同。

Due to the rising cost of raw materials, the supplier requested a contract adjustment.

Verb '调整' (adjust).

5

我们对主要供应商进行了实地考察。

We conducted an on-site inspection of our main suppliers.

Phrase '实地考察' (on-site inspection).

6

供应商的响应速度直接影响我们的生产。

The supplier's response speed directly affects our production.

Noun phrase '响应速度' (response speed).

7

我们需要与供应商分担市场风险。

We need to share market risks with our suppliers.

Verb '分担' (to share a burden/risk).

8

这家供应商在行业内拥有领先地位。

This supplier holds a leading position in the industry.

Phrase '拥有领先地位'.

1

供应商的战略协作是企业核心竞争力的重要组成部分。

Strategic collaboration with suppliers is an important component of a company's core competitiveness.

Sophisticated terms like '战略协作' and '核心竞争力'.

2

我们必须防范供应商破产带来的连锁反应。

We must guard against the chain reaction caused by supplier bankruptcy.

Verb '防范' (guard against) and '连锁反应' (chain reaction).

3

供应商的可持续发展表现已纳入我们的考核体系。

Suppliers' sustainability performance has been integrated into our evaluation system.

Term '纳入' (integrate/include) and '考核体系' (evaluation system).

4

建立透明的供应商沟通机制至关重要。

Establishing a transparent supplier communication mechanism is crucial.

Adjective '透明' (transparent) and '至关重要' (crucial).

5

供应商的研发能力是我们选择合作伙伴的关键因素。

The supplier's R&D capability is a key factor in our choice of partners.

Abbreviation '研发' (R&D) and '关键因素' (key factor).

6

我们要通过数字化手段提升供应商协同效率。

We need to improve supplier collaboration efficiency through digital means.

Phrase '数字化手段' and '协同效率'.

7

供应商的地理位置分布影响着我们的物流成本。

The geographical distribution of suppliers affects our logistics costs.

Noun '地理位置分布'.

8

我们与供应商签署了排他性协议。

We signed an exclusivity agreement with the supplier.

Term '排他性协议' (exclusivity agreement).

1

在全球化背景下，供应商网络的韧性成为了企业的生命线。

In the context of globalization, the resilience of the supplier network has become the lifeline of the enterprise.

High-level terms '韧性' (resilience) and '生命线' (lifeline).

2

供应商的合规性审查必须涵盖劳工权益与环境保护。

Supplier compliance audits must cover labor rights and environmental protection.

Formal term '合规性审查' (compliance audit).

3

我们要构建一个互利共赢的供应商生态系统。

We want to build a mutually beneficial supplier ecosystem.

Idiomatic expression '互利共赢' (win-win).

4

供应商的纵向一体化策略改变了行业竞争格局。

The vertical integration strategy of suppliers has changed the competitive landscape of the industry.

Economic term '纵向一体化' (vertical integration).

5

对供应商进行深度赋能是提升整体供应链价值的关键。

Deeply empowering suppliers is key to enhancing the overall supply chain value.

Buzzword '赋能' (empowerment).

6

地缘政治波动迫使我们重新审视供应商的准入标准。

Geopolitical fluctuations have forced us to re-examine supplier entry standards.

Complex term '地缘政治波动'.

7

供应商的信用违约风险是财务部门关注的焦点。

Supplier credit default risk is the focus of the finance department.

Technical term '信用违约风险'.

8

通过供应商早期参与，我们可以显著缩短产品开发周期。

Through early supplier involvement (ESI), we can significantly shorten the product development cycle.

Management concept '早期参与'.

Collocations courantes

主要供应商 (Main supplier)
合格供应商 (Qualified supplier)
长期供应商 (Long-term supplier)
潜在供应商 (Potential supplier)
供应商名单 (Supplier list)
供应商评估 (Supplier evaluation)
供应商管理 (Supplier management)
供应商审核 (Supplier audit)
寻找供应商 (Find a supplier)
更换供应商 (Change suppliers)

Phrases Courantes

供应商关系管理 (SRM)

一级供应商 (Tier 1 supplier)

供应商多元化 (Supplier diversity)

供应商准入 (Supplier entry/onboarding)

供应商绩效 (Supplier performance)

供应商库 (Supplier pool)

供应商协议 (Supplier agreement)

供应商协同 (Supplier collaboration)

供应商开发 (Supplier development)

供应商门户 (Supplier portal)

Souvent confondu avec

供应商 vs 厂商

Manufacturer vs general supplier.

供应商 vs 卖家

Consumer seller vs professional supplier.

供应商 vs 代理商

Agent/middleman vs direct supplier.

Expressions idiomatiques

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

Facile à confondre

供应商 vs

供应商 vs

供应商 vs

供应商 vs

供应商 vs

Structures de phrases

Famille de mots

Apparenté

Comment l'utiliser

Scope

A 供应商 can provide services (like IT) or physical goods.

B2B vs B2C

Use 供应商 for B2B; use 卖家 for B2C.

Erreurs courantes
  • Using '个' instead of '家'.
  • Confusing with '卖家' in a professional contract.
  • Mispronouncing '应' as 1st tone.
  • Forgetting the '商' and just saying '供应'.
  • Using it for a retail customer.

Astuces

Learn the Root

Focus on '商' (merchant) as it appears in many business words like 商业 and 商标.

Business Context

Always use this word in emails to other companies to sound professional.

Measure Words

Practice saying '一家供应商' until it feels natural.

Relationship

Remember that in China, a supplier is often a 'friend' (朋友) in business.

Tone Check

Don't forget the 4th tone on '应'. It's sharp and falling.

Formal Writing

Use 供应商 in contracts instead of 卖方 (Seller) for a more modern feel.

News Keywords

Listen for this word in financial news regarding Apple or Huawei.

Synonym Swap

Try using 合作伙伴 (partner) to soften the tone in negotiations.

The 3-Part Rule

Supply (供) + Respond (应) + Merchant (商).

Daily Practice

Think of three things in your room and guess who their 供应商 might be.

Mémorise-le

Origine du mot

Contexte culturel

Business is personal; trust is built over meals, not just contracts.

Gift-giving is a standard part of supplier relationship maintenance.

Criticizing a supplier publicly can damage the relationship permanently.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Amorces de conversation

"你们的主要供应商是谁？ (Who is your main supplier?)"

"你对现在的供应商满意吗？ (Are you satisfied with your current supplier?)"

"我们需要找一家更便宜的供应商吗？ (Do we need to find a cheaper supplier?)"

"供应商什么时候发货？ (When will the supplier ship the goods?)"

"这家供应商的信誉怎么样？ (How is this supplier's reputation?)"

Sujets d'écriture

Describe a time you had a problem with a supplier.

What qualities make a 'perfect' supplier in your opinion?

Write a short email to a supplier asking for a discount.

How does a supplier affect the success of a business?

Compare two different suppliers you have worked with.

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

They are very similar. 供货商 specifically implies the supply of physical 'goods' (货), while 供应商 is broader and can include services.

Yes, if that person is a formal business provider, but usually it refers to a company.

Yes, it is the standard formal term in business.

The most professional measure word is '家' (jiā).

主要供应商 (zhǔyào gōngyìngshāng).

新的供应商 (xīn de gōngyìngshāng).

Rarely, unless you are discussing your work or a business you own.

供应商管理 (gōngyìngshāng guǎnlǐ).

Yes, e.g., a software supplier.

采购商 (Purchaser) or 客户 (Customer).

Teste-toi 180 questions

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

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