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B1 noun 2 min de lecture

关税

guanshui

Entraîne-toi Exemples

§ What does 关税 (guānshuì) mean and when do people use it?

Let's get straight to it. The Chinese word you need to know is 关税 (guānshuì). It's a noun, and it means 'customs duty' or 'tariff'. If you're importing or exporting goods, you'll definitely hear this word. It's used in business, economics, and everyday news when talking about international trade.

DEFINITION: Customs duty; tariff.

Think of 关税 (guānshuì) as a tax. It's a tax on goods that cross national borders. When a country imposes 关税 (guānshuì), it's usually trying to achieve one of a few things:

To protect its domestic industries from foreign competition.
To generate revenue for the government.
To influence trade relationships with other countries.

You'll hear this word frequently in news reports, especially when there are discussions about trade wars, international agreements, or economic policies. For example, if China and the US are negotiating a trade deal, the topic of 关税 (guānshuì) will be front and center.

政府决定对某些进口商品征收关税。

Translation hint: The government decided to levy tariffs on certain imported goods.

Another common scenario where you'll encounter 关税 (guānshuì) is when you're dealing with international shipping or purchasing items online from overseas. You might see a note that says 'buyers are responsible for any customs duties or taxes', which directly refers to 关税 (guānshuì).

购买海外商品可能需要支付关税。

Translation hint: Buying overseas goods may require paying customs duties.

The word itself is a combination of two characters: 关 (guān), which can mean 'pass' or 'frontier', and 税 (shuì), which means 'tax'. So, literally, it's a 'frontier tax', which makes perfect sense for a customs duty.

Here's another example to solidify your understanding:

降低关税有利于促进国际贸易。

Translation hint: Lowering tariffs is beneficial for promoting international trade.

You'll often see verbs like 征收 (zhēngshōu - to levy/collect) or 降低 (jiàngdī - to lower) used with 关税 (guānshuì). These are good collocations to learn. Knowing these common pairings will help you understand and use 关税 (guānshuì) more naturally.

In summary, 关税 (guānshuì) is a practical, frequently used term in the context of international trade and economics. If you're discussing global commerce, imports, or exports, this word will be a staple in your vocabulary. It's not just a technical term; it has real-world implications for businesses and consumers alike.

Grammaire à connaître

Nouns can be modified by adjectives or numbers followed by a measure word.

高关税 (gāo guānshuì) - high tariffs; 三项关税 (sān xiàng guānshuì) - three tariffs.

Verbs like 征收 (zhēngshōu - to levy) or 降低 (jiàngdī - to lower) often precede 关税.

政府征收关税 (zhèngfǔ zhēngshōu guānshuì) - The government levies tariffs; 降低关税 (jiàngdī guānshuì) - to lower tariffs.

关税 can be used in sentences indicating policy or economic discussions.

讨论关税政策 (tǎolùn guānshuì zhèngcè) - to discuss tariff policies.

It can appear with prepositions like 对 (duì - toward) to specify who or what the tariffs apply to.

对进口商品征收关税 (duì jìnkǒu shāngpǐn zhēngshōu guānshuì) - to levy tariffs on imported goods.

关税 can be combined with other nouns to form compound nouns, indicating a specific type of tariff or duty.

进口关税 (jìnkǒu guānshuì) - import tariffs; 出口关税 (chūkǒu guānshuì) - export tariffs.

Exemples par niveau

这个产品没有关税。

This product has no customs duty.

我们要交关税吗？

Do we need to pay customs duty?

关税太高了。

The customs duty is too high.

他们增加了关税。

They increased the customs duty.

这个国家有很多关税。

This country has a lot of customs duties.

没有关税更好。

No customs duty is better.

降低关税对双方都有益。

Lowering customs duty benefits both sides.

这个礼物没有关税。

This gift has no customs duty.