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B1 verb #2,000 le plus courant 5 min de lecture

联合

liánhé Top 2,000

At the A1 level, you don't need to use '联合' (liánhé) often. Instead, you usually use '一起' (yīqǐ), which means 'together.' However, you might see '联合' in very common names like '联合国' (Liánhéguó), which is the United Nations. Think of '联合' as a big word for 'together' used by countries or big companies. If you see it, just remember it means people or groups are working as one team. It's like when you and your friends play a game together, but much more formal. At this stage, just recognize the characters: '联' (connect) and '合' (join). You don't need to worry about the complex grammar yet. Just know that it means 'united' or 'joint.' For example, if you see '联合' on a sign or in a news title, it means a group effort is happening.

At the A2 level, you start to see '联合' (liánhé) in simple news stories or classroom texts. You should understand that it is a formal way to say 'to unite' or 'to join together.' You might use it in a sentence like '他们联合起来了' (They united). The key difference between '联合' and '一起' is that '联合' is used for organizations or groups, not usually for individuals doing small things. You might see it in the context of a '联合声明' (joint statement) between two schools or two small businesses. It's helpful to remember the phrase '联合起来' (liánhé qǐlái), which means 'to unite together.' This is a very common pattern. When you see this word, think about a formal partnership. It's more than just helping; it's about making a team to reach a big goal.

At the B1 level, you should be able to use '联合' (liánhé) in your writing and speaking, especially when discussing formal topics like business, history, or social issues. You should understand its function as both a verb ('to unite') and an adjective ('joint'). For example, you can talk about '联合开发' (joint development) or '联合行动' (joint action). You should also be able to distinguish it from '合作' (hézuò - to cooperate). While '合作' is about working together, '联合' implies a stronger, more formal alliance. At this level, you will encounter it in texts about international cooperation or corporate mergers. You should practice using the structure 'A 联合 B + Verb' (A unites with B to do something). It is a key word for expressing collaborative efforts in a professional or academic setting.

At the B2 level, you are expected to use '联合' (liánhé) with precision in complex sentences. You should understand its nuances in political and economic contexts. For instance, you might discuss a '联合阵线' (united front) or a '联合公报' (joint communiqué). You should also understand how it differs from '结合' (jiéhé - to combine). While '结合' often refers to the merging of abstract concepts or physical things, '联合' is strictly for the alliance of social or political entities. You should be comfortable using '联合' in formal essays to describe strategic partnerships. You will also see it used in more abstract ways, such as '联合各种力量' (uniting various forces). Your ability to use this word correctly will make your Chinese sound much more professional and sophisticated.

At the C1 level, you should have a deep understanding of '联合' (liánhé) and its role in high-level discourse. You will encounter it in legal documents, diplomatic treaties, and advanced sociological texts. You should be able to analyze the implications of '联合' in different contexts—for example, the difference between a '联合体' (consortium/union) and a simple partnership. You should also be familiar with historical slogans and literary uses of the word. At this level, you can use '联合' to describe complex geopolitical strategies or intricate business maneuvers. You should be able to use it interchangeably with more literary synonyms when appropriate, but recognize that '联合' remains the standard term for formal alliances. Your usage should reflect an understanding of the power dynamics and structural changes that '联合' implies.

At the C2 level, your mastery of '联合' (liánhé) should be near-native. You can use it to discuss the philosophical underpinnings of unification and alliance. You understand its historical weight in Chinese political thought, from the 'United Front' strategies of the 20th century to modern-day multilateralism. You can use the word in highly specialized fields, such as '联合概率' (joint probability) in mathematics or '联合语料库' (aligned corpus) in linguistics. You are capable of using '联合' to craft persuasive arguments in diplomatic or corporate negotiations, choosing it specifically for its connotations of strength, legitimacy, and collective action. You can also appreciate the subtle irony or rhetorical power when the word is used in literature to describe unlikely or forced alliances.

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

联合 en 30 secondes

联合 (liánhé) means to unite or ally, primarily used for organizations, nations, or formal groups rather than individuals.
It functions as a verb (to unite), an adjective (joint), and is a key part of '联合国' (United Nations).
The term implies a formal, strategic partnership where separate entities work together towards a common, often large-scale, goal.
Commonly paired with '起来' (联合起来) to emphasize the act of forming a union or alliance.

At its core, 联合 (liánhé) represents the act of bringing separate entities together to form a single, cohesive force or a collaborative partnership. Etymologically, '联' (lián) suggests connection or alliance, while '合' (hé) signifies joining or closing a gap. Together, they describe a process of unification that is often formal, strategic, or purposeful. Unlike simple words for 'together' like '一起' (yīqǐ), 联合 implies a structural or functional integration.

Core Concept: The synergy created when two or more parties combine their resources, strengths, or intentions to achieve a common goal that would be difficult to reach independently.

各国必须联合起来应对气候变化。 (Countries must unite to tackle climate change.)

In a linguistic sense, 联合 can function as a verb, an adjective, or even part of a compound noun. As a verb, it describes the action of allying. As an adjective, it describes things that are 'joint' or 'combined,' such as a joint statement or a combined effort. This versatility makes it a cornerstone of formal Chinese communication, particularly in political, business, and social contexts.

Semantic Nuance: It carries a sense of equality and mutual benefit. When entities 联合, they usually maintain their individual identities but operate as one for a specific duration or purpose.

这两家公司决定联合开发新产品。 (These two companies decided to jointly develop a new product.)

Historically, the term has been used to describe military alliances and political coalitions. In modern usage, it has expanded into the digital and commercial realms, describing cross-platform integrations and brand collaborations. It is a word that signals professionalism and scale.

Grammatical Flexibility: It can be followed by an object (联合某人) or used with '起来' to emphasize the state of being united (联合起来).

Using 联合 correctly requires understanding its formal tone and its structural requirements in a sentence. It is most frequently used in the context of organizations, governments, or large groups of people. It is rarely used for two friends deciding to go to the movies together.

Structure 1: Verb + Object: Subject + 联合 + Object + Verb Phrase. Example: 我们联合各界力量解决问题 (We unite forces from all sectors to solve the problem).

他们联合发表了一份声明。 (They jointly issued a statement.)

When 联合 is used as an adjective, it often precedes a noun to indicate a 'joint' action or entity. This is common in news headlines and official documents. For example, '联合演习' (joint exercise) or '联合调查' (joint investigation).

Structure 2: Adjectival Use: 联合 + Noun. Example: 联合公报 (Joint Communiqué).

全世界无产者，联合起来！ (Workers of the world, unite!)

In business, 联合 is used to describe mergers or strategic partnerships. If two brands create a product together, it's a '联合品牌' (co-branding). If two departments work on a project, it's a '联合办公' (joint office/coworking).

Common Collocations: 联合行动 (joint action), 联合办学 (joint schooling), 联合阵线 (united front).

You will encounter 联合 most frequently in formal media, news broadcasts, and institutional communications. It is a high-frequency word in the context of international relations and corporate strategy.

International News: Reports on the United Nations (联合国) or joint military drills between nations often use this word.

中外媒体联合采访。 (Joint interview by Chinese and foreign media.)

In the business world, 联合 is used when announcing partnerships. If you are reading a press release about two tech giants working on a new AI standard, 联合 will be the operative verb. It signals a formal agreement rather than a casual chat.

Academic & Scientific Research: Universities often have '联合实验室' (joint laboratories) or publish '联合论文' (joint papers).

这是几家银行联合推出的信用卡。 (This is a credit card jointly launched by several banks.)

In social activism, leaders might call for people to 联合起来 to fight for a cause. It carries a revolutionary or reformist weight in these contexts, suggesting that individual power is insufficient.

While 联合 is a common word, learners often misuse it by applying it to contexts that are too informal or by confusing it with similar terms like '合作' (hézuò) or '结合' (jiéhé).

Mistake 1: Informal Overuse: Incorrect: 我们联合去吃晚饭吧。 (Let's unite to go eat dinner.) Correct: 我们一起去吃晚饭吧。

不要把联合和简单的“一起”混淆。 (Don't confuse 'unite' with simple 'together'.)

Another common error is failing to use '起来' when 联合 is meant to describe the act of forming a union. Without '起来', the sentence can feel incomplete or overly static.

Mistake 2: Missing '起来': Awkward: 我们要联合。 Natural: 我们要联合起来。

Confusing 联合 with 结合 (jiéhé) is also frequent. 结合 implies a physical or chemical blending, or a conceptual merging (like theory and practice), whereas 联合 is about social or political alliance.

Mistake 3: 联合 vs 结合: Use 结合 for: 理论结合实际 (Combine theory with practice). Use 联合 for: 联合声明 (Joint statement).

To master 联合, you must distinguish it from other 'joining' words in Chinese. Each has a specific domain of usage.

联合 (liánhé) vs. 合作 (hézuò): 联合 is more formal and implies a structural union or alliance. 合作 is broader and can be used for any level of cooperation, from two kids playing to two companies working together.

虽然我们是竞争对手，但在环保上可以合作。 (Though we are rivals, we can cooperate on environmental protection.)

联合 (liánhé) vs. 结合 (jiéhé): 结合 focuses on integration or synthesis (e.g., combining two different styles). 联合 focuses on the alliance of entities for a common purpose.

联合 (liánhé) vs. 团结 (tuánjié): 团结 emphasizes internal unity, solidarity, and emotional bonding within a group. 联合 emphasizes the external act of joining separate groups together.

全班同学非常团结。 (The whole class is very united/solidary.)

How Formal Is It?

Formel

Informel

Niveau de difficulté

Grammaire à connaître

Exemples par niveau

联合国在纽约。

The United Nations is in New York.

联合国 (Liánhéguó) is a proper noun.

我们要联合。

We need to unite.

Simple verb usage.

他们是联合队。

They are a joint team.

Used as an adjective.

大家联合起来！

Everyone, unite!

Using '起来' for emphasis.

这是联合商店。

This is a joint store.

Simple adjective.

联合很有力。

Unity is powerful.

Used as a noun/subject.

我们联合工作。

We work jointly.

Adverbial use.

联合是好事。

Uniting is a good thing.

Abstract noun.

这两家公司联合了。

These two companies have united.

Verb with '了' indicating change of state.

他们联合发表了声明。

They jointly issued a statement.

联合 + Verb phrase.

我们联合各界人士。

We unite people from all walks of life.

联合 + Object.

这是一次联合演习。

This is a joint exercise.

联合 as an adjective.

他们决定联合办学。

They decided to run a school jointly.

联合 + Verb.

联合的力量很大。

The power of unity is great.

Noun usage.

我们要联合更多朋友。

We need to unite more friends.

Verb + Object.

他们联合解决了问题。

They jointly solved the problem.

Adverbial use.

中外专家联合开展了调查。

Chinese and foreign experts jointly conducted an investigation.

Formal subject + 联合 + Verb.

为了成功，我们必须联合起来。

In order to succeed, we must unite.

联合起来 as a necessary condition.

这是一份联合公报。

This is a joint communiqué.

Formal terminology.

几家银行联合推出了新服务。

Several banks jointly launched a new service.

Business context.

他们建立了联合阵线。

They established a united front.

Political idiom.

我们要联合各方的资源。

We need to unite resources from all parties.

Abstract object.

这是一次联合军事行动。

This is a joint military operation.

Specific professional context.

联合办公越来越流行。

Co-working is becoming more and more popular.

Modern buzzword.

该项目是多国联合开发的成果。

The project is the result of multi-national joint development.

Complex noun phrase.

各成员国应联合应对经济危机。

Member states should jointly respond to the economic crisis.

Modal verb + 联合.

他们通过联合声明表达了立场。

They expressed their position through a joint statement.

Prepositional phrase with '通过'.

这种联合模式具有创新性。

This joint model is innovative.

Abstract noun usage.

我们要联合一切可以联合的力量。

We must unite all forces that can be united.

Recursive use of the verb.

双方签署了联合开发协议。

Both parties signed a joint development agreement.

Formal legal context.

联合调查组已经成立。

A joint investigation team has been established.

Compound noun.

联合行动有效地打击了犯罪。

The joint action effectively cracked down on crime.

Subject in a complex sentence.

全球化要求各国在安全领域加强联合。

Globalization requires countries to strengthen their alliance in the security field.

Abstract noun as an object of '加强'.

该论文是两所顶尖大学联合研究的产物。

The paper is the product of joint research by two top universities.

Attributive modifier.

联合阵线的形成改变了政治格局。

The formation of the united front changed the political landscape.

Complex subject phrase.

这种跨学科的联合极大地促进了科学进步。

This interdisciplinary union has greatly promoted scientific progress.

Abstract conceptual union.

他们提议建立一个区域性联合体。

They proposed establishing a regional union/consortium.

Noun '联合体'.

在危机时刻，联合是唯一的出路。

In times of crisis, unity is the only way out.

Philosophical statement.

联合声明的措辞经过了反复推敲。

The wording of the joint statement was repeatedly refined.

Focus on linguistic precision.

这种联合不仅是形式上的，更是实质上的。

This union is not just formal, but substantive.

Contrastive structure.

联合概率分布是统计学中的核心概念。

Joint probability distribution is a core concept in statistics.

Highly specialized technical term.

地缘政治的演变促使这些国家寻求更紧密的联合。

Geopolitical evolution has prompted these countries to seek closer alliance.

Advanced geopolitical discourse.

这种联合体现了利益共同体的深刻内涵。

This union embodies the profound connotation of a community of shared interests.

Ideological terminology.

联合执法在打击跨国犯罪中起到了关键作用。

Joint law enforcement has played a key role in combating transnational crime.

Legal/Institutional context.

通过联合攻关，科学家们终于攻克了这一难题。

Through joint research and development, scientists finally overcame this difficult problem.

Idiomatic phrase '联合攻关'.

联合体的解体导致了区域局势的动荡。

The dissolution of the union led to instability in the regional situation.

Political analysis.

这种联合是基于深厚历史渊源的战略选择。

This alliance is a strategic choice based on deep historical roots.

Sophisticated historical context.

联合声明标志着两国关系进入了新阶段。

The joint statement marks the entry of bilateral relations into a new stage.

Diplomatic rhetoric.

Collocations courantes

联合声明

联合行动

联合调查

联合开发

联合演习

联合办公

联合办学

联合签名

联合抵制

联合公报

Phrases Courantes

联合起来

联合国

联合阵线

联合体

联合会

联合创始人

联合主演

联合制片

联合舰队

联合政府

Souvent confondu avec

联合 vs 合作

Cooperation (general) vs. Alliance (formal).

联合 vs 结合

Combining concepts/things vs. Uniting groups.

联合 vs 团结

Internal solidarity vs. External alliance.

Expressions idiomatiques

Facile à confondre

联合 vs

Structures de phrases

Comment l'utiliser

nuance

Implies a formal structure or agreement.

limitations

Not for personal/casual activities.

Erreurs courantes

Using 联合 for casual hangouts.
Forgetting '起来' in the verb form.
Confusing it with '联系' (contact).
Using it for mixing liquids.
Mispronouncing the tones as 1st or 4th.

Astuces

Learn the compounds

Learn '联合国' and '联合声明' first; they are the most common.

Use with '起来'

When you want to say 'unite together' as a verb, always add '起来'.

Formal only

Keep this word for news, business, and formal writing.

Tone check

Make sure you don't say 'liánhé' as 'liánhé' (falling) - keep them rising.

Better than 一起

In professional emails, use '联合' to sound more serious.

News keywords

This is a high-frequency word in CCTV news.

Look for the radical

The '耳' in '联' helps you remember it's about 'connecting' (like ears).

United Front

Understand the '统一战线' to see the word's political power.

The Bridge

Imagine 联合 as a bridge connecting two islands.

Avoid physical mixing

Don't use it for cooking or chemistry.

Mémorise-le

Origine du mot

The character '联' originally referred to ears being connected (as in a string of ears), evolving to mean connection. '合' depicts a lid closing on a container, meaning to join or fit.

Contexte culturel

Reflects the Confucian emphasis on harmony and collective action over individualism.

Key term in CCP history (e.g., the second United Front).

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Amorces de conversation

"你觉得这两个品牌联合推出的产品怎么样？"

"我们应该如何联合各部门的资源？"

"你对联合国的作用有什么看法？"

"这两家公司为什么要联合？"

"我们能联合起来解决这个社区问题吗？"

Sujets d'écriture

描述一次你与他人联合完成任务的经历。

你认为联合的力量在现代社会中有多重要？

如果两个国家要联合，最大的挑战是什么？

写一段关于‘联合’如何改变历史的文字。

讨论联合办公空间的优缺点。

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

Usually no, unless they are acting as formal representatives of groups. For two friends, use '合作' or '一起'.

联合 is the action or adjective (unite/joint), while 联盟 is the noun (alliance/league).

Yes, it is the standard official translation.

Not necessarily. It can be for a single '联合行动' (joint action).

No, that is incorrect. You can say '握手' (shake hands) or '联结' (connect).

Yes, in terms like '联合概率' (joint probability).

It is usually '合资企业', but '联合经营' is also used.

Yes, meaning 'union' or 'unification,' though '联合体' is more common for the entity.

Both characters are second tone (rising).

Yes, it is a standard B1/B2 level vocabulary word.