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B1 adjective #4,000 सबसे आम 10 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

不良

शीर्ष 4,000

इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव 不良 30 सेकंड में

व्याख्या 不良 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you primarily learn the word 'warui' for 'bad.' However, you might encounter 'furyou' in very specific compound words like 'furyou-hin' (broken/defective item) if you are shopping or working in a simple environment. At this stage, just recognize that 'fu' means 'not' and 'ryou' means 'good.' If you see these two characters together on a sign or a product label, it usually means something is wrong or broken. Do not worry about using it in complex sentences yet. Just remember: 不 (No) + 良 (Good) = Bad quality. You might also see it in anime where characters with pompadours and long jackets are called 'furyou.' In this context, it just means 'the bad kids' in school. It is a useful word for identifying character archetypes early on.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

At the A2 level, you can begin to use 'furyou' in simple compound nouns. You should be able to identify 'furyou-hin' (defective product) and understand when someone says 'taichou-furyou' (poor health) in a formal setting. You are learning that Japanese has different levels of formality, and 'furyou' is a step above the basic 'warui.' You might use it to explain why you are absent from class in a polite email: 'Taichou-furyou no tame, yasumimasu.' You also start to see it in weather contexts, like 'tenkou-furyou.' This level is about recognizing that 'furyou' describes a state or condition rather than just a subjective feeling. It is an objective 'badness' that often requires a reason or leads to a consequence, such as a cancellation or a return.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

At the B1 level, you should actively use 'furyou' as a na-adjective and understand its social connotations. You can describe someone's behavior as 'furyou-na' and discuss the concept of 'furyou shounen' (delinquent youth). You will encounter this word in news articles about school issues or product recalls. You should also be comfortable with medical terms like 'shouka-furyou' (indigestion) and 'kekkou-furyou' (poor circulation). At this level, you begin to see the word in economic contexts, such as 'furyou saiken' (bad debt). You are expected to distinguish between 'warui' (general badness) and 'furyou' (failure to meet standards). You can use it to describe technical failures, social deviance, and physical ailments with more precision than an A2 student.

At the B2 level, you use 'furyou' in abstract and professional contexts. You understand terms like 'seibi-furyou' (improper maintenance) in legal or mechanical reports. You can discuss the 'furyou-ritsu' (defect rate) in a business presentation. You understand the nuance of 'furyou' as 'non-performing' in financial terms. You can also analyze the cultural history of 'furyou' subcultures in Japan, such as the transition from 'sukeban' and 'bousouzoku' to modern delinquents. You are able to use the word to describe complex situations where something is not functioning according to its intended design, whether that is a social system, a biological process, or a piece of machinery. Your vocabulary includes specific collocations like 'shikai-furyou' (poor visibility) and 'setsuzoku-furyou' (poor connection).

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

At the C1 level, you have a nuanced understanding of 'furyou' and its synonyms like 'soaku,' 'hikou,' and 'otoru.' You can use 'furyou' in academic writing or high-level business negotiations. You understand the legal implications of 'furyou-hin' in consumer protection laws. You can discuss the sociological roots of 'furyou' behavior in the Japanese education system. You use the word to describe systemic failures, such as 'kinou-furyou' (dysfunction) in an organization. You are aware of the subtle differences in tone between 'furyou' and its more formal counterparts. You can interpret the use of 'furyou' in literature or social commentary, where it might be used ironically or to evoke a specific era of Japanese history. Your usage is precise, context-aware, and grammatically flawless.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

At the C2 level, you possess a native-like command of 'furyou' in all its technical, social, and literary dimensions. You can navigate the most complex technical manuals where 'furyou' describes specific failure modes. You can engage in deep philosophical or sociological debates about what constitutes 'furyou' in a modern, changing society. You understand the etymological roots of the word and how its usage has evolved over centuries. You can write official reports on 'furyou saiken' (bad debt) or 'seibi-furyou' (improper maintenance) with perfect professional register. You also understand the poetic or metaphorical uses of the word in contemporary media. You are capable of distinguishing between 'furyou' and every other synonym with absolute clarity, choosing the word that perfectly matches the required level of formality and technical accuracy.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव

不良 30 सेकंड में

Means 'bad,' 'poor,' or 'defective' in terms of quality or function.
Means 'delinquent' when referring to people, especially youth.
Commonly used in compound nouns like 不良品 (defective product).
More formal and specific than the general adjective 悪い (warui).

The Japanese word 不良 (ふりょう - furyou) is a multifaceted na-adjective that primarily translates to 'bad,' 'poor,' 'defective,' or 'delinquent.' It is composed of two kanji: 不 (negative/not) and 良 (good/excellent). Unlike the general word for 'bad' (warui), furyou is typically used in specific contexts involving quality standards, health conditions, or social behavior. When you describe an object as furyou, you are indicating that it fails to meet a required standard or is functionally deficient. When used to describe a person, particularly a young person, it refers to delinquency or a rebellious lifestyle that deviates from social norms.

Quality and Standards: In manufacturing and commerce, this word is essential. A 'defective product' is called 不良品 (furyouhin). This isn't just a 'bad' product in a subjective sense; it is a product that does not work as intended or has a physical flaw. If a machine is in 'poor condition,' you might say it is in a state of 整備不良 (seibi furyou), meaning poor maintenance.

この工場では不良品の発生率を抑えることが課題です。(Reducing the occurrence of defective products is a challenge in this factory.)

Social Delinquency: In a social context, furyou refers to 'juvenile delinquents' or 'hoodlums.' You will often see this in anime or manga depicting 'Yankee' culture. A 不良少年 (furyou shounen) is a boy who skips school, gets into fights, or smokes underage. It implies a deviation from the expected 'good student' path in Japanese society.

彼は昔、不良グループに入っていました。(He used to be in a delinquent group.)

Biological and Physical Conditions: The word also appears in medical or biological terms to describe poor bodily functions. Common examples include 消化不良 (shouka furyou) for indigestion or 血行不良 (kekkou furyou) for poor blood circulation. It suggests that a natural process is not functioning at its 'good' or 'optimal' level.

最近、運動不足のせいで血行が不良です。(Lately, my blood circulation has been poor due to a lack of exercise.)

Furthermore, in the world of finance, you will hear the term 不良債権 (furyou saiken), which refers to non-performing loans or 'bad debt.' This usage highlights the 'non-functioning' or 'failed' aspect of the word. Whether it is a student failing to follow rules, a stomach failing to digest food, or a loan failing to be repaid, furyou consistently points to a failure to meet a standard of 'goodness' or 'utility.'

政府は不良債権の処理を急いでいます。(The government is rushing to handle non-performing loans.)

天候不良のため、試合は中止になりました。(The match was canceled due to poor weather conditions.)

Using 不良 correctly requires understanding its role as a na-adjective and its tendency to form compound nouns. In Japanese grammar, na-adjectives (also known as adjectival nouns) require the particle na when modifying a noun directly. For example, to say 'a delinquent student,' you would say furyou-na gakusei. However, in practice, furyou is so commonly associated with certain nouns that it often merges with them to form a single compound noun, dropping the na. For instance, furyou shounen (delinquent boy) is more common than furyou-na shounen.

Describing Quality: When you want to state that the quality of something is poor, you use furyou. This is often seen in formal reports or technical assessments. It sounds much more professional than the simple warui.

製品の品質が不良であるため、返品を受け付けます。(Since the quality of the product is poor, we will accept returns.)

Describing People: When describing a person's character or behavior as 'delinquent,' furyou is the standard term. It carries a connotation of rebellion against society or authority. In recent years, it is also used somewhat nostalgically to refer to the 'bad boy' archetypes of the 80s and 90s.

彼は中学時代、少し不良っぽかった。(He was a bit delinquent-like during his middle school days.)

Medical and Health Patterns: In health contexts, furyou is used to describe functions that are not working properly. It is frequently paired with ni naru (to become) or de aru (to be).

ストレスで消化不良を起こしてしまった。(I ended up with indigestion due to stress.)

One interesting usage is in the phrase tenkou-furyou (poor weather). While you can say tenki ga warui (the weather is bad), tenkou-furyou is the formal way to state that weather conditions are unfavorable for an event or activity. This illustrates the word's role in professional and formal communication.

作物の生育は、日照不足による生育不良が懸念されています。(There are concerns about poor crop growth due to lack of sunlight.)

足の血行不良を改善するためにマッサージをする。(I massage my legs to improve poor blood circulation.)

The word 不良 echoes through various sectors of Japanese life, from the gritty streets of Shinjuku to the high-tech factories of Toyota. Understanding where it appears helps you grasp its cultural weight. In daily life, you might hear it on the news during economic reports or see it in a school setting. It is a word that bridges the gap between technical terminology and social commentary.

In Schools and Media: If you watch Japanese dramas like 'Gokusen' or 'Great Teacher Onizuka,' the concept of the furyou is central. Here, it describes students who dye their hair, modify their uniforms, and hang out in groups after school. It represents a specific subculture of youth rebellion. Teachers and parents use the word with a mix of concern and authority. It is the official term used by the school board to categorize 'troubled' students.

あの学校には不良が多いという噂だ。(Rumor has it that there are many delinquents in that school.)

In Business and Manufacturing: In the Japanese business world, quality control (QC) is paramount. You will frequently hear about furyou-ritsu (defect rate). A company's reputation depends on keeping this rate as low as possible. In a retail setting, if you bring back a broken toaster, the clerk might apologize for the furyouhin. It is the polite and professional way to acknowledge a product failure without using overly emotional language.

検品の結果、いくつかの不良箇所が見つかりました。(As a result of the inspection, several defective parts were found.)

In Financial News: The term furyou saiken (bad loans) was a buzzword during the Japanese asset price bubble burst. Even today, when discussing banking stability, this term is used to describe loans that are unlikely to be recovered. It sounds clinical and serious, reflecting the gravity of financial instability.

銀行は不良債権の早期処理を求められている。(Banks are being asked to process bad loans quickly.)

Finally, you will hear it in weather reports. If a flight is delayed or a festival is canceled, the reason given is often tenkou-furyou. It is the standard 'act of God' or 'unfavorable conditions' phrase. By using furyou, the speaker implies that the situation is objectively outside the acceptable range for safety or success.

視界不良のため、車の運転には注意してください。(Please be careful driving due to poor visibility.)

電波が不良で、電話が途中で切れてしまった。(The signal was poor, and the call got cut off halfway.)

While 不良 is a versatile word, English speakers often misapply it by treating it as a direct synonym for 'bad' in every situation. In Japanese, 'bad' is a broad category, and furyou only covers a specific subset of that category. Understanding these boundaries is key to sounding like a native speaker.

Mistake 1: Using it for Subjective 'Bad': If you eat a piece of cake and think it tastes bad, you cannot use furyou. You must use mazui or oishikunai. Furyou refers to quality standards or delinquency, not personal taste. Similarly, if a movie is boring, it is tsumaranai, not furyou.

❌ このラーメンは品質が不良だ。(This ramen has poor quality - sounds like a laboratory report, not a complaint about taste.)

Mistake 2: Confusing 'Evil' with 'Delinquent': In English, a 'bad person' could be a murderer or just someone who doesn't recycle. In Japanese, a truly 'evil' person or a villain in a story is akunin (悪人). A furyou is specifically a 'delinquent'—someone who breaks rules or is rebellious, often youth-oriented. Calling a supervillain a furyou would make them sound like a high school punk rather than a serious threat.

❌ あの殺人犯は不良だ。(That murderer is a delinquent - sounds far too weak.)

Mistake 3: Forgetting the 'Na': Because furyou is often seen in compound nouns (like furyouhin), students often forget that it needs na when used as a standalone adjective modifying a noun. For example, 'poor posture' is furyou-na shisei. However, even here, many natives would prefer the compound shisei-furyou.

❌ 不良姿勢は肩こりの原因です。(Delinquent posture... - missing the 'na' or proper compound structure.)

Another subtle mistake is using furyou for 'feeling sick.' If you have a cold, you say taichou ga warui (my condition is bad). You can say taichou-furyou, but this sounds more like a formal medical status. If you're talking to a friend, furyou is too stiff and clinical.

❌ 今日はちょっと不良だから休みます。(I'm a bit delinquent today, so I'll rest - sounds like you're skipping school to be a rebel, not because you're sick.)

彼女は不良な仲間と付き合っている。(She is hanging out with delinquent companions.)

Japanese has many words for 'bad' or 'poor,' and choosing the right one depends on the context. 不良 occupies a specific niche between 'defective' and 'rebellious.' Here is how it compares to its closest neighbors.

不良 (Furyou) vs. 悪い (Warui): 悪い is the general, all-purpose word for 'bad.' It covers everything from 'bad weather' to 'bad personality' to 'bad food.' 不良 is more formal and specific. While tenki ga warui is common speech, tenkou-furyou is for official announcements. Use furyou when there is a standard that hasn't been met.

不良 (Furyou) vs. 粗悪 (Soaku): 粗悪 (そあく) specifically means 'shoddy' or 'low quality' in terms of materials or workmanship. While a furyouhin might be a one-off mistake in a good batch, a soakuhin is a product that was made poorly from the start using cheap materials. Soaku is an indictment of the production process itself.

粗悪な材料を使っているため、すぐに壊れてしまった。(It broke immediately because they used shoddy materials.)

不良 (Furyou) vs. 非行 (Hikou): When talking about delinquents, 非行 (ひこう) is the more formal, sociological term for 'misconduct' or 'delinquency.' A person is a furyou (the noun/adjective for the person), but they commit hikou (the act). You might say hikou ni hashiru (to turn to delinquency).

青少年の非行防止キャンペーンが行われています。(A campaign to prevent juvenile delinquency is being held.)

不良 (Furyou) vs. 欠陥 (Kekkan): 欠陥 (けっかん) means 'defect' or 'flaw.' While furyou is an adjective describing the state of being bad, kekkan is a noun referring to the specific flaw. A furyouhin (defective product) is a product that has a kekkan (defect).

その車にはブレーキに重大な欠陥があった。(That car had a serious defect in its brakes.)

In slang, you might hear gureru (to go bad/become a delinquent). This is a verb and is much more informal than furyou ni naru. If you want to describe the 'vibe' of a delinquent, you might use yanki-ppoi (Yankee-like).

親に反発して、彼はぐれてしまった。(Rebelling against his parents, he went astray.)

How Formal Is It?

रोचक तथ्य

The kanji '良' originally depicted a grain-filtering tool, implying something that has been refined and is of high quality. Adding '不' negates this refinement.

उच्चारण मार्गदर्शिका

UK fɯ.ɾʲoː

US fu.rjoʊ

Heiban (Flat) style. The pitch stays relatively level throughout the word.

तुकबंदी

苦労 (kurou) 無料 (muryou) 受領 (juryou) 主流 (shuryuu - near rhyme) 浮遊 (fuyuu) 主流 (shuryuu) 狩猟 (shuryou) 不漁 (furyou - same sound, different kanji meaning 'poor catch of fish')

आम गलतियाँ

Pronouncing 'fu' with too much lip contact (it should be a soft breathy sound).
Making the 'r' sound like an English 'r'.
Shortening the final 'ou' sound.
Confusing the pitch with 'furyou' (unnecessary/not used) - though this is rare.
Over-emphasizing the 'u' in 'fu'.

कठिनाई स्तर

पठन 3/5

The kanji are relatively simple (JLPT N4/N3 level).

लिखना 3/5

Both kanji are common, but 'ryou' has several similar-looking characters.

बोलना 2/5

Pronunciation is straightforward, though the long vowel 'ou' must be clear.

श्रवण 3/5

Can be confused with 'furyou' (unnecessary) if not careful with context.

आगे क्या सीखें

पूर्वापेक्षाएँ

不 (not) 良い (good) 悪い (bad) 品 (item) 少年 (boy)

आगे सीखें

非行 (delinquency) 欠陥 (defect) 劣悪 (terrible) 債権 (loan/credit) 良好 (good condition)

उन्नत

粗悪 (shoddy) 不備 (deficiency) 不調 (out of form) 更生 (rehabilitation) 逸脱 (deviation)

ज़रूरी व्याकरण

Na-adjectives modifying nouns

不良な姿勢 (A bad posture)

Compound Noun Formation

不良 + 品 = 不良品 (Defective product)

〜のため (Reason/Cause)

天候不良のため中止 (Canceled due to poor weather)

〜による (Caused by)

管理不良による事故 (Accident caused by poor management)

〜っぽくなる (Becoming like...)

不良っぽくなる (To become like a delinquent)

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण

これは不良品です。

This is a defective product.

不良品 (furyouhin) is a common compound noun.

彼は不良です。

He is a delinquent.

Here, 不良 (furyou) is used as a noun meaning 'delinquent'.

体調が不良です。

My physical condition is poor.

A formal way to say you feel sick.

不良品を返します。

I will return the defective product.

Object + particle を + verb.

あの人は不良ですか？

Is that person a delinquent?

Question form using ですか.

不良品はどこですか？

Where are the defective products?

Basic location question.

天候不良で休みです。

Closed due to poor weather.

天候不良 (tenkou furyou) means poor weather.

不良な子供。

A delinquent child.

Using 'na' to modify a noun.

消化不良で、お腹が痛いです。

I have a stomachache due to indigestion.

消化不良 (shouka furyou) is the standard term for indigestion.

天候不良のため、イベントは中止です。

The event is canceled due to poor weather.

〜のため (tame) indicates a reason.

整備不良の車は危険です。

Cars with poor maintenance are dangerous.

整備不良 (seibi furyou) refers to lack of maintenance.

このパソコンは接続が不良です。

This computer has a poor connection.

接続不良 (setsuzoku furyou) is used for technical connections.

不良グループに入らないでください。

Please don't join delinquent groups.

〜ないでください (naide kudasai) for a request.

最近、血行が不良で足が冷たいです。

Lately, my circulation is poor and my feet are cold.

血行不良 (kekkou furyou) refers to circulation.

不良品を新品と交換しました。

I exchanged the defective item for a new one.

A と B を交換する (exchange A for B).

彼は昔、不良少年でした。

He used to be a delinquent boy.

Past tense of 'desu'.

不良債権の処理が経済の課題です。

Handling bad debt is a challenge for the economy.

不良債権 (furyou saiken) is a key economic term.

視界不良のため、スピードを落として運転してください。

Please drive at a reduced speed due to poor visibility.

視界不良 (shikai furyou) is common in traffic safety.

その工場は、不良品の発生率を半分に減らした。

That factory reduced the defect rate by half.

発生率 (hasseiritsu) means occurrence rate.

栄養不良で倒れてしまった。

He collapsed due to malnutrition.

栄養不良 (eiyou furyou) means malnutrition.

不良な仲間との付き合いを断つべきだ。

You should cut ties with delinquent companions.

〜べきだ (bekida) indicates an obligation.

この地域は電波が不良で、電話が繋がりにくい。

The signal is poor in this area, making it hard to connect calls.

繋がりにくい (tsunagarinikui) means 'hard to connect'.

日照不足による作物の生育不良が心配だ。

I'm worried about the poor growth of crops due to lack of sunlight.

生育不良 (seikuu furyou) means poor growth/development.

彼は不良から立ち直り、今は立派な大人だ。

He recovered from being a delinquent and is now a fine adult.

立ち直る (tachinaoru) means to recover/get back on one's feet.

銀行は不良債権の早期処理を迫られている。

Banks are being pressured to process bad loans early.

迫られる (semarareru) is the passive of 'to press/urge'.

製品に重大な不良が見つかったため、リコールが発表された。

A recall was announced because a serious defect was found in the product.

リコール (rikouru) is a loanword for 'recall'.

管理不良による事故が多発している。

Accidents due to poor management are occurring frequently.

管理不良 (kanri furyou) means poor management.

心臓の機能が不良で、手術が必要になった。

His heart function was poor, so surgery became necessary.

機能不良 (kinou furyou) means dysfunction.

不良な姿勢を続けると、腰痛の原因になります。

Continuing poor posture will cause lower back pain.

不良な姿勢 (furyou-na shisei) means bad posture.

彼は不良グループのリーダーとして恐れられていた。

He was feared as the leader of a delinquent group.

〜として (toshite) means 'as'.

燃料の品質が不良だったため、エンジンが故障した。

The engine broke down because the fuel quality was poor.

品質 (hinshitsu) means quality.

運動不足による血行不良を改善する方法を教えてください。

Please tell me how to improve poor circulation caused by lack of exercise.

改善する (kaizen suru) means to improve.

この論文は、少年の非行と家庭環境の不良の関係を論じている。

This paper discusses the relationship between juvenile delinquency and poor home environments.

家庭環境の不良 (katei kankyou no furyou) is formal sociological phrasing.

企業のガバナンスが機能不良に陥っている。

The company's governance is falling into dysfunction.

機能不良 (kinou furyou) is a formal term for dysfunction.

不良在庫の山を抱え、経営が圧迫されている。

Carrying a mountain of dead stock is putting pressure on the management.

不良在庫 (furyou zaiko) means dead stock or unsellable inventory.

整備不良が原因で起きた墜落事故の調査が進んでいる。

The investigation into the plane crash caused by poor maintenance is progressing.

墜落事故 (tsuiraku jiko) means a crash accident (usually aircraft).

彼は自らの不良な過去を清算し、社会貢献に励んでいる。

He has settled his delinquent past and is now striving for social contribution.

過去を清算する (kako o seisan suru) means to settle/clear one's past.

日照不良が続き、野菜の価格が高騰している。

Poor sunshine has continued, and vegetable prices are skyrocketing.

高騰する (koutou suru) means to skyrocket/surge in price.

通信不良により、重要なデータが消失してしまった。

Due to a communication failure, important data was lost.

通信不良 (tsuushin furyou) means communication failure/poor signal.

この地域は治安不良のため、夜間の外出は控えるべきだ。

Because of poor public safety in this area, you should refrain from going out at night.

治安不良 (chian furyou) means poor public security.

経済界全体が不良債権の抜本的処理に乗り出した。

The entire business world has set out on a fundamental handling of bad loans.

抜本的 (bapponteki) means fundamental/drastic.

その法案は、不良な住宅環境を改善することを目的としている。

The bill aims to improve poor housing environments.

法案 (houan) means a bill/draft law.

彼は不良債権を抱えた銀行の再建に尽力した。

He devoted himself to the reconstruction of a bank burdened with bad loans.

再建に尽力する (saiken ni jinryoku suru) means to strive for reconstruction.

作物の生育不良は、単なる天候のせいだけではなく、土壌の管理不良にも起因する。

Poor crop growth is caused not just by weather but also by poor soil management.

起因する (kiin suru) means to be caused by/stem from.

組織内のコミュニケーション不良が、プロジェクトの失敗を招いた。

Communication failure within the organization led to the project's failure.

〜を招く (o maneku) means to bring about/lead to (usually something bad).

整備不良の放置は、法的な責任を問われる可能性がある。

Neglecting poor maintenance could lead to legal liability.

責任を問われる (sekinin o towareru) means to be held responsible.

その地域の治安不良は、社会的な格差の拡大と密接に関係している。

The poor public safety in that region is closely related to the widening social gap.

密接に関係している (missetsu ni kankei shite iru) means closely related.

不良品の混入を未然に防ぐため、検品体制を強化した。

To prevent the mixing in of defective products, we strengthened the inspection system.

未然に防ぐ (mizen ni fusegu) means to prevent beforehand.

सामान्य शब्द संयोजन

不良品

不良債権

不良少年

消化不良

血行不良

天候不良

視界不良

整備不良

成績不良

生育不良

सामान्य वाक्यांश

不良になる

— To become a delinquent or to go bad. Used for youth rebelling.

彼は高校生になってから不良になった。

不良品が出る

— For defective products to appear or be produced.

このラインからは不良品がよく出る。

体調不良で休む

— To take a day off due to poor health. A very common formal excuse.

今日は体調不良で休みます。

不良在庫を抱える

— To be stuck with unsellable inventory.

売れない商品が不良在庫になっている。

接続不良を確認する

— To check for a poor connection (electrical or internet).

ケーブルの接続不良を確認してください。

不良グループ

— A gang or group of delinquents.

不良グループとのトラブル。

発育不良

— Poor growth or development in children or plants.

子供の発育不良を心配する。

管理不良

— Poor management or lack of oversight.

マンションの管理不良。

日照不良

— Lack of sunlight (affecting crops).

今年の夏は日照不良だ。

機能不良

— Dysfunction or failure to function properly.

心臓の機能不良。

अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है

不良 vs 不調 (fuchou)

Fuchou is for being 'out of form' or 'not in good shape' (temporary). Furyou is for being 'substandard' or 'defective' (state).

不良 vs 不要 (fuyou)

Fuyou means 'unnecessary.' It sounds similar but the meaning is completely different.

不良 vs 浮遊 (fuyuu)

Fuyuu means 'floating.' It is a homophone in some contexts but usually clear from kanji.

मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ

"消化不良に終わる"

— To end without a full understanding or satisfactory conclusion. Metaphorical use of 'indigestion'.

話し合いは消化不良に終わった。

Idiomatic

"不良のレッテルを貼られる"

— To be labeled as a delinquent.

一度不良のレッテルを貼られると、なかなか剥がせない。

Common

"不良の道に走る"

— To go down the path of delinquency.

寂しさから不良の道に走ってしまった。

Dramatic

"不良債権化する"

— To turn into a bad loan (often used metaphorically for a failed investment).

そのプロジェクトは不良債権化している。

Business

"不良っぽく振る舞う"

— To act like a delinquent (often to look cool).

彼はわざと不良っぽく振る舞っている。

Casual

"不良品扱いにされる"

— To be treated like a defective product (often used for people being ignored or discarded).

会社で不良品扱いにされて悔しい。

Metaphorical

"不良の巣窟"

— A den of delinquents.

あの古い公園は不良の巣窟だ。

Literary

"精神の不良"

— Moral decay or a bad mental state.

精神の不良が社会問題になっている。

Formal

"不良化を防ぐ"

— To prevent someone from becoming a delinquent.

地域のパトロールで子供の不良化を防ぐ。

Formal

"不良の溜まり場"

— A hangout for delinquents.

コンビニの前が不良の溜まり場になっている。

Common

आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले

不良 vs 不備 (fubi)

Both mean something is wrong.

Fubi means something is missing or incomplete (like a form). Furyou means the quality is bad or it's broken.

書類に不備がある (The documents are incomplete).

不良 vs 不作 (fusaku)

Both used for crops.

Fusaku means a bad harvest (quantity). Seikuu-furyou means poor growth (quality/state).

今年は米が不作だ (This year is a bad harvest for rice).

不良 vs 不潔 (fuketsu)

Both start with 'fu'.

Fuketsu means 'unclean' or 'dirty.' Furyou means 'bad quality' or 'delinquent.'

不潔な部屋 (A dirty room).

不良 vs 不快 (fukai)

Both start with 'fu'.

Fukai means 'unpleasant' or 'uncomfortable.' It's about feelings.

不快な音 (An unpleasant sound).

不良 vs 不通 (futsuu)

Both used for technical issues.

Futsuu means 'cut off' or 'suspended' (like a line). Furyou means 'poor' (like a weak signal).

電話が不通になる (The phone line is cut off).

वाक्य संरचनाएँ

これは不良品です。

[Noun]は不良です。

接続は不良です。

[Reason]で[Noun]不良になる。

食べ過ぎで消化不良になる。

[Noun]不良のため、[Action]。

天候不良のため、中止します。

[Noun]の不良が[Result]を招く。

管理の不良が事故を招く。

[Abstract Noun]の機能不良を是正する。

組織の機能不良を是正する。

不良な[Noun]を[Verb]。

不良な仲間を避ける。

不良債権の[Verb]。

不良債権の処理を進める。

शब्द परिवार

संज्ञा

不良品 (defective product)

不良債権 (bad loan)

不良少年 (delinquent boy)

不良少女 (delinquent girl)

非行 (delinquency)

क्रिया

ぐれる (to go bad/become a delinquent)

不良化する (to become delinquent)

विशेषण

不良な (bad/defective)

悪い (bad)

劣悪な (terrible/poor)

इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें

frequency

High in technical, medical, and news contexts.

सामान्य गलतियाँ

Using 'furyou' for bad taste. → Mazui (まずい)
'Furyou' is for quality standards, not personal sensory experiences like taste.
Saying 'furyou' when you have a cold. → Kaze (かぜ) / Taichou ga warui
'Taichou-furyou' is okay for a formal note, but 'furyou' alone sounds like you're a delinquent.
Calling a villain 'furyou'. → Akunin (悪人) / Teki (敵)
'Furyou' is for punks and rebels, not for serious evil characters or enemies.
Forgetting 'na' in 'furyou shisei'. → Furyou-na shisei
Since it's a na-adjective, you need 'na' when modifying a noun directly.
Using 'furyou' for 'useless'. → Yaku ni tatanai (役に立たない)
'Furyou' means defective or bad quality, not necessarily that it has no use at all.

सुझाव

Use Compounds

When in doubt, use 'furyou' as a prefix to a noun (e.g., furyou-hin, furyou-saiken). This is the most natural way it appears in Japanese.

Formal 'Bad'

Use 'furyou' instead of 'warui' in professional emails or reports to describe conditions or quality.

Medical Terms

Memorize 'shouka-furyou' (indigestion) and 'kekkou-furyou' (poor circulation) as set phrases.

Delinquency

Understand that 'furyou' in a school context is a serious label that often involves the police or disciplinary action.

Economic News

When you hear 'furyou' on the news, it's almost always about 'furyou saiken' (bad loans) or 'furyou zaiko' (dead stock).

Travel Delays

If your flight is canceled, look for the characters '天候不良' on the departure board.

Not Good

Remember the kanji: 不 (Not) + 良 (Good). It's the most logical way to remember the meaning.

Antonym Match

Learn 'ryoukou' (良好) alongside 'furyou'. They are perfect opposites for describing conditions.

Manga Tropes

Recognize the 'furyou' archetype in manga—they are key to understanding Japanese youth culture tropes.

Pitch Accent

Listen for the flat pitch (heiban). The word should sound steady without a drop in tone.

याद करें

स्मृति सहायक

Imagine a factory worker holding a product and saying 'This is NOT (不) GOOD (良)'. He throws it in the 'furyou' bin.

दृश्य संबंध

Visualize a teenager with a pompadour hairstyle (the classic Japanese 'furyou' look) standing next to a broken machine.

Word Web

不 (Negative) 良 (Good) 品 (Product) 債権 (Loan) 少年 (Boy) 消化 (Digestion) 血行 (Circulation) 天候 (Weather)

चैलेंज

Try to find three things in your house that are 'furyou' (broken or defective) and label them in Japanese.

शब्द की उत्पत्ति

From Middle Chinese roots. '不' (not) and '良' (good). The combination has been used for centuries to describe things that are not of good quality.

मूल अर्थ: Not good; substandard; of low quality.

Sino-Japanese (Kango).

सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ

Calling someone a 'furyou' is a serious label. It implies they are a troublemaker or a criminal. Use it with caution.

In English, we use 'bad' for everything. Japanese uses 'furyou' for things that fail a test or a rule.

The manga 'Crows' and 'Worst' focus entirely on 'furyou' high school life. The movie 'Kamikaze Girls' (Shimotsuma Monogatari) features a 'furyou' girl (Yankee). The term '不良債権' (furyou saiken) was a constant headline during Japan's 'Lost Decade'.

असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें

वास्तविक संदर्भ

Manufacturing/Factory

不良品を減らす
不良率の低下
検品で不良が見つかる
不良箇所の修正

School/Education

不良少年との付き合い
成績不良で呼び出される
不良化の兆候
更生を助ける

Health/Medicine

消化不良の薬
血行不良の改善
発育不良の検査
体調不良で欠席

Finance/Economy

不良債権の処理
不良在庫の処分
経営不良に陥る
資産の不良化

Weather/Traffic

天候不良による遅延
視界不良の注意報
電波不良の解消
整備不良の取り締まり

बातचीत की शुरुआत

"最近、体調不良で困っていることはありますか？ (Is there anything bothering you lately due to poor health?)"

"昔、学校に不良はいましたか？ (Were there any delinquents at your school in the past?)"

"不良品を買ってしまった時、どうしますか？ (What do you do when you accidentally buy a defective product?)"

"消化不良にならないために、気をつけていることは？ (What do you do to avoid getting indigestion?)"

"天候不良で旅行が中止になったことはありますか？ (Have you ever had a trip canceled due to poor weather?)"

डायरी विषय

もし不良品を買ってしまったら、店の人に何と言いますか？ (If you bought a defective product, what would you say to the shopkeeper?)

「不良」という言葉のイメージについて書いてください。 (Write about your image of the word 'furyou'.)

最近の体調不良について、原因と対策を考えて書きましょう。 (Write about any recent poor health, its causes, and solutions.)

不良少年が更生する物語を作ってみてください。 (Try to create a story about a delinquent youth rehabilitating.)

不良債権が社会に与える影響についてどう思いますか？ (What do you think about the impact of bad loans on society?)

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल

10 सवाल

No. 'Furyou' refers to being substandard or a delinquent (breaking rules). For 'evil' or 'wicked,' use 'jaaku' (邪悪) or 'akunin' (悪人).

Yes, it always implies something is below standard. However, in pop culture, 'furyou' characters (rebels) are sometimes seen as cool or heroic.

'Furyouhin' is the general term for a defective product. 'Kekkanhin' is more formal and often used in legal contexts regarding safety flaws.

You can say 'Shouka-furyou desu' (消化不良です) or 'Shouka-furyou o okoshite imasu'.

Yes, 'seiseki-furyou' (成績不良) is a common way to say grades are poor.

'Yankee' is a slang term for a specific type of 'furyou' (delinquent) with a specific fashion style. 'Furyou' is the more general and formal term.

Not usually. For rotten food, use 'kusatte iru' (腐っている). 'Furyou' is for the quality of the product, not its freshness.

It means 'non-performing loans' or 'bad debt.' It's a major term in Japanese banking and economics.

Add 'na' before the noun, like 'furyou-na shisei' (bad posture). But remember many common uses are compound nouns.

Usually, 'furyou' refers to youth. For an adult criminal, you would use 'hanzaisha' (criminal) or 'yakuza' (gangster).

सुझाव और नोट्स के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें