정당하다 30 सेकंड में
- Fair, reasonable, justifiable.
- Describes actions, decisions, or arguments.
- Opposite of unfair or unreasonable.
- Implies a good reason or ethical basis.
The Korean adjective '정당하다' (jeongdanghada) is a fundamental word that describes something as being fair, just, reasonable, or justifiable. It's used when you want to express that an action, decision, or outcome is morally right and has a sound basis. Think of it as the opposite of being unfair, biased, or arbitrary. When something is '정당하다', it means it aligns with principles of justice and fairness, and can be defended logically and ethically.
You'll encounter '정당하다' in various situations. For instance, when discussing legal matters, it's common to hear about '정당한 판결' (a just verdict) or '정당한 권리' (a rightful claim). In everyday life, it can refer to a fair distribution of resources, a reasonable explanation for someone's behavior, or an action that is considered appropriate and well-founded. It's a versatile word that carries a strong sense of moral and logical correctness.
Consider a situation where a company implements a new policy. If employees feel the policy is fair and benefits everyone, they might say the policy is '정당하다'. Conversely, if they believe it's unfair or discriminatory, they would argue it is not '정당하다'. Similarly, if someone has to make a difficult decision, and they can explain their reasoning in a way that is logical and equitable, their decision would be considered '정당하다'. The word is crucial for expressing approval of actions or situations that adhere to ethical and rational standards.
- Key Concepts
- Fairness: The quality of treating people equally or in a way that is right or reasonable.
- Reasonableness: The quality of being based on or in accordance with good sense or judgment.
- Justification: The action of showing something to be right or reasonable.
그의 주장은 충분히 정당하다.
이러한 조치는 정당하다고 볼 수 있다.
Using '정당하다' correctly involves understanding its grammatical function as an adjective and its typical placement in sentences. It can be used predicatively (at the end of a sentence) or attributively (before a noun, often with the help of '-ㄴ/은' or '-ㄹ/을').
Predicative Use: This is the most common way to use '정당하다'. It directly describes the subject of the sentence. The verb ending will change based on the sentence's formality and tense.
- Examples
- Formal Polite (해요체 - haeyoche):
그의 행동은 매우 정당해요. (His action is very reasonable.)
이 결정은 정당하다고 생각합니다. (I think this decision is justifiable.) - Formal Deferential (하십시오체 - hasipsioche):
그 주장은 정당합니다. (That argument is justifiable.)
이해관계자들은 이 정책이 정당하다고 인정했습니다. (The stakeholders acknowledged that this policy is fair.) - Informal (해체 - haeche):
그건 정당해. (That's reasonable.)
네가 그렇게 정당하다고 말하는 이유가 뭐야? (What's the reason you say it's so justifiable?)
Attributive Use: When '정당하다' modifies a noun directly, it usually takes the form of '정당한' (jeongdahan). This form acts like an adjective preceding the noun.
- Examples
- 그는 정당한 이유로 그 자리를 떠났다. (He left that position for a justifiable reason.)
- 우리는 정당한 대우를 받을 자격이 있다. (We deserve fair treatment.)
- 이것은 정당한 요구입니다. (This is a legitimate demand.)
You can also use it with negation, such as '정당하지 않다' (not justifiable/fair) or '부당하다' (unjust, unfair - a common antonym).
- Negation Examples
- 그들의 행동은 정당하지 않다. (Their actions are not justifiable.)
- 이러한 차별은 정당하지 않다. (Such discrimination is not fair.)
'정당하다' is a word you'll frequently encounter in contexts where fairness, justice, and logical reasoning are discussed. It's not confined to highly academic or legal settings; it's part of everyday discourse, though perhaps more often in slightly more formal or serious conversations.
News and Current Affairs: You'll hear '정당하다' used when reporting on political decisions, legal rulings, or social issues. For example, a news anchor might say, "The court's decision was declared '정당하다' by the majority." Or when discussing a new government policy, "Critics argue whether the tax increase is '정당하다'."
Legal and Ethical Discussions: In conversations about rights, responsibilities, and justice, '정당하다' is indispensable. A lawyer might argue that their client's actions were '정당한' self-defense. Ethicists might debate if a particular action is '정당하다' based on moral principles.
Workplace and Business: When discussing company policies, salary negotiations, or project decisions, employees and managers might use '정당하다' to assess fairness. For instance, "We believe our proposed salary increase is '정당하다' given the market conditions." Or, "The workload distribution for this project must be '정당하다'."
Personal Relationships and Disputes: Even in personal matters, people use this word. If someone feels they have been treated unfairly, they might complain that the treatment was not '정당하다'. Conversely, if someone explains their actions clearly and with good reason, others might acknowledge it as '정당하다'. For example, "I understand why you're upset, but my decision was '정당하다' for the team's benefit."
Academic and Debates: In schools, universities, or any debate setting, students and participants will use '정당하다' to support their arguments or critique others. "The evidence presented makes the hypothesis '정당하다'." Or, "His counter-argument is not '정당하다' because it lacks factual basis."
Everyday Justifications: You might hear it in more casual settings when someone is explaining why they did something. "I had a '정당한' reason for being late." This implies they have a valid excuse that should be accepted.
뉴스에서 그 사건에 대한 판결이 정당하다고 보도했다.
그는 자신의 행동이 정당하다고 생각했다.
Learners of Korean might sometimes misuse '정당하다' or confuse it with similar-sounding or conceptually related words. Here are some common pitfalls to avoid:
- Mistake 1: Confusing '정당하다' with '정답이다' (to be the correct answer)
- Problem: '정답이다' means to be the correct answer in a test or problem. '정당하다' is about fairness and justification. Using '정당하다' when you mean 'correct' will lead to nonsensical sentences.
- Example of misuse: 시험 답이 정당하다. (Incorrect: The exam answer is fair/justifiable.)
- Correct usage: 시험 답이 정답이다. (The exam answer is correct.)
- Correct usage of '정당하다': 그의 주장은 정당하다. (His argument is justifiable.)
- Mistake 2: Overusing '정당하다' for simple agreement
- Problem: '정당하다' implies a deeper level of fairness, justice, or logical reasoning. Using it for simple agreement or approval can sound overly formal or even slightly strange.
- Example of misuse: 오늘 날씨가 정당하다. (Incorrect: Today's weather is fair/justifiable.)
- Correct usage: 오늘 날씨가 좋다. (Today's weather is good.)
- Correct usage of '정당하다': 그의 의견은 정당하다. (His opinion is reasonable.)
- Mistake 3: Incorrectly applying negation
- Problem: While '정당하지 않다' is correct, sometimes learners might try to use other negation forms or might not realize that '부당하다' is a more direct and common antonym.
- Example of misuse: 그의 행동은 안 정당하다. (Grammatically awkward negation)
- Correct usage: 그의 행동은 정당하지 않다. (His actions are not justifiable.)
- Alternative correct usage: 그의 행동은 부당하다. (His actions are unfair/unjust.)
- Mistake 4: Using it for subjective opinions without basis
- Problem: '정당하다' implies that there is a good reason or a basis for something being fair or reasonable. Claiming something is '정당하다' without any supporting evidence or logic can sound unfounded.
- Example of misuse: 나는 그냥 정당하다고 생각해. (I just think it's justifiable, without explaining why.)
- Better usage: 나는 정당한 이유로 그렇게 생각한다. (I think so for justifiable reasons.)
Understanding words similar to '정당하다' helps in choosing the most precise term for a given situation.
- '정당하다' (Fair, Reasonable, Justifiable)
- Focus: Morally right, logically sound, defensible. It emphasizes that something has a good basis and is acceptable from a fairness or rational perspective.
- Example: 그의 주장은 정당하다. (His argument is justifiable.)
- '타당하다' (Valid, Reasonable, Sound)
- Focus: Logical soundness, validity, being well-founded. Often used for arguments, theories, or reasons that make sense logically.
- Comparison: '타당하다' leans more towards logical coherence and validity, while '정당하다' includes a stronger moral or ethical component of fairness.
- Example: 이 이론은 매우 타당하다. (This theory is very valid.)
- '합당하다' (Reasonable, Proper, Fitting)
- Focus: Appropriateness, suitability, being fitting for a situation. It implies that something is the right thing to do or say in a given context.
- Comparison: '합당하다' is about suitability and appropriateness, while '정당하다' is more about fundamental fairness and justification. Something can be '합당하다' without necessarily being '정당하다' in a strict moral sense, and vice versa.
- Example: 그의 사과는 합당했다. (His apology was appropriate.)
- '옳다' (Right, Correct)
- Focus: Moral correctness, being right in a general sense. It's a broader term for what is morally good or factually correct.
- Comparison: '옳다' is often about a simple rightness or wrongness, whereas '정당하다' implies a justification or a reason behind that rightness. '정당하다' is often a more specific form of '옳다' when dealing with actions or claims.
- Example: 정의를 위해 싸우는 것은 옳다. (It is right to fight for justice.)
- Example: 그의 주장은 정당하다, 왜냐하면 증거가 있기 때문이다. (His argument is justifiable because there is evidence.)
- '부당하다' (Unfair, Unjust, Unreasonable)
- Focus: The direct opposite of '정당하다'. It signifies unfairness, injustice, or lack of proper justification.
- Comparison: This is the most common and direct antonym. While '정당하지 않다' is also correct, '부당하다' is a single, strong word.
- Example: 그 처벌은 부당하다. (That punishment is unfair.)
How Formal Is It?
रोचक तथ्य
The character '正' (jeong) is composed of '一' (one) and '止' (stop), implying that something that is 'correct' is one that stops at the right point or follows the right path. This visual imagery can help in remembering the concept of 'rightfulness'.
उच्चारण मार्गदर्शिका
- Confusing the 'j' sound with a 'ch' sound.
- Not fully nasalizing the 'ng' sound.
- Pronouncing the 'd' as a hard 't'.
कठिनाई स्तर
At the A2 level, learners will encounter '정당하다' in simple sentences related to fairness and reasons. Recognizing its meaning in context is achievable. Comprehending its nuances in more complex texts might require higher proficiency.
Beginners can use '정당하다' in basic descriptive sentences. Applying it correctly in more sophisticated arguments or formal writing requires a good grasp of its various contexts and synonyms.
Learners can use '정당하다' to express simple ideas of fairness. Using it spontaneously in discussions about justification or ethics requires practice and understanding of its subtle meanings.
Recognizing '정당하다' in spoken Korean is generally straightforward, especially in clear contexts. Distinguishing it from similar words like '타당하다' or '합당하다' in rapid speech might be challenging.
आगे क्या सीखें
पूर्वापेक्षाएँ
आगे सीखें
उन्नत
ज़रूरी व्याकरण
Using adjectives predicatively (ending in -다, -아요/어요, -ㅂ니다/습니다)
이것은 정당하다. -> 이것은 정당해요. -> 이것은 정당합니다.
Using adjectives attributively (modifying nouns, often with -ㄴ/은, -ㄹ/을)
정당하다 + 이유 -> 정당한 이유
Negating adjectives (-지 않다)
정당하다 -> 정당하지 않다
Using quotative particles (-다고, -라고) with adjectives
그는 그것이 정당하다고 말했다.
Forming nouns from adjectives (-성)
정당하다 -> 정당성
स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण
이것은 공평해요.
This is fair.
Simple descriptive sentence.
규칙대로 해요.
Do it according to the rules.
Imperative sentence emphasizing rules.
나도 똑같이 주세요.
Give me the same amount too.
Expressing a desire for equality.
그것은 옳아요.
That is right.
Simple statement of correctness.
이것은 내 거야.
This is mine.
Stating possession.
우리 같이 나눠요.
Let's share together.
Suggestion for sharing.
게임은 규칙이 있어요.
Games have rules.
Statement about rules.
그것은 이상하지 않아요.
That is not strange.
Simple negation.
그의 주장은 정당하다고 생각해요.
I think his claim is justifiable.
Using '정당하다' predicatively with '고 생각해요'.
이것은 정당한 이유예요.
This is a justifiable reason.
Using '정당한' attributively before a noun.
모든 사람에게 정당한 기회를 주어야 합니다.
We must give fair opportunities to everyone.
'정당한' modifying '기회' (opportunity).
그 결정은 정당하지 않다고 느껴져요.
I feel that decision is not fair.
Using negation '정당하지 않다'.
이것은 정당한 요구입니다.
This is a legitimate demand.
'정당한' modifying '요구' (demand).
그들은 정당한 대우를 받았습니다.
They received fair treatment.
'정당한' modifying '대우' (treatment).
왜 그 행동이 정당하다고 생각해요?
Why do you think that action is justifiable?
Question form using '정당하다'.
그것은 정당한 분배였어요.
That was a fair distribution.
'정당한' modifying '분배' (distribution).
이러한 조치는 정당하다고 판단됩니다.
These measures are deemed justifiable.
Formal passive construction with '판단됩니다'.
그는 자신의 행동에 대해 정당한 설명을 했다.
He gave a justifiable explanation for his actions.
'정당한' modifying '설명' (explanation).
사회에서 정당한 권리를 주장하는 것은 중요하다.
It is important to assert one's rightful claims in society.
'정당한' modifying '권리' (right).
그의 논리는 정당하다고 할 수 있습니다.
His logic can be said to be reasonable.
Using '고 할 수 있다' for a more nuanced statement.
이해관계자들은 그 정책이 정당하다는 데 동의했다.
The stakeholders agreed that the policy is fair.
Using '-는 데 동의하다' to express agreement on a point.
그들은 정당한 절차를 따랐다.
They followed the proper procedures.
'정당한' modifying '절차' (procedure).
만약 그 이유가 정당하다면, 우리는 받아들여야 한다.
If the reason is justifiable, we must accept it.
Conditional clause using '만약...면'.
그녀는 정당한 비판을 제기했다.
She raised valid criticism.
'정당한' modifying '비판' (criticism).
그 법안은 사회 정의의 원칙에 정당하다고 여겨진다.
That bill is considered justifiable in principle by social justice.
Formal passive voice with '여겨진다'.
우리는 정당한 근거 없이는 어떠한 결정도 내릴 수 없다.
We cannot make any decisions without justifiable grounds.
'정당한' modifying '근거' (grounds/basis).
그의 행동은 윤리적으로 정당하다고 주장할 수 있다.
It can be argued that his actions are ethically justifiable.
Using '고 주장할 수 있다' for a qualified assertion.
언론은 정당한 비판을 할 자유가 있다.
The press has the freedom to offer legitimate criticism.
'정당한' modifying '비판' (criticism).
그 판결은 법적으로 정당하다는 평가를 받았다.
The verdict received an evaluation of being legally justifiable.
Using '평가를 받았다' to indicate external assessment.
모든 개인은 정당한 자기 방어권을 가진다.
Every individual has a justifiable right to self-defense.
'정당한' modifying '권리' (right).
그는 자신의 선택이 정당하다는 것을 증명해야 했다.
He had to prove that his choice was justifiable.
Using '-는 것을 증명하다' to express the need for proof.
정부의 긴급 조치는 정당한 것으로 간주되었다.
The government's emergency measures were considered legitimate.
'정당한' modifying '조치' (measures).
그의 해석은 기존의 학설에 정당하다는 반박의 여지가 없다.
His interpretation is indisputably justifiable in relation to existing theories.
Sophisticated phrasing with '반박의 여지가 없다' (no room for rebuttal).
사회적 약자에 대한 정당한 보호는 국가의 의무이다.
The just protection of the socially vulnerable is the state's duty.
'정당한' modifying '보호' (protection) in a civic context.
그 결정은 불가피한 상황을 고려할 때 정당하다고 볼 수 있다.
The decision can be seen as justifiable, considering the unavoidable circumstances.
Using '고 볼 수 있다' for a reasoned conclusion.
이러한 종류의 비판은 정당한 근거에 기반하고 있다.
This type of criticism is based on justifiable grounds.
'정당한' modifying '근거' (grounds).
역사적 맥락에서 볼 때, 그의 행동은 정당하다고 평가할 수 있다.
Viewed in historical context, his actions can be assessed as justifiable.
Using '고 평가할 수 있다' for a contextual assessment.
자유 시장 경제에서 가격 결정은 정당한 경쟁의 결과여야 한다.
In a free market economy, price determination should be the result of fair competition.
'정당한' modifying '경쟁' (competition).
그는 자신의 입장이 정당하다는 것을 수많은 증거로 입증했다.
He proved his position to be justifiable with numerous pieces of evidence.
Using '-는 것을 입증하다' for a strong assertion of proof.
인권 침해에 대한 정당한 항의는 국제 사회의 지지를 받는다.
Justified protests against human rights violations receive the support of the international community.
'정당한' modifying '항의' (protest).
그의 논지는 법철학적 관점에서 정당하다는 데 이견이 없다.
There is no disagreement that his thesis is justifiable from a legal philosophy perspective.
Highly academic phrasing with '이견이 없다' (no disagreement).
사회 계약론에 입각하여 볼 때, 시민 불복종은 때때로 정당하다고 논해진다.
Based on social contract theory, civil disobedience is sometimes argued to be justifiable.
Referencing philosophical concepts like '사회 계약론' (social contract theory).
그의 변론은 법률적 해석과 판례를 정당하다는 증거로 제시했다.
His defense presented legal interpretations and precedents as evidence of its justification.
Complex legal terminology and sentence structure.
이러한 정치적 결정은 국가 안보라는 정당한 명분 하에 이루어졌다.
These political decisions were made under the justifiable pretext of national security.
'정당한' modifying '명분' (pretext/reason) in a high-stakes context.
그녀의 비판은 객관적 데이터와 정당하다는 논리적 귀결에 기반한다.
Her criticism is based on objective data and justifiable logical consequences.
Emphasizing objective basis and logical outcomes.
진화론적 관점에서 인간의 도덕성은 정당하다고 설명될 수 있다.
From an evolutionary perspective, human morality can be explained as justifiable.
Applying scientific theory to abstract concepts.
그는 자신의 행동이 정당하다는 것을 입증하기 위해 복잡한 법률적 논증을 전개했다.
He developed complex legal arguments to prove that his actions were justifiable.
Advanced vocabulary and sentence construction.
국제법의 원칙에 따르면, 이러한 개입은 정당하다는 해석의 여지가 있다.
According to the principles of international law, there is room for interpretation that such an intervention is justifiable.
Discussing international law and interpretive possibilities.
सामान्य शब्द संयोजन
सामान्य वाक्यांश
— To be fair, reasonable, or justifiable.
그의 행동은 정당하다.
— A justifiable reason or a valid cause.
그는 정당한 이유로 지각했다.
— To think or believe something is fair or justifiable.
나는 이 결정이 정당하다고 생각한다.
— Whether something is fair or justifiable or not.
그것이 정당한지 아닌지 판단해야 한다.
— A legitimate or rightful claim or right.
그는 자신의 정당한 권리를 행사했다.
— Proper or lawful procedure.
모든 것은 정당한 절차를 따라야 한다.
— Valid or legitimate criticism.
그의 비판은 정당한 비판이었다.
— Can be seen as justifiable or reasonable.
이러한 조치는 정당하다고 볼 수 있다.
— Fair treatment.
모든 직원은 정당한 대우를 받아야 한다.
— To be unfair, unjust, or not justifiable.
그들의 행동은 정당하지 않다.
अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है
'정답이다' means 'to be the correct answer' (like in a test). '정당하다' means 'to be fair or justifiable'. Confusing them will lead to sentences like 'This answer is fair' instead of 'This answer is correct'.
'당연하다' means 'natural' or 'obvious'. While something justifiable might be obvious, '정당하다' specifically implies a reason or fairness, not just a natural occurrence.
'정직하다' means 'to be honest'. While honesty is often a component of fairness, '정당하다' is broader and includes reasonableness and justification beyond just truthfulness.
मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ
— Extremely unreasonable or utterly unjust. This idiom is used to express strong disagreement and disapproval of something perceived as completely unfair or illogical. It's a very emphatic way to say something is not justifiable at all.
그의 주장은 천부당 만부당하다.
Informal/Emphatic— Even in the worst situation, there is always a way out or a glimmer of hope. While not directly containing '정당하다', the underlying idea relates to finding a justifiable path or solution even in dire circumstances. It implies that even dire situations might have a reasonable or justifiable way forward.
지금은 힘들지만, 하늘이 무너져도 솟아날 구멍이 있을 거야.
Proverbial— A guest who stays for a very long time, almost like family, but implies an excessive or perhaps undue burden. The 'justification' for their stay might be questioned or stretched.
그는 마치 백년손님처럼 우리 집에 머물고 있다.
Figurative— To know nothing at all; to be completely ignorant. This idiom implies a lack of understanding, which would make any claim or action based on that ignorance unlikely to be justifiable.
그는 쥐뿔도 모르면서 아는 척한다.
Informal/Derogatory— To act in a way that only benefits oneself, often by twisting logic or facts to suit one's own needs. This describes an action that is self-serving and likely not justifiable from an objective standpoint.
그의 발언은 제 논에 물대기식이었다.
Informal— One problem after another; difficulties keep coming. This idiom describes a series of challenges, suggesting that finding a 'justifiable' or easy solution to each one is difficult.
이 프로젝트는 산 넘어 산이다.
Idiomatic— Looking out only for one's own interests, often in a self-serving manner. Similar to '제 논에 물대기', this implies an action that is not justifiable in terms of fairness to others.
그는 항상 제 밥그릇 챙기기에 바쁘다.
Informal— To try to deceive someone by hiding the truth or pretending something is okay when it isn't. This is the opposite of being justifiable; it's about deception.
그것은 눈 가리고 아웅하는 식의 처리였다.
Informal— The pot calling the kettle black. Someone who is guilty of a fault criticizes another for a similar fault. This highlights hypocrisy and the lack of justification for their criticism.
그가 나를 비난하는 것은 제 똥 묻은 개가 겨 묻은 개 나무라는 격이다.
Proverbial— A famous line from a poem, expressing a desire to live without shame or guilt, and to be able to face the world with a clear conscience. This aspiration is closely tied to living a justifiable and morally upright life.
그 시인의 말처럼, 하늘을 우러러 한 점 부끄럼 없는 삶을 살고 싶다.
Literary/Aspirationalआसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले
Both words mean 'reasonable' or 'valid' and are often used in similar contexts when discussing arguments or logic.
'정당하다' emphasizes fairness and moral justification, often including ethical considerations. '타당하다' leans more towards logical soundness and validity, focusing on whether something makes sense or is well-supported by evidence or reason, regardless of the moral aspect.
그의 주장은 <mark>정당하다</mark> (because it's fair and ethical). / 이 이론은 <mark>타당하다</mark> (because it's logically consistent and supported by data).
Both words can be translated as 'reasonable' or 'appropriate', and are used to evaluate actions or situations.
'정당하다' focuses on inherent fairness and justification. '합당하다' emphasizes suitability, appropriateness, or being fitting for a particular situation or context. Something can be '합당하다' (fitting) without being strictly '정당하다' (fair/justified) in a moral sense, and vice versa.
그의 사과는 <mark>합당했다</mark> (It was an appropriate apology). / 그의 행동은 <mark>정당하지 않다</mark> (His actions were not justifiable).
Both words relate to fairness.
'정당하다' is a broader term that includes fairness but also justification and reasonableness. '공정하다' specifically refers to impartiality and equal treatment, lacking bias. You can have a '정당한' reason that might not be perfectly '공정' in distribution, or a '공정' distribution that might have other issues.
모든 선수에게 <mark>공정하게</mark> 기회를 주어야 한다 (fairly). / 그의 주장은 <mark>정당하다</mark> (his argument is justifiable).
Both words relate to correctness and rightness.
'정당하다' implies a deeper level of justification, reasoning, or ethical basis for being right. '옳다' is a more general term for being morally right or factually correct. '정당하다' is often a specific type of '옳다' that requires explanation or defense.
정의를 위해 싸우는 것은 <mark>옳다</mark> (It is right). / 그의 주장은 <mark>정당하다</mark> (His argument is justifiable because it's right and well-reasoned).
Both terms imply reasonableness.
'정당하다' encompasses fairness and ethical justification, not just pure logic. '합리적이다' focuses purely on logic and rationality. An action can be '합리적' (logical for self-interest) but not '정당하다' (fair to others). Conversely, a '정당한' action might involve emotional or ethical considerations that aren't strictly '합리적'.
그는 <mark>합리적인</mark> 선택을 했다 (a logical choice). / 그의 행동은 <mark>정당하다</mark> (his actions are fair and justified).
वाक्य संरचनाएँ
Noun + 은/는 + 정당하다.
이 결정은 <mark>정당하다</mark>.
Noun + 은/는 + 정당한 + Noun
그것은 <mark>정당한</mark> 이유였다.
Noun + 이/가 + 정당하다고 + 생각하다/말하다.
나는 그의 주장이 <mark>정당하다고</mark> 생각한다.
Noun + 은/는 + 정당한 + Noun + 을/를 + 받다.
모든 사람은 <mark>정당한</mark> 대우를 받아야 한다.
Noun + 은/는 + 정당하다 + -고 + 여겨지다/판단되다.
그 조치는 <mark>정당하다고</mark> 여겨졌다.
Noun + 은/는 + 정당한 + Noun + 을/를 + 가지다.
그는 <mark>정당한</mark> 권리를 가지고 있다.
Noun + 은/는 + Noun + 에 + 정당하다.
그 해석은 기존 이론에 <mark>정당하다</mark>.
Noun + 은/는 + Noun + 하에서 + 정당하다.
그 결정은 국가 안보 하에서 <mark>정당하다</mark>.
शब्द परिवार
संज्ञा
क्रिया
विशेषण
संबंधित
इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें
Medium to High (depending on context, more frequent in discussions of law, ethics, and fairness)
-
Using '정당하다' when '정답이다' (correct answer) is meant.
→
그것은 <mark>정답이다</mark>.
The word '정당하다' means fair or justifiable, while '정답이다' means to be the correct answer. Confusing them leads to incorrect statements like 'The answer is fair' when you mean 'The answer is correct'.
-
Using '정당하다' for simple agreement or approval.
→
오늘 날씨가 <mark>좋아요</mark>.
'정당하다' implies a deeper sense of fairness or justification. For simple approval, use more general adjectives like '좋다' (good) or '괜찮다' (okay). Saying 'The weather is justifiable' is not natural.
-
Incorrect negation with '정당하다'.
→
그의 행동은 <mark>정당하지 않다</mark>.
While '정당하지 않다' is correct, trying to use other negation methods or not recognizing the common antonym '부당하다' can be a mistake. '안 정당하다' is less common than '정당하지 않다'.
-
Confusing '정당하다' with '당연하다'.
→
그가 화내는 것은 <mark>당연하다</mark>.
'당연하다' means natural or obvious. '정당하다' means justifiable or fair. While something justifiable might be obvious, they are not interchangeable. Saying 'His anger is justifiable' when you mean 'His anger is understandable/natural' misses the nuance.
-
Using '정당하다' without providing any justification.
→
그는 <mark>정당한</mark> 이유로 그렇게 했습니다.
'정당하다' implies that there is a reason or basis for fairness or reasonableness. Simply stating something is '정당하다' without any supporting explanation can sound like an unfounded assertion.
सुझाव
Compare with Antonyms
Understanding '부당하다' (unfair, unjust) helps solidify the meaning of '정당하다'. Think of situations where something is clearly unfair and contrast it with when something is clearly justified.
Sentence Building
Practice creating sentences using '정당하다' in various forms: predicative ('정당해요'), attributive ('정당한 이유'), and negative ('정당하지 않아요'). This will build your fluency.
Know Your Synonyms
Learn words like '타당하다' and '합당하다'. Understanding their subtle differences will help you choose the most precise word for your intended meaning.
Listen to Native Speakers
Pay attention to how native speakers use '정당하다' in dramas, news, or conversations. This will expose you to natural phrasing and common collocations.
Sino-Korean Roots
Remembering that '정(正)' means 'correct' and '당(當)' means 'appropriate' can help you recall that '정당하다' means correctly appropriate or justified.
Test Yourself
After learning, try to recall the meaning and usage of '정당하다' without looking. Explain its meaning in your own words or create a new sentence.
Use it in Conversation
Don't be afraid to use '정당하다' in your speaking practice. Even if it's not perfect, actively using the word is the best way to internalize it.
Grammatical Forms
Be aware of how '정당하다' changes form: '정당한' (adjective modifier), '정당하게' (adverb), '정당성' (noun), '정당화하다' (verb).
Beyond Literal Translation
Think of '정당하다' not just as a direct translation of 'fair' or 'reasonable', but as a concept that implies a sound basis for something being acceptable.
याद करें
स्मृति सहायक
Imagine a judge's gavel striking down. The gavel represents '정(jeong)' - correctness and fairness. The sound of the gavel, '당(dang)', signifies that the ruling is appropriate and justified. So, '정당하다' means the ruling is correct and justified.
दृश्य संबंध
Picture a perfectly balanced scale of justice. The scales are level ('정' - correct), and the weight on each side is appropriate ('당' - appropriate). This visual represents fairness and justification.
Word Web
चैलेंज
Try to explain a recent decision you made using the word '정당하다'. What was the '정당한' reason behind it? If someone else questioned it, how would you prove its '정당성'?
शब्द की उत्पत्ति
The word '정당하다' originates from the Sino-Korean word '正當' (jeongdang). '正' (jeong) means 'correct', 'right', or 'proper', and '當' (dang) means 'to be appropriate', 'to be suitable', or 'to be right'. Together, they convey the meaning of being correct and appropriate.
मूल अर्थ: Correct and appropriate; rightful.
Sino-Korean (derived from Chinese characters)सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ
When discussing '정당하다', be mindful of the context. In sensitive situations, claiming something is '정당하다' without sufficient evidence or empathy can be perceived as dismissive or arrogant. It's often best to provide clear reasons and acknowledge others' perspectives.
In English-speaking cultures, concepts like 'due process', 'fair play', and 'legitimate grounds' are very similar to the idea conveyed by '정당하다'. The emphasis on reasoned arguments and ethical considerations is also shared.
असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें
वास्तविक संदर्भ
Discussing fairness in games or sports.
- 이것은 정당한 경기입니다.
- 규칙은 정당해야 합니다.
- 공정한 것이 정당합니다.
Explaining one's actions or decisions.
- 제 행동은 정당했습니다.
- 정당한 이유가 있었습니다.
- 그것은 정당한 결정이었습니다.
Legal and ethical discussions.
- 정당한 권리를 주장합니다.
- 이 판결은 정당하다.
- 정당한 절차를 따랐습니다.
Workplace scenarios.
- 정당한 대우를 원합니다.
- 그것은 정당한 요구입니다.
- 업무 분담이 정당해야 합니다.
Debates and arguments.
- 그의 주장은 정당하다.
- 정당한 비판을 받아들입니다.
- 정당한 근거가 무엇입니까?
बातचीत की शुरुआत
"What do you think is the most important thing for a decision to be considered '정당하다'?"
"Can you think of a time when you felt something was '정당하다'?"
"What's the difference between something being '정당하다' and just being 'convenient'?"
"How important is '정당하다' in your daily life?"
"When might it be difficult to prove that something is '정당하다'?"
डायरी विषय
Describe a situation where you had to make a difficult decision. Explain why you felt your decision was '정당하다'.
Think about a time you witnessed an act of injustice. What made it feel '부당하다' (unfair/unjust)?
Write about a time you received fair treatment. What made it feel '정당하다'?
If you could create a new rule for society to ensure more fairness, what would it be and why would it be '정당하다'?
Reflect on a disagreement you had. Could you have presented your case in a more '정당한' way?
अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल
10 सवालWhile '정당하다' certainly includes moral rightness and fairness, it also emphasizes logical justification and reasonableness. So, an action can be '정당하다' if it's well-reasoned and defensible, even if the moral component isn't the primary focus. However, in many contexts, especially when discussing justice or ethics, the moral aspect is very strong.
'정당하다' means fair, reasonable, and justifiable. Its direct opposite is '부당하다', which means unfair, unjust, or unreasonable. If something is not '정당하다', it is likely '부당하다'. For example, a fair trial is '정당한 재판', while an unfair one is '부당한 재판'.
Primarily, '정당하다' describes actions, decisions, arguments, claims, or situations that can be evaluated for fairness or justification. While you might indirectly describe an object's purpose or function as '정당하다' if it serves a fair or justified role, it's not typically used to describe the object itself in a physical sense.
'정당하다' is a versatile adjective. It can be used in both formal and neutral contexts. In informal settings, you might hear '정당해', while in formal settings like news reports or legal discussions, you'll see '정당하다' or its formal polite form '정당합니다'.
The noun form is '정당성' (jeongdangseong), which means justification, legitimacy, or fairness. For example, '그의 주장의 정당성을 입증해야 한다' (He must prove the justification of his argument).
While '정당하다' can be used in political contexts to discuss the fairness of policies or actions, it is not directly related to the word '정치' (politics) or '정당' (political party), despite sharing the first syllable '정' (jeong). The meaning comes from the Sino-Korean characters '正' (correct) and '當' (appropriate).
Use '정당한 이유' when you want to state that there is a valid, fair, or justifiable reason for something. For example, '그는 정당한 이유로 지각했다' (He was late for a justifiable reason). It implies the reason is acceptable and should be understood.
'정당하다' includes fairness and ethical considerations, while '타당하다' focuses more on logical validity and soundness. An argument can be '타당하다' (logically sound) but not '정당하다' (fair or ethical).
Yes, '정당하다' is very similar to 'legitimate' in English, especially when referring to claims, rights, or actions that are lawful, reasonable, and justifiable. It also covers 'fair' and 'reasonable'.
Common mistakes include confusing it with '정답이다' (to be the correct answer), overusing it for simple agreement, or using it without a clear reason, making the statement sound unfounded. Also, ensuring correct negation forms like '정당하지 않다' or using the antonym '부당하다' is important.
खुद को परखो 10 सवाल
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
Use '정당하다' when you want to say something is fair, reasonable, or has a good, justifiable reason behind it. It's about fairness and logic.
- Fair, reasonable, justifiable.
- Describes actions, decisions, or arguments.
- Opposite of unfair or unreasonable.
- Implies a good reason or ethical basis.
Context is Key
Always consider the context when using '정당하다'. Is it about fairness in a game, a logical argument, or an ethical dilemma? The specific nuance of 'fair', 'reasonable', or 'justifiable' will become clearer.
Compare with Antonyms
Understanding '부당하다' (unfair, unjust) helps solidify the meaning of '정당하다'. Think of situations where something is clearly unfair and contrast it with when something is clearly justified.
Sentence Building
Practice creating sentences using '정당하다' in various forms: predicative ('정당해요'), attributive ('정당한 이유'), and negative ('정당하지 않아요'). This will build your fluency.
Know Your Synonyms
Learn words like '타당하다' and '합당하다'. Understanding their subtle differences will help you choose the most precise word for your intended meaning.
उदाहरण
그의 결정은 정당하다고 생각해요.
संबंधित सामग्री
यह शब्द अन्य भाषाओं में
academic के और शब्द
입체적
B2त्रिविमीय (3D) प्रभाव होना या किसी चीज़ को एक ही सपाट दृष्टिकोण के बजाय कई दृष्टिकोणों से देखना।
~에 관해
B1एक वाक्यांश जिसका अर्थ है 'के बारे में' या 'के संबंध में'। इसका उपयोग औपचारिक संदर्भों में विषय पेश करने के लिए किया जाता है।
~에 대하여
A2किसी विशेष विषय के बारे में या उसके संबंध में। 'हम पर्यावरण के बारे में बात कर रहे हैं।'
~대해
A2इसका अर्थ है 'के बारे में' या 'के विषय में'। इसका उपयोग यह बताने के लिए किया जाता है कि आप किस बारे में बात कर रहे हैं।
~에 관하여
A2किसी विषय के बारे में या उसके संबंध में। रिपोर्ट या भाषण जैसी औपचारिक स्थितियों में उपयोग किया जाता है।
~에 대해(서)
A1चर्चा के विषय या मुद्दे को इंगित करता है, जिसका अर्थ है 'के बारे में' या 'के संबंध में'। इसका उपयोग अक्सर बोलने या सोचने जैसी क्रियाओं के साथ किया जाता है।
무엇보다
A2सब से ऊपर; किसी भी चीज़ से ज़्यादा।
결석생
A2A student who is absent from class.
추상화하다
B2अमूर्त करना (Abstract): किसी चीज़ को उसके भौतिक वास्तविकता से अलग या सैद्धांतिक रूप से विचार करना।
추상
A2Abstraction; the quality of dealing with ideas rather than events.
