चीनी वाक्य रचना: कर्ता-समय-स्थान-क्रिया
Time) और 'कहाँ' (Place) बताओ, फिर 'क्या किया' (Action) बताओ।
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
In Chinese, time and place always come before the action (verb).
- Time comes first: {今天|jīntiān} {我|wǒ} {吃|chī} {苹果|píngguǒ} (Today I eat apple).
- Place comes second: {我|wǒ} {在|zài} {学校|xuéxiào} {学习|xuéxí} (I at school study).
- Verb and Object are last: {我|wǒ} {看|kàn} {电影|diànyǐng} (I watch movie).
Overview
Word Order Rules
How This Grammar Works
Formation Pattern
Pattern Variations
- सामान्य: 我 今天 工作 (मैं आज काम करता हूँ)।
- ज़ोर देकर: 今天 我 工作 (आज, मैं काम करता हूँ)।
Real Conversations
डिनर के बारे में मैसेज:
A
B
वीकेंड प्लान:
A
B
Common Mistakes
- ❌ गलत: 我 学习 在 图书馆 (मैं पढ़ता हूँ लाइब्रेरी में)।
- ✅ सही: 我 在 图书馆 学习 (मैं लाइब्रेरी में पढ़ता हूँ)।
Quick FAQ
क्या मैं समय को अंत में रख सकता हूँ?
नहीं। समय शब्द क्रिया से पहले ही आने चाहिए।
अगर मेरे पास समय या स्थान नहीं है तो?
बस उस जगह को छोड़ दें! बाकी शब्दों का क्रम वही रहता है (S + V + O)।
क्या यह 'कहीं जाने' (去) पर भी लागू होता है?
अच्छा सवाल! 去 (जाना) जैसे क्रियाओं के साथ, स्थान *मंजिल* है, इसलिए यह क्रिया के बाद आता है: 我 去 北京।
Sentence Order Matrix
| Component | Role | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Subject
|
Who/What
|
{我|wǒ}
|
|
Time
|
When
|
{明天|míngtiān}
|
|
Place
|
Where
|
{在|zài} {北京|běijīng}
|
|
Verb
|
Action
|
{学习|xuéxí}
|
|
Object
|
Target
|
{中文|zhōngwén}
|
|
Result
|
Full Sentence
|
{我|wǒ} {明天|míngtiān} {在|zài} {北京|běijīng} {学习|xuéxí} {中文|zhōngwén}.
|
Meanings
This rule dictates the mandatory sequence of sentence components in Chinese. Unlike English, where time and place often float to the end, Chinese requires them to precede the verb.
Standard Declarative
The foundation for all basic statements.
“{他|tā} {现在|xiànzài} {在|zài} {家|jiā} {睡觉|shuìjiào}.”
“{我们|wǒmen} {晚上|wǎnshang} {在|zài} {饭店|fàndiàn} {吃饭|chīfàn}.”
Reference Table
| जगह | काम | उदाहरण शब्द | अनुवाद |
|---|---|---|---|
|
1. Subject
|
कौन
|
{我|wǒ}
|
मैं
|
|
2. Time
|
कब
|
{明天|míngtiān}
|
कल
|
|
3. Place
|
कहाँ
|
{在 家|zài jiā}
|
घर पर
|
|
4. Verb
|
क्रिया
|
{吃|chī}
|
खाना
|
|
5. Object
|
क्या
|
{早饭|zǎofàn}
|
नाश्ता
|
औपचारिकता का स्तर
{我|wǒ} {目前|mùqián} {在|zài} {府上|fǔshàng} {用餐|yòngcān}. (Daily life)
{我|wǒ} {现在|xiànzài} {在|zài} {家|jiā} {吃饭|chīfàn}. (Daily life)
{我|wǒ} {在|zài} {家|jiā} {吃|chī} {呢|ne}. (Daily life)
{我|wǒ} {家|jiā} {吃|chī} {着|zhe} {呢|ne}. (Daily life)
वाक्य बनाना
क्या तुम्हारे पास समय (कब) है?
क्या तुम्हारे पास जगह (कहाँ) है?
क्रिया + Object जोड़ो
अंग्रेज़ी बनाम चीनी क्रम
वाक्य के स्लॉट
समय (कब)
- • {आज|jīntiān}
- • {कल|míngtiān}
- • {सुबह|zǎoshang}
जगह (कहाँ)
- • {में घर|zài jiā}
- • {में स्कूल|zài xuéxiào}
- • {में कंपनी|zài gōngsī}
क्रिया (काम)
- • {खाना|chī}
- • {जाना|qù}
- • {देखना|kàn}
सुनहरा नियम
क्रिया से पहले के संशोधक
- Time कब?
- Place कहाँ?
मुख्य भाग
- Subject कौन?
- Verb काम
स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण
{我|wǒ} {今天|jīntiān} {在|zài} {家|jiā} {学习|xuéxí}.
I study at home today.
{他|tā} {明天|míngtiān} {在|zài} {学校|xuéxí} {看书|kànshū}.
He will read at school tomorrow.
{我们|wǒmen} {现在|xiànzài} {在|zài} {饭店|fàndiàn} {吃饭|chīfàn}.
We are eating at the restaurant now.
{老师|lǎoshī} {上午|shàngwǔ} {在|zài} {教室|jiàoshì} {教书|jiāoshū}.
The teacher teaches in the classroom in the morning.
{你|nǐ} {昨天|zuótiān} {在|zài} {哪里|nǎlǐ} {买|mǎi} {衣服|yīfu}?
Where did you buy clothes yesterday?
{我|wǒ} {不|bù} {在|zài} {公司|gōngsī} {工作|gōngzuò}.
I don't work at the company.
{妈妈|māma} {每天|měitiān} {在|zài} {厨房|chúfáng} {做饭|zuòfàn}.
Mom cooks in the kitchen every day.
{他们|tāmen} {晚上|wǎnshang} {在|zài} {公园|gōngyuán} {散步|sànbù}.
They walk in the park at night.
{为了|wèile} {考试|kǎoshì}, {他|tā} {最近|zuìjìn} {在|zài} {图书馆|túshūguǎn} {熬夜|áoyè}.
For the exam, he has been staying up late at the library recently.
{会议|huìyì} {下周|xiàzhōu} {在|zài} {上海|shànghǎi} {举行|jǔxíng}.
The meeting will be held in Shanghai next week.
{我|wǒ} {一直|yīzhí} {在|zài} {想|xiǎng} {这|zhè} {件|jiàn} {事|shì}.
I have been thinking about this matter all along.
{你|nǐ} {最好|zuìhǎo} {现在|xiànzài} {在|zài} {这里|zhèlǐ} {等|děng} {我|wǒ}.
You'd better wait for me here now.
{由于|yóuyú} {天气|tiānqì} {原因|yuányīn}, {航班|hángbān} {今天|jīntiān} {在|zài} {机场|jīchǎng} {延误|yánwù} {了|le}.
Due to weather, the flight was delayed at the airport today.
{无论|wúlùn} {何时|héshí}, {我|wǒ} {都|dōu} {在|zài} {心底|xīndǐ} {支持|zhīchí} {你|nǐ}.
No matter when, I support you in my heart.
{这|zhè} {部|bù} {电影|diànyǐng} {去年|qùnián} {在|zài} {戛纳|gānà} {获得|huòdé} {了|le} {奖项|jiǎngxiàng}.
This movie won an award in Cannes last year.
{他|tā} {总是|zǒngshì} {在|zài} {关键|guānjiàn} {时刻|shíkè} {出现|chūxiàn}.
He always appears at the critical moment.
{即便|jíbiàn} {在|zài} {最|zuì} {困难|kùnnán} {的|de} {时期|shíqī}, {他|tā} {也|yě} {在|zài} {实验室|shíyànshì} {坚持|jiānchí} {研究|yánjiū}.
Even during the most difficult times, he persisted in research in the lab.
{历史|lìshǐ} {往往|wǎngwǎng} {在|zài} {不经意|bùjīngyì} {的|de} {瞬间|shùnjiān} {发生|fāshēng} {转折|zhuǎnzhé}.
History often takes a turn at unexpected moments.
{我们|wǒmen} {应当|yīngdāng} {在|zài} {全球化|quánqiúhuà} {的|de} {背景|bèijǐng} {下|xià} {审视|shěnshì} {问题|wèntí}.
We should examine the issue in the context of globalization.
{他|tā} {曾|céng} {在|zài} {那|nà} {座|zuò} {古老|gǔlǎo} {的|de} {城市|chéngshì} {度过|dùguò} {了|le} {童年|tóngnián}.
He once spent his childhood in that ancient city.
{古人|gǔrén} {常|cháng} {在|zài} {月下|yuèxià} {吟诗|yínshī}, {抒发|shūfā} {胸中|xiōngzhōng} {之|zhī} {志|zhì}.
The ancients often recited poetry under the moon to express their aspirations.
{该|gāi} {政策|zhèngcè} {已|yǐ} {在|zài} {全国|quánguó} {范围|fànwéi} {内|nèi} {得到|dédào} {了|le} {有效|yǒuxiào} {落实|luòshí}.
The policy has been effectively implemented nationwide.
{他|tā} {在|zài} {学术界|xuéshùjiè} {享有|xiǎngyǒu} {极高|jí gāo} {的|de} {声誉|shēngyù}.
He enjoys a very high reputation in academia.
{在|zài} {这|zhè} {纷繁复杂|fēnfán fùzá} {的|de} {世界|shìjiè} {中|zhōng}, {我们|wǒmen} {应|yīng} {保持|bǎochí} {内心|nèixīn} {的|de} {宁静|níngjìng}.
In this complicated world, we should maintain inner peace.
आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले
Learners often swap time and place.
Duration (how long) goes after the verb, while Time (when) goes before.
Learners forget 'zài' for places.
सामान्य गलतियाँ
{我|wǒ} {吃|chī} {饭|fàn} {在|zài} {家|jiā}.
{我|wǒ} {在|zài} {家|jiā} {吃|chī} {饭|fàn}.
{我|wǒ} {在|zài} {家|jiā} {明天|míngtiān} {学习|xuéxí}.
{我|wǒ} {明天|míngtiān} {在|zài} {家|jiā} {学习|xuéxí}.
{我|wǒ} {家|jiā} {在|zài} {学习|xuéxí}.
{我|wǒ} {在|zài} {家|jiā} {学习|xuéxí}.
{明天|míngtiān} {我|wǒ} {在|zài} {家|jiā} {学习|xuéxí}.
{我|wǒ} {明天|míngtiān} {在|zài} {家|jiā} {学习|xuéxí}.
{他|tā} {工作|gōngzuò} {在|zài} {北京|běijīng}.
{他|tā} {在|zài} {北京|běijīng} {工作|gōngzuò}.
{我们|wǒmen} {看|kàn} {电影|diànyǐng} {晚上|wǎnshang}.
{我们|wǒmen} {晚上|wǎnshang} {看|kàn} {电影|diànyǐng}.
{老师|lǎoshī} {教书|jiāoshū} {在|zài} {教室|jiàoshì}.
{老师|lǎoshī} {在|zài} {教室|jiàoshì} {教书|jiāoshū}.
{我|wǒ} {想|xiǎng} {去|qù} {超市|chāoshì} {买|mǎi} {东西|dōngxi} {明天|míngtiān}.
{我|wǒ} {明天|míngtiān} {想|xiǎng} {去|qù} {超市|chāoshì} {买|mǎi} {东西|dōngxi}.
{他|tā} {在|zài} {这里|zhèlǐ} {住|zhù} {了|le} {三年|sānnián}.
{他|tā} {在|zài} {这里|zhèlǐ} {住|zhù} {了|le} {三年|sānnián}.
{我们|wǒmen} {在|zài} {上海|shànghǎi} {相遇|xiāngyù} {去年|qùnián}.
{我们|wǒmen} {去年|qùnián} {在|zài} {上海|shànghǎi} {相遇|xiāngyù}.
वाक्य संरचनाएँ
___ {今天|jīntiān} {在|zài} ___ {学习|xuéxí}.
___ {明天|míngtiān} {在|zài} ___ {工作|gōngzuò}.
___ {晚上|wǎnshang} {在|zài} ___ {吃饭|chīfàn}.
___ {去年|qùnián} {在|zài} ___ {旅游|lǚyóu}.
Real World Usage
{我|wǒ} {在|zài} {家|jiā} {等|děng} {你|nǐ}.
{我|wǒ} {现在|xiànzài} {在|zài} {店|diàn} {里|lǐ} {点餐|diǎncān}.
{我|wǒ} {去年|qùnián} {在|zài} {公司|gōngsī} {工作|gōngzuò}.
{我|wǒ} {明天|míngtiān} {在|zài} {机场|jīchǎng} {见|jiàn} {你|nǐ}.
{我|wǒ} {今天|jīntiān} {在|zài} {海边|hǎibiān} {拍照|pāizhào}.
{我们|wǒmen} {下周|xiàzhōu} {在|zài} {上海|shànghǎi} {开会|kāihuì}.
समय की थोड़ी आज़ादी
जगह की चालबाज़ी से बचो
संदर्भ सबसे ज़रूरी
Smart Tips
Think 'Subject + Where + Action'.
Put time right after the subject.
Time first, then place.
Ask: 'When? Where? What?'
उच्चारण
Tone Sandhi
When {不|bù} is followed by a 4th tone, it becomes a 2nd tone.
Declarative
Sentence ends with a flat tone.
Stating a fact.
याद करें
स्मृति सहायक
Time and Place are the 'Stage'—set the stage before the actors (verbs) perform.
दृश्य संबंध
Imagine a theater. The curtain (Time) opens, the set (Place) is revealed, and then the actors (Verb) walk onto the stage.
Rhyme
Time and place come before the verb, That is the rule you must observe.
Story
Imagine you are a director. You yell 'Time!' then 'Place!' before you let your actors move. If they move too early, you stop the scene. This is how you remember to put time and place first.
Word Web
चैलेंज
Write 5 sentences about your day using the S-T-P-V-O order.
सांस्कृतिक नोट्स
This structure is strictly followed in formal and informal speech.
Similar structure, but often uses slightly different vocabulary.
While Cantonese has different grammar, when speaking Mandarin, they follow this S-T-P-V-O rule.
Chinese word order evolved from early SVO patterns in Old Chinese, becoming more rigid as the language lost inflectional markers.
बातचीत की शुरुआत
{你|nǐ} {今天|jīntiān} {在|zài} {哪里|nǎlǐ} {学习|xuéxí}?
{你|nǐ} {通常|tōngcháng} {在|zài} {几点|jǐdiǎn} {吃饭|chīfàn}?
{你|nǐ} {去年|qùnián} {在|zài} {哪里|nǎlǐ} {工作|gōngzuò}?
{你|nǐ} {认为|rènwéi} {我们|wǒmen} {应该|yīngdāng} {在|zài} {什么|shénme} {时候|shíhòu} {开始|kāishǐ} {项目|xiàngmù}?
डायरी विषय
सामान्य गलतियाँ
Test Yourself
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
Find and fix the mistake:
{我|wǒ} {学习|xuéxí} {在|zài} {学校|xuéxiào} (I study at school).
{我|wǒ} ___ {去|qù} {公司|gōngsī} (I go to the office tomorrow). Word: {明天|míngtiān}
Score: /3
अभ्यास प्रश्न
8 exercises{家|jiā} / {在|zài} / {我|wǒ} / {吃饭|chīfàn} / {今天|jīntiān}
{我|wǒ} {明天|míngtiān} ___ {北京|běijīng} {工作|gōngzuò}.
Which is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
{我们|wǒmen} {看|kàn} {电影|diànyǐng} {晚上|wǎnshang}.
{老师|lǎoshī} / {教室|jiàoshì} / {教书|jiāoshū} / {上午|shàngwǔ}
Match S-T-P-V-O.
{我|wǒ} {在|zài} {家|jiā} {学习|xuéxí}.
A: {你|nǐ} {在|zài} {哪里|nǎlǐ} {工作|gōngzuò}? B: ___
Score: /8
Practice Bank
11 exercisesConnect: {他|tā} / {中文|Zhōngwén} / {学习|xuéxí} / {明天|míngtiān}
Translate: "I eat lunch at 12:00."
We ___ at the park. ({我们|wǒmen} ___ {公园|gōngyuán}.)
{看|kàn} / {晚上|wǎnshang} / {我|wǒ} / {电视|diànshì}
{हम|wǒmen} {काम|gōngzuò} {में|zài} {चीन|Zhōngguó}।
{मैं|wǒ} ___ {पीता हूँ|hē} {चाय|chá}. (I drink tea every day.)
{तुम|nǐ} / {करते हो|zuò} / {सप्ताहांत|zhōumò} / {क्या|shénme} / ?
वाक्य के हिस्सों को मिलाएँ।
She reads books at the library.
{पसंद करता हूँ|xǐhuan} / {मैं|wǒ} / {में|zài} / {सोना|shuìjiào} / {घर|jiā}
___ {मैं|wǒ} ___ {नहीं|bù} {व्यस्त|máng}. (I am not busy today.)
Score: /11
अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल (8)
Chinese is a topic-comment language. You must establish the context (time/place) before the action.
Yes, it is the standard for almost all declarative sentences.
Time usually comes before place. E.g., '{我|wǒ} {今天|jīntiān} {在|zài} {家|jiā} {学习|xuéxí}.'
Yes, when indicating a location where an action happens.
Sometimes, for emphasis, but S-T-P-V-O is the safest and most common.
Add 'ma' at the end or use a question word like 'nǎlǐ'.
No, it is consistent across all registers.
Putting time or place at the end of the sentence.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Subject + Verb + Object + Time/Place
Chinese is pre-verbal for adjuncts; Spanish is post-verbal.
Subject + Verb + Object + Time/Place
Chinese requires time/place before the verb.
Subject + Verb + Time + Place + Object
Chinese is simpler and more rigid.
Subject + Time + Place + Object + Verb
Verb position is the main difference.
Verb + Subject + Object + Time/Place
Verb position is the main difference.
Subject + Time + Place + Verb + Object
None.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
संबंधित वीडियो
Related Grammar Rules
स्वामित्व और अस्तित्व: 'पास होना' और 'वहाँ है' ({有|yǒu})
Overview क्या आपने कभी अपना Instagram फीड स्क्रॉल करते हुए सोचा है, "मुझे वह चाहिए जो उनके पास है"? या शायद आप शंघाई की...
是...的 (shì...de) के साथ विवरण पर जोर देना
### Overview नमस्ते! आज हम चीनी भाषा के एक बहुत ही महत्वपूर्ण व्याकरण बिंदु को समझेंगे: `是...的 (shì...de)` का प्रयोग।...
'क्यों' को समझाना (之所以...是因为...)
Overview क्या आपने कभी सोचा है कि कुछ लोग चीनी भाषा को इतनी आसानी से कैसे 'समझ' लेते हैं? आप आमतौर पर चीज़ों को समझाने क...
'क्यों' की व्याख्या करना: कारणों पर जोर देना (之所以...是因为...)
### Overview नमस्ते दोस्तों! आज हम चीनी भाषा के एक बहुत ही महत्वपूर्ण और प्रभावशाली व्याकरण पैटर्न `之所以...是因为...`...
औपचारिक विषय-टिप्पणी संरचनाएं: Guanyu, Zhiyu, और Lun (关于、至于、论)
### Overview नमस्ते! चीनी भाषा सीखने की इस यात्रा में आप अब उस स्तर पर हैं जहाँ आपको केवल वाक्य बनाना नहीं, बल्कि विचार...