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A1 pronoun #600 सबसे आम 14 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

它们

tamen शीर्ष 600

At the A1 level, you only need to know that '它们' (tāmen) means 'they' or 'them' when you are talking about more than one thing or animal. Just like you use '他们' for people, you use '它们' for objects like books, pens, or cats. It is very simple: it's the plural of '它' (it). You will mostly use it to describe things you see around you. For example, if you see two dogs, you can say '它们是狗' (They are dogs). Remember, in Chinese, we don't change the word for 'they' and 'them'—it's always '它们'. Also, at this level, don't worry about the complex history of the word; just focus on using it for groups of non-human things. If you are talking about one book, use '它'. If you are talking about two or more books, use '它们'. It's a great way to make your sentences longer and more interesting without repeating the same noun over and over again.

At the A2 level, you should start using '它们' to connect two sentences together. This helps your Chinese sound more natural and less like a list of separate facts. For example, instead of saying 'I have two cats. The cats are white,' you can say '我有两只猫。它们是白色的。' You should also practice using '它们' as an object after a verb, like '我喜欢它们' (I like them). Another important thing at this level is to realize that you don't always *have* to use '它们'. If it's obvious what you're talking about, you can sometimes leave it out. However, using it correctly shows that you understand the difference between people (他们) and things (它们). You should also be comfortable using '它们的' (tāmen de) to mean 'their' for objects, like '它们的颜色' (their colors).

At the B1 level, you will encounter '它们' in more varied contexts, such as describing abstract ideas, plants, or complex situations. You should be able to use it in more sophisticated sentence structures, like the 'Ba' (把) construction: '请把它们放在这里' (Please put them here). You will also start to notice '它们' in reading passages about nature, science, or technology. At this stage, you should be careful not to 'over-translate' from English. In English, we use 'they/them' constantly, but in B1-level Chinese, you should learn to balance the use of '它们' with other structures like '这些' (these) or simply omitting the pronoun when the subject is clear. You should also be aware of the 'personification' aspect—knowing that while '它们' is grammatically correct for animals, using '他们' can change the emotional tone of your sentence.

At the B2 level, you should have a firm grasp of the 'Europeanized Chinese' (欧化中文) concept. You should understand that the frequent use of '它们' is a relatively modern development influenced by Western languages. In formal writing or high-level literature, you might see '它们' used to refer to complex systems, social phenomena, or philosophical concepts. You should also be able to distinguish between '它们' and more formal pronouns like '之' or '其' which often appear in academic or professional texts. At this level, your use of '它们' should be precise. You should also be able to handle sentences where '它们' refers to a mixture of different non-human categories (e.g., a mix of tools and materials). Your ability to use '它们' to maintain long-range cohesion in a paragraph is a key skill at this level.

At the C1 level, you are expected to use '它们' with stylistic awareness. You should understand how the choice of pronoun affects the register of your speech or writing. For instance, in a scientific paper, '它们' provides the necessary clarity and objectivity. In a poem or a novel, however, an author might purposefully avoid '它们' in favor of more descriptive phrases or classical pronouns to create a specific atmosphere. You should also be familiar with the historical evolution of the character '它' and how the '们' suffix was standardized. You should be able to analyze texts where '它们' is used for rhetorical effect, such as treating abstract forces as if they were tangible entities. Your mastery should include knowing exactly when '它们' is the most efficient choice versus when it might sound too 'clunky' compared to more advanced grammatical structures.

At the C2 level, you have a near-native understanding of the nuances of '它们'. You can use it fluently in any context, from highly technical scientific discourse to nuanced literary analysis. You understand the subtle sociolinguistic implications of pronoun choice—for example, how using '它们' for a group of people in a political essay might be used to critique a system that treats individuals as mere statistics. You are also fully aware of the regional differences in pronoun usage (such as the use of '牠们' in Traditional Chinese contexts) and can navigate these differences with ease. At this level, '它们' is just one tool in a vast arsenal of cohesive devices, and you use it with a sophisticated sense of rhythm, clarity, and tone that matches the highest standards of professional and academic Chinese.

इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव

它们 30 सेकंड में

它们 (tāmen) means 'they' or 'them' for non-human things.
It is used for animals, plants, objects, and abstract ideas.
Never use it for people; use '他们' or '她们' instead.
It is the plural form of '它' (it) and stays the same as subject or object.

The Chinese word 它们 (tāmen) is a third-person plural pronoun specifically reserved for non-human entities. In the vast landscape of Mandarin Chinese grammar, pronouns function as essential building blocks for sentence cohesion, and 它们 serves as the plural counterpart to the singular pronoun 它 (tā). While English uses the versatile word 'they' or 'them' to refer to people, animals, and objects alike, Mandarin maintains a strict orthographic and conceptual distinction. When you are talking about a group of cats, a collection of books, or a set of abstract ideas, 它们 is your primary tool. However, it is crucial to understand that this word is a relatively modern addition to the Chinese language, emerging during the early 20th century to accommodate the translation of Western literature and scientific texts. Before this period, Chinese often relied on context or specific nouns to indicate plurality without needing a dedicated non-human plural pronoun.

Grammatical Function: It acts as both the subject and the object in a sentence. Unlike English, which distinguishes between 'they' (subject) and 'them' (object), 它们 remains unchanged regardless of its position relative to the verb.
Scope of Use: It covers animals, plants, inanimate objects, and abstract concepts. If you are referring to a mixture of people and objects, you must default to '他们' (tāmen - human/mixed), as the human element always takes linguistic precedence.

桌子上有几本书，它们都是我的。(Zhuōzi shàng yǒu jǐ běn shū, tāmen dōu shì wǒ de.) — There are several books on the table; they are all mine.

In everyday conversation, native speakers often omit 它们 if the context is clear. Chinese is a pro-drop language, meaning pronouns are frequently discarded when the listener already knows what is being discussed. For instance, if you just mentioned your keys, you might simply say '找到了' (found [them]) instead of '我找到它们了'. Using 它们 too frequently can sometimes make your Chinese sound 'translated' or overly formal, a phenomenon known as 'Europeanized Chinese' (欧化中文). However, for clarity in complex descriptions or when introducing new information about a group of objects, 它们 is indispensable. It provides a clear anchor for the listener, ensuring they know you are still discussing the non-human subjects previously mentioned. In scientific writing or technical manuals, 它们 is used with high frequency to maintain precision and avoid ambiguity when describing multiple components or biological specimens.

Visually, the character 它 (tā) is fascinating. It originally depicted a snake, which explains its non-human association. The addition of the pluralizing suffix 们 (men) follows the standard pattern for personal pronouns (我/我们, 你/你们, 他/他们). This consistency makes it easy for beginners to learn, but the nuance lies in knowing when *not* to use it. In classical Chinese, pronouns like '之' (zhī) or '其' (qí) were used for these purposes, and you will still see those in formal idioms or literary works. But for modern, standard Mandarin, 它们 is the go-to plural for everything from the stars in the sky to the shoes on your feet. It bridges the gap between the specific and the general, allowing speakers to group diverse non-human entities under a single, efficient linguistic umbrella.

这些花很漂亮，它们需要很多水。(Zhèxiē huā hěn piàoliang, tāmen xūyào hěnduō shuǐ.) — These flowers are very beautiful; they need a lot of water.

Historical Context: The 'it' pronoun (它) was popularized by Liu Bannong, a famous linguist, to create a gender-specific and animacy-specific system in the early 1900s. Before this, '他' was used for everything.

Using 它们 (tāmen) correctly involves understanding its placement within the standard Chinese SVO (Subject-Verb-Object) structure. Because 它们 is a pronoun, it replaces a noun phrase that has already been mentioned or is clearly understood from the environment. Its primary role is to reduce repetition. Instead of saying 'The apples are on the table. The apples are red. The apples are sweet,' you would say 'The apples are on the table. They are red and sweet.' In Chinese, this translates to '苹果在桌上。它们又红又甜。' Notice how 它们 smoothly takes over the role of 'the apples' in the second sentence. This transition is vital for natural-sounding speech and writing.

As a Subject: When 它们 is the subject, it usually appears at the very beginning of the sentence or immediately after a conjunction like '但是' (but) or '而且' (and). Example: '那些房子很旧，但是它们很结实。' (Those houses are old, but they are very sturdy.)
As an Object: When 它们 is the object, it follows the verb. Example: '我喜欢这些照片，我想把它们挂在墙上。' (I like these photos; I want to hang them on the wall.) In this case, 它们 functions exactly like 'them' in English.

森林里有很多树，它们长得非常高。(Sēnlín lǐ yǒu hěnduō shù, tāmen zhǎng de fēicháng gāo.) — There are many trees in the forest; they grow very tall.

One of the most important rules to remember is the 'Animacy Hierarchy.' In Chinese, pronouns are used much less frequently for inanimate objects than in English. If you are talking about a group of pencils, you might just say '丢了' (lost) rather than '我把它们丢了' (I lost them). However, for animals, 它们 is used much more consistently because animals are perceived as having more 'agency' or 'life' than a pencil. If you are describing the behavior of a pack of wolves, 它们 will appear frequently to track the subjects through the narrative. This distinction is subtle but separates a beginner from an intermediate speaker. Beginners tend to use 它们 every time they would use 'they/them' in English, while advanced speakers use it selectively to maintain flow without cluttering the sentence.

Furthermore, 它们 can be modified by adverbs like '都' (all) or '也' (also). The phrase '它们都' (they all) is extremely common. For example, '这些杯子都碎了，它们都不能用了。' (These cups are all broken; they all can't be used anymore.) The '都' reinforces the plurality already present in the '们' suffix. You should also be aware of the possessive form: '它们的' (tāmen de), which means 'their' or 'theirs' for non-humans. '这些鸟的羽毛很漂亮，它们的颜色各不相同。' (These birds' feathers are beautiful; their colors are all different.) Here, 它们的 clearly links the colors back to the birds. Mastery of these patterns allows you to describe complex scenes, from a collection of artifacts in a museum to the various components of a software system, with grammatical precision and natural rhythm.

我买了几个苹果，请把它们洗干净。(Wǒ mǎile jǐ gè píngguǒ, qǐng bǎ tāmen xǐ gānjìng.) — I bought a few apples; please wash them clean.

Word Order Tip: Always ensure the noun being replaced by 它们 has been established in the previous clause. Using 它们 without a clear antecedent can confuse the listener, as it is a very general pronoun.

In the real world, 它们 (tāmen) is a staple of descriptive language. You will encounter it most frequently in contexts where multiple non-human subjects are being analyzed, categorized, or described in detail. One of the most common places to hear this word is in nature documentaries. As the narrator describes a group of lions hunting or a colony of ants building a nest, 它们 is used repeatedly to refer back to the animals. In this setting, the word carries a sense of objective observation. It allows the narrator to provide a continuous stream of information about the subjects' behaviors, habitats, and characteristics without having to repeat the specific animal names constantly, which would sound repetitive and clunky.

Scientific & Educational Contexts: In classrooms and textbooks, 它们 is used to discuss elements, planets, or mathematical sets. '太阳系有八大行星，它们都绕着太阳转。' (There are eight major planets in the solar system; they all revolve around the sun.)
News and Media: When reporting on events involving multiple objects—such as a fleet of new electric buses or a series of historical artifacts discovered in an excavation—journalists use 它们 to maintain a professional and clear narrative flow.

这些新技术改变了世界，它们让生活更方便。(Zhèxiē xīn jìshù gǎibiànle shìjiè, tāmen ràng shēnghuó gèng fāngbiàn.) — These new technologies changed the world; they make life more convenient.

Another common environment for 它们 is in commercial settings, particularly in product descriptions and advertisements. If a company is selling a set of skincare products, the marketing copy might say, '这些产品含有天然成分，它们能有效保护你的皮肤。' (These products contain natural ingredients; they can effectively protect your skin.) Here, 它们 acts as a persuasive link, connecting the features of the products to their benefits. Similarly, in an IKEA catalog or a furniture store, you might hear a salesperson discussing a dining set: '这些椅子是手工制作的，它们非常耐用。' (These chairs are handmade; they are very durable.) In these consumer-facing scenarios, 它们 helps to personify the products slightly while remaining grammatically accurate for inanimate objects.

You will also hear 它们 in everyday problem-solving. Imagine you are looking for your glasses and your phone. You might ask, '我的眼镜和手机呢？你看到它们了吗？' (Where are my glasses and phone? Have you seen them?) In this casual dialogue, 它们 efficiently groups two different types of objects into one pronoun. However, pay attention to the fact that in very informal spoken Chinese, people might just say '你看到了吗？' (Did you see [it/them]?) or use '那些东西' (those things) instead. The use of 它们 often adds a slight touch of clarity and completeness to the sentence. Whether you are reading a technical manual about engine parts or listening to a weather report about approaching storm clouds ('这些云层很厚，它们将带来大雨'), 它们 is the linguistic thread that ties multiple non-human entities together in the listener's mind.

动物园里的猴子很聪明，它们会模仿人的动作。(Dòngwùyuán lǐ de hóuzi hěn cōngmíng, tāmen huì mófǎng rén de dòngzuò.) — The monkeys in the zoo are smart; they can imitate human actions.

Common Audio Cues: Listen for the flat, high 'tā' followed by the neutral, short 'men'. It often sounds like a quick rhythmic beat in the middle of a sentence, signaling a shift from naming objects to describing them.

One of the most frequent errors English speakers make when learning 它们 (tāmen) is using it to refer to people. In English, 'they' is the universal plural pronoun. In Chinese, however, the distinction is visual and conceptual. If you are talking about your friends, you *must* use 他们 (tāmen - with the person radical '亻'). Using 它们 for people is not just a grammatical slip; it can be perceived as dehumanizing or insulting, as it literally treats the people as if they were objects or animals. Always double-check your radical: the '宀' (roof) radical in 它 is for things, while the '亻' (person) radical in 他 is for humans. This is the single most important rule to master to avoid social awkwardness.

Mistake 1: Dehumanization: Incorrect: 我的老师们很好，它们很聪明。(My teachers are good; they are smart.) Correct: 他们很聪明。 Explanation: Teachers are humans, so '它们' is inappropriate.
Mistake 2: Overuse in Inanimate Contexts: In English, we say 'I like these shoes. I bought them yesterday.' In Chinese, it is more natural to say '我喜欢这双鞋，昨天买的' (I like these shoes, bought [them] yesterday) rather than '我喜欢这双鞋，我昨天买了它们.' Overusing '它们' for simple objects makes your Chinese sound stiff and unnatural.

错误：我爱我的父母，它们对我很好。(Incorrect: I love my parents; they are good to me.) — This is a major error; use '他们'.

Another common mistake is confusing 它们 with the demonstrative pronouns 这些 (zhèxiē - these) and 那些 (nàxiē - those). While 它们 is a personal pronoun used to replace a noun, 这些 and 那些 are demonstratives used to point to specific things. If you are pointing at a group of boxes and saying 'Those are heavy,' you should use '那些很重' or '那些箱子很重.' If you have already been talking about the boxes and want to say 'They are heavy,' then you use '它们很重.' Beginners often use 它们 when they should be pointing with '这些' or '那些'. Remember: 它们 is for *referring back*, while 这些/那些 is for *pointing out*.

Lastly, learners sometimes forget that 它们 is strictly plural. If you are talking about a single book, you must use 它 (tā). Adding the '们' suffix turns it into a group. Conversely, some learners try to use 它们 with a number, like '三个它们' (three of them). This is grammatically incorrect in Chinese. Instead of 'three of them,' you should say '其中三个' (three among them) or simply '三个' if the context is clear. Chinese measure words and pronouns have a specific relationship, and 它们 does not typically combine directly with numbers and measure words in the way English pronouns do. Mastering these nuances will help you move from a 'translated' style of Chinese to a more authentic, native-like expression.

错误：我有三只猫，我喜欢三个它们。(Incorrect: I have three cats; I like three of them.) — Correct: 我喜欢这三只猫。

The 'Pet' Exception: While '它们' is technically correct for animals, using it for your own pets in a conversation with friends might make you seem less attached to them. Many Chinese people use '他们' or '她们' for pets to treat them as family members.

Understanding 它们 (tāmen) requires comparing it to other pronouns and demonstratives that share similar functions. The most obvious comparisons are with its human counterparts, 他们 (tāmen - masculine/mixed) and 她们 (tāmen - feminine). While they all sound identical in spoken Mandarin (all are pronounced 'tāmen'), their written forms and usage constraints are strictly divided. This is a unique feature of modern Chinese: a phonetic unity but a graphic and grammatical diversity. When you hear 'tāmen,' you must rely entirely on context to know if the speaker is talking about a group of men, women, or inanimate objects.

它们 vs. 这些/那些 (zhèxiē/nàxiē): '这些' means 'these' and '那些' means 'those'. Use these when you are identifying or pointing to objects. Use '它们' when you are referring back to objects already identified. Example: '这些书很好 (These books are good). 它们很贵 (They are expensive).'
它们 vs. 牠们 (tāmen - traditional/specific): In Traditional Chinese (used in Taiwan/Hong Kong) and sometimes in older Simplified texts, '牠们' (with the animal radical '犭') is used specifically for animals, while '它们' is reserved for inanimate objects. In modern Simplified Chinese, '它们' has largely swallowed the role of '牠们'.

这里的风景很美，它们让我感到平静。(The scenery here is beautiful; they [the views] make me feel peaceful.) — Here, '它们' refers to abstract elements of the scenery.

Another alternative is the use of '之' (zhī) in formal or semi-formal writing. '之' can act as a third-person pronoun meaning 'him/her/it/them' when used as an object. For example, '取之不尽' (take from it/them without end). While '它们' is the standard in modern speech, '之' is much more concise and is frequently found in four-character idioms (chengyu) and academic papers. If you want to sound more sophisticated in your writing, learning how to replace '它们' with '之' in certain classical structures can be very effective. However, for most learners, sticking to '它们' is the safest and most practical choice for daily communication.

Lastly, consider the word '其' (qí). Like '之', '其' is a classical remnant that often means 'their' or 'its'. In formal modern Chinese, you might see '其结果' (its/their result) instead of '它们的结果'. '其' is very common in news headlines and legal documents because it is shorter and sounds more authoritative. For a beginner, 它们 is the essential foundation, but as you progress to HSK 4 and above, you will start to see these alternatives (之, 其, 牠们) appearing in different registers of the language. Understanding the boundaries between these words—knowing that 它们 is neutral and modern, while 之 and 其 are formal and classical—is a key step in achieving true fluency in Chinese.

我有很多梦想，它们都与旅行有关。(I have many dreams; they are all related to travel.) — Here, '它们' refers to abstract dreams.

Register Summary: - 它们: Standard, neutral, plural objects/animals.
- 这些/那些: Demonstrative, used for pointing.
- 之/其: Formal, literary, often singular or plural.

How Formal Is It?

औपचारिक

"这些数据非常准确，它们为我们的研究提供了有力支持。"

तटस्थ

"桌子上有几支笔，它们是你的吗？"

अनौपचारिक

"我的钥匙呢？你看到它们了吗？"

Child friendly

"看那些小鸭子，它们在游泳！"

बोलचाल

"别管那些破事了，让它们过去吧。"

रोचक तथ्य

The distinction between 他, 她, and 它 was only created in the early 20th century. Before that, '他' was used for everyone and everything. The 'it' version (它) was specifically chosen because of its ancient meaning to represent non-humans.

उच्चारण मार्गदर्शिका

UK /tʰa⁵⁵ mən/

US /tʰa⁵⁵ mən/

The stress is on the first syllable '它们' (tā). The second syllable '们' is unstressed and very short.

तुकबंदी

花们 (huāmen - if personifying flowers) 他 (tā) 她 (tā) 家 (jiā - partial rhyme with the 'tā' part) 刷 (shuā) 瓜 (guā) 虾 (xiā) 茶 (chá - tonal contrast)

आम गलतियाँ

Pronouncing 'men' with a full 2nd or 4th tone instead of a neutral tone.
Forgetting the aspiration on the 't' in 'tā'.
Making the 'a' sound too much like the 'a' in 'cat' instead of 'father'.
Dragging out the 'men' syllable too long.
Falling tone on 'tā' instead of a steady high tone.

कठिनाई स्तर

पठन 1/5

Very easy to recognize due to the '们' suffix and '它' base.

लिखना 2/5

Need to remember the 'roof' radical instead of the 'person' radical.

बोलना 1/5

Identical to '他们', so no new pronunciation to learn.

श्रवण 3/5

Hard to distinguish from '他们' or '她们' without context.

आगे क्या सीखें

पूर्वापेक्षाएँ

它 (it) 们 (plural marker) 他 (he) 她 (she)

आगे सीखें

这些 (these) 那些 (those) 东西 (things) 动物 (animals)

उन्नत

之 (classical it/them) 其 (classical its/their) 牠 (traditional animal 'it')

ज़रूरी व्याकरण

Plural Suffix '们'

我 -> 我们, 它 -> 它们.

Pro-drop (Pronoun Omission)

Context: Where are the keys? Answer: 找到了 (Found [them]) instead of 我找到它们了.

Ba Construction with Pronouns

请把它们拿走 (Please take them away).

Possessive Particle '的'

它们的颜色 (Their color).

Animacy Distinction

Use 它们 for objects, 他们 for people.

स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण

它们是我的猫。

They are my cats.

Subject position. '它们' refers to the cats.

我喜欢它们。

I like them.

Object position. '它们' refers to something previously mentioned.

它们很大。

They are big.

Simple adjective description.

这些书？它们在桌子上。

These books? They are on the table.

Referring back to '这些书'.

它们是红色的。

They are red.

Describing color.

它们不贵。

They are not expensive.

Negative sentence with '不'.

它们叫什么？

What are they called?

Question form.

看，它们在那儿！

Look, they are over there!

Locational sentence.

我有两只狗，它们都很听话。

I have two dogs; they are both very obedient.

Using '都' to emphasize 'all of them'.

这些衣服很漂亮，我想买它们。

These clothes are beautiful; I want to buy them.

Object of the verb '买'.

它们的颜色非常特别。

Their colors are very special.

Possessive form '它们的'.

虽然这些手机很旧，但它们还能用。

Although these phones are old, they can still be used.

Used in a '虽然...但...' contrastive sentence.

请把它们放进包里。

Please put them into the bag.

Used in a '把' construction.

森林里有很多树，它们长得很快。

There are many trees in the forest; they grow very fast.

Referring to plants.

我不认识这些字，它们太难了。

I don't know these characters; they are too difficult.

Referring to abstract symbols (characters).

你看到我的钥匙了吗？我找不到它们了。

Have you seen my keys? I can't find them.

Standard object usage.

这些问题很复杂，我们需要时间来解决它们。

These problems are very complex; we need time to solve them.

Referring to abstract problems.

为了保护这些动物，我们必须了解它们的生活习性。

In order to protect these animals, we must understand their living habits.

Used in a '为了' (in order to) purpose clause.

这些旧照片勾起了我的回忆，它们对我来说很重要。

These old photos evoked my memories; they are very important to me.

Subject of a clause indicating importance.

如果你不小心照顾这些植物，它们很快就会枯萎。

If you don't take care of these plants carefully, they will soon wither.

Used in a conditional '如果' sentence.

我把所有的文件都整理好了，你可以随时查看它们。

I have organized all the documents; you can check them at any time.

Referring to a group of documents.

这些机器是全自动的，它们可以节省大量人力。

These machines are fully automatic; they can save a lot of manpower.

Referring to industrial equipment.

虽然这些建议很有用，但我还没决定是否采纳它们。

Although these suggestions are useful, I haven't decided whether to adopt them.

Referring to abstract suggestions.

这些星星离我们很远，但它们依然在发光。

These stars are far from us, but they are still shining.

Referring to celestial bodies.

这些法律条款非常严厉，它们旨在维护社会秩序。

These legal clauses are very strict; they are aimed at maintaining social order.

Formal usage referring to legal concepts.

由于缺乏维护，这些古建筑正面临倒塌的危险，我们必须抢救它们。

Due to a lack of maintenance, these ancient buildings are facing the danger of collapse; we must rescue them.

Used in a '由于' (due to) causal sentence.

这些实验数据至关重要，因为它们证明了我们的假设。

These experimental data are crucial because they prove our hypothesis.

Referring to scientific data.

这些艺术品风格独特，它们反映了那个时代的审美观。

These artworks have a unique style; they reflect the aesthetic values of that era.

Referring to artistic creations.

无论这些困难有多大，我们都要努力克服它们。

No matter how great these difficulties are, we must strive to overcome them.

Used in a '无论...都...' (no matter what) structure.

这些新政策将影响成千上万的企业，它们的作用不可小觑。

These new policies will affect thousands of businesses; their role should not be underestimated.

Referring to government policies.

通过分析这些样本，科学家们发现它们含有微量的放射性物质。

By analyzing these samples, scientists discovered that they contain trace amounts of radioactive substances.

Referring to scientific samples.

这些传统习俗流传了数百年，它们是文化遗产的重要组成部分。

These traditional customs have been passed down for hundreds of years; they are an important part of cultural heritage.

Referring to abstract customs.

这些文学作品不仅具有审美价值，它们还深刻地揭示了人性的复杂性。

These literary works not only possess aesthetic value, but they also profoundly reveal the complexity of human nature.

High-level literary analysis.

在处理这些外交事务时，我们必须审慎，因为它们关系到国家的根本利益。

When handling these diplomatic affairs, we must be cautious because they concern the fundamental interests of the country.

Formal political context.

这些哲学命题虽然晦涩难懂，但它们引发了无数思想家的辩论。

Although these philosophical propositions are obscure and difficult to understand, they have sparked debates among countless thinkers.

Referring to abstract philosophical ideas.

这些城市化进程带来的负面影响，我们不能视而不见，而应积极寻找对策来缓解它们。

We cannot turn a blind eye to the negative impacts brought by these urbanization processes; instead, we should actively seek countermeasures to alleviate them.

Complex sentence structure with '视而不见' and '缓解'.

这些基因序列的排列方式决定了生物的性状，它们是生命蓝图的核心。

The arrangement of these gene sequences determines the traits of organisms; they are the core of the blueprint of life.

Technical biological description.

这些历史事件看似孤立，但实际上它们之间存在着千丝万缕的联系。

These historical events seem isolated, but in reality, there are countless ties between them.

Using the idiom '千丝万缕' with '它们'.

尽管这些论据在逻辑上是成立的，但它们在实践中往往难以应用。

Even though these arguments are logically sound, they are often difficult to apply in practice.

Referring to logical arguments.

这些生态系统的脆弱性提醒我们，如果不对它们加以保护，后果将不堪设想。

The fragility of these ecosystems reminds us that if we do not protect them, the consequences will be unimaginable.

Referring to ecological systems.

这些宏观经济指标的波动，虽然细微，但它们往往是金融危机爆发的前兆。

The fluctuations of these macroeconomic indicators, though subtle, are often precursors to the outbreak of a financial crisis.

Sophisticated economic analysis.

这些权力结构在社会中根深蒂固，它们通过各种隐蔽的机制来维持自身的运作。

These power structures are deeply rooted in society; they maintain their operation through various hidden mechanisms.

Sociological discourse.

这些量子力学现象挑战了我们的直觉，因为它们展示了微观世界中物质的波粒二象性。

These quantum mechanical phenomena challenge our intuition because they demonstrate the wave-particle duality of matter in the microscopic world.

Advanced scientific terminology.

这些法律条文的解释权归属于最高法院，它们在司法实践中具有最高的权威性。

The right to interpret these legal provisions belongs to the Supreme Court; they possess the highest authority in judicial practice.

Legal and constitutional context.

这些叙事手法在现代主义文学中屡见不鲜，它们旨在打破传统的时空观念。

These narrative techniques are common in modernist literature; they aim to break traditional concepts of time and space.

Literary theory and criticism.

这些地缘政治博弈的复杂性超乎想象，它们牵动着全球安全格局的每一根神经。

The complexity of these geopolitical gambits is beyond imagination; they affect every nerve of the global security landscape.

Metaphorical and high-level political language.

这些算法在处理海量数据时表现出色，但它们也引发了关于隐私和伦理的深刻担忧。

These algorithms perform excellently when processing massive amounts of data, but they also raise profound concerns about privacy and ethics.

Referring to computer algorithms.

这些文明遗迹虽然已经残破不堪，但它们依然向世人诉说着昔日的辉煌与沧桑。

Although these ruins of civilization are dilapidated, they still tell the world of past glory and the vicissitudes of time.

Poetic and evocative language.

सामान्य शब्द संयोजन

它们都

把它们

关于它们

其中的它们

它们之间

对于它们

因为它们

它们自己

通过它们

所有的它们

सामान्य वाक्यांश

这就是它们

它们是谁？

它们在哪里？

它们怎么了？

它们看起来...

它们叫...

它们属于...

它们代表...

它们被...

它们将...

अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है

它们 vs 他们

Used for people (masculine or mixed groups).

它们 vs 她们

Used for groups of only females.

它们 vs 它

The singular form (it).

मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ

"取之不尽，用之不竭"

Inexhaustible; literally 'take from them without end, use them without exhausting'.

大自然的资源并非取之不尽，用之不竭。

Formal

"视若无睹"

To turn a blind eye; to see them but act as if not.

他对手下的错误视若无睹。

Formal

"弃之可惜"

Too good to throw away but of little use.

这些旧家具，食之无味，弃之可惜。

Neutral

"与之相比"

Compared with them/it.

与之相比，我们的努力还不够。

Formal

"言之有理"

What is said makes sense.

你的分析言之有理。

Neutral

"求之不得"

Most welcome; something one seeks but cannot get (usually used when one finally gets it).

这样的机会，我是求之不得啊。

Neutral

"之类"

And the like; such as.

我不喜欢吃苹果、梨子之类的水果。

Neutral

"总而言之"

In short; to sum it up.

总而言之，这个计划行不通。

Neutral

"置之不理"

To ignore; to leave them/it aside.

他对我的建议置之不理。

Formal

"避之唯恐不及"

To avoid something like the plague.

大家对他避之唯恐不及。

Formal

आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले

它们 vs 这些

Both refer to multiple things.

'这些' is 'these' (pointing), '它们' is 'they' (referring back).

这些书是我的，它们很有趣。

它们 vs 那些

Both refer to multiple things.

'那些' is 'those' (pointing far), '它们' is 'they' (referring back).

那些鸟很漂亮，它们在唱歌。

它们 vs 东西

Both relate to objects.

'东西' is the noun 'things', '它们' is the pronoun 'them'.

我买了一些东西，我把它们放在车里了。

它们 vs 全部

Both can refer to a whole group.

'全部' means 'all/entirety', '它们' means 'they'.

这些苹果，它们全部都坏了。

它们 vs 其

Both can mean 'their'.

'其' is formal/classical, '它们的' is modern/neutral.

其结果 (formal) vs 它们的结果 (neutral).

वाक्य संरचनाएँ

它们是 + Noun

它们是苹果。

它们很 + Adj

它们很大。

Verb + 它们

我喜欢它们。

它们的 + Noun

它们的颜色是红色的。

把 + 它们 + Verb

请把它们洗干净。

因为...所以它们...

因为下雨，所以它们都湿了。

虽然...但是它们...

虽然很贵，但是它们质量很好。

不仅...而且它们...

这些政策不仅重要，而且它们影响深远。

शब्द परिवार

इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें

frequency

Very high in written Chinese; moderately high in spoken Chinese.

सामान्य गलतियाँ

Using 它们 for a group of people. → 使用“他们”或“她们”。
它们 is strictly for non-humans. Using it for people is offensive.
Using 它们 for a single object. → 使用“它”。
们 is a plural suffix. 它们 must refer to two or more things.
Saying '三个它们' for 'three of them'. → 使用“其中三个”或“这三个”。
Pronouns in Chinese don't usually follow numbers directly.
Using 它们 when pointing to things for the first time. → 使用“这些”或“那些”。
它们 is for referring back to something already known. Use demonstratives to introduce or point.
Using 它们 for a mixed group of people and animals. → 使用“他们”。
The human pronoun '他们' always takes precedence in mixed groups.

सुझाव

The Radical Rule

Always look at the radical. '宀' is a roof, and things stay under a roof. This will help you remember that '它们' is for objects.

Avoid Overuse

If you just mentioned the noun, you don't always need '它们'. '我买了苹果，洗了' is more natural than '我买了苹果，我洗了它们'.

Dehumanization Danger

Never use '它们' for people. It's like calling a person 'it' in English, but plural. It's very rude.

Clear Antecedents

Make sure the reader knows exactly what '它们' refers to. If you've mentioned both 'books' and 'tables', clarify which one '它们' is replacing.

Context is King

Since 'tāmen' sounds the same for he/she/it, always listen for the nouns mentioned right before to know which one it is.

Possessive Power

Remember '它们的' for 'their'. It's very useful for describing features of animals or parts of machines.

HSK Tip

In HSK exams, '它们' often appears in reading sections about environment or technology. Practice identifying its antecedent.

The Snake Story

Remember that '它' was originally a snake. Snakes are animals, not people. So '它们' is for animals and things.

Formal Alternatives

As you get better, try using '之' or '其' in formal writing to sound more like a native scholar.

The 'Ba' Pattern

Practice the phrase '把它们...' (e.g., 把它们拿走, 把它们放下). It's a very common way to use this word.

याद करें

स्मृति सहायक

Think of the '宀' radical on top of '它们' as a roof. Under the roof are things (like furniture or pets), not people. People (他) have the person radical '亻'.

दृश्य संबंध

Imagine a house (the roof radical 宀) filled with cats and books. Those are '它们'.

Word Web

它 (it) 们 (plural) 它们 (they - things) 他们 (they - people) 她们 (they - women) 这些 (these) 那些 (those) 其 (its/their)

चैलेंज

Try to find 5 objects in your room and say '它们是...' followed by an adjective for each group.

शब्द की उत्पत्ति

The character 它 (tā) originally depicted a snake in ancient oracle bone script. Over time, it was borrowed to mean 'other' and eventually became the third-person pronoun for 'it'. The plural suffix 们 (men) was added much later, following the pattern of human pronouns.

मूल अर्थ: Snake (pictographic).

Sino-Tibetan.

सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ

Never use '它们' to refer to people, as it is highly offensive and dehumanizing.

English speakers often struggle with the fact that 'they' is one word in English but three in Chinese (他们, 她们, 它们).

Modern Chinese literature often uses '它们' to describe the cold, industrial world. Scientific documentaries in China use '它们' extensively to maintain an objective tone. Translation of 'The Animals' (Aesop's Fables) into Chinese uses '它们' or '牠们'.

असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें

वास्तविक संदर्भ

Talking about pets

它们很可爱
它们在玩
给它们喂食
它们多大了？

Shopping for items

我想买它们
它们多少钱？
它们有别的颜色吗？
把它们包起来

Describing nature

它们在开花
它们长得很高
它们需要阳光
它们在飞

Office/School work

把它们打印出来
它们在文件夹里
我找不到它们了
把它们发给我

Problem solving

我们要解决它们
它们很难处理
找出它们的问题
把它们修好

बातचीत की शुरुआत

"你看到我的那些书了吗？我不知道把它们放哪儿了。"

"这些花真漂亮，它们叫什么名字？"

"你觉得这些新机器怎么样？它们好用吗？"

"动物园里的那些猴子真有趣，它们在做什么？"

"这些苹果看起来很甜，我们要买它们吗？"

डायरी विषय

写一写你家里的几样东西，描述一下它们是什么样子的。

如果你有两只宠物，描述一下它们每天都在做什么。

谈谈你最近买的一些东西，以及你为什么喜欢它们。

描述一下你窗外的树或花，说说它们在不同季节的变化。

写一写你学习中的几个难点，以及你打算如何克服它们。

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल

10 सवाल

Yes, it is grammatically correct. However, if you want to show that the pets are like family, many native speakers use '他们' (they - human) instead. Using '它们' is more objective and slightly more detached.

You must use '他们'. In Chinese, if there is even one human in the group, the human pronoun takes precedence. You never use '它们' if a person is included.

In Traditional Chinese, '它们' is used for inanimate objects, while '牠们' (with the animal radical) is used for animals. In Simplified Chinese, '它们' is used for both.

Yes, '它们' is the correct pronoun for a group of plants, flowers, or trees.

You add the possessive particle '的' to get '它们的' (tāmen de). For example, '它们的颜色' (their colors).

Chinese is a 'pro-drop' language. If the audience already knows what objects are being discussed, speakers often just omit the pronoun entirely to sound more natural.

Relatively, yes. It was popularized in the early 20th century to help translate Western languages that had distinct pronouns for 'it' and 'they' (non-human).

Yes, it can refer to things like 'problems', 'dreams', 'policies', or 'theories'.

No. Unlike English (they/them), '它们' stays the same whether it's the subject or the object.

No, that is incorrect. You should say '其中三个' (three among them) or '这三个' (these three).