A0 · ゼロポイント チャプター 2

First Words: Greetings & Essentials

5 トータルルール
1 分
このチャプターのルール クイック練習

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of your first Bulgarian interactions with essential greetings and polite phrases.

  • Greet locals confidently using standard Bulgarian salutations.
  • Apply polite phrases to navigate everyday social interactions.
  • Formulate basic introductions and inquire about others' well-being.
Speak like a local from day one.

学べること

Learn essential greetings, farewells, and basic courtesy phrases to start simple conversations. This chapter equips you with survival expressions for everyday interactions.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Use greetings and introductions to start a brief conversation.

ヒントとコツ (4)

💡

Use -те

Always add -те for groups or formal situations.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Greetings (Поздрави)
💡

Pronunciation

Say 'Довиждане' slowly at first.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Farewells (Довиждане)
🎯

The 'Моля' Multi-Tool

Remember that 'Моля' is your best friend. It works for 'please', 'you're welcome', and 'pardon?'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Basic Courtesy Phrases (Моля, Благодаря)
💡

Drop the Pronoun

In casual Bulgarian, you don't need to say 'Аз'. Just 'Съм Иван' works perfectly.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Introducing Yourself (Аз съм...)

重要な語彙 (6)

Здравей Hello (informal) Довиждане Goodbye Благодаря Thank you Моля Please / You're welcome Аз съм I am Как си? How are you? (informal)

Real-World Preview

coffee

Meeting a New Friend

Review Summary

  • Здравей / Добър ден
  • Довиждане
  • Благодаря / Моля
  • Аз съм [Name]
  • Как си? / Как сте?

よくある間違い

It is culturally polite to lead with a greeting before stating your name. Just jumping into the name can sound blunt.

Wrong: Аз съм Иван.
正解: Здравей, аз съм Иван.

Use 'Как си' for friends and 'Как сте' for formal situations or strangers. Mixing them can be seen as disrespectful.

Wrong: Как си? (to a stranger)
正解: Как сте? (to a stranger)

Bulgarian greetings are time-sensitive. 'Добър ден' is for the day, 'Добър вечер' for the evening.

Wrong: Добър ден (at night)
正解: Добър вечер (at night)

Next Steps

You have mastered the basics! Keep practicing these phrases, and you'll be ready for real conversations in no time.

Practice saying your introduction out loud 5 times.

Continue to: Meet the Nouns: Gender & Number

クイック練習 (10)

Correct the mistake.

Find and fix the mistake:

Как сте, приятелю?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Как си, приятелю?
Friend is informal.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Asking 'How are you?' (Как си/сте?)

Choose the correct form.

Ти ___ студент.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: си
2nd person singular.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Introducing Yourself (Аз съм...)

Choose the formal greeting.

Which is formal?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Здравейте
Plural/formal.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Greetings (Поздрави)

Fill in the blank for a formal situation.

Как ___?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: сте
Formal is 'сте'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Asking 'How are you?' (Как си/сте?)

Which is formal?

How to thank a boss?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Благодаря Ви
Use 'Ви' for formal.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Basic Courtesy Phrases (Моля, Благодаря)

Find the mistake.

Find and fix the mistake:

Чао, господине.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Чао -> Довиждане
Use formal farewells with titles.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Farewells (Довиждане)

Which is correct?

How to say thank you?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Благодаря
Благодаря means thank you.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Basic Courtesy Phrases (Моля, Благодаря)

Correct the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Той съм лекар.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Той е лекар
3rd person singular.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Introducing Yourself (Аз съм...)

Fill in the correct form of 'съм'.

Аз ___ Иван.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: съм
1st person singular.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Introducing Yourself (Аз съм...)

Fill in the blank.

___ ден!

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Приятен
Приятен ден is the correct phrase.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Farewells (Довиждане)

Score: /10

よくある質問 (6)

No, use 'Здравейте'.
No, it's very casual.
No, only with friends.
Until seeing.
Yes, but it's informal. Use 'Благодаря' for professional settings.
Use it for 'please', 'you're welcome', and 'pardon?'.
前のチャプター
Unlocking the Cyrillic Script
次のチャプター
Meet the Nouns: Gender & Number
ロードマップに戻る