filtern 30秒で
- To filter: pass through a filter (literal), sift/select information (figurative).
- Literal: water, coffee, air. Figurative: emails, search results, data.
- Regular verb: ich filtere, du filterst, er filtert, wir filtern, ihr filtert, sie filtern.
- Use context: what is being filtered and how.
The German verb 'filtern' translates directly to 'to filter' in English. It's a versatile word used in both literal and figurative senses. Literally, it refers to the physical process of passing a substance through a filter to remove impurities or separate components. Think about using a coffee filter, a water filter, or even an air filter – these all involve 'filtern'. Figuratively, 'filtern' can mean to sift through information, to select or screen something, or to process data to get the desired outcome. It implies a process of selection or purification.
- Literal Usage
- When you physically separate something using a sieve, screen, or permeable material. For example, filtering water to make it drinkable or filtering coffee grounds from liquid.
- Figurative Usage
- When you process, select, or screen information, data, or options to find what is relevant or desired. This can apply to searching online, reviewing applications, or even making choices in life.
Wir müssen das Wasser filtern, bevor wir es trinken können.
Die Suchmaschine kann die Ergebnisse nach Relevanz filtern.
To use 'filtern' correctly, you need to consider what is being filtered and what it's being filtered through (if applicable). The most common structure is Subject + filtern + Object. The object is what is being filtered. Sometimes, you might specify the purpose or the medium of filtering. For example, 'Das Gerät filtert die Luft' (The device filters the air). When filtering information, the object is often abstract, like 'Nachrichten' (news) or 'Ergebnisse' (results).
- Basic Structure
- The subject performs the action of filtering on the object. Example: 'Ich filtere das Wasser.' (I filter the water.)
- With a Medium
- You can specify what the filtering happens through, often using 'durch' (through). Example: 'Wir filtern den Kaffee durch einen Papierfilter.' (We filter the coffee through a paper filter.)
- Figurative Use
- In abstract contexts, the object is often information or data. Example: 'Die Software hilft, Spam-E-Mails zu filtern.' (The software helps to filter spam emails.)
Der Koch filtert die Suppe, um sie klarer zu machen.
Bitte filtern Sie die Ergebnisse nach dem Datum.
You'll hear 'filtern' in a variety of everyday situations and contexts. In a kitchen, it's common when preparing food or drinks. Imagine someone talking about making coffee or purifying water. In a technological context, especially online, it's used frequently. Discussions about search engines, social media feeds, or even software settings will often involve 'filtern'. You might also hear it when people discuss health and hygiene, like filtering air in a room or filtering out pollutants. In a more abstract sense, it appears in conversations about decision-making, sorting through options, or processing information. For instance, a manager might talk about filtering job applications, or a student might mention filtering research articles for a paper.
- Home and Kitchen
- Making coffee, purifying drinking water, straining sauces or broths.
- Technology and Internet
- Filtering search results, emails, spam, social media feeds, or data in spreadsheets.
- Health and Environment
- Air purifiers, water filters, filtering out harmful substances.
- Abstract Concepts
- Filtering opinions, selecting candidates, sifting through information for a project.
Mein neuer Wasserkocher hat einen eingebauten Filter, um Kalk zu filtern.
Auf der Webseite kann man die Produkte nach Preis filtern.
Learners might sometimes confuse 'filtern' with similar-sounding verbs or use it in contexts where a more specific verb is appropriate. One common pitfall is using 'filtern' when 'reinigen' (to clean) or 'waschen' (to wash) would be more accurate. For example, while filtering water purifies it, the primary action is filtering. If you're just washing your hands, you wouldn't say 'Ich filtere meine Hände'. Another potential confusion arises with the figurative use. While 'filtern' is great for sifting through data, using it for personal opinions or emotions might sound a bit too technical or impersonal. In such cases, verbs like 'wählen' (to choose), 'auswählen' (to select), or 'sortieren' (to sort) might be more fitting depending on the nuance.
- Confusing with 'reinigen' or 'waschen'
- 'Filtern' specifically implies passing through a barrier. 'Reinigen' is a broader term for making something clean, and 'waschen' is for washing with water. Example: You filter coffee grounds, but you wash your hands.
- Overuse in Figurative Language
- While useful for data, avoid using 'filtern' for nuanced human interactions. For selecting people or ideas, 'auswählen' or 'wählen' might be better. Example: Saying 'Ich filtere meine Freunde' sounds odd; 'Ich wähle meine Freunde' is more natural.
- Incorrect Preposition Use
- While not always necessary, if you specify what something is filtered *through*, ensure correct preposition use (often 'durch').
Mistake: Ich filtere meine Kleidung, um sie sauber zu machen. (Incorrect)
Correct: Ich wasche meine Kleidung, um sie sauber zu machen.
While 'filtern' is a direct translation for 'to filter', several other German words can be used depending on the specific nuance and context. 'Sieben' is used for physically sifting dry materials, like flour or sand, through a sieve. It's a more specific type of physical filtering. 'Aussortieren' means to sort out or weed out, often used when selecting items from a larger group, similar to a figurative filtering of options. 'Auswählen' is a broader term for 'to select' or 'to choose', which can sometimes overlap with the figurative meaning of 'filtern' when choosing specific information or items. 'Abscheiden' means to separate or precipitate, often used in a chemical or technical context for separating substances. 'Reinigen' means 'to clean' in a general sense and can be a consequence of filtering, but it's not the filtering action itself. 'Prüfen' means 'to check' or 'to examine', which might be a step before or after filtering information.
- Sieben (to sieve)
- Used for dry, granular materials. Example: 'Das Mehl muss gesiebt werden.' (The flour must be sieved.)
- Aussortieren (to sort out, to weed out)
- Implies removing unwanted items from a group. Example: 'Ich muss die alten Briefe aussortieren.' (I have to sort out the old letters.)
- Auswählen (to select, to choose)
- A general term for making a choice from options. Example: 'Sie wählte das schönste Kleid aus.' (She selected the most beautiful dress.)
- Reinigen (to clean)
- A broader term for making something clean; filtering can be a method of cleaning. Example: 'Wir müssen die Luft reinigen.' (We must clean the air.)
Comparison: 'Filtern' (pass through a filter) vs. 'Sieben' (sift dry material). You filter coffee, but you sieve flour.
Comparison: 'Filtern' (selectively process) vs. 'Auswählen' (general selection). 'Filtern' implies a process of removal/purification, while 'auswählen' is simply choosing.
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The concept of filtering dates back to ancient times, with evidence of water purification techniques using sand and charcoal found in archaeological sites. The word itself, however, gained prominence with the development of more sophisticated filtration technologies.
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing the 'i' as long (like in 'file').
- Adding an extra syllable or misplacing the stress.
- Not clearly pronouncing the final 'n'.
難易度
At A2, reading 'filtern' is manageable in simple sentences. Complexity increases with figurative use and technical contexts, making it a moderate challenge for B1/B2 learners. Advanced texts might require deeper comprehension of abstract concepts.
A2 learners can use 'filtern' in basic sentences. Producing accurate sentences in B1 requires understanding of tenses and figurative meanings. C1/C2 writers need to master nuanced usage and collocations.
Pronunciation is straightforward. A2 learners can use it in simple phrases. Fluency in figurative contexts requires B1+ practice. Native-like usage is C1/C2.
The pronunciation is clear, making it easy to recognize in spoken German at A2. Understanding figurative use in faster speech or complex sentences might be challenging for lower levels.
次に学ぶべきこと
前提知識
次に学ぶ
上級
知っておくべき文法
Conjugation of regular verbs in the present tense.
ich filtere, du filterst, er/sie/es filtert, wir filtern, ihr filtert, sie filtern.
Formation of the Perfect Tense (Perfekt) with 'haben'.
Ich habe das Wasser gefiltert.
Use of modal verbs with infinitive.
Ich kann das Wasser filtern.
Formation of passive voice with 'werden'.
Das Wasser wird gefiltert.
Infinitive clauses with 'zu'.
Es ist wichtig, die Informationen zu filtern.
レベル別の例文
Wir müssen das Wasser filtern.
We must filter the water.
Present tense of 'filtern' (wir filtern).
Der Luftfilter filtert die schlechte Luft.
The air filter filters the bad air.
Third person singular present tense ('er/sie/es filtert').
Kannst du den Kaffee filtern?
Can you filter the coffee?
Modal verb 'können' with infinitive 'filtern'.
Ich filtere die E-Mails.
I filter the emails.
First person singular present tense ('ich filtere').
Das Gerät filtert Staub.
The device filters dust.
Third person singular present tense ('er/sie/es filtert').
Bitte filtern Sie die Ergebnisse.
Please filter the results.
Formal imperative ('filtern Sie').
Sie filtert das Wasser mit einem Tuch.
She filters the water with a cloth.
Third person singular present tense ('sie filtert').
Wir filtern die Suppe.
We filter the soup.
First person plural present tense ('wir filtern').
Die Software ermöglicht es, Nachrichten nach Schlüsselwörtern zu filtern.
The software allows filtering news by keywords.
Figurative use, infinitive with 'zu'.
Wir haben die Bewerbungen gefiltert und nur die besten ausgewählt.
We filtered the applications and selected only the best.
Perfect tense (Perfekt) with 'haben'.
Um ein klares Bild zu bekommen, muss man die Informationen sorgfältig filtern.
To get a clear picture, one must carefully filter the information.
Modal verb 'müssen' with infinitive 'filtern'.
Der neue Algorithmus filtert irrelevante Daten heraus.
The new algorithm filters out irrelevant data.
Separable prefix verb 'herausfiltern' (though 'filtern' alone is common).
Man kann die Suchergebnisse nach Preis und Marke filtern.
One can filter search results by price and brand.
Impersonal pronoun 'man' with modal verb 'kann'.
Das Restaurant filtert sein Speiseöl, um es wiederzuverwenden.
The restaurant filters its cooking oil to reuse it.
Present tense, specific context.
Die Kinder lernten, wie man Sand durch ein Sieb filtert.
The children learned how to filter sand through a sieve.
Past tense (Präteritum) of 'lernen' and infinitive with 'zu'.
Es ist wichtig, die Informationen, die man online findet, zu filtern.
It is important to filter the information one finds online.
Infinitive with 'zu' in a subordinate clause.
Die Behörden filtern Anträge auf Subventionen nach bestimmten Kriterien.
The authorities filter applications for subsidies according to specific criteria.
Formal context, figurative use.
Durch die ständige Informationsflut ist es unerlässlich, die Relevanz zu filtern.
Due to the constant flood of information, it is essential to filter relevance.
Abstract noun as object, emphasis on necessity.
Er hat seine Social-Media-Feeds so gefiltert, dass er nur noch positive Nachrichten sieht.
He has filtered his social media feeds so that he only sees positive news.
Perfect tense, specific social media context.
Die neue Technologie erlaubt es, Geräusche im Hintergrund präzise zu filtern.
The new technology allows precise filtering of background noise.
Technical context, infinitive with 'zu'.
Um die Aussagekraft der Studie zu erhöhen, wurde das Sample sorgfältig gefiltert.
To increase the significance of the study, the sample was carefully filtered.
Passive voice (wurde gefiltert).
Sie musste den Markt nach potenziellen Kunden filtern, bevor sie ihre Kampagne startete.
She had to filter the market for potential customers before starting her campaign.
Past tense (Präteritum), market analysis context.
Das System filtert automatisch betrügerische Transaktionen.
The system automatically filters fraudulent transactions.
Present tense, cybersecurity context.
Es ist ratsam, die eigenen Vorurteile zu filtern, bevor man sich eine Meinung bildet.
It is advisable to filter one's own prejudices before forming an opinion.
Figurative, advice context.
Die Interpretation historischer Quellen erfordert ein kritisches Filtern von Propaganda und Fiktion.
The interpretation of historical sources requires a critical filtering of propaganda and fiction.
Noun form 'Filtern', abstract and academic context.
Sein literarischer Stil zeichnet sich durch ein subtiles Filtern von Alltagssprache aus.
His literary style is characterized by a subtle filtering of everyday language.
Figurative, artistic/literary context.
Die Entscheidungsfindung in komplexen Systemen involviert oft ein iteratives Filtern von Optionen.
Decision-making in complex systems often involves an iterative filtering of options.
Technical/academic jargon, noun form 'Filtern'.
Die psychologische Verarbeitung von Traumata kann als ein Mechanismus verstanden werden, der belastende Erinnerungen filtert.
The psychological processing of trauma can be understood as a mechanism that filters distressing memories.
Psychological context, figurative use.
Die Kunst des Journalismus liegt im Filtern von Fakten und deren objektiver Darstellung.
The art of journalism lies in filtering facts and their objective presentation.
Abstract concept, professional context.
Ein übermäßiges Filtern von Informationen kann zu einer Echokammer führen.
Excessive filtering of information can lead to an echo chamber.
Societal/media context, noun form 'Filtern'.
Die genetische Forschung nutzt hochentwickelte Algorithmen, um spezifische Sequenzen zu filtern.
Genetic research uses highly developed algorithms to filter specific sequences.
Scientific context, advanced technology.
Das Verständnis für kulturelle Nuancen erfordert ein feinfühliges Filtern von Verhaltensweisen und Bedeutungen.
Understanding cultural nuances requires a sensitive filtering of behaviors and meanings.
Cultural studies context, abstract.
Die semantische Analyse von Texten offenbart oft ein komplexes Zusammenspiel von expliziten und impliziten Bedeutungen, die mittels linguistischer Filterprozesse herausgearbeitet werden.
Semantic analysis of texts often reveals a complex interplay of explicit and implicit meanings, which are elucidated through linguistic filtering processes.
Highly academic, noun form 'Filterprozesse'.
In der Quantenphysik werden bestimmte Phänomene durch die Auswahl geeigneter Messapparaturen und deren Filtercharakteristika isoliert und analysiert.
In quantum physics, certain phenomena are isolated and analyzed through the selection of suitable measuring apparatuses and their filter characteristics.
Specialized scientific terminology.
Die diskursive Konstruktion von Realität impliziert stets ein selektives Filtern und Arrangieren von Informationen, um bestimmte Narrative zu etablieren.
The discursive construction of reality always implies a selective filtering and arrangement of information to establish certain narratives.
Philosophical/sociological context, noun form 'Filtern'.
Die Ästhetik des Minimalismus beruht auf dem radikalen Filtern aller überflüssigen Elemente, um die Essenz hervorzuheben.
The aesthetic of minimalism relies on the radical filtering of all superfluous elements to highlight the essence.
Art theory context, noun form 'Filtern'.
Die epistemologische Herausforderung besteht darin, zwischen legitimen Erkenntnisquellen und manipulativen Informationsfiltern zu unterscheiden.
The epistemological challenge lies in distinguishing between legitimate sources of knowledge and manipulative information filters.
Epistemology, noun form 'Informationsfiltern'.
Die Interpretation von Kunstwerken erfordert oft ein Dekonstruieren der Filter, die der Künstler oder die Gesellschaft dem Betrachter auferlegt hat.
The interpretation of artworks often requires a deconstruction of the filters that the artist or society has imposed on the viewer.
Art criticism, noun form 'Filter'.
Die Evolution hat Organismen mit komplexen physiologischen Filtern ausgestattet, um schädliche Umwelteinflüsse abzuwehren.
Evolution has equipped organisms with complex physiological filters to ward off harmful environmental influences.
Biology/evolutionary context, noun form 'Filtern'.
Die Analyse von Datenmustern in der Astrophysik nutzt hochentwickelte Techniken, um kosmische Signale von Hintergrundrauschen zu filtern.
The analysis of data patterns in astrophysics uses highly advanced techniques to filter cosmic signals from background noise.
Advanced scientific context, abstract noun form 'Filtern'.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— To filter the water. This refers to making water safe or pleasant to drink by removing impurities.
Wir kaufen keinen teuren Wasserfilter, sondern filtern das Wasser mit einem einfachen Gerät.
— To filter emails. This usually means sorting out spam, or organizing incoming messages based on sender or content.
Ich habe Regeln eingerichtet, um meine E-Mails automatisch zu filtern.
— To filter the results. Commonly used when searching online or in databases to narrow down the options.
Auf der Webseite kann man die Produkte nach Preis filtern.
— To filter according to specific criteria. This is a common phrase used in both literal and figurative contexts.
Wir müssen die Daten nach demografischen Merkmalen filtern.
— To filter something out. This implies removing or separating something unwanted.
Der neue Algorithmus filtert unerwünschte Inhalte heraus.
— To filter information. This refers to the process of selecting relevant information and discarding irrelevant or false information.
In der heutigen Zeit ist es wichtig, wie man Informationen filtert.
— To filter out noise. Often used with headphones or audio equipment.
Diese neuen Kopfhörer können Straßengeräusche sehr gut filtern.
— To filter the market. Used in a business context to identify specific segments or opportunities.
Das Unternehmen filtert den Markt nach Nischenprodukten.
— To filter applicants. In a hiring process, this means selecting the most suitable candidates from a pool.
Der Personalchef filtert die Bewerber, bevor er sie zum Interview einlädt.
— To filter the soup. This is a culinary term for straining the soup to remove solids and make it clear.
Um eine klare Brühe zu erhalten, muss man sie gut filtern.
よく混同される語
'Sieben' is specifically for sifting dry, granular materials through a sieve (like flour). 'Filtern' is broader and can involve liquids or air passing through a permeable material or a digital process.
'Aussortieren' means to sort out or weed out items from a group, often implying selection or discarding. 'Filtern' is more about the process of passing through a medium or a systematic reduction.
'Reinigen' means to clean in general. Filtering is often a method of cleaning, but 'reinigen' itself doesn't imply passing through a filter.
間違えやすい
Both involve separation.
'Sieben' is used for dry, granular substances like flour or sand passed through a sieve. 'Filtern' is more general and can apply to liquids (water, coffee), air, or even digital information passing through a permeable material or a process.
Man siebt Mehl, aber man filtert Wasser.
Both involve selecting or removing items.
'Aussortieren' means to sort out or remove unwanted items from a collection. 'Filtern' implies a process of passing through a medium or a systematic reduction based on criteria. You might aussortieren old books, but you filter search results.
Ich sortiere meine Kleidung aus, aber ich filtere meine E-Mails.
Filtering often leads to cleaning.
'Reinigen' is a general term for making something clean. 'Filtern' is a specific method of purification or separation. A water filter *cleans* the water by *filtering* it.
Der Filter reinigt das Wasser.
Both involve straining liquids from solids.
'Abseihen' is specifically used in cooking to strain liquids from solids, like pasta from water or tea leaves from tea. 'Filtern' is broader and can be used for liquids, air, or information.
Man seift Nudeln ab, aber man filtert Kaffee.
Figurative filtering involves selection.
'Auswählen' means to select or choose from a set of options. 'Filtern' implies a process of sifting or reducing based on criteria, often to remove unwanted elements. You can 'auswählen' a dress, but you 'filtern' search results to find dresses that match your criteria.
Ich wähle ein Buch aus dem Regal, aber ich filtere die Suchergebnisse, um Bücher zu finden, die mich interessieren.
文型パターン
Subject + filtern + Object.
Ich filtere das Wasser.
Subject + können + Object + filtern.
Wir können den Kaffee filtern.
Imperative (du) + Object + filtern!
Filter das Wasser!
Subject + haben + Object + gefiltert.
Sie hat die E-Mails gefiltert.
Subject + müssen + Object + filtern.
Man muss die Informationen filtern.
Object + werden + gefiltert.
Die Luft wird gefiltert.
Subject + Präteritum + Object.
Er filterte die Daten.
Es ist wichtig, + Object + zu filtern.
Es ist wichtig, die Nachrichten zu filtern.
語族
名詞
動詞
関連
使い方
Very High
-
Using 'filtern' for general cleaning.
→
Using 'reinigen' or 'waschen'.
'Filtern' specifically implies passing through a filter. If you are simply washing your hands or cleaning a room without a filter, 'reinigen' or 'waschen' is more appropriate. Example: You filter coffee, but you wash your hands.
-
Confusing 'filtern' with 'sieben' for dry materials.
→
Using 'sieben' for dry materials and 'filtern' for liquids/air/data.
'Sieben' is for sifting dry, granular things like flour. 'Filtern' is for liquids, air, or information. Example: You sieve flour ('Mehl sieben'), but you filter water ('Wasser filtern').
-
Overusing 'filtern' in figurative contexts where 'auswählen' or 'aussortieren' might be better.
→
Using 'auswählen' for general selection and 'aussortieren' for weeding out.
While 'filtern' can mean to select, it often implies a process of reduction or purification. For simple selection, 'auswählen' is better. For removing unwanted items from a group, 'aussortieren' is more precise. Example: You 'auswählen' a dress, but you 'filtern' search results.
-
Incorrect conjugation or tense usage.
→
Correct conjugation and tense formation.
As a regular verb, 'filtern' conjugates predictably in the present tense (ich filtere, du filterst). Ensure correct formation of past tenses (gefiltert, filterte) and infinitive clauses (zu filtern).
-
Not specifying the object of filtering.
→
Clearly stating what is being filtered.
While context can sometimes imply the object, it's generally clearer to state what is being filtered. Example: Instead of just 'Ich filtere.', say 'Ich filtere das Wasser.' or 'Ich filtere meine E-Mails.'
ヒント
Regular Verb Conjugation
Remember that 'filtern' is a regular verb. Practice its present tense conjugation: ich filtere, du filterst, er/sie/es filtert, wir filtern, ihr filtert, sie filtern. This will help you use it confidently in sentences.
Literal vs. Figurative
Distinguish between the literal meaning (physical filtering of water, coffee) and the figurative meaning (filtering information, emails). The context will usually make it clear which is intended.
Common Collocations
Learn common phrases like 'Wasser filtern', 'E-Mails filtern', and 'Ergebnisse filtern'. Knowing these will make it easier to use the verb naturally in conversation and writing.
Stress and Sounds
The stress is on the first syllable ('FIL-tern'). The sounds are quite straightforward, similar to English 'filter'. Focus on pronouncing the short 'i' and the final 'n' clearly.
Everyday Situations
Think about where you encounter filtering in your daily life: making coffee, purifying water, organizing your digital inbox, or searching online. These real-life connections make the word more memorable.
Visual Aids
Create a mental image: a coffee filter with coffee dripping through, or a computer screen showing filtered search results. Visual associations can significantly aid memory retention.
Sentence Building
Try to create your own sentences using 'filtern' in both literal and figurative contexts. Start simple and gradually increase the complexity.
Distinguishing from Similar Words
Understand the differences between 'filtern', 'sieben', 'aussortieren', and 'reinigen'. Knowing when to use each word precisely is key to advanced vocabulary use.
Figurative Use in Discussion
When discussing technology, media, or data analysis, use 'filtern' to describe processes of selection, reduction, or purification of information. For example, 'Wir müssen die Informationen filtern, um die wichtigsten Punkte zu finden.'
Regular Review
Periodically review the meaning, conjugation, and common uses of 'filtern'. Consistent practice will ensure it becomes a natural part of your German vocabulary.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Imagine a 'Fill-turn' machine. You put something in, and it 'turns' it, 'filling' the output with only the good stuff. The 'fill-turn' sounds like 'filter'. So, a 'Fill-turn' machine helps you 'filtern'.
視覚的連想
Picture a coffee filter cone with coffee grounds inside, and clean coffee dripping into a mug below. The coffee grounds are being 'filtered' out.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to describe three different things you filtered today, using the word 'filtern' in German for each. For example, 'Ich habe meinen Kaffee gefiltert.' or 'Ich habe meine E-Mails gefiltert.'
語源
The word 'filtern' originates from the noun 'Filter', which entered German from Middle Dutch 'filtere' or Old French 'filtre'. This, in turn, likely derives from the Latin word 'filtrum', meaning 'felt' or 'filter'. Felt was one of the earliest materials used for filtering.
元の意味： The original sense of 'filtrum' referred to a felt cap or a piece of felt used for straining or filtering liquids.
Indo-European (Latin -> French/Dutch -> German)文化的な背景
The word 'filtern' itself is neutral. However, the *act* of filtering can have sensitive implications, particularly in contexts like filtering information (potential for censorship or bias), or filtering people (discrimination). When discussing these sensitive topics, it's important to be aware of the potential for negative connotations.
In English-speaking countries, 'filter' is also used literally (water, coffee) and figuratively (social media feeds, search results, opinions). The core concepts are identical, reflecting a shared modern technological and informational landscape.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Home and Kitchen
- Das Wasser filtern
- Den Kaffee filtern
- Die Suppe filtern
Technology and Internet
- E-Mails filtern
- Ergebnisse filtern
- Daten filtern
Health and Environment
- Die Luft filtern
- Schadstoffe filtern
- Geräusche filtern
Professional Settings
- Bewerbungen filtern
- Anträge filtern
- Markt filtern
Abstract Concepts
- Informationen filtern
- Meinungen filtern
- Kritisch filtern
会話のきっかけ
"Welche Dinge filterst du in deinem Alltag?"
"Wie wichtig ist es dir, Informationen online zu filtern?"
"Nutzt du spezielle Filter für deine E-Mails oder soziale Medien?"
"Hast du zu Hause einen Wasserfilter? Warum oder warum nicht?"
"Welche Art von Geräuschen filterst du am liebsten mit Kopfhörern?"
日記のテーマ
Beschreibe einen Prozess, bei dem du etwas filtern musstest (buchstäblich oder übertragen).
Denke über die Informationen nach, die du täglich erhältst. Wie filterst du sie?
Was würdest du gerne aus deinem Leben filtern, wenn du könntest?
Wie wichtig ist es, kritisch zu filtern, was man in den Nachrichten oder sozialen Medien sieht?
Erkläre den Unterschied zwischen 'filtern' und 'reinigen' anhand eines Beispiels.
よくある質問
10 問The literal meaning of 'filtern' is to pass something through a filter to remove impurities or separate components. Common examples include filtering water, air, or coffee. Think of it as a physical process of straining or purifying.
Figuratively, 'filtern' means to sift through, screen, or select information, data, or options based on specific criteria. For instance, you can filter emails to remove spam, filter search results to find relevant items, or filter applications to select candidates.
'Filtern' is a regular verb in German. Its conjugation follows the standard pattern: ich filtere, du filterst, er/sie/es filtert, wir filtern, ihr filtert, sie filtern. Its past participle is 'gefiltert'.
Yes, for example, 'Ich kann die Ergebnisse nach Datum filtern.' (I can filter the results by date.) Modal verbs like 'können', 'müssen', 'wollen', etc., are followed by the infinitive 'filtern' at the end of the sentence.
'Sieben' is used specifically for sifting dry, granular materials like flour or sand through a sieve. 'Filtern' is a broader term that can apply to liquids (water, coffee), air, or even digital information, and it involves passing through a permeable material or a systematic process.
The perfect tense (Perfekt) is formed with the auxiliary verb 'haben' and the past participle 'gefiltert'. For example: 'Wir haben das Wasser gefiltert.' (We filtered the water.) The simple past (Präteritum) is 'filterte': 'Er filterte die Daten.' (He filtered the data.)
'Reinigen' means to clean in a general sense. 'Filtern' is a specific method of purification or separation that involves passing something through a filter. You might filter water to clean it, but 'reinigen' is the broader goal, while 'filtern' is the action.
Yes, common separable prefix verbs include 'herausfiltern' (to filter out) and 'durchfiltern' (to filter through). For example: 'Der Algorithmus filtert unerwünschte Inhalte heraus.' (The algorithm filters out unwanted content.)
Absolutely. 'Filtern' is very common in technical and scientific contexts, such as filtering data, signals, or particles. For example: 'Die Software filtert die Daten nach bestimmten Mustern.' (The software filters the data according to specific patterns.)
Common related nouns are 'der Filter' (the filter), 'das Filtern' (the process of filtering), and 'die Filterung' (filtration, often in technical contexts).
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Summary
The German verb 'filtern' means 'to filter'. It applies literally to physical processes like filtering water or coffee, and figuratively to sifting through information, emails, or search results. It's a regular verb, conjugated like 'ich filtere', 'du filterst', etc. Pay attention to whether the context is literal or figurative to use it correctly.
- To filter: pass through a filter (literal), sift/select information (figurative).
- Literal: water, coffee, air. Figurative: emails, search results, data.
- Regular verb: ich filtere, du filterst, er filtert, wir filtern, ihr filtert, sie filtern.
- Use context: what is being filtered and how.
Regular Verb Conjugation
Remember that 'filtern' is a regular verb. Practice its present tense conjugation: ich filtere, du filterst, er/sie/es filtert, wir filtern, ihr filtert, sie filtern. This will help you use it confidently in sentences.
Literal vs. Figurative
Distinguish between the literal meaning (physical filtering of water, coffee) and the figurative meaning (filtering information, emails). The context will usually make it clear which is intended.
Common Collocations
Learn common phrases like 'Wasser filtern', 'E-Mails filtern', and 'Ergebnisse filtern'. Knowing these will make it easier to use the verb naturally in conversation and writing.
Stress and Sounds
The stress is on the first syllable ('FIL-tern'). The sounds are quite straightforward, similar to English 'filter'. Focus on pronouncing the short 'i' and the final 'n' clearly.
例文
Man muss das Wasser filtern, bevor man es trinkt.
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