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B1 verb #5,000 よく出る 12分で読める

urlauben

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解説 urlauben in your Level:
At the A1 level, learners are just beginning to grasp basic vocabulary. The concept of 'urlauben' is likely too advanced for this stage. A1 learners would focus on simple greetings, personal information, and basic objects. Understanding 'Urlaub' as a noun might be possible, but using the verb 'urlauben' would be beyond their scope. They might learn 'Ich bin im Urlaub' (I am on holiday) as a fixed phrase, but not conjugate the verb.
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A2 learners can understand sentences and frequently used expressions related to areas of most immediate relevance (e.g., very basic personal and family information, shopping, local geography, employment). They might start to recognize the noun 'Urlaub' and understand simple phrases like 'Ich mache Urlaub.' Using the verb 'urlauben' in its basic present tense form might be introduced, especially in the context of simple future plans, but complex conjugations or past tenses would be challenging.
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B1 learners can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters regularly encountered in work, school, leisure, etc. They can deal with most situations likely to arise whilst travelling in an area where the language is spoken. 'Urlauben' fits perfectly at this level. Learners can understand and use it in simple sentences, discuss future plans, and begin to form the past tense. They can grasp the nuances of using it in everyday conversations about holidays.
B2 learners can understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics, including technical discussions in their field of specialisation. They can interact with a degree of fluency and spontaneity that makes regular interaction with native speakers quite possible without strain for either party. At B2, learners will be very comfortable using 'urlauben' and will understand its various applications, including its use in more complex sentence structures and potentially in more nuanced discussions about travel and leisure.
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C1 learners can understand a wide range of demanding, longer texts, and recognise implicit meaning. They can express themselves fluently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions. 'Urlauben' would be fully integrated into their vocabulary. They might use it in more sophisticated sentence constructions, understand idiomatic uses, and potentially discuss the cultural significance of holidays and 'urlauben' in German society.
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C2 learners can understand with ease virtually everything heard or read. They can summarise information from different spoken and written sources, reconstructing arguments and accounts in a coherent presentation. At C2, 'urlauben' is a basic verb, and learners would have mastered its usage completely. They would likely be able to discuss the etymology of the word, its cultural connotations, and use it in highly nuanced and precise ways, perhaps even in literary contexts.
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urlauben 30秒で

  • Urlauben is a German verb meaning to be on holiday or to vacation.
  • It describes the act of taking time off for rest, leisure, or travel.
  • Commonly used in present and perfect tenses to discuss past or future holidays.
  • Alternatives include 'Urlaub machen' and 'Ferien haben'.

Understanding "urlauben"

The German verb 'urlauben' is a direct and common way to express the action of being on holiday or taking a vacation. It signifies a period of rest, leisure, or travel away from one's usual work or daily routine. While English speakers might use phrases like 'to go on holiday,' 'to take a vacation,' or simply 'to be on holiday,' 'urlauben' encapsulates this concept neatly in German. It's a versatile verb used in both everyday conversations and more formal contexts when discussing planned or past periods of time off.

Core Meaning
To spend time on vacation or holiday.
Usage Context
Frequently used when discussing personal plans for time off, past holidays, or general periods of vacation.
Synonymous Concepts
Taking a break, resting, traveling for leisure.

Wir werden diesen Sommer in Italien urlauben.

We will be on holiday in Italy this summer.

The word originates from 'Urlaub,' which itself means 'holiday' or 'leave.' The verb form 'urlauben' makes it an active verb, describing the act of taking that leave. Germans are known for their appreciation of well-deserved breaks, and 'urlauben' is a fundamental part of discussing these periods of respite. Whether it's a short long weekend or an extended summer trip, the verb fits perfectly. It's often used with prepositions like 'in' (in) or 'an' (at/on) to specify the location or duration of the holiday.

Letztes Jahr haben wir in den Bergen geurlaubt.

Last year we vacationed in the mountains.

Understanding 'urlauben' is crucial for comprehending discussions about travel plans, weekend getaways, and annual leave. It's a straightforward verb that directly conveys the idea of taking a break from work and engaging in activities that promote relaxation and enjoyment. When you hear someone talking about their 'Urlaub,' they are likely using 'urlauben' in some form to describe what they did or will do during that time. The concept of 'Urlaub' is deeply ingrained in German culture, often planned well in advance, and 'urlauben' is the verb that brings these plans to life.

Ich muss bald Urlaub nehmen, um zu urlauben.

I have to take leave soon in order to vacation.

The verb is conjugated like regular German verbs, making it relatively easy to use once you grasp its core meaning. The simple present tense often describes future intentions when context is clear, while the perfect tense is used for completed actions. The cultural significance of 'Urlaub' in Germany cannot be overstated; it's a cherished period for recharging and experiencing new things, and 'urlauben' is the verbal expression of this important cultural practice.

Cultural Significance
In Germany, taking vacation time ('Urlaub') is highly valued and often planned extensively. It's seen as essential for well-being and productivity.
Common Usage
You'll hear 'urlauben' in discussions about travel plans, booking accommodations, and recounting past holiday experiences.

Constructing Sentences with "urlauben"

Using 'urlauben' effectively in sentences involves understanding its conjugation and common sentence structures. As a regular verb, its conjugation follows predictable patterns. The most common tenses you'll encounter are the present tense, used for immediate future plans or general statements about vacationing, and the perfect tense (using 'haben' as the auxiliary verb and the past participle 'geurlaubt') for describing past vacations.

Present Tense Usage
Often used for future plans when the context is clear. For example, 'Ich urlaube bald' means 'I am going on holiday soon.'
Perfect Tense Usage
Essential for discussing past vacations. 'Wir haben letzten Sommer in Spanien geurlaubt.' (We vacationed in Spain last summer.)

Dieses Jahr urlauben wir nicht, wir sparen Geld.

This year we are not vacationing, we are saving money.

When forming sentences, consider the typical word order in German. For simple statements, the verb usually comes in the second position. In questions, the verb might move to the first position. The object or adverbial phrases indicating where, when, or how long you are vacationing will follow.

Sie haben zwei Wochen auf Mallorca geurlaubt.

They vacationed for two weeks in Mallorca.

Common sentence patterns include:

Subject + Verb + Time/Place
Er urlaubt im Sommer am Meer. (He vacations in the summer by the sea.)
Subject + Auxiliary Verb + Time/Place + Past Participle
Wir haben letztes Jahr in Österreich geurlaubt. (We vacationed in Austria last year.)
Question + Verb + Subject + ...
Wann urlauben Sie? (When are you vacationing?)

Wenn ich die Möglichkeit hätte, würde ich jetzt sofort urlauben.

If I had the opportunity, I would go on holiday right now.

Remember to match the verb ending to the subject pronoun. The infinitive 'urlauben' is used with modal verbs like 'können' (can) or 'müssen' (must). For instance, 'Ich kann morgen urlauben' (I can go on holiday tomorrow). The past participle 'geurlaubt' is crucial for the perfect tense, so practice forming it correctly. The verb is transitive in the sense that it often takes objects or adverbials specifying the duration or location of the holiday, but it doesn't take a direct accusative object of the action itself.

Wir hoffen, dass wir bald wieder urlauben können.

We hope that we can go on holiday again soon.

Real-World Usage of "urlauben"

The verb 'urlauben' is a staple in everyday German conversations, particularly when discussing personal time off and travel. You'll frequently encounter it in informal settings among friends, family, and colleagues. It's a natural part of planning and reminiscing about holidays.

Casual Conversations
'Wohin urlaubst du dieses Jahr?' (Where are you vacationing this year?) is a common question among friends planning their summer breaks.
Workplace Discussions
Colleagues might discuss their upcoming leave: 'Ich urlaube im August für drei Wochen.' (I am vacationing in August for three weeks.)
Travel Agencies and Booking
While more formal language might be used in official brochures, the concept of 'urlauben' is the underlying theme for travel services.
Media and Advertising
Advertisements for holiday destinations or travel deals often implicitly or explicitly refer to the act of 'urlauben'.

Wir haben uns entschieden, dieses Jahr nicht zu urlauben, sondern zu Hause zu bleiben.

We decided not to vacation this year, but to stay home.

You'll hear this verb in various contexts related to leisure and time off. Imagine a conversation at a Stammtisch (regular's table) where people are sharing their holiday plans. Someone might say, 'Ich war letztes Jahr in Griechenland geurlaubt und es war wunderbar!' (I vacationed in Greece last year and it was wonderful!). Or, when discussing future plans, 'Wir überlegen, ob wir im Herbst in den Bergen urlauben sollen.' (We are considering whether we should vacation in the mountains in the autumn.)

Nächstes Jahr möchte ich unbedingt in einem warmen Land urlauben.

Next year I definitely want to vacation in a warm country.

Even in more formal announcements, like a company newsletter about employee holidays, the concept is present, even if the verb itself isn't always used. However, in direct communication, 'urlauben' is very common. Think about booking a hotel: the receptionist might ask, 'Wann möchten Sie urlauben?' (When would you like to vacation?). Or when returning to work after a break, a colleague might ask, 'Wo hast du geurlaubt?' (Where did you vacation?).

Sie haben entschieden, dieses Jahr nicht weit weg zu fahren, sondern in der Nähe zu urlauben.

They decided not to travel far this year, but to vacation nearby.

The verb is also common in written communication, such as emails between friends planning a trip or in online travel forums where people share their experiences. It's a fundamental verb for anyone wanting to discuss their leisure time in German.

Avoiding Pitfalls with "urlauben"

While 'urlauben' is a straightforward verb, learners can sometimes make mistakes, often related to conjugation, tense usage, or confusion with similar-sounding words. Being aware of these common errors can significantly improve your accuracy.

Incorrect Past Participle
Mistake: 'Ich habe geurlaubt.' (Correct, but sometimes learners might try to form it differently, like 'Ich habe urlaubt' or 'Ich habe urlaubet'). The correct past participle is 'geurlaubt'.
Tense Confusion
Mistake: Using the present tense for a completed past action. For example, 'Letztes Jahr ich urlaube in Spanien' instead of 'Letztes Jahr habe ich in Spanien geurlaubt.'
Misplaced Verb
Mistake: In subordinate clauses, the conjugated verb should go to the end. Forgetting this rule can lead to errors like 'Ich weiß, dass ich morgen urlaube.' (The verb 'urlaube' should be at the end of the subordinate clause: 'Ich weiß, dass ich morgen urlaubt.') - This is incorrect conjugation for 'ich'. The correct sentence is 'Ich weiß, dass ich morgen urlauben werde' or 'Ich weiß, dass ich morgen urlaube.' (if using present tense for future). If using perfect tense: 'Ich weiß, dass ich gestern geurlaubt habe.'
Using 'Urlaub' as a Verb Incorrectly
Mistake: Trying to conjugate the noun 'Urlaub' as if it were a verb. 'Urlaub' is a noun meaning 'holiday'. You can 'Urlaub machen' (make holiday), but you don't 'urlauben' as a noun.

Falsch: Letztes Jahr ich urlaubt in Italien. Richtig: Letztes Jahr habe ich in Italien geurlaubt.

Incorrect: Last year I vacationed in Italy. Correct: Last year I vacationed in Italy.

Another common issue is using the infinitive 'urlauben' when the conjugated form is needed, or vice-versa. For instance, saying 'Ich urlauben in den Ferien' is incorrect; it should be 'Ich urlaube in den Ferien' (I am vacationing during the holidays).

Falsch: Ich habe gestern geurlaubt mit meiner Familie. Richtig: Ich habe gestern mit meiner Familie geurlaubt.

Incorrect: I vacationed yesterday with my family. Correct: I vacationed yesterday with my family.

Pay close attention to the auxiliary verb used with the past participle. For 'urlauben,' it is almost always 'haben.' While some verbs of motion can use 'sein,' 'urlauben' describes the state or activity of vacationing, not the act of moving to a vacation spot, so 'haben' is the correct choice for the perfect tense.

Falsch: Wir wissen nicht, ob er urlaubt. Richtig: Wir wissen nicht, ob er urlaubt.

Incorrect: We don't know if he vacations. Correct: We don't know if he vacations. (Here, the present tense is correct for an ongoing or habitual action, or a future plan understood from context. The mistake would be in verb placement in a subordinate clause).

Finally, be mindful of using 'urlauben' when a more general term might be appropriate, or vice-versa. While 'urlauben' specifically means to be on holiday, sometimes a simple 'Pause machen' (to take a break) might suffice if the context isn't strictly a vacation. However, for dedicated time off, 'urlauben' is the precise verb.

Exploring Synonyms and Alternatives for "urlauben"

While 'urlauben' is a direct and common verb for vacationing, German offers several other ways to express similar ideas, each with slight nuances in meaning or formality. Understanding these alternatives enriches your vocabulary and allows for more precise expression.

1. Urlaub machen
Meaning: To make holiday, to take a vacation. This is a very common alternative, using the noun 'Urlaub' with the verb 'machen' (to make/do). It's perhaps slightly more colloquial than 'urlauben' but widely used.
2. Ferien haben
Meaning: To have holidays (specifically school holidays or a longer break). 'Ferien' is often used for school breaks or longer periods of time off, especially by students or teachers. Adults might use it for extended leave, but 'Urlaub' is more general.
3. Freie Zeit genießen
Meaning: To enjoy free time. This is a broader phrase that can encompass vacationing but also other forms of leisure and relaxation outside of work, not necessarily involving travel.
4. Sich erholen
Meaning: To recover, to relax, to rest. This verb focuses on the purpose of the vacation – to recuperate and gain new energy. It can be used in conjunction with 'Urlaub' or on its own.
5. Auf Reisen sein
Meaning: To be traveling. This emphasizes the act of being on a journey rather than the state of being on holiday. You can be 'auf Reisen' without necessarily being on a formal 'Urlaub'.

Statt zu urlauben, machen wir dieses Jahr nur Urlaub zu Hause.

Instead of vacationing, we are just having a staycation this year.

Here's a comparison:

Urlauben vs. Urlaub machen
'Urlauben' is the verb itself. 'Urlaub machen' uses the noun. Both are very common. 'Ich urlaube' and 'Ich mache Urlaub' mean essentially the same thing.
Urlauben vs. Ferien haben
'Urlauben' is general for adults. 'Ferien haben' is more specific to school or academic breaks, though adults might use it for longer periods of leave.
Urlauben vs. Sich erholen
'Urlauben' describes the activity of vacationing. 'Sich erholen' describes the purpose or result of vacationing – relaxation and recovery.

Wir fahren in den Urlaub, um uns dort gut zu erholen.

We are going on holiday to relax well there.

Choosing the right word depends on the specific context. If you're talking about taking your annual leave, 'urlauben' or 'Urlaub machen' are perfect. If you're describing the reason for your break, 'sich erholen' is key. If you're a student talking about summer break, 'Ferien haben' is the most appropriate.

Dieses Jahr werden wir in Deutschland urlauben, um die Natur zu genießen.

This year we will vacation in Germany to enjoy nature.

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

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ニュートラル

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カジュアル

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Child friendly

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スラング

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豆知識

The original meaning of 'Urlaub' related to 'leaves' (laub) is thought to stem from the practice of granting permission to forest dwellers to gather leaves or use forest resources during certain times of the year. This concept of 'permission to be away' or 'grant of leave' gradually shifted to encompass the modern meaning of holiday or vacation, particularly as structured time off became more common.

発音ガイド

UK /ˈuːɐ̯laʊbən/
US /ˈuːɐ̯laʊbən/
The stress falls on the first syllable: **Ur**-lau-ben.
韻が合う語
glauben kaufen laufen saufen rauben stauben Tauben Aufgaben
よくある間違い
  • Pronouncing 'au' as two separate sounds instead of a diphthong.
  • Shortening the 'u' sound.
  • Over-emphasizing the '-en' ending.

難易度

読解 3/5

At B1 level, learners can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters. 'Urlauben' is a common topic, making texts featuring it generally accessible. Complex sentence structures or specialized vocabulary might increase difficulty.

ライティング 3/5

Learners at B1 can produce simple connected text on topics which are familiar or of personal interest. Using 'urlauben' correctly in simple sentences is achievable.

スピーキング 3/5

Learners can deal with most situations likely to arise whilst travelling. Discussing holiday plans using 'urlauben' is a common speaking scenario.

リスニング 3/5

Understanding 'urlauben' in everyday conversations about holidays is expected at B1 level.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

Urlaub arbeiten Zeit Sommer Winter Jahr haben sein fahren machen

次に学ぶ

sich erholen Urlaub machen in Urlaub fahren freinehmen Ferien haben

上級

Entschleunigung Auszeit Fernweh Heimweh Reisebericht Pauschalreise

知っておくべき文法

Formation of the Perfect Tense

To form the perfect tense with 'urlauben', use the auxiliary verb 'haben' and the past participle 'geurlaubt'. Example: 'Ich habe geurlaubt.'

Using Modal Verbs with Infinitives

When using modal verbs like 'können', 'müssen', 'wollen', the infinitive 'urlauben' is placed at the end of the sentence. Example: 'Ich kann morgen urlauben.'

Subordinate Clauses

In subordinate clauses introduced by conjunctions like 'dass' (that), the conjugated verb moves to the end. Example: 'Ich weiß, dass er bald urlaubt.'

Infinitive Clauses with 'zu'

Verbs like 'planen' or 'hoffen' can be followed by 'zu' + infinitive. Example: 'Wir planen, im Herbst zu urlauben.'

Future Tense with 'werden'

To express future actions, use 'werden' + infinitive. Example: 'Sie werden nächstes Jahr urlauben.'

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レベル別の例文

1

Ich bin im Urlaub.

I am on holiday.

This is a common fixed phrase, not direct verb conjugation.

2

Urlaub!

Holiday!

A simple exclamation.

3

Ich fahre nach Hause.

I am going home.

Focuses on travel, not specifically vacationing.

4

Das ist schön.

That is nice.

General positive statement.

5

Danke.

Thank you.

Basic politeness.

6

Bitte.

Please / You're welcome.

Basic politeness.

7

Ja.

Yes.

Affirmative.

8

Nein.

No.

Negative.

1

Ich mache Urlaub im Sommer.

I am taking a holiday in the summer.

Uses the noun 'Urlaub' with 'machen'.

2

Wir fahren in den Urlaub.

We are going on holiday.

Uses the noun 'Urlaub' with 'fahren'.

3

Er ist im Urlaub.

He is on holiday.

Uses the noun 'Urlaub' with 'sein'.

4

Ich habe Urlaub.

I have holiday.

Expresses possession of holiday time.

5

Wann urlaubst du?

When are you vacationing?

Simple present tense, direct question. Might be challenging for A2.

6

Wir haben letztes Jahr Urlaub gemacht.

We took a holiday last year.

Past tense using 'Urlaub machen'.

7

Ich freue mich auf den Urlaub.

I am looking forward to the holiday.

Expressing anticipation.

8

Sie urlaubt in den Bergen.

She vacations in the mountains.

Simple present tense, introducing a location.

1

Wir werden diesen Sommer in Italien urlauben.

We will be on holiday in Italy this summer.

Future tense using 'werden' + infinitive.

2

Letztes Jahr haben wir in den Bergen geurlaubt.

Last year we vacationed in the mountains.

Perfect tense with 'haben' and past participle 'geurlaubt'.

3

Ich muss bald urlauben, um mich zu erholen.

I have to go on holiday soon to relax.

Using a modal verb 'müssen' + infinitive, and purpose clause.

4

Wo hast du geurlaubt?

Where did you vacation?

Question in perfect tense.

5

Sie urlaubt gerne am Meer.

She likes vacationing by the sea.

Present tense with adverb of preference.

6

Ich plane, im Herbst zu urlauben.

I plan to vacation in autumn.

Using 'planen' + 'zu' + infinitive.

7

Wir haben drei Wochen geurlaubt.

We vacationed for three weeks.

Perfect tense with duration.

8

Wenn ich Zeit hätte, würde ich mehr urlauben.

If I had time, I would vacation more.

Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II) for hypothetical situations.

1

Trotz der hohen Kosten haben sie beschlossen, in den Alpen zu urlauben.

Despite the high costs, they decided to vacation in the Alps.

Complex sentence with a concessive clause.

2

Nachdem sie ein Jahr lang hart gearbeitet hatten, gönnten sie sich eine ausgiebige Reise und urlaubten monatelang.

After they had worked hard for a year, they treated themselves to an extensive trip and vacationed for months.

Complex sentence with a subordinate clause ('nachdem') and duration.

3

Er musste seinen Urlaub verschieben, da er krank geworden war.

He had to postpone his vacation because he had become ill.

Using the noun 'Urlaub' and a causal subordinate clause.

4

Die Vorstellung, im Winter an einem tropischen Strand zu urlauben, ist verlockend.

The idea of vacationing on a tropical beach in winter is tempting.

Using an infinitive clause with 'zu'.

5

Sie urlaubt bevorzugt in ruhigen Regionen, abseits des Massentourismus.

She prefers to vacation in quiet regions, away from mass tourism.

Using an adverb of preference and specifying location.

6

Obwohl das Wetter nicht optimal war, haben sie die Zeit geurlaubt genossen.

Although the weather was not optimal, they enjoyed the time they vacationed.

Concessive clause ('obwohl') and adverbial use of 'geurlaubt'.

7

Die Möglichkeit, spontan zu urlauben, ist für viele ein Traum.

The possibility of vacationing spontaneously is a dream for many.

Infinitive clause as the subject.

8

Er hat sich so sehr auf seinen Urlaub gefreut, dass er kaum schlafen konnte.

He was so much looking forward to his vacation that he could hardly sleep.

Using the noun 'Urlaub' and a consequential clause.

1

Die Notwendigkeit, sich regelmäßig zu erholen, ist der Grund, warum viele Deutsche intensiv urlauben.

The necessity to regularly recover is the reason why many Germans vacation intensively.

Complex sentence with a relative clause and causal connection.

2

Man fragt sich, ob die anhaltende Reizüberflutung uns davon abhält, wirklich zu urlauben und abzuschalten.

One wonders if the continuous sensory overload prevents us from truly vacationing and switching off.

Impersonal construction ('man fragt sich') and abstract concept.

3

Die Debatte drehte sich darum, inwieweit eine Verkürzung der Arbeitszeit das Potenzial zum intensiveren Urlauben erhöht.

The debate revolved around the extent to which a reduction in working hours increases the potential for more intensive vacationing.

Abstract discussion, use of 'inwieweit'.

4

Er betonte, dass es ihm weniger ums reine 'Urlauben' ginge, als vielmehr darum, neue Perspektiven zu gewinnen.

He emphasized that for him it was less about pure 'vacationing' and more about gaining new perspectives.

Differentiating between the act of vacationing and its purpose.

5

Die strategische Planung ihres Urlaubs zielte darauf ab, sowohl Entspannung als auch kulturelle Erfahrungen zu maximieren.

The strategic planning of their vacation aimed at maximizing both relaxation and cultural experiences.

Using the noun 'Urlaub' in a sophisticated context.

6

Es ist fraglich, ob das ständige 'Online-Sein' während des Urlaubs dem eigentlichen Zweck des Urlaubs dient.

It is questionable whether the constant 'being online' during vacation serves the actual purpose of the vacation.

Critiquing modern vacation habits.

7

Die Möglichkeit, dem Alltag zu entfliehen und in eine andere Welt einzutauchen, ist das, was viele an dem Gedanken reizt, zu urlauben.

The opportunity to escape everyday life and immerse oneself in another world is what appeals to many about the thought of vacationing.

Philosophical reflection on vacation.

8

Die Frage nach der authentischen Erholung stellt sich, wenn man bedenkt, wie viele Menschen auch im Urlaub erreichbar bleiben müssen.

The question of authentic recovery arises when one considers how many people must remain reachable even on vacation.

Discussing the paradox of modern vacations.

1

Die anthropologische Betrachtung des menschlichen Bedürfnisses nach Phasen der Entschleunigung offenbart die tief verwurzelte Funktion des Urlaubs.

The anthropological examination of the human need for phases of deceleration reveals the deeply rooted function of vacation.

Academic language, exploring the fundamental need for vacation.

2

In einer globalisierten Welt, in der die Grenzen zwischen Arbeit und Freizeit verschwimmen, wird die bewusste Entscheidung, zu urlauben, zu einer Geste der Selbstbehauptung.

In a globalized world where the boundaries between work and leisure blur, the conscious decision to vacation becomes a gesture of self-assertion.

Sociological and philosophical perspective.

3

Die Semantik des Begriffs 'Urlaub' und seiner verbalen Entsprechung 'urlauben' spiegelt kulturelle Wertvorstellungen wider, die sich im Laufe der Zeit gewandelt haben.

The semantics of the term 'Urlaub' and its verbal equivalent 'urlauben' reflect cultural values that have changed over time.

Linguistic and cultural analysis.

4

Die psychologischen Implikationen des bewussten Abschaltens während des Urlaubs sind immens und reichen von Stressreduktion bis zur Steigerung der Kreativität.

The psychological implications of consciously switching off during vacation are immense, ranging from stress reduction to increased creativity.

Focus on psychological benefits.

5

Die Dekonstruktion des modernen Urlaubsverständnisses legt offen, dass das reine 'Nichtstun' oft durch einen Aktivismus der Freizeitgestaltung ersetzt wird, der dem eigentlichen Sinn des Urlaubs zuwiderläuft.

The deconstruction of the modern understanding of vacation reveals that mere 'doing nothing' is often replaced by an activism of leisure activities that runs counter to the actual meaning of vacation.

Critical analysis of modern vacation culture.

6

Die ethische Dimension des Urlaubs, insbesondere im Hinblick auf faire Arbeitsbedingungen, die seine Ermöglichung erst garantieren, darf nicht außer Acht gelassen werden.

The ethical dimension of vacation, especially regarding fair working conditions that make it possible, must not be disregarded.

Ethical considerations.

7

Die Rezeption des Konzepts 'Urlaub' in verschiedenen Kulturen zeigt eine faszinierende Bandbreite an Praktiken und Bedeutungen, die sich im Akt des Urlaubsens manifestieren.

The reception of the concept 'vacation' in different cultures shows a fascinating range of practices and meanings manifested in the act of vacationing.

Cross-cultural comparison.

8

Die Dialektik zwischen dem Wunsch nach Auszeit und der gesellschaftlichen Erwartung ständiger Verfügbarkeit prägt das moderne Verständnis und die Praxis des Urlaubs.

The dialectic between the desire for time off and the societal expectation of constant availability shapes the modern understanding and practice of vacation.

Philosophical exploration of conflicting desires.

よく使う組み合わせ

im Sommer urlauben
in den Bergen urlauben
gern urlauben
endlich urlauben
nicht urlauben
spontan urlauben
im Ausland urlauben
zu Hause urlauben
wieder urlauben

よく使うフレーズ

Ich urlaube bald.

— I am going on holiday soon. This uses the present tense to indicate a future plan.

Ich urlaube bald und freue mich schon sehr darauf.

Wir haben in Spanien geurlaubt.

— We vacationed in Spain. This uses the perfect tense to describe a past holiday.

Wir haben in Spanien geurlaubt und es war wunderbar.

Wann urlaubst du?

— When are you vacationing? A direct question about someone's holiday plans.

Wann urlaubst du dieses Jahr? Ich muss meine Reise planen.

Sie urlaubt gerne am Meer.

— She likes vacationing by the sea. Expresses a preference for a type of holiday.

Sie urlaubt gerne am Meer, weil sie das Rauschen der Wellen liebt.

Wir können nicht urlauben.

— We cannot vacation. Indicates an inability to take a holiday.

Wir können dieses Jahr nicht urlauben, weil wir kein Geld gespart haben.

Endlich urlauben!

— Finally, vacation! An expression of relief and anticipation after a period of work.

Nach Monaten harter Arbeit: Endlich urlauben!

Er urlaubt nicht, er arbeitet.

— He is not vacationing, he is working. A direct contrast between vacationing and working.

Er urlaubt nicht, er arbeitet im Büro.

Wo hast du geurlaubt?

— Where did you vacation? A common question when asking about someone's past holiday.

Wo hast du geurlaubt? Erzähl mal!

Ich plane zu urlauben.

— I plan to vacation. Using 'planen' with the infinitive.

Ich plane zu urlauben, sobald meine Prüfung vorbei ist.

Wir wollen im Herbst urlauben.

— We want to vacation in autumn. Expressing a desire for a holiday in a specific season.

Wir wollen im Herbst urlauben, wenn die Blätter fallen.

よく混同される語

urlauben vs Urlaub machen

'Urlaub machen' is a phrase that means 'to take a holiday'. 'Urlauben' is the verb form. They are very similar in meaning and usage, with 'Urlaub machen' being slightly more colloquial.

urlauben vs Ferien haben

'Ferien haben' primarily refers to school holidays or longer breaks. While it can sometimes be used by adults for extended leave, 'urlauben' is more general for adult vacations.

urlauben vs freinehmen

'Freinehmen' means 'to take time off' and is broader than 'urlauben'. One can 'freinehmen' for a doctor's appointment, while 'urlauben' specifically implies a vacation.

慣用句と表現

"Einmal im Leben urlauben."

— To vacation once in a lifetime. This idiom suggests a special, perhaps once-in-a-lifetime holiday experience.

Sie hat sich einen Traum erfüllt und ist nach Australien gereist, um einmal im Leben zu urlauben.

Figurative
"Hart urlauben."

— To vacation intensely/hard. This is a humorous or ironic idiom, suggesting someone is perhaps overdoing their vacation activities or is still thinking about work.

Er hat im Urlaub so viel gearbeitet, dass er fast 'hart geurlaubt' hat.

Irony/Humor
"Das Urlaubsgefühl überkommt mich."

— The holiday feeling comes over me. This phrase describes the sensation of starting to relax and enjoy the holiday atmosphere.

Sobald ich am Flughafen bin, überkommt mich das Urlaubsgefühl.

Descriptive
"Urlaub auf Balkonien."

— Holiday on Balconia. This refers to vacationing at home, often on one's balcony or in the local area, without traveling far.

Dieses Jahr können wir nicht verreisen, also machen wir Urlaub auf Balkonien.

Colloquial/Modern
"Den Urlaub 'verbummeln'."

— To fritter away one's holiday. This idiom suggests wasting one's vacation time doing unproductive things or not enjoying it fully.

Ich will meinen Urlaub nicht verbummeln, sondern etwas erleben.

Colloquial
"Ein bisschen im Urlaub 'sein'."

— To be a bit on holiday. This can mean mentally being on holiday even if not physically on vacation, or being in a relaxed state.

Auch wenn ich arbeite, fühle ich mich heute ein bisschen im Urlaub.

Figurative
"Den Koffer packen und urlauben."

— Pack the suitcase and go on holiday. A simple, direct phrase indicating the start of a vacation.

Schnell den Koffer packen und urlauben!

Direct
"Urlaub für die Seele."

— Holiday for the soul. This describes a vacation that is deeply restorative and rejuvenating.

Diese Reise war ein echter Urlaub für die Seele.

Figurative/Emotional
"Sich den Urlaub verdienen."

— To earn one's holiday. Implies that the holiday is a reward for hard work.

Nach diesem Projekt haben wir uns den Urlaub wirklich verdient.

Figurative
"Urlaub ist, wenn man nicht muss."

— Holiday is when you don't have to. A definition highlighting the freedom from obligation.

Für mich ist Urlaub, wenn man nicht muss.

Philosophical/Humorous

間違えやすい

urlauben vs urlauben

Similar to 'Urlaub machen'.

'Urlauben' is the direct verb form, while 'Urlaub machen' is a verb-noun construction. Both are widely used to mean 'to vacation'. 'Urlauben' is slightly more formal, but the difference is minimal in everyday speech.

Ich urlaube im August. / Ich mache im August Urlaub.

urlauben vs urlauben

Similar to 'Ferien haben'.

'Urlauben' is general for adults' vacation time. 'Ferien haben' is more specific to school breaks or academic holidays. An adult might say 'Ich urlaube', but a student would say 'Ich habe Ferien'.

Die Kinder haben Ferien. Die Erwachsenen urlauben im Sommer.

urlauben vs urlauben

Similar to 'freinehmen'.

'Freinehmen' means to take any kind of time off (e.g., for an appointment). 'Urlauben' specifically means to take a vacation for leisure or travel.

Ich nehme morgen frei, um zum Zahnarzt zu gehen. (freinehmen) / Ich urlaube im September in Italien. (urlauben)

urlauben vs urlauben

Similar to 'sich erholen'.

'Urlauben' describes the activity of taking a vacation. 'Sich erholen' describes the purpose or result of the vacation – to relax and recover.

Wir urlauben am Strand, um uns zu erholen.

urlauben vs urlauben

Similar to 'auf Reisen sein'.

'Auf Reisen sein' means 'to be traveling', emphasizing the journey. 'Urlauben' means 'to be on vacation', emphasizing the period of leisure away from work.

Er ist auf Reisen, um neue Länder kennenzulernen. Er urlaubt, um sich zu entspannen.

文型パターン

A2

Subject + machen + Urlaub + Time/Place

Ich mache Urlaub am Meer.

B1

Subject + Conjugated Verb (urlauben) + Time/Place

Wir urlauben im Juli in den Bergen.

B1

Subject + haben + ... + geurlaubt

Sie haben letztes Jahr in Spanien geurlaubt.

B1

Subject + werden + ... + urlauben

Er wird nächsten Monat urlauben.

B1

Subject + Modal Verb + ... + urlauben

Ich muss bald urlauben.

B2

..., dass + Subject + ... + Conjugated Verb

Ich hoffe, dass wir bald urlauben können.

B2

Verb + zu + urlauben

Sie plant, im Herbst zu urlauben.

C1

Complex sentence with subordinate clauses

Obwohl das Wetter schlecht war, haben sie glücklich geurlaubt.

語族

名詞

動詞

形容詞

関連

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使い方

frequency

High

よくある間違い
  • Using the infinitive 'urlauben' instead of the conjugated form. → Ich urlaube im Sommer.

    In a simple present tense sentence, the verb must be conjugated according to the subject. 'Ich urlaube' is correct for 'I vacation'.

  • Incorrect past participle formation. → Wir haben in Spanien geurlaubt.

    The past participle of 'urlauben' is 'geurlaubt'. Saying 'Wir haben geurlaubt' is correct. Avoid 'Wir haben urlaubt' or 'Wir haben urlaubet'.

  • Using the present tense for a completed past action. → Letztes Jahr haben wir in den Bergen geurlaubt.

    For completed actions in the past, the perfect tense (using 'haben' + past participle) is required, not the simple present tense.

  • Incorrect verb placement in subordinate clauses. → Ich weiß, dass er bald urlaubt.

    In subordinate clauses introduced by conjunctions like 'dass', the conjugated verb moves to the very end of the clause. The verb should be 'urlaubt' (conjugated for 'er') and at the end.

  • Using 'sein' as the auxiliary verb for the perfect tense. → Ich habe in Italien geurlaubt.

    'Urlauben' typically uses 'haben' as the auxiliary verb in the perfect tense. 'Sein' is usually reserved for verbs indicating a change of location or state.

ヒント

Conjugation is Key

Remember that 'urlauben' is a regular verb. Practice conjugating it in different tenses: present ('ich urlaube'), perfect ('ich habe geurlaubt'), and future ('ich werde urlauben'). This is essential for accurate communication.

Context Matters

Pay attention to the context when you hear or read 'urlauben'. Is it about future plans, past experiences, or general preferences? This will help you understand the nuance and choose the right form yourself.

Expand Your Holiday Lexicon

While 'urlauben' is central, learn related terms like 'Urlaub', 'Reise', 'erholen', 'Ferien', and 'Auszeit' to discuss holidays more comprehensively and express different aspects of leisure.

Sentence Structure

Be mindful of German sentence structure, especially the placement of the verb in main and subordinate clauses, and when using modal verbs. Correct placement is crucial for clarity.

Listen Actively

Listen to German speakers discussing their vacations. This will expose you to natural usage, common phrases, and the typical rhythm of conversations involving 'urlauben'.

Compare with English

Think about how you express 'vacationing' in English. Does it use a verb directly (like 'to vacation') or a noun phrase (like 'to take a holiday')? This comparison can help solidify the meaning and usage of 'urlauben'.

Use It or Lose It

Actively try to use 'urlauben' when talking or writing about your own holiday plans or past experiences. The more you use it, the more natural it will become.

Understand the Cultural Significance

Recognize that 'Urlaub' is highly valued in German culture. Understanding this context can help you appreciate why the verb 'urlauben' is used so frequently and enthusiastically.

Master Common Phrases

Learn and practice common phrases like 'Ich urlaube bald', 'Wo hast du geurlaubt?', and 'Wir haben geurlaubt'. These are building blocks for fluent conversation.

Watch Out for Common Errors

Be aware of potential pitfalls like incorrect past participle formation ('geurlaubt'), tense confusion, or misplacing the verb. Reviewing common mistakes can prevent errors.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine a person 'urging' you to take a 'laub' (leaf) and go on holiday. The 'ur-' sounds like 'urge', and 'laub' sounds like 'leaf'. So, 'Urlauben' is when you are 'urged' to take a 'leaf' and go on vacation.

視覚的連想

Picture a person lying under a large, shady tree, holding a single green leaf, looking completely relaxed. The leaf symbolizes 'laub', and the scene represents 'Urlaub' (holiday).

Word Web

Urlaub Ferien Reise Erholung Freizeit Arbeitspause Urlaubszeit Urlaubsplan Urlaub machen sich erholen

チャレンジ

Try to describe your dream vacation using the verb 'urlauben' and as many related words as possible. For example, 'Ich möchte im Sommer in den Bergen urlauben und mich dort gut erholen. Mein Urlaubsplan sieht vor, viel zu wandern und die Natur zu genießen.'

語源

The German word 'urlauben' derives from the noun 'Urlaub.' 'Urlaub' itself is a compound word. The first part, 'ur-', comes from the Old High German 'ur-' meaning 'out' or 'forth.' The second part, '-laub,' originally meant 'leaf' (as in tree leaves). In older Germanic languages, 'laub' also referred to permission or a grant, particularly concerning the right to gather leaves or use forests.

元の意味： Literally, 'leaf-taking' or 'permission to take leaves,' which evolved to mean a grant of leave or permission to be away, eventually settling on the meaning of holiday or vacation.

Germanic

文化的な背景

When discussing 'urlauben' or 'Urlaub,' be mindful that for some individuals, access to extended vacation time might be limited due to economic or personal circumstances. While it's a positive concept, it's good to be aware of potential differences in experience.

In English-speaking countries, 'vacation' and 'holiday' are common terms. While the concept of taking time off is universal, the cultural emphasis and planning around it can differ. Germans often plan 'Urlaub' with a high degree of detail and look forward to it as a significant event.

The German concept of 'Urlaub' is often cited in studies of European work-life balance. The phrase 'Urlaub auf Balkonien' has become a widely recognized cultural phenomenon in Germany. The extensive planning and high value placed on 'Urlaub' are frequently discussed in articles about German work culture.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Planning a holiday

  • Wann urlaubst du?
  • Ich plane zu urlauben.
  • Wir wollen im Sommer urlauben.
  • Wo möchtest du urlauben?

Talking about past holidays

  • Wir haben geurlaubt.
  • Wo hast du geurlaubt?
  • Ich habe letztes Jahr in Spanien geurlaubt.

Discussing work and time off

  • Ich muss bald urlauben.
  • Kann ich urlauben?
  • Er urlaubt nicht, er arbeitet.

Describing preferences

  • Sie urlaubt gerne am Meer.
  • Ich urlaube lieber in den Bergen.
  • Er urlaubt nicht gern in Städten.

Expressing desire for a holiday

  • Ich möchte urlauben.
  • Ich freue mich aufs Urlaube.
  • Endlich urlauben!

会話のきっかけ

"What are your plans for your next vacation?"

"Where did you go on your last holiday?"

"Do you prefer to vacation in the mountains or by the sea?"

"How long do you usually vacation for?"

"What's your dream holiday destination?"

日記のテーマ

Describe your ideal vacation in detail. Where would you go, what would you do, and why?

Reflect on a past vacation that was particularly memorable. What made it special?

What are your biggest motivations for taking a vacation? What do you hope to achieve?

If you could vacation anywhere in the world right now, where would it be and why?

How do you typically prepare for a vacation? What are your essential items or activities?

よくある質問

10 問

Yes, 'urlauben' is a very common and widely used verb in German. It's the direct verb form for 'to vacation' or 'to be on holiday' and is frequently heard in everyday conversations, especially when people discuss their leisure time and travel plans.

Both 'urlauben' and 'Urlaub machen' mean 'to take a holiday' or 'to vacation'. 'Urlauben' is the direct verb, while 'Urlaub machen' is a construction using the noun 'Urlaub' (holiday) and the verb 'machen' (to make/do). They are largely interchangeable in everyday use, with 'Urlaub machen' sometimes considered slightly more colloquial.

'Urlauben' is generally used by adults for their personal vacation time. 'Ferien haben' is more specifically used for school holidays or academic breaks. While adults might use 'Ferien haben' for longer periods of leave, 'urlauben' is the more common and general term for adult vacations.

The past tense (perfect tense) of 'urlauben' is formed using the auxiliary verb 'haben' and the past participle 'geurlaubt'. For example, 'Ich habe geurlaubt' (I have vacationed) or 'Wir haben letztes Jahr in Italien geurlaubt' (We vacationed in Italy last year).

While 'urlauben' is very common in everyday speech and neutral contexts, in highly formal written documents, you might encounter phrases like 'Urlaub nehmen' (to take leave) or 'Urlaub beantragen' (to apply for leave) more frequently. However, it is perfectly acceptable in formal spoken German when discussing vacation plans.

'Freinehmen' means 'to take time off' from work, which can be for various reasons, such as a doctor's appointment, a personal day, or a short break. 'Urlauben', on the other hand, specifically refers to taking a vacation for leisure, travel, or extended rest away from work duties.

Yes, the related noun is 'der Urlaub', which means 'holiday' or 'vacation'. You can 'Urlaub machen' (make holiday) or refer to 'mein Urlaub' (my holiday).

'Urlaub auf Balkonien' is a colloquial German term that refers to vacationing at home, typically on one's balcony or in the local area, without traveling far. It highlights the concept of taking a break and relaxing, even if not going on a traditional trip.

You can say 'Ich möchte urlauben' (I want to vacation), 'Ich plane zu urlauben' (I plan to vacation), or 'Ich freue mich aufs Urlaube' (I am looking forward to vacationing). You can also use the noun form: 'Ich möchte Urlaub machen.'

The most direct opposite of 'urlauben' is 'arbeiten' (to work). Other contrasting situations include 'im Büro sein' (to be in the office) or 'dienstlich unterwegs sein' (to be on a business trip).

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