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A1 noun #3,000 よく出る 11分で読める

mercado

上位3,000

練習する例文メモとヒント mercado 30秒で

解説 mercado in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'mercado' is primarily used to describe a physical place where you go to buy food. Students learn it alongside common verbs like 'ir' (to go), 'comprar' (to buy), and 'ver' (to see). The focus is on basic survival Spanish: '¿Dónde está el mercado?' (Where is the market?) or 'Voy al mercado' (I am going to the market). It is essential to learn that 'mercado' is a masculine noun, meaning it takes the article 'el' or 'un'. At this stage, the word is often associated with vocabulary for fruits, vegetables, and basic transactions. It helps learners build simple sentences about their daily routine and environment. Understanding the difference between a 'mercado' and a 'supermercado' is also a key A1 milestone, as it reflects a cultural distinction in how people shop for food in Spanish-speaking countries. Exercises at this level usually involve matching the word to a picture of a market or completing simple sentences about shopping.

At the A2 level, learners begin to expand their use of 'mercado' to describe the characteristics of the place and the actions that happen there. You might use adjectives to describe the market, such as 'el mercado es grande' (the market is big) or 'el mercado está lleno' (the market is full). Learners also start to use 'mercado' with a wider range of prepositions and in the plural form. For example, 'Hay muchos mercados en esta ciudad' (There are many markets in this city). This level also introduces the concept of different types of markets, like 'mercado de pescado' (fish market) or 'mercado de flores' (flower market). The social aspect of the market becomes a topic of conversation, such as meeting friends there or observing the local culture. Grammar focus includes using the past tense to describe a visit: 'Ayer fui al mercado y compré tomates' (Yesterday I went to the market and bought tomatoes).

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At the B1 level, the use of 'mercado' transitions from purely physical descriptions to more abstract and functional contexts. Learners use the word to discuss social and economic habits in more detail. You might talk about the importance of the market for the local economy or compare prices between different markets. This level introduces common idioms and phrases, such as 'estar en el mercado' (to be on the market/available). B1 students can handle more complex sentence structures, like 'Si tuviera más tiempo, iría al mercado todos los días' (If I had more time, I would go to the market every day). The word is also used in the context of travel and culture, where a 'mercado' is analyzed as a tourist destination or a place of historical significance. You might discuss the atmosphere (ambiente) and the variety of products (variedad de productos) found there.

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At the B2 level, 'mercado' is frequently used in professional, academic, and economic contexts. Students are expected to understand and use the word in the sense of 'the market' as an economic system. This includes terms like 'mercado de trabajo' (labor market), 'mercado de valores' (stock market), and 'leyes del mercado' (market laws). Discussions might revolve around globalization, market competition, and consumer behavior. For example, 'La empresa está buscando expandirse en el mercado latinoamericano' (The company is looking to expand in the Latin American market). B2 learners can articulate opinions on complex issues like the 'mercado negro' (black market) or the impact of supermarkets on traditional 'mercados'. The language becomes more formal and precise, with a focus on collocations like 'lanzar al mercado' (to launch into the market) or 'saturar el mercado' (to saturate the market).

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At the C1 level, 'mercado' is used with nuance and sophistication in diverse fields such as sociology, advanced economics, and literature. The word becomes a tool for analyzing societal structures. A C1 learner might discuss 'el mercado de las ideas' (the marketplace of ideas) or use the word metaphorically to describe social interactions. The focus is on subtle distinctions and advanced vocabulary. You might analyze the 'volatilidad del mercado' (market volatility) or the 'segmentación del mercado' (market segmentation). At this level, students can read and critique complex articles about market trends and economic policies. They are also familiar with regional variations and can switch between 'mercado', 'tianguis', and 'feria' depending on the cultural context of the conversation. The word is used in high-level debates about 'libre mercado' (free market) versus state-regulated economies.

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At the C2 level, 'mercado' is used with the mastery of a native speaker, encompassing all its literal, figurative, and technical meanings. A C2 speaker can navigate the most complex economic theories involving 'mercados de futuros' (futures markets) or 'fallos de mercado' (market failures) with ease. They can also appreciate the word's use in high literature, where a 'mercado' might symbolize the chaos of human existence or the intersection of different cultures. At this level, the speaker understands the deep historical roots of the word and its evolution. They can use the word in highly specialized professional environments, such as international law or macroeconomics, without hesitation. The distinction between 'mercado' as a physical space and 'mercado' as a theoretical construct is handled with perfect linguistic precision, often using the word in complex rhetorical structures and sophisticated irony.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

mercado 30秒で

A physical place (building or open-air) for buying and selling goods, primarily fresh food.
An abstract economic concept representing supply, demand, and the system of trade.
A central social hub in Spanish-speaking cultures for community interaction.
A masculine noun (el mercado) used in many idioms and professional contexts.

The Spanish word mercado is a foundational noun that English speakers will encounter immediately upon starting their language journey. At its most basic level, it translates to 'market,' but its cultural and linguistic footprint in the Spanish-speaking world is significantly broader than its English counterpart. In Hispanic cultures, the mercado is not just a place to buy groceries; it is the beating heart of the community, a social hub where news is exchanged, relationships are forged, and the local economy breathes. Whether you are in a bustling metropolitan center like Madrid or a small rural village in the Andes, the mercado represents the primary source of fresh produce, meat, and artisanal goods. It is a sensory explosion of colors, smells, and sounds that defines daily life.

Physical Space: A building or open-air area where vendors sell food, clothing, and household items. Unlike a sterile supermarket, a mercado often consists of independent stalls (puestos).

Cada sábado, mi abuela va al mercado para comprar verduras frescas y hablar con sus amigos.

Beyond the physical location, mercado extends into the realm of economics and abstract concepts. It refers to the 'market' in the sense of supply and demand, the stock market, or the target audience for a product. In modern business Spanish, you will hear terms like mercado de valores (stock market) or estudio de mercado (market research). This duality makes it a versatile word that transitions seamlessly from a casual conversation about dinner ingredients to a high-level boardroom discussion about international trade. Understanding the context is key: if someone says they are 'going to the market,' they usually mean the physical place; if they say the 'market is volatile,' they are referring to the economic system.

Economic Concept: The abstract system of trade, including the stock market (mercado de valores) and the labor market (mercado laboral).

El mercado laboral está cambiando rápidamente debido a la tecnología.

The word is masculine (el mercado) and follows standard pluralization rules (los mercados). It is one of the first nouns students learn because it allows for the practice of 'ir a' (to go to) constructions. Because markets are so central to Spanish life, the word appears in numerous idioms and common expressions. For instance, 'estar en el mercado' can mean a product is available for purchase, or colloquially, that a person is single and looking for a relationship. This range of usage—from the literal to the metaphorical—highlights why mastering mercado is essential for achieving fluency and cultural competence in Spanish.

Social Context: The market serves as a community gathering spot where social hierarchies are flattened and interpersonal interaction is mandatory for commerce.

No hay nada como el ambiente vibrante de un mercado tradicional en domingo.

El mercado central de la ciudad es famoso por sus mariscos.

Using the word mercado correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as a masculine noun and its common collocations with verbs of movement and action. In its most frequent A1-level usage, it follows the preposition a (to) or en (in/at). Because it is masculine, 'to the market' becomes al mercado (a + el), and 'in the market' becomes en el mercado. These simple structures allow you to describe daily routines and shopping habits with ease. For example, 'Voy al mercado' is a complete thought that every Spanish speaker uses regularly.

Directional Usage: Used with 'ir' (to go) to indicate movement toward the physical location. Note the contraction 'al'.

¿Quieres venir conmigo al mercado para comprar fruta?

When discussing the market as a place where things happen, we use en. This is where you describe the variety of goods or the atmosphere. 'Hay mucha gente en el mercado' (There are many people in the market) is a standard descriptive sentence. As you progress to intermediate levels, you will use mercado to describe economic states. You might say 'El mercado está saturado' (The market is saturated) or 'Lanzar un producto al mercado' (To launch a product to the market). In these instances, the word functions exactly like the English 'market,' making it a reliable cognate in terms of logic, if not in spelling.

Locational Usage: Used with 'en' to describe existence or actions taking place within the market's boundaries.

Compré estas flores en el mercado esta mañana.

Advanced users will employ mercado in complex sentences involving specialized modifiers. You can talk about the mercado negro (black market), the mercado de pulgas (flea market), or the mercado emergente (emerging market). Notice that adjectives like 'negro' or 'emergente' follow the noun, adhering to standard Spanish syntax. Whether you are buying a kilo of tomatoes or analyzing global trade deficits, the word mercado provides the necessary linguistic framework. It is a workhorse of the Spanish language, appearing in news headlines, literature, and everyday gossip alike.

Compound Phrases: Commonly paired with 'de' to specify the type of market, such as 'mercado de abastos' (wholesale market).

Las acciones del mercado financiero cayeron ayer.

Este producto no tiene un mercado muy amplio en Europa.

You will hear the word mercado in a vast array of real-life settings, ranging from the mundane to the professional. In a residential neighborhood, you might hear a neighbor say, 'Voy un momento al mercado,' indicating a quick trip to the local stalls. On the radio or television news, the word is ubiquitous in financial segments, where anchors discuss the mercado bursátil (stock market) or the mercado de divisas (foreign exchange market). It is a word that bridges the gap between the housewife buying bread and the banker analyzing currency fluctuations.

Daily Conversation: Frequently used when planning errands or discussing the price of food (e.g., 'Los precios en el mercado han subido').

Disculpe, ¿dónde está el mercado más cercano?

In tourism, the word is a major keyword. Famous landmarks like the Mercado de San Miguel in Madrid or the Mercado de la Boquería in Barcelona are world-renowned. Tour guides will constantly use the word to direct visitors toward these cultural hubs. In these contexts, mercado isn't just a place to shop; it's a tourist attraction known for its architecture and gourmet offerings. You will also hear it in professional environments, especially in marketing and sales departments where 'el mercado objetivo' (the target market) is a constant topic of strategy meetings.

Professional/Business: Standard terminology in economics, marketing, and finance to describe sectors of trade.

El mercado de la Boquería es una visita obligada en Barcelona.

Furthermore, the word appears in social activism and political discourse. Discussions about 'el mercado libre' (the free market) or 'el mercado justo' (fair trade) are common in debates about the economy and social justice. Even in the digital world, the concept of a marketplace is translated as mercado, such as 'Mercado Libre,' the Latin American equivalent of eBay or Amazon. This digital adoption ensures the word remains relevant for younger generations who may do more of their shopping on a screen than in a physical plaza. Whether spoken in a shouted bargain or typed in a financial report, mercado is everywhere.

Digital Context: Refers to e-commerce platforms and digital trading spaces (e.g., Mercado Libre).

Compré mi teléfono nuevo a través de un mercado en línea.

El mercado de fichajes de fútbol cierra a medianoche.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make with mercado is assigning it the wrong gender. Because many nouns ending in 'o' are masculine, this might seem intuitive, but students often get confused when they see 'la plaza' (the square/market) and assume mercado might follow suit. It is always el mercado. Using 'la mercado' is a hallmark of a beginner and can sometimes lead to confusion in fast-paced speech. Always pair it with masculine articles and adjectives: 'el mercado pequeño,' 'un mercado ruidoso.'

Gender Error: Incorrectly using the feminine article 'la' instead of the masculine 'el'.

Incorrecto: Voy a la mercado. Correcto: Voy al mercado.

Another common error is the confusion between mercado and supermercado. In English, we often use 'market' as a shorthand for 'supermarket' (e.g., 'I'm going to the market to get some milk'). In Spanish, however, these are distinct concepts. A mercado typically refers to a traditional market with multiple independent vendors, often selling fresh, local products. A supermercado is a large, corporate-owned store (like Walmart or Carrefour). If you tell a local you are going to the mercado but you actually mean the big grocery store, they might give you directions to the town square instead of the supermarket.

Semantic Confusion: Failing to distinguish between a traditional market (mercado) and a modern grocery store (supermercado).

No es un mercado, es un supermercado de cadena nacional.

Lastly, learners sometimes struggle with the pluralization and the use of 'mercado' in abstract senses. For instance, when talking about the 'labor market,' some might try to use 'comercio' or 'negocio,' but the correct term is always mercado laboral. Similarly, don't confuse mercado (the place/system) with mercadotecnia (marketing). While related, they are not interchangeable. Using the word mercado to describe the act of marketing a product is a common 'Spanglish' error. Stick to mercado for the entity and mercadeo or marketing for the activity.

False Friend/Related Word Confusion: Using 'mercado' when 'marketing' or 'comercio' is intended in a professional context.

El mercado internacional es muy competitivo este año.

Hay que estudiar el mercado antes de invertir dinero.

While mercado is the most common and universal word for 'market,' the Spanish language offers a rich variety of synonyms and related terms that change based on geography and specific context. Understanding these alternatives will help you sound more like a native speaker and navigate different regions of the Spanish-speaking world with confidence. For instance, if you are in Mexico, you will frequently hear the word tianguis. This Nahuatl-derived word refers specifically to traditional, open-air, itinerant markets that have existed since pre-Hispanic times. Using 'tianguis' in Mexico shows a high level of cultural awareness.

Mercado vs. Tianguis: 'Mercado' is general and often refers to a permanent building. 'Tianguis' (Mexico) is specifically an open-air, often temporary street market.

Fuimos al tianguis a comprar artesanías, pero luego pasamos por el mercado municipal.

In Spain, you might come across the term rastro. While a mercado is for general goods, a rastro is specifically a flea market or a second-hand market. The most famous is 'El Rastro' in Madrid. Another common term is feria. In many South American countries like Chile or Argentina, a feria is the standard word for the weekly neighborhood street market where people buy vegetables. While 'mercado' is still understood, 'feria' is the word you will hear most often in a domestic context. Furthermore, for wholesale or very large-scale food distribution, the term lonja is used, particularly for fish (lonja de pescado).

Mercado vs. Feria: In some regions, 'feria' implies a temporary or weekly event, whereas 'mercado' implies a permanent location or the broader economic concept.

La feria de los domingos es mucho más barata que el mercado del barrio.

When discussing the 'market' in an economic or abstract sense, alternatives like comercio (trade/commerce) or sector might be more appropriate depending on the nuances. For example, 'el sector inmobiliario' (the real estate market/sector). However, mercado remains the most flexible term. It can scale from 'el mercadillo' (a small, informal market or street stall) to 'el mercado global' (the global market). By learning these variations, you gain a deeper appreciation for the regional richness of the Spanish language and the central role that trade plays in every Spanish-speaking society.

Diminutives: 'Mercadillo' is often used for small street markets, especially those selling clothes or trinkets rather than fresh food.

Encontré esta bufanda en un mercadillo de la playa.

El mercado de valores cerró al alza hoy.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The Roman god Mercury (Mercurio) shares the same root because he was the patron god of financial gain, commerce, and merchants.

発音ガイド

UK /mɛəˈkɑː.dəʊ/

US /mɛrˈkɑ.doʊ/

The stress is on the second syllable: mer-CA-do.

韻が合う語

pescado estado lado dado cuidado helado pasado llamado

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the 'r' too softly (it should be a single tap).
Putting the stress on the first syllable (MER-ca-do).
Pronouncing the final 'o' like an 'u'.
Making the 'd' sound too hard like an English 'd' (it should be softer, almost like 'th' in 'this').
Nasalizing the 'e' before the 'm'.

難易度

読解 1/5

Very easy to recognize as it is a near-cognate to 'market'.

ライティング 1/5

Simple spelling, follows standard masculine noun rules.

スピーキング 2/5

Requires correct 'r' tapping and soft 'd' pronunciation.

リスニング 1/5

Clear phonetic structure makes it easy to hear in speech.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

comprar vender tienda comida dinero

次に学ぶ

supermercado precio barato caro puesto

上級

macroeconomía fluctuación divisas bursátil monopolio

知っておくべき文法

Contraction of 'a' + 'el'

Voy al mercado (not 'a el mercado').

Gender of nouns ending in -o

El mercado (masculine).

Adjective placement

Mercado tradicional (adjective follows noun).

Preposition 'en' for location

Estamos en el mercado.

Using 'de' for specification

Mercado de pulgas.

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レベル別の例文

Yo voy al mercado los lunes.

I go to the market on Mondays.

Uses 'al' (a + el) for direction.

El mercado tiene frutas rojas.

The market has red fruits.

Simple subject + verb + object structure.

¿Dónde está el mercado central?

Where is the central market?

Basic question form with 'estar' for location.

Compro pan en el mercado.

I buy bread in the market.

Uses 'en el' for location of action.

El mercado es muy grande.

The market is very big.

Descriptive sentence with 'ser'.

Hay mucha gente en el mercado.

There are many people in the market.

Uses 'hay' for existence.

Mi madre trabaja en el mercado.

My mother works in the market.

Present tense verb 'trabajar'.

Me gusta el mercado de mi barrio.

I like the market in my neighborhood.

Uses 'gustar' with a masculine singular noun.

Fuimos al mercado para comprar pescado fresco.

We went to the market to buy fresh fish.

Preterite tense 'fuimos'.

Este mercado es más barato que el supermercado.

This market is cheaper than the supermarket.

Comparative structure 'más... que'.

Siempre visito el mercado cuando viajo.

I always visit the market when I travel.

Adverb of frequency 'siempre'.

En el mercado venden ropa hecha a mano.

In the market they sell handmade clothes.

Third person plural 'venden' for general 'they'.

El mercado cierra a las dos de la tarde.

The market closes at two in the afternoon.

Telling time with 'a las'.

Quiero comprar flores en el mercado de flores.

I want to buy flowers in the flower market.

Noun + de + noun to specify type.

El mercado estaba muy ruidoso hoy.

The market was very noisy today.

Imperfect tense 'estaba' for description.

Busco un mercado que venda productos orgánicos.

I am looking for a market that sells organic products.

Subjunctive 'venda' used after an indefinite 'un'.

Si vas al mercado, ¿podrías comprarme un kilo de manzanas?

If you go to the market, could you buy me a kilo of apples?

First conditional structure.

El mercado local ha crecido mucho en los últimos años.

The local market has grown a lot in recent years.

Present perfect tense 'ha crecido'.

Es importante apoyar al mercado tradicional frente a las grandes superficies.

It is important to support the traditional market against large stores.

Infinitive 'apoyar' as a subject.

Me encanta perderme por los pasillos del mercado de antigüedades.

I love getting lost in the aisles of the antique market.

Reflexive verb 'perderse'.

Aunque el mercado es caro, la calidad es excelente.

Although the market is expensive, the quality is excellent.

Concession clause with 'aunque'.

El mercado de pulgas se organiza todos los domingos en la plaza.

The flea market is organized every Sunday in the square.

Passive 'se' construction.

No creo que el mercado abra los días festivos.

I don't think the market opens on holidays.

Subjunctive 'abra' after 'no creo que'.

He encontrado un puesto en el mercado que vende quesos artesanales.

I have found a stall in the market that sells artisanal cheeses.

Relative clause 'que vende'.

El mercado de valores sufrió una caída estrepitosa esta mañana.

The stock market suffered a crashing fall this morning.

Specific financial terminology.

Debemos analizar el mercado objetivo antes de lanzar la campaña.

We must analyze the target market before launching the campaign.

Business collocation 'mercado objetivo'.

La globalización ha transformado el mercado laboral de manera irreversible.

Globalization has transformed the labor market irreversibly.

Abstract use of 'mercado'.

El nuevo modelo de coche ya está disponible en el mercado europeo.

The new car model is already available on the European market.

Phrase 'disponible en el mercado'.

Existen leyes estrictas para evitar el monopolio en el mercado de las telecomunicaciones.

There are strict laws to prevent a monopoly in the telecommunications market.

Formal 'existen' instead of 'hay'.

El mercado inmobiliario se ha estancado debido a los altos tipos de interés.

The real estate market has stagnated due to high interest rates.

Reflexive 'se ha estancado'.

Muchos agricultores prefieren vender directamente en el mercado para evitar intermediarios.

Many farmers prefer to sell directly in the market to avoid intermediaries.

Infinitive 'vender' after 'prefieren'.

El mercado negro de divisas suele florecer en épocas de crisis económica.

The black market for currency usually flourishes in times of economic crisis.

Idiomatic 'mercado negro'.

La saturación del mercado dificulta la entrada de nuevos competidores.

Market saturation makes it difficult for new competitors to enter.

Abstract noun 'saturación'.

El filósofo hablaba del 'mercado de las ideas' como base de la democracia.

The philosopher spoke of the 'marketplace of ideas' as the basis of democracy.

Metaphorical usage.

Es imperativo que el gobierno regule el mercado para proteger al consumidor.

It is imperative that the government regulates the market to protect the consumer.

Subjunctive 'regule' after 'es imperativo que'.

Las fluctuaciones del mercado son difíciles de predecir incluso para los expertos.

Market fluctuations are difficult to predict even for experts.

Plural 'fluctuaciones'.

La segmentación del mercado permite personalizar las ofertas según el perfil del cliente.

Market segmentation allows for personalizing offers according to the customer profile.

Technical marketing term.

A pesar de la crisis, el mercado de lujo sigue mostrando una gran resiliencia.

Despite the crisis, the luxury market continues to show great resilience.

Concessive phrase 'a pesar de'.

El mercado de fichajes invernal ha sido inusualmente tranquilo este año.

The winter transfer market has been unusually quiet this year.

Sports context 'mercado de fichajes'.

Se debate si el mercado es capaz de autorregularse sin intervención estatal.

It is debated whether the market is capable of self-regulating without state intervention.

Impersonal 'se' construction.

La mano invisible del mercado, según Adam Smith, guía la economía hacia el equilibrio.

The invisible hand of the market, according to Adam Smith, guides the economy toward equilibrium.

Classical economic theory reference.

El mercado no es solo un mecanismo de intercambio, sino un constructor de realidades sociales.

The market is not just an exchange mechanism, but a constructor of social realities.

Philosophical 'no solo... sino' structure.

La volatilidad intrínseca del mercado de derivados financieros entraña riesgos sistémicos.

The intrinsic volatility of the financial derivatives market entails systemic risks.

High-level financial vocabulary.

En la novela, el mercado se presenta como un microcosmos de la codicia humana.

In the novel, the market is presented as a microcosm of human greed.

Literary analysis.

La desregulación del mercado energético ha suscitado una gran controversia política.

The deregulation of the energy market has sparked great political controversy.

Formal verb 'suscitar'.

El mercado de capitales es el motor que impulsa la inversión a largo plazo.

The capital market is the engine that drives long-term investment.

Metaphorical 'motor'.

Resulta paradójico que en un mercado tan globalizado persistan tales asimetrías de información.

It is paradoxical that in such a globalized market, such information asymmetries persist.

Subjunctive 'persistan' after 'resulta paradójico que'.

La hegemonía del mercado sobre otras esferas de la vida es un tema recurrente en la sociología crítica.

The hegemony of the market over other spheres of life is a recurring theme in critical sociology.

Advanced academic terminology.

よく使う組み合わせ

mercado libre

mercado de valores

mercado laboral

mercado negro

estudio de mercado

mercado central

mercado emergente

lanzar al mercado

mercado de pulgas

precio de mercado

よく使うフレーズ

ir al mercado

— The act of going to shop for food at the market.

Voy al mercado, ¿necesitas algo?

en el mercado

— Being physically present at the market or available for sale.

Este iPhone ya no está en el mercado.

salir al mercado

— When a product becomes available for the public to buy.

El libro saldrá al mercado el próximo mes.

mercado de abastos

— A traditional market where food is the main commodity.

El mercado de abastos abre temprano.

abrir el mercado

— To start trading or to make a sector accessible to competition.

Es hora de abrir el mercado a nuevas empresas.

dominar el mercado

— To have the largest share or control over a business sector.

Google domina el mercado de las búsquedas.

mercado de divisas

— The market where different currencies are traded.

El mercado de divisas es muy volátil hoy.

nicho de mercado

— A small, specialized section of the population for a product.

Encontró un buen nicho de mercado.

fuera del mercado

— No longer available for sale or no longer competitive.

Esa tecnología está fuera del mercado.

mercado inmobiliario

— The buying and selling of property and houses.

El mercado inmobiliario está subiendo.

よく混同される語

mercado vs supermercado

A single large store vs. a collection of stalls.

mercado vs mercadotecnia

The study of marketing vs. the market itself.

mercado vs comercio

The act of trading vs. the place of trading.

慣用句と表現

"estar en el mercado"

— Besides selling products, it colloquially means a person is single and looking.

Después de su divorcio, Juan vuelve a estar en el mercado.

informal

"hacer mercado"

— In some countries (like Colombia), it means to do the big weekly grocery shopping.

Mañana tengo que hacer mercado porque la nevera está vacía.

neutral

"poner en el mercado"

— To offer something for sale or to promote someone.

Pusieron su casa en el mercado ayer.

neutral

"romper el mercado"

— To introduce something so innovative or cheap that it changes everything.

Ese precio va a romper el mercado.

business

"mercado de piernas"

— A slang term for the football (soccer) transfer market.

El mercado de piernas está muy activo en verano.

informal/sports

"tirar los precios por el mercado"

— To sell things extremely cheaply, often to beat competition.

Están tirando los precios por el mercado para vender todo.

informal

"conocer el mercado"

— To have experience and knowledge about how a specific business works.

Ella conoce el mercado mejor que nadie.

professional

"perder mercado"

— To lose customers or influence in a business sector.

La marca está perdiendo mercado frente a la competencia.

business

"mercado persa"

— Used to describe a place that is chaotic, noisy, and full of people haggling.

Esta oficina parece un mercado persa.

informal

"ajustarse al mercado"

— To adapt one's prices or behavior to current economic conditions.

Tenemos que ajustarnos al mercado si queremos sobrevivir.

professional

間違えやすい

mercado vs merengue

Similar starting sound.

Mercado is a market; merengue is a type of dance or dessert.

Bailamos merengue después de ir al mercado.

mercado vs merced

Similar root.

Merced means 'mercy' or 'favor'.

Estamos a la merced del mercado.

mercado vs marcado

Only one letter difference.

Marcado means 'marked' or 'pronounced'.

El precio está marcado en el mercado.

mercado vs merienda

Both related to food.

Merienda is an afternoon snack.

Compré la merienda en el mercado.

mercado vs mercader

Same root.

Mercader is the person (merchant); mercado is the place.

El mercader vende en el mercado.

文型パターン

Voy al mercado a comprar [noun].

Voy al mercado a comprar pan.

El mercado de [place/type] es [adjective].

El mercado de flores es muy bonito.

Me gusta el mercado porque [reason].

Me gusta el mercado porque la fruta es fresca.

El mercado está [participle] por [reason].

El mercado está afectado por la inflación.

A pesar del estado del mercado, [clause].

A pesar del estado del mercado, la empresa invirtió.

Se asume que el mercado [verb in subjunctive].

Se asume que el mercado se autorregule.

¿Dónde está el mercado?

¿Dónde está el mercado, por favor?

Si fuera al mercado, compraría...

Si fuera al mercado, compraría queso.

語族

名詞

mercancía

mercader

mercadeo

mercadotecnia

mercadillo

動詞

mercadear

形容詞

mercantil

mercantilista

使い方

frequency

Extremely high; used daily in both casual and professional contexts.

よくある間違い

La mercado → El mercado
Many students think 'mercado' is feminine because they confuse it with 'la plaza'. It is always masculine.
A el mercado → Al mercado
The contraction of 'a' and 'el' is mandatory in Spanish. Saying 'a el' sounds broken and non-native.
Using 'mercado' for 'supermarket' → Supermercado
In Spanish, these are different. A 'mercado' is a traditional market; a 'supermercado' is a modern grocery store.
Mercado nocturna → Mercado nocturno
Adjectives must agree with the masculine noun 'mercado'.
Hacer mercado (in Spain) → Hacer la compra
While 'hacer mercado' is correct in Colombia, in Spain it sounds strange; they prefer 'hacer la compra'.

ヒント

Master the Contraction

Always combine 'a' and 'el' to make 'al' when saying you are going to the market. It sounds much more natural and is grammatically required. 'Voy al mercado' is the correct way.

Visit the Central Market

In almost every Spanish-speaking city, the 'Mercado Central' is a must-visit. It's usually a beautiful historic building and offers the best local food and cultural experience.

Learn the Stalls

A market is made of 'puestos'. Learn the names of the specific vendors: 'carnicería' (butcher), 'frutería' (fruit shop), 'pescadería' (fishmonger). This will help you navigate the mercado better.

The Soft 'D'

The 'd' in 'mercado' is between two vowels, so it should be soft. Don't let your tongue touch your teeth hard; it should be a light breathy sound, almost like the 'th' in 'weather'.

Haggling Rules

Haggling (regatear) is common in street markets (mercadillos/tianguis) but not usually in permanent market buildings (mercados de abastos) where prices are marked. Watch what others do first!

The Dating Market

Use 'estar en el mercado' to joke with friends about being single. It's a common idiom that adds a bit of native-like flair to your informal conversations.

Market vs Marketing

Don't say 'mercado' when you mean 'marketing'. Use 'mercadeo' or the English word 'marketing' (which is very common in Spanish business) for the activity of promoting products.

Know Your Synonyms

If you are traveling to Mexico, use 'tianguis'. If you are in Chile, use 'feria'. If you are in Spain, use 'mercado' or 'mercadillo'. Regional terms show you've done your homework!

Identify the Context

If you hear 'mercado' on the news, it's almost certainly about the economy. If you hear it in a neighborhood, it's about food. Use the surrounding words to know which one it is.

Pluralization

The plural is simply 'mercados'. Use it when talking about global trends: 'Los mercados internacionales están nerviosos'. It follows the standard rules for nouns ending in vowels.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'Merchant' (mercader) going to the 'Mercado' to sell his 'Merchandise' (mercancía). All three share the 'merc-' root.

視覚的連想

Picture a giant 'M' shaped like two stalls in a market, with a 'O' at the end representing a round orange you just bought.

Word Web

comida dinero vendedor fruta puesto gente comprar vender

チャレンジ

Go to a local market and try to name 10 items you see using the phrase 'En el mercado hay...'.

語源

From the Latin 'mercatus', which means 'trading' or 'marketplace'. It is derived from the verb 'mercari', meaning 'to trade'.

元の意味： A place for trade or the act of trading itself.

Romance (Latin root shared with 'market' in English, 'marché' in French, and 'mercato' in Italian).

文化的な背景

Be aware that in some contexts, 'mercado' can refer to the 'mercado negro' (illegal trade), so use context clues.

The English 'market' is often more abstract or refers to a specific 'farmers market'. In Spanish, it's the default shopping destination.

Mercado de la Boquería (Barcelona) Mercado de San Miguel (Madrid) Mercado de Abasto (Buenos Aires - now a mall, but historically significant)

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Shopping for food

¿A cuánto está el kilo?
Está muy fresco.
Deme medio kilo.
¿Aceptan tarjeta?

Business meeting

Analizar la competencia.
Cuota de mercado.
Tendencias del mercado.
Expansión internacional.

Tourism

¿Es un mercado típico?
¿Qué días abre?
¿Hay artesanías?
Es un edificio histórico.

Talking about relationships

Vuelve al mercado.
No hay nadie en el mercado.
El mercado está difícil.
Sigue en el mercado.

News/Economy

Caída del mercado.
Mercado de valores.
Mercado laboral.
Libre mercado.

会話のきっかけ

"¿Prefieres comprar en el mercado o en el supermercado?"

"¿Cuál es el mercado más famoso de tu ciudad?"

"¿Te gusta regatear cuando vas al mercado?"

"¿Qué es lo más extraño que has visto en un mercado?"

"¿Crees que los mercados tradicionales van a desaparecer?"

日記のテーマ

Describe tu visita ideal a un mercado local: ¿qué compras y qué hueles?

Compara el mercado de tu país con un mercado en un país hispanohablante.

Escribe sobre la importancia del mercado como centro social en una comunidad.

¿Cómo ha cambiado el mercado laboral en los últimos diez años?

Imagina que tienes un puesto en el mercado. ¿Qué venderías y por qué?

よくある質問

10 問

Yes, 'mercado' is always a masculine noun. You must use 'el' or 'un' with it. Even when referring to abstract concepts like the 'labor market' (el mercado laboral), it remains masculine. This is a common rule for Spanish nouns ending in -o.

'Mercado' is a general term used everywhere. 'Tianguis' is a specific word used in Mexico and some parts of Central America to describe traditional open-air markets. Usually, a 'mercado' might be in a permanent building, while a 'tianguis' is set up on specific days on the street.

The most common term is 'el mercado de valores'. You can also say 'la bolsa', but 'mercado de valores' is the direct translation of 'stock market' in a technical sense. For example: 'El mercado de valores es muy volátil'.

In some countries, like Colombia and Venezuela, the phrase 'hacer mercado' means to do the grocery shopping. However, in Spain, you would usually say 'hacer la compra'. So, while the word refers to the place, the phrase can refer to the activity.

Yes, it is a near-cognate. It looks and sounds very similar to the English word 'market' because they both share the same Latin root 'mercatus'. This makes it very easy for English speakers to remember.

The direct translation is 'mercado de pulgas'. In Spain, it is very common to call it 'el rastro', and in other places, you might hear 'mercadillo' for any informal street market selling second-hand goods.

Colloquially, if you say a person is 'en el mercado', it means they are single and available for a relationship. It's a humorous way of saying they are 'back on the dating scene'. Example: 'Después de romper con su novio, ella vuelve a estar en el mercado'.

This is a traditional food market. The word 'abastos' refers to provisions or supplies. These are usually large, central buildings where locals buy fresh meat, fish, fruits, and vegetables every day.

You can use it to talk about 'nicho de mercado' (market niche), 'cuota de mercado' (market share), or 'estudio de mercado' (market research). It functions exactly like the word 'market' in English business terminology.

It is always 'al mercado'. In Spanish, when the preposition 'a' is followed by the definite article 'el', they must contract into 'al'. Failing to do this is a very common beginner mistake.

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