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B1 noun 10分で読める

رومیزی

roomizi
例文 رومیزی 30秒で
解説 رومیزی in your Level:
At the A1 level, you just need to know that 'rumizi' means a cloth for a table. Think of it as 'table' (miz) with a little extra. You can use it with simple colors like 'red' or 'blue'. For example, 'The tablecloth is beautiful.' You don't need to worry about the different types of fabric yet. Just remember it is something you put on a table to make the room look nice. It is a noun. You might hear it when someone is talking about their house or a shop. It is a very useful word because every Iranian home has one! Try to remember the sound: RU-MEE-ZEE.
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At the A2 level, you should start using 'rumizi' with simple adjectives and verbs. You can say 'I bought a tablecloth' (Man rumizi kharidam) or 'The tablecloth is on the table' (Rumizi ruye miz ast). You should also learn the difference between 'rumizi' and 'miz' (the table itself). At this stage, you might notice the 'i' at the end. Don't forget to use the 'ye' sound (Ezafe) when you add a color: 'rumizi-ye sefid' (white tablecloth). You can also use it to describe where a clock is: 'sa'at-e rumizi' (desk clock).
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At the B1 level, you are expected to understand the functional difference between a 'rumizi' and a 'sofreh'. A 'sofreh' is for eating, while a 'rumizi' is for decoration. You should be able to describe the material of the cloth, such as 'katan' (cotton) or 'abrisham' (silk). You can use verbs like 'pahn kardan' (to spread) or 'shostan' (to wash). You might also start learning about traditional Iranian styles like 'Qalamkar' or 'Termeh' and how they are used as 'rumizi'. This level is about using the word in daily life contexts like cleaning the house or shopping for home decor.
At the B2 level, you can use 'rumizi' in more complex sentences and understand its cultural significance. You can talk about how a 'rumizi' complements the 'decorasion' (decoration) of a room or how it matches the 'pardeh' (curtains). You should be comfortable using the word in plural forms and with various prepositions. You can also understand its use in compound nouns more deeply, such as 'cheragh-e rumizi' (desk lamp). You might discuss the quality of hand-made versus machine-made cloths using this word. Your vocabulary should include words like 'ghalab-bafi' (crochet) to describe the style of the 'rumizi'.
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At the C1 level, you should be able to appreciate the nuances of 'rumizi' in literature and high-level social settings. You can discuss the historical evolution of Persian table coverings and the artistry of different regions. You might use the word when describing a scene in a story to set a specific mood—for example, a 'worn-out rumizi' might symbolize poverty or neglect. You should be able to handle technical discussions about textile care (natural dyes, delicate fibers) using this term. Your usage should be flawless, including the correct application of Ezafe in complex descriptive chains.
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At the C2 level, you have a near-native grasp of 'rumizi'. You can use it metaphorically or in idiomatic expressions if they arise. You understand the subtle social cues associated with the type of 'rumizi' a family displays. You can participate in academic or professional discussions about Iranian textile heritage, using 'rumizi' as a basic term while focusing on the specific artistic techniques like 'Sermeh-duzi'. You can also distinguish between regional dialects and how they might refer to table coverings. The word is no longer just a vocabulary item but a part of your deep cultural understanding of the Persian-speaking world.
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例文

رومیزی 30秒で

  • Rumizi means tablecloth used for decoration and protection.
  • It is different from 'sofreh', which is specifically for eating meals.
  • Common materials include cotton, silk, and traditional Persian 'Termeh'.
  • It is a compound word: 'ru' (on) + 'miz' (table) + 'i' (suffix).

The Persian word رومیزی (pronounced 'rumizi') is a compound noun derived from two core elements: ru (meaning 'on' or 'surface') and miz (meaning 'table'), followed by the suffix i which creates a noun of relation. In its most literal sense, it translates to 'that which is on the table.' However, in daily Persian life, it specifically refers to a tablecloth or a decorative runner used to protect or beautify a piece of furniture. Unlike the word sofreh, which is primarily used for the cloth spread for meals (often on the floor or table), a رومیزی is usually semi-permanent and serves an aesthetic purpose in the living room or dining area.

Material Variety
In Iran, these can range from simple cotton prints to exquisite hand-woven Termeh or intricate Pateh embroidery from Kerman.

این رومیزی ابریشمی یادگار مادربزرگ من است.

Translation: This silk tablecloth is a memento from my grandmother.

You will encounter this word most frequently when discussing home decor, visiting a bazaar, or helping a host set the room for guests. It is not just a functional item; it is a symbol of hospitality and 'salighe' (good taste). A house without a proper رومیزی on its central table might feel unfinished or 'bare' to a traditional Persian eye. The word can also be used as an adjective in some contexts to describe things that sit on a desk, like a sa'at-e rumizi (desk clock), but its primary noun form is the focus here.

Maintenance
Because many are handmade, the care of a rumizi often involves delicate hand-washing or dry cleaning to preserve the natural dyes.

باید برای میز ناهارخوری یک رومیزی جدید بخریم.

Historically, Persian textiles have been a point of national pride. From the Safavid era to the present day, the artistry involved in creating these cloths—whether through block printing (Qalamkar) or needlework—has made the رومیزی a central piece of the Persian 'chidan' (arrangement). When you enter an Iranian home, the coffee table in front of the sofa almost certainly features a carefully selected cloth, often topped with a bowl of fruit, a vase of flowers, or a tray of tea, creating a focal point for social interaction.

Modern Usage
In modern apartments, younger generations might use minimalist or geometric rumizi styles, moving away from traditional patterns but keeping the habit of covering the table.

مراقب باش چای روی رومیزی نریزد.

To wrap up, understanding this word is essential for anyone interested in Persian interior culture. It is not just 'stuff' on a table; it is a canvas of tradition. Whether it is a plastic protector for a kitchen table or a gold-threaded masterpiece for a wedding spread (Sofreh-ye Aghd), the term covers a wide spectrum of fabrics and functions, all united by their placement atop the miz.

Using رومیزی in a sentence requires an understanding of basic Persian syntax, particularly the use of 'Ezafe' (the linking -e sound) when describing the cloth. Because it is a noun, it can function as the subject, object, or part of a prepositional phrase. Let's explore the grammatical flexibility of this term through various contexts, from shopping to household chores.

Descriptive Usage
When you want to describe the color or material, you add the Ezafe: rumizi-ye ghermez (red tablecloth) or rumizi-ye katan (cotton tablecloth).

او یک رومیزی قلاب‌بافی شده روی میز انداخت.

Translation: She threw a crocheted tablecloth over the table.

In the sentence above, notice the verb andakhtan (to throw/to spread). This is the most common verb paired with رومیزی. You don't 'put' a tablecloth as much as you 'spread' it. Another common verb is pahn kardan, which also means to spread out. If you are cleaning, you might use shostan (to wash) or oto kardan (to iron), as these cloths are notorious for wrinkling after a wash.

Pluralization
The plural is formed by adding 'ha': rumizi-ha. For example: Tamam-e rumizi-ha-ye in forushgah dast-baft hastand (All the tablecloths in this shop are hand-woven).

کدام رومیزی به رنگ پرده‌ها می‌آید؟

When asking for help in a store, you might say: Bakhshid, rumizi-ye tory darid? (Excuse me, do you have lace tablecloths?). The word is also used in compound adjectives. For instance, sa'at-e rumizi (desk clock) or cheragh-e rumizi (desk lamp). In these cases, رومیزی acts as a modifier indicating the location of the object. This is a very efficient way Persian categorizes household items.

Formal vs. Informal
In formal writing, you might see pushesh-e miz, but rumizi remains the standard term across all registers of the language.

او لکه را از روی رومیزی پاک کرد.

Finally, consider the context of a 'Set'. Iranians often buy sets of رومیزی that include one large cloth for the dining table and several smaller ones (called asal-khori) for the side tables. In a sentence, you would say: Yek set-e se tek-e rumizi mikham (I want a three-piece tablecloth set). This demonstrates how the word integrates into modern consumer language while maintaining its traditional roots.

You will hear رومیزی in a variety of settings in Iran, ranging from the bustling alleys of the Grand Bazaar to quiet domestic scenes. It is a word that bridges the gap between commerce and home life. In the bazaar, particularly in the textile or 'Termeh' sections, the word is shouted by vendors or whispered by discerning customers as they feel the quality of the fabric. 'Rumizi-ye Yazdi!' (Tablecloth from Yazd!) is a common cry to attract tourists and locals alike.

In the Bazaar
Shopkeepers will ask: 'Che andaze-yi rumizi lazem darid?' (What size tablecloth do you need?) referring to the dimensions of your table.

در بازار اصفهان، رومیزی‌های قلمکار بسیار معروف هستند.

Translation: In the Isfahan bazaar, Qalamkar tablecloths are very famous.

At home, the word appears during 'Kuneh-tekani' (spring cleaning). As families prepare for Nowruz (Persian New Year), every رومیزی is washed, ironed, or replaced. You might hear a mother tell her child: 'Boro rumizi-ye jadid ro az tu komod biar' (Go get the new tablecloth from the closet). This highlights its role in festive preparation and the cyclical nature of Persian household rituals.

Interior Design Media
On Iranian Instagram or TV shows about home decoration, experts discuss how to match the rumizi with the 'pardeh' (curtains).

فروشنده گفت این رومیزی قابل شستشو در ماشین است.

Another place you'll hear it is in offices or libraries. While less common in a purely decorative sense, a 'desk mat' or a protective layer on a desk is still referred to as a رومیزی. If you are looking for a desk calendar, you ask for a 'taghvim-e rumizi'. This versatility makes the word part of the functional vocabulary of professional life as well.

In Literature
Modern Persian novels often use the rumizi as a prop to describe the atmosphere of a room, often signifying class or mood.

نور خورشید روی گل‌های رومیزی می‌تابید.

Whether you are navigating a transaction, admiring a friend's decor, or reading a story, رومیزی serves as a touchstone for Persian domesticity. It is a word that carries with it the scents of detergent, the texture of old silk, and the visual harmony of a well-kept home.

For English speakers learning Persian, the most common mistake is confusing رومیزی with sofreh. While both translate to 'tablecloth' in English, their usage in Persian is strictly delineated by function. A sofreh is what you eat on; it is often spread and then folded away immediately after the meal. A رومیزی is what stays on the table for decoration and protection throughout the day. Using sofreh to describe a decorative lace runner will sound very odd to a native speaker.

The 'i' Suffix Confusion
Students often forget that the 'i' at the end is part of the word itself, not an indefinite marker. Saying 'yek rumiz' is incorrect; it must be 'yek rumizi'.

غلط: من یک رومیز خریدم. (Incorrect)
درست: من یک رومیزی خریدم. (Correct)

Another mistake involves the Ezafe. Because rumizi ends in an 'i' sound, the linking vowel for adjectives becomes a 'ye' sound. Learners often say 'rumizi ghermez' instead of 'rumizi-ye ghermez'. This small phonetic detail is crucial for sounding natural. Additionally, because 'miz' means table, some learners try to invent words like 'ru-sandali' for chair covers. While logical, the standard word for furniture covers is usually ru-mobl or pushesh.

Contextual Error
Using rumizi for a bedspread. The correct word for a bedspread is ru-takhti. Both start with 'ru-', but the base noun must match the furniture.

اشتباه: رومیزی را روی تخت انداختم. (I put the tablecloth on the bed - unless you actually used a tablecloth!)

Lastly, be careful with the word chador. In some old dialects, people might use general terms for cloth, but in modern standard Persian, رومیزی is the only precise term for a tablecloth. Avoid over-complicating it with words like parcheh-ye miz (cloth of the table), which is grammatically correct but sounds like you've forgotten the actual word for it.

Grammatical Gender
Persian has no grammatical gender, so you don't need to worry about that, but ensure your plural markers are consistent.

او به دنبال یک رومیزی گرد می‌گشت.

By keeping these distinctions in mind—especially the functional difference from sofreh and the correct application of the Ezafe—you will avoid the most frequent pitfalls and communicate your meaning clearly and elegantly.

While رومیزی is the standard term, several other words in Persian describe similar items or specific types of table coverings. Understanding these nuances will help you describe your home or shop for items more effectively. The most prominent alternative is Termeh, which is actually a type of fabric but is so commonly used as a tablecloth that people often use the terms interchangeably.

Rumizi vs. Sofreh
As discussed, Sofreh (سفره) is for dining. You might have a rumizi on your table all day, then spread a sofreh on top of it when it's time to eat dinner.
Rumizi vs. Rannar
Modern Persian has borrowed the word 'Runner' (رنر) for long, narrow cloths that don't cover the whole table. However, many still just call this a rumizi-ye barik (narrow tablecloth).

آیا این ترمه را به عنوان رومیزی استفاده می‌کنی؟

Translation: Do you use this Termeh as a tablecloth?

Another related word is Pateh (پته), a beautiful needlework from Kerman. When someone says 'Pateh-duzi', they are often referring to a piece intended to be a رومیزی. Then there is Qalamkar (قلمکار), the block-printed cotton fabric from Isfahan. If you want a casual, traditional look, you ask for a rumizi-ye qalamkar. For very formal events, you might hear the word parda-ye miz, though this is rare and slightly archaic.

Specific Types
- Dast-baft: Hand-woven.
- Turi: Lace/Net.
- Ghalab-bafi: Crochet.

او به جای رومیزی، از یک شال سنتی استفاده کرد.

If you are looking for something to cover a desk specifically, you might hear zir-dasti (under-hand), which is a pad used for writing, but this is a specific stationery item. For general protection of a glass table, people often use shisheh-gir (glass-gripper) mats, but these are functional, not decorative. Ultimately, رومیزی remains the umbrella term that encompasses all decorative coverings, regardless of their specific craft or material.

Functional Synonyms
Pushesh-e miz (Table covering) - more formal/technical.
Andaz-e miz (Table spread) - poetic/regional.

این رومیزی توری بسیار ظریف است.

In conclusion, while رومیزی is your 'go-to' word, being aware of sofreh, termeh, and qalamkar will give you a much richer vocabulary for describing the Persian home environment.

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レベル別の例文

1

این رومیزی قرمز است.

This tablecloth is red.

Subject + Adjective + Verb (ast).

2

رومیزی کجاست؟

Where is the tablecloth?

Question word 'kojast' follows the noun.

3

من یک رومیزی دارم.

I have a tablecloth.

Use of 'yek' for indefinite noun.

4

رومیزی زیبا است.

The tablecloth is beautiful.

Simple descriptive sentence.

5

آن رومیزی بزرگ است.

That tablecloth is big.

Demonstrative pronoun 'an' (that).

6

رومیزی روی میز است.

The tablecloth is on the table.

Preposition 'ruye' (on).

7

مادرم رومیزی را دوست دارد.

My mother likes the tablecloth.

Direct object marker 'ra' after rumizi.

8

رومیزی آبی بخر.

Buy a blue tablecloth.

Imperative verb 'bekhar'.

1

او رومیزی را شست.

He/she washed the tablecloth.

Past tense of 'shostan'.

2

رومیزی جدید خیلی گران بود.

The new tablecloth was very expensive.

Adjective 'jadid' linked by Ezafe.

3

یک رومیزی برای میز آشپزخانه لازم دارم.

I need a tablecloth for the kitchen table.

Verb 'lazem dashtan'.

4

رومیزی‌ها در کمد هستند.

The tablecloths are in the closet.

Plural marker '-ha'.

5

این رومیزی نخی است.

This tablecloth is cotton.

Material adjective 'nakhi'.

6

رومیزی را اتو کن.

Iron the tablecloth.

Compound imperative 'oto kon'.

7

آیا رومیزی گرد دارید؟

Do you have a round tablecloth?

Adjective 'gerd' (round).

8

رومیزی کثیف شده است.

The tablecloth has become dirty.

Present perfect 'kasif shodeh ast'.

1

رومیزی ترمه برای سفره هفت‌سین عالی است.

A Termeh tablecloth is excellent for the Haft-sin spread.

Cultural context usage.

2

باید لکه چای را از روی رومیزی پاک کنم.

I must clean the tea stain from the tablecloth.

Modal 'bayad' + subjunctive.

3

این رومیزی با پرده‌های اتاق هماهنگ است.

This tablecloth matches the room's curtains.

Phrase 'hamahang budan ba'.

4

رومیزی را صاف روی میز پهن کن.

Spread the tablecloth flat on the table.

Adverb 'saf' (flat/straight).

5

او رومیزی‌های قدیمی را به خیریه داد.

She gave the old tablecloths to charity.

Direct object with plural and Ezafe.

6

قیمت این رومیزی دست‌باف چقدر است؟

How much is the price of this hand-woven tablecloth?

Compound adjective 'dast-baf'.

7

می‌توانید رومیزی را برایم کادو بپیچید؟

Can you wrap the tablecloth as a gift for me?

Compound verb 'kado pichidan'.

8

رومیزی توری برای میزهای کوچک مناسب‌تر است.

Lace tablecloths are more suitable for small tables.

Comparative adjective 'monaseb-tar'.

1

رومیزی‌های قلمکار اصفهان در سراسر جهان مشهور هستند.

Isfahan's Qalamkar tablecloths are famous throughout the world.

Passive/Descriptive structure.

2

رنگ‌های گیاهی به کار رفته در این رومیزی بسیار باارزش هستند.

The vegetable dyes used in this tablecloth are very valuable.

Past participle 'be kar rafteh' as modifier.

3

او با دقت رومیزی را تا کرد و در کشو گذاشت.

He carefully folded the tablecloth and put it in the drawer.

Adverbial phrase 'ba deghat'.

4

انتخاب رومیزی مناسب می‌تواند فضای اتاق را کاملاً تغییر دهد.

Choosing a suitable tablecloth can completely change the room's atmosphere.

Gerund-like subject 'entekhab-e...'.

5

این رومیزی یادگار دوران دانشجویی مادرم است.

This tablecloth is a memento from my mother's student days.

Complex Ezafe chain.

6

رومیزی‌های پلاستیکی برای خانواده‌های دارای کودک کاربردی‌ترند.

Plastic tablecloths are more practical for families with children.

Suffix '-i' for material + '-tar' for comparative.

7

لبه‌های این رومیزی با دست قلاب‌بافی شده است.

The edges of this tablecloth are hand-crocheted.

Passive construction.

8

او رومیزی را به گونه‌ای انداخت که لکه‌های میز دیده نشود.

She spread the cloth in a way that the table's stains wouldn't be seen.

Conjunction 'be gune-yi ke'.

1

ظرافت طرح‌های این رومیزی نشان‌دهنده هنر اصیل ایرانی است.

The delicacy of this tablecloth's patterns represents authentic Iranian art.

Abstract noun 'zerafat' (delicacy).

2

استفاده از رومیزی‌های ابریشمی در مراسم رسمی رایج است.

Using silk tablecloths in formal ceremonies is common.

Formal register 'rayej ast'.

3

او رومیزی را به عنوان نمادی از صلح بر سر میز مذاکره گسترد.

He spread the tablecloth as a symbol of peace on the negotiation table.

Literary verb 'gostardan'.

4

تضاد رنگ رومیزی با ظروف چینی، جلوه خاصی به میز بخشیده بود.

The contrast of the tablecloth's color with the china dishes gave the table a special look.

Verb 'bakhshidan' in perfect tense.

5

رومیزی‌های عتیقه نیاز به مراقبت و نگهداری ویژه‌ای دارند.

Antique tablecloths require special care and maintenance.

Compound noun 'negahdari'.

6

او در خاطراتش از رومیزی گل‌داری سخن می‌گوید که عطر نان تازه می‌داد.

In his memoirs, he speaks of a floral tablecloth that smelled of fresh bread.

Relative clause with 'ke'.

7

بافت متراکم این رومیزی مانع از نفوذ مایعات به سطح میز می‌شود.

The dense weave of this tablecloth prevents liquids from penetrating the table surface.

Technical description.

8

رومیزی‌های سنتی پته‌دوزی شده، شناسنامه فرهنگی کرمان محسوب می‌شوند.

Traditional Pateh-embroidered tablecloths are considered the cultural identity card of Kerman.

Passive 'mahsoub shodan'.

1

تجلی نقوش اسلیمی بر پهنای رومیزی، پیوندی میان سنت و مدرنیته ایجاد کرده است.

The manifestation of Arabesque patterns across the tablecloth has created a link between tradition and modernity.

Highly formal vocabulary.

2

هر تار و پود این رومیزی، داستانی از رنج و عشق بافنده‌اش را در دل دارد.

Every warp and weft of this tablecloth holds a story of its weaver's suffering and love.

Metaphorical usage.

3

رومیزی در اینجا صرفاً یک کالا نیست، بلکه بخشی از هویت بصری خانه است.

The tablecloth here is not merely a commodity, but a part of the home's visual identity.

Adverb 'serfan' (merely).

4

او با وسواس عجیبی، چین و شکن‌های رومیزی را صاف می‌کرد.

With a strange obsession, he smoothed out the wrinkles and folds of the tablecloth.

Idiomatic 'chin o shekan'.

5

رومیزی‌های منقوش به اشعار حافظ، محبوبیتی دوچندان یافته‌اند.

Tablecloths inscribed with Hafiz's poems have gained double popularity.

Passive modifier 'manghush be'.

6

فرسودگی رومیزی، گویای سالیان دراز میهمان‌نوازی در این عمارت قدیمی بود.

The wear and tear of the tablecloth spoke of long years of hospitality in this old mansion.

Abstract subject 'farsudegi'.

7

در این چیدمان، رومیزی به مثابه بومی است که ظروف بر آن نقش می‌بندند.

In this arrangement, the tablecloth is like a canvas upon which the dishes take shape.

Formal 'be masabe-ye' (as/like).

8

احیای هنرهای فراموش‌شده در قالب رومیزی‌های مدرن، گامی در جهت حفظ میراث ملی است.

Reviving forgotten arts in the form of modern tablecloths is a step toward preserving national heritage.

Complex gerund phrase.

よく使う組み合わせ

رومیزی پهن کردن
رومیزی ترمه
رومیزی نخی
رومیزی توری
ست رومیزی
رومیزی گرد
رومیزی چرک
رومیزی ضدآب
رومیزی قلاب‌بافی
لبه رومیزی

よく使うフレーズ

رومیزی رو جمع کن

— Take the tablecloth off/fold it.

مهمانی تمام شد، رومیزی رو جمع کن.

رومیزی به میز نمیاد

— The tablecloth doesn't suit the table.

این رومیزی به میز چوبی نمی‌آید.

رومیزی رو کثیف نکنی

— Don't get the tablecloth dirty.

موقع غذا خوردن رومیزی رو کثیف نکنی.

دنبال رومیزی گشتن

— To look for a tablecloth.

در تمام بازار دنبال رومیزی گشتم.

رومیزی رو صاف کردن

— To smooth out the tablecloth.

قبل از آمدن مهمان‌ها، رومیزی رو صاف کن.

رومیزی یادگاری

— A tablecloth kept as a memento.

این یک رومیزی یادگاری از مادربزرگم است.

رومیزی برای میز عسلی

— A tablecloth for a side table.

چند رومیزی کوچک برای میز عسلی لازم دارم.

رومیزی شیک

— A stylish tablecloth.

او همیشه رومیزی‌های شیکی انتخاب می‌کند.

رومیزی لک شده

— A stained tablecloth.

رومیزی لک شده را باید بشوییم.

رومیزی سنتی

— A traditional tablecloth.

رومیزی سنتی به خانه روح می‌دهد.

慣用句と表現

"رومیزی انداختن"

— To prepare for guests or a formal setting.

برای شب چله، رومیزی زیبایی انداختیم.

Neutral
"ساعت رومیزی"

— A desk clock (uses the word as a modifier).

صدای ساعت رومیزی نمی‌گذارد بخوابم.

Neutral
"تقویم رومیزی"

— A desk calendar.

تقویم رومیزی‌ام را گم کرده‌ام.

Neutral
"چراغ رومیزی"

— A desk lamp.

نور چراغ رومیزی برای مطالعه کافی است.

Neutral
"پرچم رومیزی"

— A small desk flag.

روی میز رئیس، یک پرچم رومیزی بود.

Formal
"آینه رومیزی"

— A desk/vanity mirror.

آینه رومیزی‌اش شکست.

Neutral
"بازی رومیزی"

— Board game (modern translatio

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