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سانتیمتر

B1 noun #4,500 よく出る 10分で読める

سانتیمتر

centimeter 上位4,500

練習する例文メモとヒント سانتیمتر 30秒で

解説 سانتیمتر in your Level:

At the A1 level, the word 'santimetr' is introduced as a basic noun used for simple descriptions of physical objects. Learners at this stage focus on the most fundamental application: stating the dimensions of everyday items or their own height. The grammar is kept simple, usually following the pattern '[Subject] [Number] santimetr ast.' For example, 'In medad dah santimetr ast' (This pencil is ten centimeters). A1 learners are taught to recognize the word's French origin, which makes it easier to remember. They also learn that in Persian, we do not pluralize the unit after a number, a rule that is emphasized early on to prevent common mistakes. Visual aids like rulers (khat-kesh) are used to ground the word in a physical context. The goal at A1 is simply to be able to identify the unit and use it in basic 'to be' sentences without complex modifiers. Students might also learn the shorthand 'sant' used in very basic shopping scenarios. By the end of A1, a student should be able to answer the question 'Ghad-e shoma chand santimetr ast?' (How many centimeters is your height?) with a simple numerical response. The focus is on clarity and the correct placement of the unit after the number.

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At the A2 level, the use of 'santimetr' becomes more integrated into functional tasks like shopping and giving directions. Learners start to use the word with more varied verbs beyond just 'to be'. For instance, they might use 'darad' (has) to describe dimensions: 'In ketab bist santimetr tul darad' (This book has a length of twenty centimeters). They also begin to encounter the word in the context of comparative adjectives. An A2 student should be able to say 'In miz panj santimetr boland-tar ast' (This table is five centimeters taller). The vocabulary expands to include 'tul' (length), 'arz' (width), and 'ertefa' (height) as partners to 'santimetr'. At this stage, the learner is also introduced to the concept of 'be andaze-ye' (to the size of), which is useful for giving instructions. For example, 'Yek khat be andaze-ye dah santimetr bekeshid' (Draw a line to the size of ten centimeters). A2 learners are expected to handle numbers up to 200 comfortably when paired with 'santimetr', as this covers most human heights and common household objects. They also begin to distinguish between formal 'santimetr' and the more casual 'sant' and know when it is appropriate to use each in simple social interactions.

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As a B1 learner, you are expected to use 'santimetr' with a higher degree of precision and within more complex sentence structures. This level involves using the word in professional or semi-professional contexts, such as describing a product's specifications or following detailed instructions in a manual. B1 students learn to use 'santimetr' with the Ezafe construction to create more descriptive phrases, such as 'yek santimetr-e ezafe' (one extra centimeter). They also start to use the word in the context of area and volume: 'santimetr-e morabba' (square centimeter) and 'santimetr-e moka'ab' (cubic centimeter). At this level, the learner should be able to participate in a conversation at a tailor shop or a furniture store, discussing specific measurements and adjustments. They can use the word to describe margins of error or small distances: 'Faqat chand santimetr fasele darim' (We only have a few centimeters of distance). The B1 level also requires an understanding of the word's role in written Persian, such as in news reports about weather (snow depth) or in simple scientific texts. The focus shifts from just 'knowing' the word to 'applying' it accurately in diverse real-world scenarios, maintaining correct grammar and appropriate register.

At the B2 level, 'santimetr' is used fluently in technical, academic, and professional discussions. The learner can explain complex measurements and use the word in hypothetical or abstract contexts. For example, a B2 student might describe the precision required in a laboratory setting: 'Daqat-e in azmayesh dar had-e milimetr ast, na santimetr' (The precision of this experiment is at the millimeter level, not centimeter). They are comfortable using 'santimetr' in complex sentences with multiple clauses, such as 'Agar in qateh ra do santimetr koochak-tar konim, dar ja-ye khodash gharar migirad' (If we make this piece two centimeters smaller, it will fit in its place). B2 learners also understand the cultural history of the metric system in Iran and can discuss why 'santimetr' replaced traditional units. They can read and synthesize information from technical data sheets or architectural plans where 'santimetr' is the primary unit. Their pronunciation is natural, and they seamlessly switch between 'sant' and 'santimetr' based on the social context. At this level, the word is no longer just a vocabulary item but a tool for precise communication in specialized fields like engineering, design, or medicine.

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At the C1 level, the learner's command of 'santimetr' includes its use in highly specialized academic discourse and literary contexts. They can discuss the nuances of measurement theory or the history of weights and measures in Persian literature. A C1 student might analyze a text where 'santimetr' is used metaphorically to represent the encroachment of modernity on traditional Iranian life. They are capable of writing detailed reports where 'santimetr' is used alongside other units of measurement, maintaining perfect grammatical accuracy and a formal academic tone. They can use the word in idiomatic or creative ways, such as 'santimetr be santimetr-e in khak' (every centimeter of this soil), to express deep patriotic sentiment or detailed knowledge of a place. At this level, the learner also understands the slight variations in how 'santimetr' might be used in different Persian-speaking regions or dialects, though it remains largely standardized. They can lead discussions or give presentations on topics requiring extreme precision, using 'santimetr' and its derivatives (like 'santimetr-e moka'ab') with total confidence and zero hesitation. Their mastery of the Ezafe and other grammatical nuances associated with units of measurement is flawless.

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At the C2 level, the learner's proficiency with 'santimetr' is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker. They can use the word in the most demanding linguistic environments, such as translating technical manuals, writing scientific papers, or engaging in high-level diplomatic or commercial negotiations involving precise specifications. A C2 learner can appreciate and use the word in its full range of registers, from the most colloquial street slang to the most formal legal language. They can discern the subtle stylistic choices between using 'santimetr' and other units in a literary work. They possess a deep understanding of the mathematical and physical concepts underlying the unit and can explain them fluently in Persian. Furthermore, they can navigate the complexities of 'santimetr' in compound words and neologisms that might arise in modern scientific Persian. Their ability to use the word is characterized by absolute precision, cultural resonance, and stylistic flexibility. Whether they are describing the minute details of a Persian miniature painting or the vast dimensions of an infrastructure project, 'santimetr' is used with effortless accuracy and sophistication.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

سانتیمتر 30秒で

A metric unit of length equal to one-hundredth of a meter, commonly used in Iran for height and object dimensions.
A French loanword (centimètre) that is essential for daily tasks like shopping, tailoring, and school geometry.
Used with singular nouns in Persian (e.g., '10 santimetr') and often shortened to 'sant' in casual conversation.
The standard for precision in Iranian engineering and construction, replacing older traditional units of measurement.

The Persian word سانتیمتر (pronounced 'santimetr') is a direct loanword from the French 'centimètre'. In the Iranian linguistic landscape, it serves as the primary unit for measuring short to medium lengths in everyday life. Unlike some countries that use a mix of imperial and metric systems, Iran is strictly metric, making this word indispensable for anyone living or working in a Persian-speaking environment. Whether you are at a tailor shop, a hardware store, or describing your own height, this word will be at the forefront of your vocabulary.

Physical Measurement: It represents exactly one-hundredth of a meter. In school settings, children are introduced to the 'khat-kesh' (ruler) which is divided into these units.

قد برادر من ۱۸۵ سانتیمتر است. (My brother's height is 185 centimeters.)

In colloquial speech, Iranians frequently shorten the word to just سانت (sant). For example, instead of saying 'dah santimetr', a person might say 'dah sant'. This is particularly common in fast-paced environments like construction sites or when discussing clothing sizes. However, in formal writing, academic papers, and official documentation, the full form 'santimetr' is strictly required to maintain professional standards.

Daily Application: You will encounter this word when buying fabric (parcheh), where the width is often given in centimeters, or when checking the dimensions of a package at the post office.

The adoption of the metric system in Iran dates back to the early 20th century as part of the modernization efforts during the Pahlavi era. Before this, traditional units like 'gereh' or 'zar' were used. Understanding 'santimetr' is not just about math; it's about navigating the modern history of Iran's integration into global scientific standards. It reflects the deep influence of French culture and education on the Persian language during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which is why so many scientific terms in Persian have French roots.

این کاغذ فقط چند سانتیمتر عرض دارد. (This paper is only a few centimeters wide.)

Cultural Nuance: In Iranian culture, precision in measurement is often associated with high-quality craftsmanship, especially in the famous Persian carpet industry, though they also use specialized units like 'raj'.

Ultimately, 'santimetr' is a bridge between Persian and the international scientific community. It is a word that carries no ambiguity, unlike traditional units that might vary from one province to another. Mastering its use, including its shorthand and its role in compound sentences, is a vital step for any B1 level learner of Persian who wishes to function effectively in an urban Iranian environment.

Using سانتیمتر in a sentence requires an understanding of Persian numerical syntax. In Persian, the number always precedes the unit of measurement, and the unit itself remains in the singular form regardless of the quantity. This is a crucial rule for English speakers who are accustomed to pluralizing units (e.g., 'ten centimeters'). In Persian, you say 'dah santimetr'.

Describing Dimensions: When describing the length, width, or height of an object, you typically use the structure: [Object] + [Number] + [Unit] + [Dimension] + [Verb]. For example: 'In miz sad santimetr tul darad' (This table is 100 centimeters long).

ضخامت این شیشه پنج سانتیمتر است. (The thickness of this glass is five centimeters.)

Another common usage is with the preposition 'be' (to/by) when indicating a change in size or a specific measurement. For instance, 'Be andaze-ye dah santimetr beborid' (Cut it to the size of ten centimeters). This 'be andaze-ye' construction is very common in instructional Persian, such as in cooking recipes or tailoring manuals.

Comparative Usage: To compare two things, you might say: 'In khat-kesh do santimetr boland-tar ast' (This ruler is two centimeters longer).

In more complex sentences, 'santimetr' often appears in the context of precision. For example, 'Daqiqan bist santimetr fasele begirid' (Keep a distance of exactly twenty centimeters). Here, the adverb 'daqiqan' (exactly) emphasizes the importance of the specific measurement. In engineering or architectural contexts, you might hear 'santimetr be santimetr', which means 'centimeter by centimeter', implying extreme care or a slow, meticulous process.

او هر روز رشد گیاه را بر حسب سانتیمتر یادداشت می‌کند. (He records the plant's growth in centimeters every day.)

Abstract Usage: While primarily a physical unit, it can be used metaphorically to describe a small distance or a narrow margin. 'Faqat chand santimetr mande bud ta tasadof konim' (We were only a few centimeters away from having an accident).

Finally, it's important to recognize the word in the context of area and volume. 'Santimetr-e morabba' (square centimeter) is used for area, and 'santimetr-e moka'ab' (cubic centimeter) is used for volume. These terms are essential for B1 learners who might be reading technical labels or following DIY instructions in Persian. By mastering these patterns, you move from simple identification to functional fluency in measurement.

If you find yourself in a 'Bazaar' or a modern shopping mall in Tehran, 'santimetr' is a word that will frequently reach your ears. One of the most common places is the 'Khayyati' (tailor shop). Iranian tailors are known for their precision, and as they measure your shoulders, sleeves, and waist, they will call out numbers followed by 'sant' or 'santimetr' to their assistants. This is a classic auditory environment for the word.

The Tailor Shop (Khayyati): 'Astin-e in kot bayad do santimetr kutah shavad' (The sleeve of this coat needs to be shortened by two centimeters).

خیاط دور کمر مرا با سانتیمتر اندازه گرفت. (The tailor measured my waist with a measuring tape.)

Another setting is the doctor's office or a health clinic. During a routine check-up, especially for children, the 'ghad' (height) and 'dor-e sar' (head circumference) are measured in centimeters. You'll hear the nurse say, 'Ghad-e koodak haftad santimetr ast' (The baby's height is seventy centimeters). This context is vital for parents or healthcare workers using Persian.

Home Improvement (Abzar-forushi): In a hardware store, when buying a piece of wood or a pipe, the clerk will ask, 'Chand santimetr lazem darid?' (How many centimeters do you need?).

In the news and weather reports, 'santimetr' is used to describe snow depth or rainfall levels. 'Dar Teheran dah santimetr barf barideh ast' (Ten centimeters of snow has fallen in Tehran). This is a very common phrase during the winter months. Similarly, in sports, especially in track and field or weightlifting, commentators use it to describe the margin of victory or the height of a jump.

بارش برف در مناطق کوهستانی به سی سانتیمتر رسید. (Snowfall in mountainous areas reached thirty centimeters.)

Academic Context: In classrooms, teachers use 'santimetr' when teaching geometry. 'Yek khat be tule panj santimetr rasm konid' (Draw a line with a length of five centimeters).

Lastly, you'll hear it in the kitchen, though less frequently than grams or liters. Some modern Persian cookbooks might specify the size of a baking dish or the thickness of dough in centimeters. 'Khamir ra be dakhama-ye nim santimetr pahn konid' (Roll out the dough to a thickness of half a centimeter). Whether in the kitchen, the clinic, or the classroom, 'santimetr' is a cornerstone of practical Persian communication.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when using سانتیمتر is pluralizing the word after a number. In English, we say 'five centimeters', but in Persian, the unit must remain singular: 'panj santimetr'. Adding the plural suffix '-ha' (سانتیمترها) in this context is grammatically incorrect and sounds very unnatural to native speakers.

Pluralization Error: Incorrect: ده سانتیمترها (Dah santimetr-ha). Correct: ده سانتیمتر (Dah santimetr).

اشتباه: طول مداد ۱۲ سانتیمترها است. (Mistake: The pencil length is 12 centimeters [pluralized].)

Another common error is confusing 'santimetr' with 'meter'. While they sound similar and are part of the same system, the scale is vastly different. Learners often accidentally use 'meter' when they mean 'centimeter' because they are focused on the French-origin root. It is helpful to remember that 'santi' comes from the Latin 'centum' meaning hundred, implying it is the smaller unit.

Word Confusion: Mistaking 'meter' (۱۰۰ cm) for 'santimetr' (1 cm). Always double-check your scale when ordering goods or giving measurements.

A third mistake is the incorrect use of the Ezafe. When you want to say 'a centimeter of...', you must use the Ezafe (the '-e' sound). For example, 'yek santimetr-e parcheh' (one centimeter of cloth). Forgetting this 'e' makes the sentence fragmented. Conversely, do not use the Ezafe between the number and the unit. It is 'dah santimetr', NOT 'dah-e santimetr'.

درست: دو سانتیمتر برف. (Correct: Two centimeters of snow.)

Spelling Confusion: Some learners spell it as 'santimetar' by analogy with English 'meter'. In Persian, the spelling is strictly 'santimetr' (سانتیمتر) with no 'a' between the 't' and 'r'.

Finally, be aware of the register. Using the full word 'santimetr' in very casual settings can sound slightly overly formal, while using 'sant' in a formal scientific report is inappropriate. Learning when to truncate the word is a sign of advancing proficiency. Avoid the mistake of being too rigid; observe how native speakers adapt the word to their environment.

While سانتیمتر is the standard unit for its scale, there are several related terms that you should know to build a complete vocabulary of measurement in Persian. The most obvious is متر (metr), which consists of 100 centimeters. For very small measurements, میلیمتر (milimetr) is used. Understanding the hierarchy of these terms is essential for any practical task.

Comparison: Santimetr vs. Milimetr: 'Santimetr' is used for height and furniture, whereas 'milimetr' is reserved for high-precision engineering, jewelry, or very small insects.

ضخامت این ورق فقط دو میلیمتر است. (The thickness of this sheet is only two millimeters.)

In some contexts, especially when dealing with older generations or traditional crafts, you might hear the word وجب (vajab). A 'vajab' is an informal unit representing the span of an open hand (from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the little finger). While not precise, it is still used in casual conversation to give a rough estimate of size. For example, 'In jabeh do vajab ast' (This box is two spans long).

Comparison: Santimetr vs. Vajab: 'Santimetr' is scientific and exact; 'vajab' is traditional and approximate. Never use 'vajab' in a professional or technical setting.

Another related term is واحد (vahed), which means 'unit'. If you forget the word for centimeter, you can ask 'Vahed-e andaze-giri chist?' (What is the unit of measurement?). Additionally, طول (tul) means length, عرض (arz) means width, and ارتفاع (ertefa) means height. These nouns are the 'partners' of 'santimetr' in descriptive sentences.

عرض این پارچه ۱۵۰ سانتیمتر است. (The width of this fabric is 150 centimeters.)

Comparison: Santimetr vs. Gaz: 'Gaz' is an old Persian unit roughly equal to a meter. It is mostly found in literature or when talking to very old carpet weavers.

For those interested in area, سانتیمتر مربع (santimetr-e morabba) is the term for square centimeters. For volume, it's سانتیمتر مکعب (santimetr-e moka'ab). These variations are vital for students of science or those working in logistics. By learning these alternatives and related terms, you gain a holistic understanding of how to describe the physical world in Persian.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

Iran officially adopted the metric system in 1924, replacing a chaotic system of local units. 'Santimetr' became a symbol of modernization and scientific progress in the country.

発音ガイド

UK /sæn.ti.metr/

US /sæn.tɪ.metr/

The primary stress is on the last syllable '-metr'.

韻が合う語

متر (Metr) کیلومتر (Kilometr) میلیمتر (Milimetr) دسی‌متر (Desimetr) قطر (Ghotr - slant rhyme) عطر (Atr - slant rhyme) چتر (Chatr - slant rhyme) سطر (Satr - slant rhyme)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing it as 'santimet-er' (adding an extra vowel).
Using the English 'centimeter' pronunciation (sen-ti-mee-ter) instead of the French/Persian 'metr'.
Failing to roll the final 'r'.
Putting the stress on the first syllable 'San-'.
Muffling the 'n' sound in 'santi'.

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize due to French origin.

ライティング 3/5

Need to remember the 'n' and the 'y' (ی) in the middle.

スピーキング 2/5

Flows well, but don't add extra vowels at the end.

リスニング 3/5

Can be confused with 'metr' or 'milimetr' if spoken fast.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

متر یک ده طول قد

次に学ぶ

میلیمتر کیلومتر مساحت حجم زاویه

上級

واحد اندازه‌گیری سیستم متریک تلورانس ضریب خطا مقیاس نقشه

知っておくべき文法

Numerical Nouns

Numbers are followed by singular nouns: 'dah santimetr' (not santimetr-ha).

Ezafe with Units

Use Ezafe to link units to the object: 'panj santimetr-e parcheh'.

Adjective Placement

Adjectives follow the unit: 'santimetr-e morabba' (square centimeter).

Compound Numbers

For 175, say 'sad o haftad o panj santimetr'.

Omission of Unit

In casual speech, 'santimetr' is often shortened to 'sant'.

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レベル別の例文

این مداد ده سانتیمتر است.

This pencil is ten centimeters.

Simple 'Subject + Number + Unit + Verb' structure.

قد من ۱۷۰ سانتیمتر است.

My height is 170 centimeters.

Standard way to state height.

کتاب چند سانتیمتر است؟

How many centimeters is the book?

Asking for dimensions using 'chand'.

یک سانتیمتر خیلی کوچک است.

One centimeter is very small.

Using an adjective to describe the unit.

این خط پنج سانتیمتر است.

This line is five centimeters.

Unit remains singular after 'panj'.

او دو سانتیمتر بلند شد.

He grew two centimeters.

Using a verb of change (growing).

دفتر من بیست سانتیمتر است.

My notebook is twenty centimeters.

Basic descriptive sentence.

فاصله دو سانتیمتر است.

The distance is two centimeters.

Describing a small gap.

این میز هشتاد سانتیمتر عرض دارد.

This table has a width of eighty centimeters.

Using 'arz darad' (has width).

لطفاً ده سانتیمتر از این پارچه ببرید.

Please cut ten centimeters of this fabric.

Imperative sentence with measurement.

جعبه سی سانتیمتر طول دارد.

The box is thirty centimeters long.

Using 'tul darad' (has length).

او پنج سانتیمتر از من کوتاهتر است.

He is five centimeters shorter than me.

Comparative adjective 'koochaktar' with measurement.

ضخامت کتاب سه سانتیمتر است.

The book's thickness is three centimeters.

Subject is 'zhakhamat' (thickness).

یک خط به طول ده سانتیمتر بکشید.

Draw a line ten centimeters long.

Using 'be tul-e' (at the length of).

این گوشی چند سانتیمتر است؟

How many centimeters is this phone?

Informal way to ask for length.

برف ده سانتیمتر روی زمین است.

There are ten centimeters of snow on the ground.

Describing depth.

برای دوختن این لباس، باید دو سانتیمتر زاپاس بگذارید.

To sew this dress, you must leave a two-centimeter seam allowance.

Technical tailoring vocabulary 'zapas'.

دقت این خط‌کش تا نیم سانتیمتر است.

The accuracy of this ruler is up to half a centimeter.

Using 'nim' (half) with the unit.

مساحت این مربع صد سانتیمتر مربع است.

The area of this square is one hundred square centimeters.

Introduction of 'morabba' (square).

قد نوزاد هنگام تولد پنجاه سانتیمتر بود.

The baby's height at birth was fifty centimeters.

Past tense 'bud' with measurement.

لطفاً حاشیه کاغذ را سه سانتیمتر بگیرید.

Please set the paper margin to three centimeters.

Using 'hashiyeh' (margin).

این قطعه فقط چند سانتیمتر با جای اصلی‌اش فاصله دارد.

This piece is only a few centimeters away from its original place.

Using 'chand' (a few) with 'faseleh' (distance).

حجم این مکعب هزار سانتیمتر مکعب است.

The volume of this cube is one thousand cubic centimeters.

Introduction of 'moka'ab' (cubic).

او هر ماه چند سانتیمتر رشد می‌کند.

He grows a few centimeters every month.

Habitual present tense 'mikonad'.

تغییرات سطح آب در این ماه حدود ده سانتیمتر بوده است.

The water level changes this month have been about ten centimeters.

Using 'hodood-e' (about) for approximation.

در نقشه‌کشی، هر سانتیمتر معادل یک متر در واقعیت است.

In drafting, each centimeter is equivalent to one meter in reality.

Using 'mo'adel' (equivalent to).

ضخامت لایه ازن چند سانتیمتر کاهش یافته است؟

How many centimeters has the ozone layer thickness decreased?

Scientific context with 'kahesh' (decrease).

برای نصب پرده، باید ده سانتیمتر بالاتر از پنجره را اندازه بگیرید.

To install the curtain, you should measure ten centimeters above the window.

Prepositional phrase 'balatar az'.

تفاوت قد این دو بازیکن فقط دو سانتیمتر است.

The height difference between these two players is only two centimeters.

Using 'tafavot' (difference).

این لنز می‌تواند از فاصله ده سانتیمتری فوکوس کند.

This lens can focus from a distance of ten centimeters.

Adjectival use 'santimetri'.

قطر این لوله باید دقیقاً پنج سانتیمتر باشد.

The diameter of this pipe must be exactly five centimeters.

Using 'ghotr' (diameter) and 'daqiqan' (exactly).

او سانتیمتر به سانتیمتر زمین را برای یافتن کلید جستجو کرد.

He searched the ground centimeter by centimeter to find the key.

Idiomatic repetition for thoroughness.

دقت ابزارهای اندازه‌گیری نوین، خطا را به زیر یک سانتیمتر رسانده است.

The precision of modern measuring tools has reduced error to below one centimeter.

Formal academic structure.

در این اثر هنری، هر سانتیمتر مربع دارای جزئیات خیره‌کننده‌ای است.

In this artwork, every square centimeter has stunning details.

Descriptive aesthetic language.

نوسانات جزئی در حد چند سانتیمتر می‌تواند تعادل سازه را برهم بزند.

Minor fluctuations on the order of a few centimeters can disrupt the structure's balance.

Engineering context with 'nosanat' (fluctuations).

او با وسواس عجیبی، فاصله تابلوها را تا سانتیمتر آخر تنظیم می‌کرد.

With a strange obsession, he adjusted the distance of the paintings down to the last centimeter.

Character description using measurement.

پیشروی آب دریا به میزان چند سانتیمتر در سال، نگران‌کننده است.

The encroachment of seawater by a few centimeters per year is worrying.

Environmental reporting style.

در متون قدیمی، واحدهایی وجود داشت که امروزه با سانتیمتر جایگزین شده‌اند.

In old texts, there were units that have been replaced by the centimeter today.

Historical linguistic context.

این جراحی نیازمند برشی به طول دقیقاً سه سانتیمتر است.

This surgery requires an incision exactly three centimeters long.

Medical precision.

او سانتیمترهای باقی‌مانده از طناب را با دقت گره زد.

He carefully knotted the remaining centimeters of the rope.

Using the unit as a plural noun in a specific context.

تحلیل‌های ژئودتیک نشان‌دهنده جابجایی چند سانتیمتری صفحات زمین‌ساختی است.

Geodetic analyses indicate a displacement of several centimeters in tectonic plates.

Highly technical scientific terminology.

در فلسفه هنر او، حتی یک سانتیمتر فضای خالی هم معنای خاص خود را دارد.

In his philosophy of art, even a single centimeter of empty space has its own specific meaning.

Philosophical/Abstract application.

تلورانس مجاز در این قطعه صنعتی نباید از نیم سانتیمتر تجاوز کند.

The allowed tolerance in this industrial part must not exceed half a centimeter.

Legal/Technical constraint language.

تاریخ‌نگاران معتقدند گذار به سیستم سانتیمتر، تحولی بنیادین در تجارت ایران بود.

Historians believe the transition to the centimeter system was a fundamental shift in Iranian trade.

Historical analysis.

او با دقتی میکروسکوپی، سانتیمتر به سانتیمترِ مانیفست را نقد کرد.

With microscopic precision, he critiqued every single centimeter of the manifesto.

Metaphorical use for textual analysis.

انحراف مسیر موشک در حد چند سانتیمتر می‌تواند منجر به شکست ماموریت شود.

A missile path deviation of just a few centimeters can lead to mission failure.

Aerospace precision context.

این پارچه نفیس با تراکم گره بالا، در هر سانتیمتر مربع ارزش هنری والایی دارد.

This exquisite fabric with high knot density has great artistic value in every square centimeter.

Expert-level descriptive Persian.

در اسناد مناقصه، ابعاد دقیق باید بر حسب سانتیمتر قید گردد.

In the tender documents, exact dimensions must be specified in centimeters.

Formal administrative Persian.

よく使う組み合わせ

چند سانتیمتر

سانتیمتر مربع

سانتیمتر مکعب

به سانتیمتر

هر سانتیمتر

دقت سانتیمتر

بر حسب سانتیمتر

بیست سانتیمتر

سانتیمتر به سانتیمتر

یک سانتیمتر

よく使うフレーズ

قدت چند سانتیمتره؟

— A common way to ask someone's height in casual Persian.

ببخشید، قدت چند سانتیمتره؟

چند سانتیمتر اضافه

— Referring to an extra bit of length needed.

همیشه چند سانتیمتر اضافه بخر.

در حد چند سانتیمتر

— Describing a very small amount or margin.

اختلاف ما در حد چند سانتیمتر بود.

سانتیمتر زدن

— To measure something carefully (colloquial).

باید تمام اتاق را سانتیمتر بزنیم.

خط‌کش سانتیمتری

— A ruler marked in centimeters.

یک خط‌کش سانتیمتری به من بده.

نوار سانتیمتر

— A measuring tape (often used by tailors).

نوار سانتیمتر را دور کمرش بست.

فاصله سانتیمتری

— A very close distance.

آنها فاصله سانتیمتری با هم داشتند.

رشد سانتیمتری

— Incremental growth.

رشد سانتیمتری گیاه مشهود است.

برش سانتیمتری

— A precise cut.

یک برش سانتیمتری روی چوب ایجاد کرد.

دقت در حد سانتیمتر

— Precision down to the centimeter.

این نقشه دقت در حد سانتیمتر دارد.

よく混同される語

سانتیمتر vs متر

A meter is 100 times larger than a centimeter. Don't mix them up when measuring!

سانتیمتر vs میلیمتر

A millimeter is 10 times smaller. Used for very fine details.

سانتیمتر vs اینچ

An inch is about 2.54 cm. Only used for screens in Iran.

慣用句と表現

"سانتیمتر به سانتیمتر"

— Very slowly and with great detail or thoroughness.

سانتیمتر به سانتیمترِ این کوه را می‌شناسم.

Informal/Literary

"یک سانتیمتر عقب نشستن"

— To yield or retreat even a tiny bit (usually in an argument or war).

ما حتی یک سانتیمتر هم از حقمان عقب نمی‌نشینیم.

Formal/Political

"وجب به وجب"

— While using 'vajab', it's the idiomatic equivalent of 'inch by inch' or 'centimeter by centimeter'.

وجب به وجب این خاک مقدس است.

Literary

"قد کشیدن"

— To grow taller (often measured in centimeters).

پسرم امسال خیلی قد کشیده.

General

"موی‌رگی"

— Though not using the word, it describes a precision even smaller than a centimeter.

دقتش موی‌رگی بود.

Informal

"در حد میلی"

— Something very small (referring to millimeters).

شانسش در حد میلی بود.

Slang

"یک سانت جا نداشتن"

— To be completely full or crowded.

اتوبوس یک سانت هم جا نداشت.

Informal

"اندازه گرفتن"

— To size someone up (metaphorically).

داشت مرا با نگاهش اندازه می‌گرفت.

Informal

"کم آوردن"

— To be short by some amount (often centimeters).

دو سانت برای پرده کم آوردیم.

Informal

"روی خط بودن"

— To be precise or 'on the line'.

همه چیز باید روی خط و سانتیمتر باشد.

Informal

間違えやすい

سانتیمتر vs متر

Both start with 'm' sounds and are related to length.

Meter is the base unit (100cm). Centimeter is the sub-unit. You measure a room in meters but a book in centimeters.

اتاق ۳ متر است، اما کتاب ۲۰ سانتیمتر.

سانتیمتر vs میلیمتر

Both are sub-units of the meter.

Millimeter is much smaller (1/1000m). Used in mechanics. Centimeter is 1/100m.

ضخامت کاغذ به میلیمتر است.

سانتیمتر vs سانتیمتر مربع

Learners forget to add 'morabba' for area.

Santimetr is length (1D). Santimetr morabba is area (2D).

طول ۵ سانتیمتر، مساحت ۲۵ سانتیمتر مربع.

سانتیمتر vs وجب

Both measure length.

Vajab is an informal hand-span. Santimetr is a fixed scientific unit.

دو وجب تقریباً ۴۰ سانتیمتر است.

سانتیمتر vs قدم

Both relate to distance.

Ghadam is a step (approx 75cm). Santimetr is precise.

ده قدم بردار.

文型パターン

[Object] [Number] سانتیمتر است.

میز ۸۰ سانتیمتر است.

[Object] [Number] سانتیمتر [Dimension] دارد.

کتاب ۲۰ سانتیمتر طول دارد.

[Verb] [Number] سانتیمتر [Object].

ببر ده سانتیمتر پارچه.

در حد [Number] سانتیمتر [Noun].

در حد ده سانتیمتر اختلاف.

سانتیمتر به سانتیمترِ [Noun].

سانتیمتر به سانتیمترِ جاده.

بر حسب سانتیمتر [Verb].

بر حسب سانتیمتر محاسبه شد.

[Number] سانتیمتر [Adjective-er] از...

دو سانتیمتر بلندتر از من.

به اندازه [Number] سانتیمتر.

به اندازه ۵ سانتیمتر.

語族

名詞

متر (Meter)

میلیمتر (Millimeter)

کیلومتر (Kilometer)

اندازه‌گیری (Measurement)

動詞

متر کردن (To measure by meters)

اندازه گرفتن (To measure)

形容詞

سانتیمتری (Centimetric/Of a centimeter)

متری (Metric/By the meter)

使い方

frequency

Extremely high in daily life and science.

よくある間違い

پنج سانتیمترها → پنج سانتیمتر
In Persian, nouns following a number are always singular. Adding '-ha' is a common English-speaker error.
سانتیمترِ ده → ده سانتیمتر
The number must come before the unit. Using Ezafe to put the number after is incorrect.
سانتیمتر مربع طول → سانتیمتر طول
Do not use 'morabba' (square) when you are measuring a simple line or length.
صد سانتیمتر یک کیلو است → صد سانتیمتر یک متر است
Confusing units of length (meter) with units of weight (kilo).
سانتیمتار → سانتیمتر
Incorrect spelling/pronunciation based on the English 'meter'. Persian uses 'metr'.

ヒント

Singular Rule

Always keep the unit singular after numbers. 'Dah santimetr' is the only correct way.

The French Connection

Think of the French 'mètre'. The 'e' at the end is silent, and the 'tr' is a quick cluster.

Shorten it!

Use 'sant' in casual contexts to sound like a local. It's very common in shopping.

Height Matters

In Iran, height is always given in centimeters (e.g., 180), never in meters and centimeters (e.g., 1.80).

Persian Numerals

Try writing measurements with Persian digits: ۱۰۰ سانتیمتر instead of 100.

Area and Volume

Remember 'morabba' for square and 'moka'ab' for cubic. They are essential for science.

Bazaar Talk

When buying fabric, the width (arz) is usually 150cm. Knowing this helps you shop.

Fast Speech

In fast speech, 'santimetr' might sound like 'santimet'. Don't let the missing 'r' confuse you.

Loanword Logic

Many Persian technical words are French. If you know French, you'll find 'santimetr' easy.

Global System

Iran is 100% metric. Forget inches and feet while you are there!

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'Sentry' (Santi) standing on a 'Meter' (metr). The Sentry is small, so he represents the small part of the meter.

視覚的連想

Imagine a bright yellow measuring tape where the numbers 1, 2, and 3 are glowing. Associate the word 'santimetr' with the physical feeling of holding a ruler.

Word Web

Meter Ruler Height Width Tailor Geometry Precision Map

チャレンジ

Go around your room and find five objects. Measure them and say their length in Persian out loud: 'In ketab bist santimetr ast.'

語源

Borrowed from French 'centimètre'. The French word was coined during the French Revolution from the Latin 'centum' (hundred) and the Greek 'metron' (measure).

元の意味： One hundredth of a meter.

Indo-European (via French loanword into Persian).

文化的な背景

No particular sensitivities; it is a neutral scientific term.

Americans might struggle as they use inches; Europeans will find it familiar.

Used in modern Iranian architecture manuals. Common in the 'Standard Organization of Iran' documents. Found in every school geometry textbook (Riazi).

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

At the Tailor

قد آستین چند سانتیمتر است؟
دو سانتیمتر تنگ‌تر کنید.
دور کمر ۶۰ سانتیمتر.
سانتیمتر را بده به من.

In School

یک خط ۵ سانتیمتری بکش.
این مربع چند سانتیمتر است؟
خط‌کشت چند سانتیمتریه؟
سانتیمتر واحد طول است.

Buying Furniture

عرض این میز چند سانتیمتر است؟
باید جای ۹۰ سانتیمتری داشته باشیم.
ارتفاعش ۸۰ سانتیمتره.
چند سانتیمتر جا می‌گیره؟

Health Clinic

قد شما ۱۷۵ سانتیمتر است.
نوزاد ۵ سانتیمتر رشد کرده.
دور سرش چند سانتیمتره؟
یک سانتیمتر کاهش وزن.

DIY/Construction

تخته را ۵۰ سانتیمتر ببر.
دقت کار باید در حد سانتیمتر باشد.
چند سانتیمتر فاصله بگذارم؟
متر نواری بر حسب سانتیمتر است.

会話のきっかけ

"ببخشید، قد شما چند سانتیمتر است؟"

"فکر می‌کنی این میز چند سانتیمتر طول داشته باشد؟"

"آیا می‌دانستید هر اینچ تقریباً دو و نیم سانتیمتر است؟"

"برای این پرده، چند سانتیمتر پارچه اضافه بخرم؟"

"دقت این خط‌کش به سانتیمتر است یا میلیمتر؟"

日記のテーマ

امروز قد خودم را اندازه گرفتم و متوجه شدم که ... سانتیمتر شده‌ام.

توصیف کنید که اگر تمام خط‌کش‌های دنیا یک سانتیمتر کوتاه‌تر می‌شدند چه اتفاقی می‌افتاد.

یک وسیله در خانه خود را انتخاب کنید و ابعاد آن را به سانتیمتر بنویسید.

چرا در ایران از سانتیمتر به جای اینچ استفاده می‌کنند؟ نظر خود را بنویسید.

خاطره‌ای از خرید لباس و مشکل با سانتیمترها بنویسید.

よくある質問

10 問

Yes, 'santimetr-ha', but it is never used after a number. You only use it when talking about centimeters in general, like 'The centimeters on this ruler are faded.' Otherwise, always use singular.

If you are in a formal meeting or writing an essay, use 'santimetr'. If you are talking to a friend or buying fabric at the bazaar, 'sant' is more natural and common.

You can say 'yek o nim santimetr' (one and a half) or 'yek momayez panj santimetr' (one point five).

Yes, because the word came from French where 'c' before 'e' is pronounced as 's'. Thus, it is 'santimetr'.

Mostly for TV and computer screens. For example, 'A 50-inch TV'. For almost everything else, like height or waist size, they use centimeters.

Usually, it is written as 'س.م' or just the full word is used. In math, 'cm' is also recognized.

It is called 'metr-e navari' or often just 'metr'. Tailors might just call it 'santimetr'.

Only if you say 'santimetr-e moka'ab' (cubic centimeter), which is the same as a milliliter (ml).

No, it is strictly a unit of length or distance.

Persian follows the French spelling and pronunciation 'mètre', which ends in a consonant cluster 'tr'.

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