このページをあなたの言語で

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

B1 noun 12分で読める

l'haleine

練習する例文メモとヒント l'haleine 30秒で

解説 l'haleine in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should learn 'l'haleine' as a basic noun related to hygiene and the body. It is most commonly used with the adjectives 'bonne' (good) or 'mauvaise' (bad). You will hear it in simple sentences about brushing teeth or eating. For example: 'Je me brosse les dents pour avoir une bonne haleine.' (I brush my teeth to have good breath). Remember that it is a feminine word, but because it starts with a vowel sound, you say 'mon haleine' instead of 'ma haleine'. This is a very important rule for beginners. You might also see it on signs in pharmacies next to toothpaste and mouthwash. At this level, focus on the physical smell of breath and the basic grammar of the word. Don't worry about the metaphorical uses yet. Just remember: 'L'haleine' is the air that comes out of your mouth. If you eat garlic (l'ail), you will have 'une mauvaise haleine'. If you use mints (des bonbons à la menthe), you will have 'une haleine fraîche'. It is a useful word for daily life and basic health conversations. Try to practice saying 'mon haleine' out loud to get used to the link between the 'n' and the 'h'.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the A2 level, you can start using 'l'haleine' in more descriptive sentences and learn a few common expressions. You might describe how breath looks in the cold: 'En hiver, on voit son haleine.' (In winter, we see our breath). You should also become familiar with the phrase 'à bout d'haleine', which means being very tired after running or working hard. For example: 'Après avoir couru, je suis à bout d'haleine.' (After running, I am out of breath). This level is also where you should clearly distinguish between 'l'haleine' (the smell/air) and 'le souffle' (the act of breathing). You have 'le souffle court' if you are out of shape, but you have 'l'haleine courte' if your breaths are physically shallow. You can also use it to describe the smell of specific things: 'L'haleine de mon chien n'est pas très bonne.' (My dog's breath is not very good). You are moving beyond simple hygiene into describing physical states and reactions to the environment. Start noticing how the word is used in stories to show that a character is tired or nervous. It's a key word for adding detail to your descriptions of people and their physical conditions.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the B1 level, you are expected to use 'l'haleine' in its idiomatic and metaphorical forms. The most important expression to master is 'tenir en haleine'. This means to keep someone in suspense or to keep them interested. You will see this often in reviews of books, movies, or sporting events. For example: 'Ce match de football nous a tenus en haleine jusqu'au bout.' (This football match kept us in suspense until the end). You should also learn 'de longue haleine', which describes a long-term project or task. 'C'est un travail de longue haleine.' (It's a long-term job). This implies that you need endurance, like a long-distance runner. At B1, you should also be able to use the word in more literary or poetic ways, such as 'l'haleine du vent' (the breath of the wind). You are expected to understand the nuance between 'haleine' and 'souffle' in almost all contexts. You might use 'l'haleine' to describe the atmosphere of a place or the intensity of a moment. For instance, in a tense situation, you might say 'Tout le monde retenait son haleine' (Everyone was holding their breath), although 'souffle' is also common there. Your vocabulary is becoming more flexible, allowing you to describe not just physical reality but also emotional and narrative tension.

At the B2 level, you should have a nuanced understanding of 'l'haleine' and be able to use it in complex sentence structures. You should be comfortable with its use in formal writing and professional contexts. For instance, describing a strategic plan as 'une œuvre de longue haleine' demonstrates a high level of vocabulary. You should also be aware of the sensory and evocative power of the word in literature. A B2 student can analyze how an author uses 'l'haleine fétide' to characterize a villain or 'l'haleine printanière' to describe a season. You should also understand the medical and scientific nuances, perhaps discussing 'l'haleine' in the context of health or biology. You might use it in a debate about public health or hygiene. Furthermore, you should be able to recognize and use the word in varied registers, from the medical 'halitose' to the common 'mauvaise haleine'. You should also be able to use the expression 'à perte d'haleine' to describe not just physical running, but also intense laughter or fast talking. 'Elle parlait à perte d'haleine' (She spoke so fast she was out of breath). This shows you understand how the word can describe the rhythm of communication itself.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the C1 level, you use 'l'haleine' with precision and stylistic flair. You understand its deep roots in the French language and can use it to create specific atmospheres in your writing. You might use it in philosophical discussions about the nature of life and the 'breath' of existence. You can distinguish between 'l'haleine' and other similar terms like 'exhalaison' or 'effluve' with ease. In professional settings, you use 'de longue haleine' to describe complex, multi-year projects with a sense of gravitas. You are also sensitive to the phonetics of the word; you know how the mute 'h' affects the rhythm of a sentence and you use it to your advantage in oral presentations. You might use 'haleine' in a metaphorical sense to describe the 'breath' of a revolution or a social movement—something that is invisible but felt by everyone. Your use of 'tenir en haleine' is sophisticated, perhaps describing how a politician's speech kept the nation in suspense. You are no longer just using the word; you are playing with its connotations of life, intimacy, and endurance. You can also identify and correct subtle misuses of the word in others' speech, showing a mastery of the idiomatic landscape of the French language.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the C2 level, your mastery of 'l'haleine' is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker. You can use the word in its most obscure or archaic senses if the context requires it, such as in high-level literary analysis or creative writing. You understand the historical evolution of the word from its Latin roots and how it has shaped various French idioms over centuries. You can use 'haleine' to discuss the 'breath' of a civilization or the 'haleine de l'histoire' (the breath of history). In your own writing, you might use the word to create complex metaphors where the physical act of breathing represents larger existential truths. You are a master of the 'longue haleine' structure, using it to describe not just work, but the endurance of the human spirit. You can speak about 'l'haleine' in a medical, poetic, or everyday context with equal ease and appropriate register shifts. You understand the subtle difference in impact between 'un souffle de vent' and 'une haleine de vent', choosing the latter to imply a more intimate, almost ghostly touch. Your command of the word is absolute, allowing you to use it as a tool for precise, evocative, and highly sophisticated communication.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

練習する例文メモとヒント

l'haleine 30秒で

L'haleine is the air expelled from the mouth or nose.
It is primarily used to discuss breath odor (bonne/mauvaise haleine).
It features in key idioms like 'tenir en haleine' (to keep in suspense).
Grammar alert: Use 'mon haleine' despite it being a feminine noun.

The French word l'haleine refers specifically to the air that is expelled from the mouth or nose during respiration. While in English we often use the word 'breath' to cover both the act of breathing and the quality of the air itself, French distinguishes between le souffle (the force or act of breathing) and l'haleine (the air itself, often in relation to its odor or temperature). At its most basic level, you will encounter this word in daily hygiene contexts, such as discussing whether someone has 'fresh breath' after brushing their teeth or 'bad breath' after eating garlic.

Physiological Context: In a medical or biological sense, l'haleine describes the chemical composition of the air leaving the lungs. Doctors might check the breath for signs of ketosis or other conditions. In everyday life, it is the focus of the multi-billion euro oral hygiene industry, from mints to mouthwashes.
Atmospheric and Sensory Usage: The word is also used to describe the visible mist formed by breathing in cold air. When you see your breath in winter, you are seeing 'votre haleine' condensing. It carries a sensory weight, often implying proximity and intimacy, as feeling someone's breath on your neck involves 'sentir l'haleine de quelqu'un'.

Après avoir mangé ce plat très épicé, il craignait d'avoir une mauvaise haleine pendant son entretien.

Translation: After eating this very spicy dish, he feared having bad breath during his interview.

Beyond the literal, l'haleine possesses a rich metaphorical life in French literature and cinema. It is used to describe the 'breath' of a storm or the 'breath' of the wind in highly poetic contexts, though 'souffle' is more common for the wind itself. The word evokes the essence of life and the immediate presence of a living being. To be 'en haleine' is to be kept in a state of suspense or anticipation, as if you are holding your breath waiting for the next event.

Le froid était si intense que son haleine formait des petits nuages blancs dans l'air.

Translation: The cold was so intense that his breath formed little white clouds in the air.

The Suspense Aspect: The expression 'tenir en haleine' is ubiquitous in book and film reviews. It literally means 'to keep someone in breath', but it translates to 'keeping someone on the edge of their seat'. It implies that the narrative is so gripping that the audience is breathing shallowly in excitement.

Ce thriller policier a réussi à tenir tout le public en haleine jusqu'à la dernière minute.

Translation: This detective thriller managed to keep the whole audience in suspense until the last minute.

In summary, while 'l'haleine' starts as a simple physiological term, its usage spans from the mundane bathroom cabinet to the heights of dramatic tension. Understanding its distinction from 'souffle' is key for intermediate learners: use 'haleine' when talking about the air itself, its smell, or its temperature, and 'souffle' when talking about the energy, the wind, or the physical capacity to breathe.

Using l'haleine correctly requires an understanding of its common collocations and the specific verbs that accompany it. Most frequently, you will find it paired with adjectives that describe its quality. Adjectives like fraîche (fresh), fétide (foul), courte (short), or chaude (warm) are standard. Because it is a noun, it often follows verbs of perception like sentir (to smell/feel) or verbs of possession like avoir (to have).

Describing Quality: When you want to talk about the state of someone's breath, you use 'avoir l'haleine...'. For example, 'Elle a l'haleine fraîche le matin' (She has fresh breath in the morning). If someone has been smoking, you might say 'Il a l'haleine qui sent le tabac' (His breath smells of tobacco).

Pour garder une haleine saine, il est conseillé de se brosser les dents trois fois par jour.

Translation: To keep healthy breath, it is advised to brush your teeth three times a day.

In more dynamic contexts, 'l'haleine' is used with verbs of movement or state. 'Perdre haleine' means to become breathless, usually from physical exertion. This is often seen in the phrase 'à perte d'haleine' (until out of breath/breathlessly). For example, 'Ils ont couru à perte d'haleine pour attraper le train' (They ran breathlessly to catch the train). This suggests a high level of intensity and physical effort.

Le petit garçon riait à perte d'haleine en jouant dans le jardin.

Translation: The little boy was laughing breathlessly while playing in the garden.

Suspense and Narrative: As mentioned in the previous section, 'tenir en haleine' is a key idiomatic usage. It is transitive, meaning it takes an object. 'Le film nous a tenus en haleine' (The film kept us in suspense). Another related phrase is 'être de longue haleine', which describes a task or project that requires long-term effort and persistence, much like a long-distance runner needing sustained breath.

La rédaction de cette thèse est un travail de longue haleine qui demande beaucoup de patience.

Translation: Writing this thesis is a long-term task that requires a lot of patience.

Finally, consider the sensory experience of 'l'haleine' in literature. Authors often use it to create atmosphere. 'L'haleine fétide du dragon' (The dragon's foul breath) or 'L'haleine parfumée des fleurs' (The perfumed breath of the flowers). In these cases, it acts as a synonym for 'exhalaison' or 'odeur', but with a more organic, living connotation. It suggests that the object (even if inanimate like a flower) is 'breathing' out its scent.

Dans le silence de la nuit, on n'entendait que l'haleine régulière de l'enfant qui dormait.

Translation: In the silence of the night, one could only hear the regular breathing of the sleeping child.

In contemporary France, you are most likely to hear l'haleine in three distinct environments: the pharmacy, the cinema, and the gym. Each context utilizes a different facet of the word's meaning. At the pharmacy or 'parapharmacie', you'll see countless products labeled for 'mauvaise haleine' (halitosis). Advertisements for chewing gum or toothpaste frequently use the phrase 'haleine fraîche' to appeal to social anxieties regarding personal hygiene.

The Media and Entertainment: Turn on any French talk show or read a movie review in 'Le Monde', and you will hear 'tenir en haleine'. It is the go-to expression for journalists to describe a compelling story. 'Une intrigue qui tient en haleine' is high praise for a screenwriter. It suggests a rhythm that captures the audience's physiological response.

Le dernier roman de cet auteur est un véritable chef-d'œuvre qui tient le lecteur en haleine du début à la fin.

Translation: The latest novel by this author is a true masterpiece that keeps the reader in suspense from start to finish.

In the world of sports, particularly endurance sports like running or cycling, coaches and athletes use the word to describe physical limits. While 'souffle' is used for lung capacity, 'haleine' appears in phrases like 'à bout d'haleine' (out of breath). A commentator might say of a cyclist, 'Il est arrivé à bout d'haleine au sommet du col', emphasizing the sheer exhaustion and the gasping for air at the finish line.

Après cette montée brutale, les randonneurs étaient tous à bout d'haleine.

Translation: After this brutal climb, the hikers were all out of breath.

Literary and Historical Contexts: In classic French literature (think Victor Hugo or Balzac), 'l'haleine' is often used to personify nature. You might read about 'l'haleine du soir' (the evening's breath/breeze). This usage is less common in modern spoken French but remains a staple of 'la belle langue' (beautiful language) and poetry.

You will also hear it in the workplace, specifically when discussing long-term projects. A manager might say, 'C'est un projet de longue haleine, alors ne vous épuisez pas dès la première semaine'. This serves as a warning that the task is more of a marathon than a sprint, requiring sustained energy and 'breath' over a long period. This metaphorical use is very professional and common in corporate environments.

La négociation de ce contrat international sera un travail de longue haleine.

Translation: Negotiating this international contract will be a long-term undertaking.

The most frequent mistake learners make with l'haleine is confusing it with le souffle. While both can be translated as 'breath' in English, their usage in French is strictly divided. If you say 'J'ai une mauvaise souffle', it sounds nonsensical to a native speaker. You must use 'haleine' for the quality/smell of the air. Conversely, if you want to say you have the 'stamina' to run a marathon, you should use 'souffle', not 'haleine'.

Gender and Possessive Adjectives: As a feminine noun starting with a vowel, 'haleine' triggers the use of masculine possessive adjectives. Saying 'ma haleine' is a common error for beginners. The correct form is 'mon haleine'. This rule applies to all feminine nouns starting with a vowel or a mute 'h' (e.g., 'mon amie', 'mon école').

Faux: Ma haleine est fraîche.
Juste: Mon haleine est fraîche.

Another mistake involves the preposition in the phrase 'à bout d'haleine'. Learners sometimes try to say 'sans haleine' to mean out of breath. While 'sans haleine' is grammatically possible, 'à bout d'haleine' is the idiomatic standard for physical exhaustion. Similarly, 'à perte d'haleine' is specifically used for actions done with such intensity that you lose your breath (like laughing or running).

Faux: C'est un projet à longue haleine.
Juste: C'est un projet de longue haleine.

Misusing 'Tenir en haleine': Learners often forget that 'tenir en haleine' requires a direct object. You don't just 'tenir en haleine'; you 'tient quelqu'un en haleine'. If you want to say the book was suspenseful, you say 'Le livre m'a tenu en haleine', not 'Le livre a tenu en haleine'.

Finally, watch out for the spelling. The 'h' is mute, but it must be there. Some learners confuse it with 'aliène' (alienated) or 'baleine' (whale) due to phonetic similarity in fast speech. Always remember the 'h' at the beginning and the 'e' at the end. It's 'haleine', not 'alaine' or 'halein'.

L'orthographe correcte est toujours haleine, avec un 'h' initial et un 'e' final.

While l'haleine is the most common term for breath, several other words share its semantic space, depending on the context. Understanding these nuances will help you sound more like a native speaker and allow you to describe sensations more precisely. The most important distinction to maintain is with le souffle.

Haleine vs. Souffle: L'haleine: Focuses on the air itself, its smell (bonne/mauvaise haleine), its temperature (haleine chaude), or the state of suspense (tenir en haleine).
Le souffle: Focuses on the act of breathing, the wind, the power or capacity of the lungs, or the 'breath of life'. You have 'du souffle' if you can run long distances.
L'exhalaison: This is a more formal or scientific term. It refers to the act of breathing out or the vapors/smells emitted by something. You might encounter this in a chemistry text or high-level literature. 'Les exhalaisons de la terre après la pluie' (The vapors of the earth after the rain).

Alors que l'haleine est humaine, le souffle peut être divin ou météorologique.

Translation: While breath is human, 'souffle' can be divine or meteorological.

In medical settings, you might hear the term la respiration. This is the general term for the process of breathing. While 'haleine' is what comes out, 'respiration' is the whole cycle of inhalation and exhalation. If a doctor says 'votre respiration est sifflante', they mean your breathing is wheezing. They wouldn't use 'haleine' in that specific context unless they were commenting on the smell.

L'odeur de sa haleine trahissait sa consommation récente d'alcool.

Translation: The smell of his breath betrayed his recent alcohol consumption.

Le Soupir (The Sigh): A specific type of breath. While 'l'haleine' is the substance, 'un soupir' is a long, audible exhalation expressing sadness, relief, or exhaustion. You wouldn't say 'une haleine de soulagement', you would say 'un soupir de soulagement'.

Finally, consider le vent (the wind). In poetic contexts, 'l'haleine du vent' is used to describe a very light, gentle breeze that feels like someone breathing on you. It is much softer than 'une rafale' (a gust) or 'un coup de vent'. Using 'haleine' here adds a layer of personification and delicacy to your description of the weather.

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

"Cette étude scientifique sur les gaz de l'haleine est fascinante."

ニュートラル

"Il a une haleine très fraîche après s'être lavé les dents."

カジュアル

"Ouh là, tu as une haleine de poney ce matin !"

Child friendly

"Le petit dragon souffle une haleine de feu."

スラング

"Il pue de la gueule (vulgar synonym for bad breath)."

豆知識

The 'h' was added later in the Middle Ages to mimic the Latin 'halare' (to breathe), even though the 'h' remains silent in modern French.

発音ガイド

UK /a.lɛn/

US /a.lɛn/

In French, the stress is usually on the final syllable: a-LENN.

韻が合う語

baleine (whale) phalène (moth) reine (queen) peine (sorrow) plaine (plain) sereine (serene) veine (vein) scène (scene)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the 'h' (it must be silent).
Confusing the nasal 'en' sound (it is not nasal here, it's a plain 'n').
Making the 'a' too long or too short.
Forgetting the final 'n' sound.
Pronouncing it like 'alien'.

難易度

読解 3/5

Easy to recognize, but metaphorical uses require context.

ライティング 4/5

Tricky spelling with the mute 'h' and feminine gender with 'mon'.

スピーキング 3/5

Pronunciation is easy once you ignore the 'h'.

リスニング 3/5

Can be confused with 'souffle' if not listening carefully.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

bouche air sentir froid dents

次に学ぶ

souffle haleter poumons respiration odeur

上級

méphitique fétide halitose exhalaison embaumé

知っておくべき文法

Mute H (H muet)

L'haleine (not La haleine).

Possessive Adjectives with Vowels

Mon haleine (not Ma haleine).

Adjective Agreement

Une haleine fraîche (feminine agreement).

Prepositional Phrases

De longue haleine vs À bout d'haleine.

Elision

L'haleine (the 'e' of 'la' is dropped).

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

レベル別の例文

J'ai une bonne haleine.

I have good breath.

Note the use of 'mon' if you said 'mon haleine' because it starts with a vowel.

Elle a une mauvaise haleine.

She has bad breath.

'Haleine' is feminine, so 'mauvaise' is the feminine form of 'mauvais'.

Il se brosse les dents pour l'haleine.

He brushes his teeth for his breath.

'L'haleine' uses the elided article 'l'' because of the mute 'h'.

Tu as l'haleine fraîche.

You have fresh breath.

'Fraîche' is the feminine form of 'frais'.

L'haleine sent la menthe.

The breath smells like mint.

The verb 'sentir' is used to describe the smell of the breath.

Mon haleine est propre.

My breath is clean.

Use 'mon' (masculine) even though 'haleine' is feminine.

Le bébé a une douce haleine.

The baby has sweet breath.

'Douce' is the feminine of 'doux'.

L'haleine est importante.

Breath is important.

General statement using the definite article 'L''.

On voit l'haleine quand il fait froid.

We see the breath when it's cold.

The verb 'voir' (to see) is used here.

Il est arrivé à bout d'haleine.

He arrived out of breath.

'À bout d'haleine' is a common fixed expression.

L'haleine du chien sent fort.

The dog's breath smells strong.

'Sentir fort' means to have a strong smell.

Elle a couru à perte d'haleine.

She ran until she was out of breath.

'À perte d'haleine' emphasizes the intensity of the action.

L'haleine chaude du chat me réveille.

The cat's warm breath wakes me up.

'Chaude' agrees with the feminine 'haleine'.

Il retient son haleine sous l'eau.

He holds his breath underwater.

While 'souffle' is more common here, 'haleine' can be used for the air held.

Son haleine sentait l'ail.

His breath smelled of garlic.

Imperfect tense 'sentait' for description.

Prends un bonbon pour ton haleine.

Take a candy for your breath.

Imperative mood 'Prends'.

Ce film nous tient en haleine.

This film keeps us in suspense.

'Tenir en haleine' is a figurative expression meaning 'to keep in suspense'.

C'est un travail de longue haleine.

It is a long-term task.

'De longue haleine' means requiring long-term effort.

L'haleine du vent agitait les feuilles.

The breath of the wind stirred the leaves.

Poetic use of 'haleine' for a light breeze.

Il a retrouvé son haleine après le sprint.

He got his breath back after the sprint.

'Retrouver son haleine' means to recover one's breath.

Le suspense nous a tenus en haleine.

The suspense kept us on the edge of our seats.

Past participle agreement: 'tenus' agrees with 'nous'.

Elle rit à perte d'haleine.

She laughs breathlessly.

Used to describe the intensity of laughter.

L'haleine fraîche du matin est agréable.

The fresh breath of the morning is pleasant.

Metaphorical use for the morning air.

Il parle à bout d'haleine.

He speaks out of breath.

Indicates speaking while physically exhausted.

La réforme est un projet de longue haleine.

The reform is a long-term project.

Applied to political or institutional contexts.

L'haleine fétide de la créature l'effrayait.

The creature's foul breath frightened him.

'Fétide' is a sophisticated word for 'stinking'.

Le livre tient le lecteur en haleine dès la première page.

The book keeps the reader in suspense from the first page.

Standard literary review phrase.

Il sentit l'haleine chaude de son poursuivant.

He felt his pursuer's warm breath.

Used to create a sense of immediate danger.

Cette entreprise demande une haleine de coureur de fond.

This undertaking requires the stamina of a long-distance runner.

Metaphorical use for endurance.

L'haleine de la mer apportait une odeur de sel.

The breath of the sea brought a smell of salt.

Personification of the sea.

Il était à bout d'haleine après avoir gravi les marches.

He was out of breath after climbing the steps.

Physical description of exertion.

Le récit, haletant, nous tenait en haleine.

The panting narrative kept us in suspense.

'Haletant' is an adjective related to 'haleine'.

L'haleine de la forêt était lourde d'humidité.

The breath of the forest was heavy with humidity.

Highly descriptive, literary usage.

C'est une œuvre de longue haleine qui a duré dix ans.

It is a long-term work that lasted ten years.

Emphasizes the duration and effort of a masterpiece.

Le dénouement a tenu tout l'auditoire en haleine.

The ending kept the entire audience in suspense.

Formal term for audience: 'auditoire'.

L'haleine de l'histoire souffle sur ce monument.

The breath of history blows upon this monument.

Abstract metaphorical usage.

Il s'arrêta, à bout d'haleine, pour contempler le paysage.

He stopped, out of breath, to contemplate the landscape.

Using physical state to punctuate a narrative moment.

L'haleine embaumée des jardins d'Orient.

The balmy breath of Oriental gardens.

'Embaumé' means filled with a sweet scent.

Le rythme effréné du poème nous laisse sans haleine.

The frantic rhythm of the poem leaves us breathless.

'Sans haleine' is used here for rhetorical effect.

Une haleine de liberté parcourait le pays.

A breath of freedom was traveling through the country.

Metaphor for a social or political shift.

L'haleine méphitique des marais stagnants.

The noxious breath of the stagnant marshes.

'Méphitique' is a very advanced word for foul-smelling/toxic.

L'auteur excelle à tenir en haleine ses lecteurs par des ellipses savantes.

The author excels at keeping his readers in suspense through clever ellipses.

Technical literary criticism.

Ce fut une entreprise de si longue haleine que beaucoup abandonnèrent.

It was such a long-term undertaking that many gave up.

Use of 'si... que' for consequence.

Sentir l'haleine de la mort sur sa nuque.

To feel the breath of death on one's neck.

A powerful, dark metaphor for imminent danger.

L'haleine de la fournaise nous frappa au visage.

The breath of the furnace hit us in the face.

Metaphorical use for intense heat.

Une haleine de renouveau printanier purifiait l'atmosphère.

A breath of spring renewal was purifying the atmosphere.

Complex abstract personification.

À perte d'haleine, il déclamait ses vers sous la lune.

Breathlessly, he recited his verses under the moon.

Combining physical intensity with artistic expression.

L'haleine de la foule montait vers la tribune.

The breath of the crowd rose toward the platform.

Describing the collective presence of a multitude.

よく使う組み合わせ

mauvaise haleine

haleine fraîche

à bout d'haleine

tenir en haleine

de longue haleine

à perte d'haleine

haleine fétide

reprendre haleine

perdre l'haleine

haleine matinale

よく使うフレーズ

Avoir l'haleine qui sent...

— To have breath that smells like something specific.

Il a l'haleine qui sent l'alcool.

Garder son haleine

— To save one's breath (often literal, sometimes figurative).

Garde ton haleine pour la montée.

Une haleine de chacal

— Slang for extremely bad breath.

Le matin, il a une haleine de chacal.

Rendre l'haleine

— An archaic/literary way to say 'to die' (to give up the ghost).

Il a rendu l'haleine à l'aube.

Être en haleine

— To be in a state of suspense or readiness.

Le public était en haleine.

Mettre en haleine

— To warm someone up or get them ready for an effort.

Cet exercice met les muscles en haleine.

D'une seule haleine

— In one breath; without stopping.

Il a raconté son histoire d'une seule haleine.

Haleine de poney

— Informal/humorous way to describe bad breath.

J'ai une haleine de poney ce matin.

L'haleine du dragon

— Often used to describe very spicy food or very bad breath.

Ce piment te donne l'haleine du dragon.

Sentir l'haleine de quelqu'un

— To feel or smell someone's breath, implying closeness.

Je sentais son haleine sur ma joue.

よく混同される語

l'haleine vs souffle

Haleine is the air/smell; souffle is the act/strength of breathing.

l'haleine vs baleine

Phonetically similar, but 'baleine' means whale.

l'haleine vs aliène

Phonetically similar, but 'aliène' refers to alienation or insanity.

慣用句と表現

"Tenir en haleine"

— To keep someone in suspense or maintain their interest intensely.

Le suspense de ce film tient le spectateur en haleine.

neutral

"De longue haleine"

— Refers to a task requiring long-term effort, patience, and endurance.

La restauration de ce château est un travail de longue haleine.

formal/neutral

"À bout d'haleine"

— To be completely exhausted or out of breath from physical effort.

Il a gravi les cinq étages et il est arrivé à bout d'haleine.

neutral

"À perte d'haleine"

— To do something (run, laugh, talk) until one can no longer breathe.

Ils ont ri à perte d'haleine devant cette comédie.

neutral

"Reprendre haleine"

— To stop an activity to catch one's breath or recover energy.

Faisons une pause pour reprendre haleine.

neutral

"Perdre haleine"

— To lose one's breath, usually due to sudden effort or shock.

Il a perdu haleine en voyant l'accident.

neutral

"D'une haleine"

— Doing something without any interruption, in one go.

Il a lu le livre d'une haleine.

literary

"Discours de longue haleine"

— A very long and potentially tedious speech.

Le ministre a fait un discours de longue haleine.

neutral

"Mettre quelqu'un en haleine"

— To prepare someone for an effort or to keep them waiting with interest.

Le professeur a mis ses élèves en haleine avec une devinette.

neutral

"Tout d'une haleine"

— Equivalent to 'd'une seule haleine', emphasizing the lack of pause.

Elle a bu son verre tout d'une haleine.

neutral

間違えやすい

l'haleine vs souffle

Both translate to 'breath' in English.

Haleine is the gas/odor; souffle is the power/action.

Il a du souffle (stamina) vs Il a l'haleine fraîche (smell).

l'haleine vs respiration

Related to breathing.

Respiration is the biological process; haleine is the result.

Sa respiration est rapide.

l'haleine vs vent

Both involve moving air.

Vent is atmospheric; haleine is usually organic (or personified).

Le vent souffle fort.

l'haleine vs odeur

Haleine often refers to smell.

Odeur is general; haleine is specific to the mouth/nose.

L'odeur de la cuisine.

l'haleine vs âme

In archaic contexts, breath and soul were linked.

Âme is the soul; haleine is physical.

L'âme humaine.

文型パターン

J'ai [adjective] haleine.

J'ai une bonne haleine.

Être à bout d'[noun].

Je suis à bout d'haleine.

Tenir [object] en haleine.

Le match nous tient en haleine.

Un travail de [adjective] haleine.

C'est un travail de longue haleine.

Rire à [noun] d'haleine.

Rire à perte d'haleine.

L'haleine de [noun]...

L'haleine du vent était douce.

[Adjective] haleine de [noun].

L'haleine méphitique du marais.

Reprendre [noun].

Il s'arrête pour reprendre haleine.

語族

名詞

動詞

形容詞

使い方

frequency

Common in daily hygiene and media/reviews.

よくある間違い

ma haleine → mon haleine
Feminine nouns starting with a vowel use 'mon' for phonetic reasons.
J'ai un mauvais souffle. → J'ai mauvaise haleine.
Souffle refers to the act of breathing, not the smell.
un projet à longue haleine → un projet de longue haleine
The correct preposition for this idiom is 'de'.
Le livre a tenu en haleine. → Le livre m'a tenu en haleine.
The expression 'tenir en haleine' needs a direct object (me, te, le, nous, etc.).
pronouncing the H → /alɛn/
The H is mute in French; never pronounce it.

ヒント

The 'Mon' Rule

Always use 'mon haleine'. Even though the word is feminine, 'ma haleine' is incorrect because of the vowel start.

Haleine vs Souffle

If you are talking about hygiene, use 'haleine'. If you are talking about sports capacity, usually use 'souffle'.

Suspense

Use 'tenir en haleine' when talking about your favorite Netflix series.

Silent H

Ignore the 'H' completely. It's 'a-LENN'.

Social Cues

If someone offers you a mint in France, they might be subtly telling you about your 'haleine'.

Poetic Flair

Use 'l'haleine du soir' to describe a gentle evening breeze in a story.

Common Pairs

'Haleine fraîche' is the standard goal of toothpaste ads.

Endurance

'De longue haleine' is perfect for describing your French learning journey!

Identify the word

In movies, if you hear 'haleine', look for someone running or a tense scene.

Intensity

Use 'à perte d'haleine' to describe laughing so hard you can't breathe.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Haleine' as 'A-Lane' of air coming out of your mouth. It's the path (lane) your breath takes.

視覚的連想

Imagine a dragon with fire coming out of its mouth. That fire is its 'haleine' (breath).

Word Web

bouche dents menthe froid ail souffle suspense marathon

チャレンジ

Try to use 'tenir en haleine' and 'de longue haleine' in the same paragraph about a book you recently read.

語源

Derived from the Old French 'aleine', which comes from the Latin 'anhelare', meaning 'to pant' or 'to breathe with difficulty'.

元の意味： The act of panting or the air produced while breathing heavily.

Romance (Latin root).

文化的な背景

Be careful when telling someone they have 'mauvaise haleine'; it is a very sensitive topic in French culture.

English speakers often use 'breath' for everything. In French, you must separate 'breath as smell' (haleine) from 'breath as power' (souffle).

À bout de souffle (Film by Jean-Luc Godard - though uses 'souffle') Le Parfum (Patrick Süskind - descriptions of breath/scent) French dental hygiene commercials (Signal, Colgate).

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Morning Routine

se brosser les dents
haleine fraîche
bain de bouche
dentifrice

Sports

être à bout d'haleine
reprendre haleine
courir vite
effort physique

Cinema/Literature

tenir en haleine
suspense
intrigue
histoire passionnante

Winter

voir son haleine
froid glacial
buée
air froid

Cooking

haleine d'ail
oignon
sentir fort
épices

会話のきっかけ

"Est-ce que tu as déjà vu un film qui t'a tenu en haleine jusqu'à la fin ?"

"Quels sont tes conseils pour garder une haleine fraîche toute la journée ?"

"Penses-tu que l'apprentissage d'une langue est un travail de longue haleine ?"

"As-tu déjà couru à perte d'haleine pour attraper un bus ou un train ?"

"Que fais-tu quand tu es à bout d'haleine après un exercice physique ?"

日記のテーマ

Décrivez un moment où un livre ou un film vous a tenu en haleine. Pourquoi était-ce si captivant ?

Racontez une expérience sportive où vous vous êtes retrouvé à bout d'haleine.

Pensez à un projet de longue haleine que vous avez terminé. Quels ont été les défis ?

Décrivez les sensations de l'hiver, y compris le fait de voir votre haleine dans l'air froid.

Pourquoi l'hygiène de l'haleine est-elle importante dans les interactions sociales selon vous ?

よくある質問

10 問

It is feminine (une haleine). However, you must use 'mon' instead of 'ma' because it starts with a vowel sound.

Use 'haleine' for the smell or the air itself (e.g., bad breath). Use 'souffle' for the act of breathing or stamina (e.g., out of breath during a run, though 'à bout d'haleine' is an exception).

No, that is a mistake. You must say 'mon haleine' to make the pronunciation smoother (liaison).

It means to keep someone in suspense or very interested, like a good movie or book.

The most common way is 'mauvaise haleine'.

No, it is a 'mute H' (H muet). You start the word with the 'A' sound.

Use it when you are physically exhausted and gasping for air, like after running up stairs.

Yes, but only in poetic contexts (e.g., 'l'haleine du vent'). In normal speech, use 'le vent' or 'le souffle du vent'.

It is a project that takes a long time and requires a lot of persistent effort.

The medical term is 'l'halitose'.

無料登録してヒントとメモを見る