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B1 verb #6,000 よく出る 3分で読める

se gâter

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se gâter 30秒で

  • To spoil (food) or turn bad (weather).
  • Used for food that's no longer edible.
  • Also for weather that becomes unpleasant.
  • A common reflexive verb in French.

The French verb se gâter is a reflexive verb that has two primary meanings, both related to deterioration or spoiling. The most common usage refers to things that spoil or go bad, particularly food. For instance, milk can spoil, or fruit can go bad. It can also be used to describe the weather becoming worse, like a pleasant day turning rainy or stormy. This second meaning is often used when discussing outdoor plans or events.

When discussing food, se gâter implies a loss of freshness and edibility. It’s a natural process that happens when food is left out too long or is past its expiration date. For example, if you forget to refrigerate leftovers, they will likely se gâter. The verb captures the idea of something becoming ruined or no longer fit for consumption.

In the context of weather, se gâter signifies a change for the worse. A beautiful sunny morning might se gâter into an afternoon downpour. This is a very common expression used in everyday conversation when people are checking the weather forecast or observing the sky. It’s a vivid way to describe an unfavorable shift in meteorological conditions. For example, if you planned a picnic and the sky darkens ominously, you might say, 'Il semble que le temps va se gâter.' (It looks like the weather is going to turn bad.)

The reflexive nature of the verb (indicated by 'se') is crucial. It means the action is done to oneself or affects oneself. In the case of food, the food itself is undergoing the process of spoiling. For the weather, it's the atmospheric conditions that are changing negatively. Understanding this reflexive aspect helps in forming correct sentences and grasping the nuances of its usage. It’s a versatile verb that adds descriptive power to French conversations, whether you're talking about your groceries or your weekend plans.

Le lait a commencé à se gâter dans le réfrigérateur.

Le temps risque de se gâter cet après-midi, alors prenons nos parapluies.

Food Spoilage
This is probably the most frequent use. It describes food that is no longer fresh or edible. Think of milk, fruits, vegetables, or even leftovers.
Weather Deterioration
When the weather changes from good to bad, for example, from sunny to rainy or stormy. This is common when discussing outdoor activities.

Using se gâter correctly involves understanding its reflexive nature and the context. Here are several ways to incorporate it into your French sentences, covering both food and weather scenarios. The reflexive pronoun (me, te, se, nous, vous, se) is essential and must agree with the subject of the verb.

For Food Spoilage:

When talking about food that has gone bad, you’ll typically use the third-person singular 'il' or 'elle' (referring to the food item) with the reflexive pronoun 'se'. For example:

Les fruits dans le panier ont commencé à se gâter.

Translation: The fruits in the basket have started to spoil.

Si tu ne mets pas le gâteau au frais, il va se gâter rapidement.

Translation: If you don't put the cake in the fridge, it will spoil quickly.

For Weather Deterioration:

When discussing the weather, you often use the impersonal pronoun 'il' or talk about the general situation. The reflexive pronoun remains 'se'.

Le ciel s'assombrit, je crois que le temps va se gâter.

Translation: The sky is darkening, I think the weather is going to turn bad.

Nous avions prévu un pique-nique, mais il a commencé à se gâter.

Translation: We had planned a picnic, but it started to turn bad (weather-wise).

With Different Tenses:

Passé Composé:

La nourriture s'est gâtée pendant le voyage.

Translation: The food spoiled during the trip.

Futur Simple:

Attention, le temps va se gâter demain.

Translation: Be careful, the weather will turn bad tomorrow.

Imparfait:

Il pleuvait déjà et le vent commençait à se gâter.

Translation: It was already raining and the wind was starting to get stronger/worse.

Subject-Verb Agreement
The reflexive pronoun must always agree with the subject: je me gâte, tu te gâtes, il/elle/on se gâte, nous nous gâtons, vous vous gâtez, ils/elles se gâtent.
Context is Key
The meaning is derived from whether you are talking about food or weather. The grammatical structure remains consistent.

You'll encounter se gâter frequently in everyday French conversations, especially in contexts related to food and weather. Its commonality makes it a valuable verb for learners aiming for natural-sounding French.

In the Kitchen and Grocery Store:

This is where se gâter is perhaps most universally understood. People will use it when:

  • Checking the freshness of food: 'Est-ce que ce yaourt a commencé à se gâter ?' (Has this yogurt started to spoil?)
  • Discussing leftovers: 'J'ai peur que les restes de poulet se soient gâtés.' (I'm afraid the chicken leftovers have spoiled.)
  • Giving advice about food storage: 'Il faut manger ces fraises vite, elles vont se gâter.' (You need to eat these strawberries quickly, they will spoil.)
  • At the market, asking about produce: 'Ces pêches sont encore bonnes ou elles vont se gâter bientôt ?' (Are these peaches still good or will they spoil soon?)

When Talking About the Weather:

The weather context is also very common, especially in regions with variable climates. You'll hear it when:

  • Commenting on the sky: 'Regarde ces nuages noirs, le temps va se gâter.' (Look at those black clouds, the weather is going to turn bad.)
  • Planning outdoor activities: 'On avait prévu d'aller à la plage, mais il semble que le temps va se gâter.' (We had planned to go to the beach, but it looks like the weather is going to turn bad.)
  • Reacting to sudden changes: 'Il faisait beau il y a une heure, et maintenant ça commence à se gâter.' (It was nice an hour ago, and now it's starting to get bad.)
  • Discussing forecasts: 'La météo annonce que le temps va se gâter pour le week-end.' (The weather forecast says the weather will turn bad for the weekend.)

In Media and Literature:

You will also find se gâter in written French, such as in:

  • Newspaper articles about weather patterns or food safety.
  • Novels and stories describing a scene or a character's mood (metaphorically, though less common for this specific verb).
  • Recipes warning about spoilage.
Everyday Conversations
This verb is part of the daily lexicon for both native speakers and intermediate learners. Its frequent use in practical situations makes it easy to pick up.
Practical Situations
Whether you are at the market, discussing your meal plans, or checking the forecast, you will hear and use 'se gâter'.

While se gâter is a common verb, learners sometimes make errors, often related to its reflexive nature or confusion with similar-sounding words. Being aware of these potential pitfalls can help you use it more accurately.

1. Forgetting the Reflexive Pronoun:

This is the most frequent mistake. Since se gâter is a reflexive verb, it requires a reflexive pronoun (me, te, se, nous, vous, se) that agrees with the subject. Omitting it changes the meaning or makes the sentence grammatically incorrect.

Incorrect: Le lait gâte.

Correct: Le lait se gâte.

2. Using 'gâter' (non-reflexive) incorrectly:

The non-reflexive verb 'gâter' means 'to spoil' someone (like a child) or 'to ruin' something (like a surprise). It's important not to confuse it with 'se gâter' which refers to food spoiling or weather worsening.

Incorrect: Le temps gâte le pique-nique. (This implies the weather is actively ruining the picnic, which is less natural than 'se gâter' for weather change.)

Correct: Le temps va se gâter. (The weather is going to turn bad.)

Incorrect: J'ai gâté le gâteau. (This means 'I ruined the cake', not that the cake itself spoiled.)

Correct: Le gâteau s'est gâté. (The cake spoiled.)

3. Incorrect Verb Conjugation:

Like any verb, se gâter needs to be conjugated correctly according to the tense and subject. Mistakes can happen with auxiliary verbs in compound tenses or with the agreement of the past participle (though 'se gâter' with a preceding direct object pronoun is rare, so agreement is usually straightforward with 'être').

Incorrect: Nous nous sommes gâtés. (Unless the 'nous' refers to multiple people spoiling themselves, which is unlikely in this context.)

Correct: Nous nous gâtons. (Present tense, 'we are spoiling ourselves' - not the intended meaning) OR Le temps s'est gâté. (The weather worsened - using 'être' as auxiliary for reflexive verbs.)

Reflexive Pronoun
Always remember the 'se' and ensure it matches the subject (me, te, se, nous, vous, se).
Non-Reflexive vs. Reflexive
Distinguish between 'gâter' (to spoil someone/ruin something) and 'se gâter' (food spoiling, weather worsening).
Conjugation Practice
Practice conjugating 'se gâter' in various tenses to solidify your understanding.

While se gâter is the most common verb for food spoilage and weather deterioration, French offers other words that can convey similar meanings, sometimes with slightly different nuances or in more specific contexts. Understanding these alternatives can enrich your vocabulary and provide more precise ways to express yourself.

For Food Spoilage:

Périmer
This verb specifically refers to food passing its expiry date, becoming unfit for consumption due to time. It's more technical than se gâter.
Example: Les yaourts ont périmé hier. (The yogurts expired yesterday.)
Comparison: 'Se gâter' can happen before the expiry date if food is stored improperly, while 'périmer' is strictly about the date. A food item can se gâter without having périmé.
Tourner
This verb can mean 'to turn' but also 'to go bad' for liquids like milk or wine. It's a more informal and sometimes more specific term.
Example: Le lait a tourné. (The milk has gone bad/turned.)
Comparison: 'Tourner' is often used for liquids that curdle or develop an off-taste. 'Se gâter' is more general for any food spoilage.
Se corrompre
This is a more formal or literary term for 'to rot' or 'to become corrupt'. It can apply to food but also has moral or ethical connotations.
Example: La chair s'est corrompue. (The flesh has rotted.)
Comparison: 'Se corrompre' is much stronger and often implies decay or putrefaction, less common for everyday food spoilage than 'se gâter'.

For Weather Deterioration:

Se dégrader
This is a very close synonym for se gâter when referring to weather. It means 'to degrade' or 'to worsen'.
Example: La situation météorologique se dégrade rapidement. (The meteorological situation is rapidly worsening.)
Comparison: 'Se dégrader' is slightly more formal and can apply to broader environmental or situational declines, while 'se gâter' is more commonly used for immediate, noticeable weather changes.
Se couvrir
This literally means 'to become covered', and in a weather context, it refers to the sky becoming overcast with clouds. It implies the start of bad weather but doesn't mean the weather has fully deteriorated yet.
Example: Le ciel commence à se couvrir. (The sky is starting to become overcast.)
Comparison: 'Se couvrir' describes the visual change (clouds appearing), while 'se gâter' describes the overall negative change in weather conditions (rain, wind, storm).
Se détériorer
Similar to 'se dégrader', this means 'to deteriorate'. It's a general term that can apply to weather, but also to health, objects, etc.
Example: La visibilité s'est détériorée à cause du brouillard. (Visibility deteriorated due to the fog.)
Comparison: 'Se détériorer' is a broader term for worsening conditions. 'Se gâter' is more specific to the common understanding of bad weather or spoiled food.
Pourrir
This verb means 'to rot' and is a stronger, more visceral term for decay, often used for organic matter.
Example: Les pommes oubliées pourrissent sur l'arbre. (The forgotten apples are rotting on the tree.)
Comparison: 'Pourrir' implies a more advanced stage of decay than 'se gâter'. You wouldn't typically say milk is 'pourrir', but it can definitely 'se gâter'.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

While 'se gâter' is common for food and weather, the non-reflexive 'gâter' has a related meaning of 'to spoil' children, which is also a common usage. This dual meaning of spoiling things or people stems from the same root.

発音ガイド

UK /sə ɡɑ.te/
US /sə ɡɑˈteɪ/
The stress is on the last syllable: se gâ-TER.
韻が合う語
aimer parler manger chanter danser jouer travailler écouter
よくある間違い
  • Pronouncing 'gâ' like 'go' or 'ga'.
  • Omitting the reflexive pronoun 'se'.
  • Incorrectly pronouncing the final 'é' sound.

難易度

読解 3/5

The verb itself is straightforward, but understanding its dual meaning (food vs. weather) and its reflexive nature requires attention. Recognizing it in context is key.

ライティング 3/5

Correctly conjugating the reflexive verb and choosing the right context (food or weather) are the main challenges for learners.

スピーキング 3/5

Producing the reflexive pronoun and the correct verb form naturally takes practice. The two main meanings are easily understood once heard.

リスニング 2/5

The pronunciation is relatively clear, and the context (food or weather) usually makes the meaning obvious.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

lait temps manger nourriture soleil pluie froid chaud jour nuit

次に学ぶ

périmer se dégrader avarier pourrir se conserver

上級

altération détérioration conditions météorologiques durée de conservation chaîne du froid

知っておくべき文法

Reflexive Verbs

Verbs like 'se gâter' require a reflexive pronoun (me, te, se, nous, vous, se) that agrees with the subject. 'Je me lève' (I get up), 'Il se lave' (He washes himself).

Passé Composé with 'être'

Reflexive verbs in the passé composé use 'être' as the auxiliary verb. 'Elle s'est lavée' (She washed herself). For 'se gâter', it's 'Le pain s'est gâté.'

Futur Proche

The near future tense (aller + infinitive) is commonly used for immediate future events, including weather predictions. 'Le temps va se gâter.'

Impersonal 'il'

When talking about weather, the impersonal pronoun 'il' is often used. 'Il pleut' (It's raining), 'Il va se gâter' (It's going to turn bad).

Subjunctive after expressions of doubt/fear

While not directly with 'se gâter', expressions like 'J'ai peur que...' trigger the subjunctive. 'J'ai peur que le temps ne se gâte.' (I'm afraid the weather will turn bad.)

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レベル別の例文

1

Le lait se gâte.

The milk is going bad.

2

Le temps va se gâter.

The weather is going to turn bad.

3

Les fruits se gâtent.

The fruits are spoiling.

4

Le pain se gâte.

The bread is going bad.

5

Attention, ça se gâte !

Be careful, it's getting bad!

6

La nourriture se gâte.

The food is spoiling.

7

Il pleut et le temps se gâte.

It's raining and the weather is getting worse.

8

Ne mange pas ça, ça va se gâter.

Don't eat that, it's going to spoil.

1

J'ai oublié de mettre le fromage au réfrigérateur, il va se gâter.

I forgot to put the cheese in the refrigerator, it's going to spoil.

2

Le ciel est devenu tout gris, le temps risque de se gâter.

The sky has become all grey, the weather is likely to turn bad.

3

Ces fraises sont trop mûres, elles vont bientôt se gâter.

These strawberries are too ripe, they will soon spoil.

4

Nous avons dû annuler le pique-nique parce que le temps a commencé à se gâter.

We had to cancel the picnic because the weather started to turn bad.

5

Si tu laisses ce gâteau dehors, il va se gâter.

If you leave this cake outside, it will spoil.

6

J'espère que le temps ne va pas se gâter pendant nos vacances.

I hope the weather doesn't turn bad during our vacation.

7

Le lait a une drôle d'odeur, il doit se gâter.

The milk has a funny smell, it must be spoiling.

8

Il est trop tard pour sortir, le temps s'est vraiment gâté.

It's too late to go out, the weather has really turned bad.

1

Il faut jeter ces légumes, ils ont commencé à se gâter.

We must throw away these vegetables, they have started to spoil.

2

La météo annonce que le temps va se gâter cet après-midi avec des orages.

The weather forecast announces that the weather will turn bad this afternoon with thunderstorms.

3

Je suis déçu car le beau temps que nous avions espéré s'est gâté.

I am disappointed because the good weather we had hoped for has turned bad.

4

Si vous laissez la nourriture à température ambiante trop longtemps, elle risque de se gâter.

If you leave food at room temperature for too long, it risks spoiling.

5

Le vent s'est levé et le ciel s'est couvert, le temps va se gâter.

The wind picked up and the sky became overcast, the weather is going to turn bad.

6

Ce fromage a un goût un peu fort, j'espère qu'il ne s'est pas encore gâté.

This cheese has a slightly strong taste, I hope it hasn't spoiled yet.

7

La journée avait bien commencé, mais le temps s'est complètement gâté en début d'après-midi.

The day had started well, but the weather turned completely bad in the early afternoon.

8

Il ne faut pas laisser les provisions se gâter, nous devons les consommer rapidement.

We must not let the provisions spoil, we need to consume them quickly.

1

Nous avons dû modifier notre itinéraire car le temps s'est subitement gâté en montagne.

We had to change our itinerary because the weather suddenly turned bad in the mountains.

2

L'humidité ambiante a provoqué le développement de moisissures, faisant se gâter les denrées alimentaires.

The ambient humidity caused mold to develop, making the food items spoil.

3

Malgré les prévisions optimistes, le temps a commencé à se gâter dès le milieu de la matinée.

Despite the optimistic forecasts, the weather began to turn bad from mid-morning.

4

Il est essentiel de respecter la chaîne du froid pour éviter que les produits laitiers ne se gâtent.

It is essential to respect the cold chain to prevent dairy products from spoiling.

5

La canicule a favorisé le rapide gâchage des fruits et légumes non conservés au frais.

The heatwave favored the rapid spoilage of fruits and vegetables not kept cool.

6

Les conditions météorologiques se sont rapidement dégradées, annonçant un temps qui allait se gâter.

The meteorological conditions rapidly deteriorated, announcing weather that was going to turn bad.

7

Il est regrettable que le temps se soit gâté juste avant le début du festival.

It is regrettable that the weather turned bad just before the start of the festival.

8

La préservation des aliments est cruciale pour empêcher qu'ils ne se gâtent et ne deviennent impropres à la consommation.

Food preservation is crucial to prevent them from spoiling and becoming unfit for consumption.

1

Les variations climatiques récentes ont une incidence sur la durée de conservation des denrées alimentaires, accélérant leur tendance à se gâter.

Recent climatic variations have an impact on the shelf life of foodstuffs, accelerating their tendency to spoil.

2

L'ouragan a entraîné une détérioration significative des conditions, le temps se gâtant au point de rendre toute activité extérieure périlleuse.

The hurricane led to a significant deterioration of conditions, the weather worsening to the point of making any outdoor activity perilous.

3

Compte tenu de l'instabilité atmosphérique, il était prévisible que le temps se gâterait au cours de la journée.

Given the atmospheric instability, it was predictable that the weather would turn bad during the day.

4

La négligence dans la gestion des stocks a conduit à un gaspillage considérable, de nombreux produits ayant commencé à se gâter.

Negligence in stock management led to considerable waste, with many products having begun to spoil.

5

Les perturbations météorologiques persistantes ont compromis le succès de l'événement, le temps s'étant gâté de manière prolongée.

The persistent meteorological disturbances compromised the success of the event, the weather having turned bad for a prolonged period.

6

Il est impératif de manipuler ces substances fragiles avec soin, car elles peuvent facilement se gâter sous l'effet de l'air ou de la lumière.

It is imperative to handle these fragile substances with care, as they can easily spoil under the effect of air or light.

7

L'arrivée d'une dépression a marqué un tournant, le temps se gâtant inexorablement vers une tempête.

The arrival of a depression marked a turning point, the weather inexorably worsening towards a storm.

8

La conservation inadéquate des denrées périssables dans les pays en développement représente un défi majeur, entraînant une dégradation rapide et le gâchage des aliments.

Inadequate preservation of perishable goods in developing countries represents a major challenge, leading to rapid deterioration and food spoilage.

1

L'altération des conditions environnementales, exacerbated by anthropogenic factors, invariably leads to the premature spoilage of perishable goods.

The alteration of environmental conditions, exacerbated by anthropogenic factors, invariably leads to the premature spoilage of perishable goods.

2

The meteorological forecast indicated a swift deterioration, portending a significant turn for the worse in the prevailing weather patterns.

The meteorological forecast indicated a swift deterioration, portending a significant turn for the worse in the prevailing weather patterns.

3

The insidious creep of decay, often imperceptible in its nascent stages, ultimately results in the complete despoilage of the organic matter.

The insidious creep of decay, often imperceptible in its nascent stages, ultimately results in the complete despoilage of the organic matter.

4

The capricious nature of the climate system suggests that periods of fair weather are often ephemeral, giving way to inclement conditions with alarming rapidity.

The capricious nature of the climate system suggests that periods of fair weather are often ephemeral, giving way to inclement conditions with alarming rapidity.

5

Instances of foodborne illness are frequently attributable to the failure to adhere to stringent preservation protocols, thereby permitting the proliferation of deleterious microorganisms.

Instances of foodborne illness are frequently attributable to the failure to adhere to stringent preservation protocols, thereby permitting the proliferation of deleterious microorganisms.

6

The prolonged exposure to adverse atmospheric phenomena invariably precipitates a decline in the quality and edibility of foodstuffs.

The prolonged exposure to adverse atmospheric phenomena invariably precipitates a decline in the quality and edibility of foodstuffs.

7

The foreboding sky, a harbinger of impending meteorological upheaval, signaled an abrupt and unwelcome transformation of the otherwise placid conditions.

The foreboding sky, a harbinger of impending meteorological upheaval, signaled an abrupt and unwelcome transformation of the otherwise placid conditions.

8

The economic ramifications of widespread food spoilage are substantial, impacting agricultural yields, supply chains, and consumer accessibility.

The economic ramifications of widespread food spoilage are substantial, impacting agricultural yields, supply chains, and consumer accessibility.

よく使う組み合わせ

le temps se gâte
la nourriture se gâte
commencer à se gâter
risquer de se gâter
le temps va se gâter
les provisions se gâtent
le temps s'est gâté
la météo annonce que le temps va se gâter
laisser se gâter
le temps s'est mis à se gâter

よく使うフレーズ

Le temps va se gâter.

— This is a very common way to say the weather is going to turn bad, often implying rain or storms.

Regarde ces nuages noirs, le temps va se gâter.

Ça va se gâter.

— A more general warning that a situation is about to become difficult or unpleasant, not necessarily just weather.

Si tu continues à protester, ça va se gâter pour toi.

Le lait se gâte.

— A straightforward statement that milk is spoiling or has gone bad.

J'ai senti une odeur étrange, le lait se gâte.

J'espère que le temps ne va pas se gâter.

— Expressing hope that the weather will remain good, especially when planning an outdoor activity.

On part en randonnée demain, j'espère que le temps ne va pas se gâter.

Il a commencé à se gâter.

— Used to indicate the beginning of a deterioration, either for food or weather.

La journée avait bien commencé, mais il a commencé à se gâter.

Ne laisse pas la nourriture se gâter.

— An instruction or warning to prevent food from spoiling.

Ne laisse pas la nourriture se gâter, mets-la au réfrigérateur.

Le temps s'est gâté.

— Reporting that the weather has indeed turned bad.

Nous avons dû rentrer tôt car le temps s'est gâté.

Les fruits se gâtent vite.

— An observation about the perishable nature of fruits.

Il faut les manger rapidement, les fruits se gâtent vite.

Attention, ça commence à se gâter.

— A warning that a situation is starting to become problematic or unpleasant.

Les discussions sont tendues, attention, ça commence à se gâter.

Le gâteau s'est gâté.

— A specific statement about a cake spoiling.

J'ai voulu le manger aujourd'hui, mais le gâteau s'est gâté.

よく混同される語

se gâter vs gâter (non-reflexive)

This means 'to spoil' someone (like a child) or 'to ruin' something (like a surprise). It's crucial to distinguish it from 'se gâter' which is about food spoiling or weather worsening.

se gâter vs avarier

'Avarier' is a synonym for spoiling food, but 'se gâter' is more common in everyday speech. 'Avarier' can also mean to damage goods during transport.

se gâter vs périmer

'Périmer' specifically means to expire, referring to the date on food packaging. 'Se gâter' is about the actual process of spoiling, which can happen before or after the expiry date.

慣用句と表現

"Ça va se gâter."

— While literally meaning 'it's going to spoil/worsen', this idiom can be used metaphorically to suggest that a situation is about to become difficult, tense, or lead to trouble.

Si tu continues à contredire le patron, ça va se gâter pour toi.

Informal
"Le temps se gâte."

— This is the most direct and common usage, referring to the weather turning bad. It's so common it functions almost like a set phrase.

On ne pourra pas faire de barbecue, le temps se gâte.

Neutral
"Gâter une surprise."

— This uses the non-reflexive 'gâter' (to spoil/ruin). It means to ruin a surprise or a pleasant occasion.

Il a révélé le cadeau avant l'heure, il a gâté la surprise.

Informal
"Gâter un enfant."

— Again, using the non-reflexive 'gâter', this means to spoil a child by giving them too much and not disciplining them.

Ses parents le gâtent trop, il devient impossible.

Informal
"Se gâter d'une mauvaise habitude."

— To acquire a bad habit. This is a less common but valid usage.

Il s'est gâté d'une mauvaise habitude de procrastination.

Formal
"Le vin a tourné et s'est gâté."

— This emphasizes the spoilage of wine, using both 'tourner' (to turn sour) and 'se gâter' (to spoil).

J'ai ouvert cette bouteille hier, mais le vin a tourné et s'est gâté.

Informal
"Il ne faut pas laisser le pain se gâter."

— A practical instruction to prevent bread from becoming stale or moldy.

Mettez-le dans une boîte hermétique, il ne faut pas laisser le pain se gâter.

Neutral
"Les conditions se gâtent."

— Similar to 'ça va se gâter', this refers to a general worsening of conditions, not strictly weather.

Les négociations se gâtent, il y a beaucoup de désaccord.

Neutral
"La chaleur a fait se gâter les provisions."

— The heat caused the provisions to spoil.

Sans réfrigération, la chaleur a fait se gâter les provisions.

Neutral
"Le temps s'est gâté brusquement."

— The weather turned bad suddenly.

Nous étions en train de marcher quand le temps s'est gâté brusquement.

Neutral

間違えやすい

se gâter vs gâter

Both forms stem from the same root, but their usage is distinct.

'Gâter' (non-reflexive) means to spoil a person or ruin something. 'Se gâter' (reflexive) means for food to spoil or for weather to turn bad. For example, 'Il a gâté la surprise' (He ruined the surprise), versus 'Le gâteau s'est gâté' (The cake spoiled).

Ne gâte pas son plaisir. (Don't spoil his pleasure.) vs. Le temps va se gâter. (The weather is going to turn bad.)

se gâter vs avarier

Both relate to food becoming unfit for consumption.

'Se gâter' is the general, everyday term for food spoiling. 'Avarier' is often used for damage during transport or handling, or can be more formal. 'Les fruits se sont gâtés.' vs. 'Le choc a avarié la marchandise.'

La chaleur a fait se gâter les fruits. (The heat made the fruits spoil.) vs. Le camion a eu un accident et a avarié les légumes. (The truck had an accident and damaged the vegetables.)

se gâter vs périmer

Both relate to food no longer being good.

'Périmer' specifically refers to food passing its expiry date. 'Se gâter' refers to the actual process of spoiling, which can happen due to improper storage even before the expiry date. 'Ce yaourt a périmé hier.' (This yogurt expired yesterday.) vs. 'Ce yaourt s'est gâté parce que je ne l'ai pas mis au frigo.' (This yogurt spoiled because I didn't put it in the fridge.)

Vérifie la date, ce produit va périmer bientôt. (Check the date, this product will expire soon.) vs. Si tu laisses ce plat dehors, il va se gâter. (If you leave this dish out, it will spoil.)

se gâter vs se dégrader

Both mean to worsen, especially for weather.

'Se gâter' is more common and slightly more informal for general weather deterioration. 'Se dégrader' is more formal and can apply to broader situations like environmental conditions or a person's health. 'Le temps va se gâter.' (Weather will turn bad.) vs. 'La qualité de l'air se dégrade.' (Air quality is deteriorating.)

Le ciel s'assombrit, le temps va se gâter. (The sky is darkening, the weather will turn bad.) vs. Les conditions de vie se sont dégradées. (Living conditions have deteriorated.)

se gâter vs pourrir

Both refer to decay and spoilage.

'Pourrir' means to rot, implying a more advanced and often unpleasant stage of decay. 'Se gâter' is a more general term for spoiling. You wouldn't say milk is 'pourrir', but it can 'se gâter'. 'Les vieilles pommes pourrissent.' (Old apples are rotting.) vs. 'Les pommes oubliées se gâtent.' (Forgotten apples are spoiling.)

La matière organique a commencé à pourrir. (The organic matter began to rot.) vs. Le pain est resté trop longtemps dehors et s'est gâté. (The bread stayed out too long and spoiled.)

文型パターン

A1

Subject + se gâte.

Le lait se gâte.

A1

Le temps va se gâter.

Le temps va se gâter.

A2

Subject + va + se gâter.

Ces fruits vont se gâter.

A2

Subject + se + être + gâté(e).

La nourriture s'est gâtée.

B1

Il faut + infinitive + que + Subject + ne + se gâte + pas.

Il faut que le pain ne se gâte pas.

B1

Subject + a commencé à + se gâter.

Le temps a commencé à se gâter.

B2

Compte tenu de + noun, Subject + se + gâtera.

Compte tenu de l'humidité, le pain se gâtera.

C1

Il est impératif que + Subject + ne + se gâte + pas.

Il est impératif que ces provisions ne se gâtent pas.

語族

名詞

gâchis (mess, waste)
gâterie (treat, indulgence - often for children)

動詞

gâter (to spoil, to ruin - non-reflexive)
se gâter (to spoil, to turn bad - reflexive)

関連

détériorer
avarier
périmer
pourrir
se dégrader
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使い方

frequency

Very high

よくある間違い
  • Forgetting the reflexive pronoun 'se'. → Le lait se gâte.

    The verb is reflexive, so the pronoun must be included. 'Le lait gâte' is incorrect.

  • Confusing 'gâter' and 'se gâter'. → Le temps va se gâter.

    'Se gâter' refers to the weather worsening. 'Gâter' (non-reflexive) means to spoil a person or ruin something. 'Le temps gâte' is incorrect.

  • Incorrect past participle agreement in passé composé. → La nourriture s'est gâtée.

    The past participle 'gâté' must agree with the subject 'la nourriture' (feminine singular).

  • Using 'se gâter' for expiry dates. → Le lait a périmé.

    'Périmer' specifically means to expire. 'Se gâter' refers to the actual spoilage process.

  • Using 'se gâter' for a general worsening of conditions. → Les conditions se sont dégradées.

    While 'se gâter' can be used figuratively, 'se dégrader' or 'se détériorer' are more appropriate for formal or broader contexts of deterioration.

ヒント

Reflexive Pronoun is Key

Always remember to include the reflexive pronoun (me, te, se, nous, vous, se) that agrees with the subject. Omitting it will make the sentence incorrect or change the meaning entirely.

Food vs. Weather

The meaning of 'se gâter' is usually clear from the context. If you're talking about milk or fruit, it means spoiling. If you're looking at the sky, it means the weather is turning bad.

Past Participle Agreement

In compound tenses like the passé composé, the past participle 'gâté' agrees with the subject when using 'être' as the auxiliary verb. For example, 'Les pommes se sont gâtées' (feminine plural).

Distinguish from 'Gâter'

Be careful not to confuse 'se gâter' with the non-reflexive verb 'gâter', which means to spoil a person or ruin something. The reflexive pronoun makes all the difference!

Stress the Final Syllable

The stress in 'se gâter' falls on the last syllable: se gâ-TER. This helps native speakers distinguish it clearly.

Use in Sentences

Actively try to create sentences using 'se gâter' in both food and weather contexts. The more you practice, the more natural it will become.

Listen to Native Speakers

Pay attention to how native French speakers use 'se gâter' in movies, podcasts, or conversations. This will help you grasp the nuances and common collocations.

Visual Cues

Associate 'se gâter' with visual images: a moldy piece of bread for food, and dark, stormy clouds for weather. This can aid recall.

Learn Related Terms

Explore synonyms like 'avarier', 'périmer', 'se dégrader', and antonyms like 'se conserver' or 's'améliorer' to build a richer vocabulary around the concept of spoilage and worsening conditions.

Everyday Topics

Since food and weather are universal topics, 'se gâter' is a very practical verb that will be useful in many everyday conversations in French.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine a cat ('chat' in French, sounds a bit like 'gâter') knocking over a carton of milk, causing it to spoil. Or picture a cat sitting on a picnic blanket, looking like it's about to ruin the nice weather.

視覚的連想

Picture a piece of fruit with mold growing on it, or a dark, stormy cloud forming in a bright blue sky.

Word Web

Food Weather Spoil Worsen Deteriorate Perish Rot Bad

チャレンジ

Try to use 'se gâter' at least three times today, once when talking about food, once about weather, and once in a slightly more abstract way if possible.

語源

The verb 'gâter' originates from the Vulgar Latin word 'gattare', likely related to 'gatta' meaning 'cat'. The connection is not entirely clear, but one theory suggests it might relate to cats making a mess or spoiling things. The reflexive form 'se gâter' developed from this base.

元の意味： Initially, 'gâter' meant to damage, corrupt, or spoil. The meaning evolved to include spoiling food and later, the weather turning bad.

Romance languages, from Latin.

文化的な背景

The term is neutral and descriptive. There are no particular sensitivities associated with its use, as it refers to natural processes or everyday occurrences.

In English, we use 'to spoil' for food and 'to turn bad' or 'to worsen' for weather. The French verb 'se gâter' conveniently covers both, making it a useful single term.

Weather forecasts in French media often use 'le temps va se gâter' or similar phrasing. Cookbooks and food blogs frequently warn about food beginning to 'se gâter'. Literature might use 'se gâter' to describe a mood or atmosphere becoming tense, though this is less direct than the literal meanings.

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実際の使用場面

Discussing the weather forecast for the weekend.

  • Le temps va se gâter.
  • J'espère que ça ne va pas se gâter.
  • La météo annonce que le temps va se gâter.

Checking the freshness of food items at home.

  • Le lait se gâte.
  • Ces fruits vont se gâter.
  • Il ne faut pas laisser ça se gâter.

Planning an outdoor event like a picnic or a barbecue.

  • Le temps s'est gâté.
  • Si le temps se gâte, on rentre.
  • Dommage que le temps se soit gâté.

Shopping for groceries and checking expiry dates.

  • Ça va se gâter bientôt.
  • Il ne faut pas que ça se gâte.

Talking about spoiled food that needs to be thrown away.

  • La nourriture s'est gâtée.
  • J'ai peur que ça se soit gâté.

会話のきっかけ

"Quel temps fait-il chez toi aujourd'hui ? Est-ce qu'il risque de se gâter ?"

"As-tu déjà eu une mauvaise expérience avec de la nourriture qui s'est gâtée ?"

"Si le temps se gâte pendant tes vacances, qu'est-ce que tu aimes faire à l'intérieur ?"

"Comment fais-tu pour éviter que tes fruits et légumes ne se gâtent trop vite ?"

"Penses-tu que le changement climatique affecte la façon dont le temps se gâte plus souvent ?"

日記のテーマ

Décris une fois où le temps s'est gâté de manière inattendue et comment cela a affecté tes plans.

Raconte une expérience où tu as dû jeter de la nourriture parce qu'elle s'était gâtée. Qu'as-tu appris de cette situation ?

Imagine un scénario où le temps se gâte complètement pendant un événement important. Comment réagirais-tu ?

Pense à une habitude que tu aimerais changer, comme si c'était quelque chose qui risquait de 'se gâter' dans ta vie.

Écris une courte histoire où le verbe 'se gâter' joue un rôle clé, que ce soit pour la nourriture ou le temps.

よくある質問

10 問

Primarily, yes. Its most common uses are for food spoiling ('le lait se gâte') and the weather turning bad ('le temps va se gâter'). However, in a more figurative sense, it can sometimes be used to describe a situation or atmosphere that is becoming tense or unpleasant, similar to 'ça va mal tourner'.

The key difference is the reflexive pronoun 'se'. 'Gâter' (without 'se') means to spoil someone (like a child) or to ruin something (like a surprise). 'Se gâter' means that the subject itself is spoiling (food) or worsening (weather). For example, 'Il a gâté la fête' (He spoiled the party) vs. 'La fête s'est gâtée' (The party went wrong/turned sour).

You use 'se gâter' when food is no longer fresh or edible. This can be due to time, improper storage, or bacterial growth. For example, 'Ces fraises se gâtent vite' (These strawberries spoil quickly) or 'J'ai peur que le fromage ne se soit gâté' (I'm afraid the cheese has spoiled).

You use 'se gâter' when the weather changes from good to bad. This often implies rain, storms, or increased wind. For example, 'Le ciel est tout gris, le temps va se gâter' (The sky is all grey, the weather is going to turn bad) or 'Nous avons dû rentrer car le temps s'est gâté' (We had to go back inside because the weather turned bad).

Yes, 'se gâter' is a very common and frequently used verb in everyday French, both in spoken and written contexts, due to its relevance to daily life (food and weather).

For food, synonyms include 'avarier', 'pourrir' (to rot), 'tourner' (for liquids), and 'périmer' (to expire). For weather, synonyms include 'se dégrader' and 'se détériorer'. However, 'se gâter' is the most versatile and common term for general spoilage and weather deterioration.

Yes, when using 'être' as the auxiliary in compound tenses (like the passé composé), the past participle 'gâté' agrees in gender and number with the subject. For example, 'La nourriture s'est gâtée' (feminine singular), 'Les fruits se sont gâtés' (masculine plural).

Yes, it can be used metaphorically to describe a situation that is becoming problematic, tense, or unpleasant. For instance, 'Les discussions ont commencé à se gâter' (The discussions started to get tense/sour).

'Se gâter' refers to food spoiling or weather worsening. 'Gâcher' means to spoil or ruin something, often an opportunity, a surprise, or a plan, usually by someone's action. 'Il a gâché la fête' (He ruined the party). 'Se gâter' is about the thing itself deteriorating or the weather changing negatively.

'Se gâter' is a reflexive verb. In the present tense, it's: je me gâte, tu te gâtes, il/elle/on se gâte, nous nous gâtons, vous vous gâtez, ils/elles se gâtent. In the passé composé, it uses 'être': je me suis gâté(e), tu t'es gâté(e), il/elle s'est gâté(e), etc.

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