ज़िम्मेदार 30秒で
- Zimmedaar is a common Hindi adjective meaning 'responsible' or 'accountable', used for both people and causes of events.
- It is gender-invariant, meaning it does not change its form for masculine or feminine nouns, making it easy for learners.
- The word is often used with the postposition 'ke liye' to indicate what someone is responsible for.
- It is derived from Persian and is widely used in both formal and informal Hindi, from family life to news.
The word ज़िम्मेदार (Zimmedaar) is a cornerstone of Hindi social and professional vocabulary. Derived from the Persian roots 'Zimma' (charge/duty) and 'Daar' (holder), it literally translates to 'the holder of a duty.' In everyday Hindi, it describes a person who is reliable, accountable, and mature enough to handle tasks or consequences. Unlike some Hindi adjectives that change based on gender, ज़िम्मेदार is invariant, meaning it stays the same whether you are describing a man, a woman, or a group.
- Core Concept
- The state of being the primary agent of an action or the person answerable for an outcome.
- Etymological Root
- Persian origin: Zimma (responsibility) + Daar (suffix meaning possessor).
- Grammatical Role
- Primarily an adjective, though it can function as a predicative adjective (e.g., 'He is responsible').
"वह अपने काम के प्रति बहुत ज़िम्मेदार है।" (He is very responsible towards his work.)
When we call someone 'Zimmedaar', we are often making a moral judgment. It implies that the person doesn't run away from their duties. In a legal or formal context, it can also mean 'liable'. For instance, if an accident occurs, the person 'Zimmedaar' is the one who caused it. This duality—being 'reliable' (positive) and being 'at fault' (neutral/negative)—is crucial for learners to understand.
"इस गलती के लिए कौन ज़िम्मेदार है?" (Who is responsible for this mistake?)
In the hierarchy of Hindi vocabulary, Zimmedaar sits comfortably between the simple 'Achha' (good) and the highly formal 'Uttardayi' (accountable). While 'Uttardayi' is often reserved for government documents or high-level academic discourse, 'Zimmedaar' is the word you will hear in 90% of conversations, from Bollywood movies to corporate boardrooms.
"एक ज़िम्मेदार नागरिक बनो।" (Become a responsible citizen.)
Using ज़िम्मेदार correctly requires understanding its relationship with the postposition 'के लिए' (for) or 'के प्रति' (towards). Unlike English, where you are 'responsible for' something, in Hindi, you are '[Subject] [Object] के लिए ज़िम्मेदार [Verb]'.
- As an Attribute: Placing it before a noun. "वह एक ज़िम्मेदार इंसान है" (He is a responsible human).
- As a Predicate: Placing it after the subject. "तुम ज़िम्मेदार हो" (You are responsible).
- Indicating Fault: "बाढ़ के लिए जलवायु परिवर्तन ज़िम्मेदार है" (Climate change is responsible for the floods).
One of the most common structures is the 'Kaun' (Who) question: "इसके लिए कौन ज़िम्मेदार है?" This is a standard way to ask for accountability. Note that the word does not change for plural subjects. "वे ज़िम्मेदार हैं" (They are responsible) uses the same form as "वह ज़िम्मेदार है" (He/She is responsible).
In formal writing, you might see it paired with 'Thehraana' (to hold/to deem). "पुलिस ने उसे हादसे के लिए ज़िम्मेदार ठहराया" (The police held him responsible for the accident). This is a very common collocation in news reporting.
You will encounter ज़िम्मेदार in three primary spheres of Indian life:
- The Household: Parents often tell their children to be more 'Zimmedaar'. It's a common trope in Indian family dramas where the eldest son or daughter is expected to be the 'Zimmedaar' one who looks after the siblings and finances.
- The Workplace: Managers use it to describe employees. "हमें एक ज़िम्मेदार टीम लीडर चाहिए" (We need a responsible team leader). It implies punctuality, reliability, and the ability to work without supervision.
- The News Media: This is perhaps the most frequent usage. News anchors constantly ask who is 'Zimmedaar' for a policy failure, a bridge collapse, or a sports loss. It carries a heavy weight of accountability here.
In pop culture, specifically Bollywood, the 'Zimmedaar' hero is a classic archetype—the man who takes care of his family against all odds. Conversely, the 'Gair-Zimmedaar' (irresponsible) character is often the source of comic relief or the one who needs a redemption arc.
Learners often stumble on these three points when using ज़िम्मेदार:
- Confusing Noun and Adjective: Many students say "Mujhe zimmedaar hai" (I am responsible - incorrect) when they mean "Meri zimmedari hai" (It is my responsibility). Remember: Zimmedaar describes a person; Zimmedari is the thing you have.
- Gender Agreement: Because many Hindi adjectives ending in 'aa' change to 'ee' for females (like 'Achha' to 'Achhi'), learners try to say 'Zimmedaari' for a woman. This is wrong. 'Zimmedaari' is a noun. The adjective remains 'Zimmedaar' for everyone.
- Preposition Errors: Using 'ka' instead of 'ke liye'. It's not "Galti ka zimmedaar" but "Galti के लिए ज़िम्मेदार".
Another subtle mistake is using 'Zimmedaar' when 'Bharosemand' (trustworthy) is more appropriate. While a responsible person is usually trustworthy, 'Zimmedaar' specifically focuses on the performance of duties, whereas 'Bharosemand' focuses on the quality of the person's character in keeping secrets or being loyal.
To enrich your Hindi, you should know the synonyms and related terms for ज़िम्मेदार:
- Uttardayi (उत्तरदायी)
- The formal, Sanskritized version of responsible. Used in legal and official contexts.
- Bharosemand (भरोसेमंद)
- Reliable or trustworthy. Someone you can depend on.
- Kartavyanishth (कर्तव्यनिष्ठ)
- Dutiful. Someone who is devoted to their duties (Kartavya).
- Sachet (सचेत)
- Conscious or alert. Often used for 'responsible' in the sense of being aware of one's impact.
The opposite of Zimmedaar is गैर-ज़िम्मेदार (Gair-Zimmedaar), meaning irresponsible. The prefix 'Gair-' is a common Urdu-derived way to create negatives. Another antonym is 'Laparwah' (careless), though 'Laparwah' focuses more on the lack of care rather than the lack of accountability.
How Formal Is It?
難易度
知っておくべき文法
Adjective-Noun agreement (or lack thereof for invariant adjectives)
Postpositional phrases with 'ke liye'
Compound verbs with 'banna' and 'hona'
Honorifics in Hindi (using plural verbs for respect)
Causal constructions in Hindi
レベル別の例文
वह एक ज़िम्मेदार लड़का है।
He is a responsible boy.
Simple adjective-noun placement.
मेरी माँ बहुत ज़िम्मेदार हैं।
My mother is very responsible.
Use of 'hain' for respect.
क्या तुम ज़िम्मेदार हो?
Are you responsible?
Simple question structure.
वह ज़िम्मेदार नहीं है।
He is not responsible.
Negative sentence with 'nahin'.
राम एक ज़िम्मेदार छात्र है।
Ram is a responsible student.
Proper noun + adjective + noun.
अच्छे बच्चे ज़िम्मेदार होते हैं।
Good children are responsible.
General statement using 'hote hain'.
वह बहुत ज़िम्मेदार लड़की है।
She is a very responsible girl.
Adjective does not change for female.
आप ज़िम्मेदार बनिए।
You (formal) become responsible.
Imperative form of 'banna'.
मैं अपने काम के लिए ज़िम्मेदार हूँ।
I am responsible for my work.
Use of 'ke liye' (for).
इस गलती के लिए कौन ज़िम्मेदार है?
Who is responsible for this mistake?
Interrogative 'kaun'.
वह अपनी छोटी बहन के लिए ज़िम्मेदार है।
He is responsible for his younger sister.
Responsibility towards a person.
हमें ज़िम्मेदार नागरिक बनना चाहिए।
We should become responsible citizens.
Use of 'chahiye' (should).
क्या आप इस प्रोजेक्ट के लिए ज़िम्मेदार हैं?
Are you responsible for this project?
Formal 'aap' with plural verb.
वह घर के कामों के लिए ज़िम्मेदार है।
She is responsible for household chores.
Plural object 'kaamon'.
तुम अब ज़िम्मेदार हो गए हो।
You have become responsible now.
Present perfect tense 'ho gaye ho'.
ज़िम्मेदार लोग हमेशा समय पर आते हैं।
Responsible people always come on time.
Adjective modifying a plural noun.
शिक्षक ने उसे क्लास का ज़िम्मेदार बनाया।
The teacher made him the responsible one of the class (monitor).
Transitive use with 'banaya'.
हमें पर्यावरण के प्रति ज़िम्मेदार होना चाहिए।
We should be responsible towards the environment.
Use of 'ke prati' (towards).
वह अपनी असफलताओं के लिए खुद को ज़िम्मेदार मानता है।
He considers himself responsible for his failures.
Reflexive 'khud ko'.
एक ज़िम्मेदार पिता अपने बच्चों का ध्यान रखता है।
A responsible father takes care of his children.
General truth in present simple.
क्या सरकार इस समस्या के लिए ज़िम्मेदार है?
Is the government responsible for this problem?
Political context.
वह बहुत गैर-ज़िम्मेदार व्यवहार कर रहा है।
He is behaving very irresponsibly.
Use of antonym 'gair-zimmedaar'.
ज़िम्मेदार होने का मतलब है अपनी गलतियों को मानना।
Being responsible means admitting your mistakes.
Gerundial use 'hone ka matlab'.
कंपनी ने उसे इस नुकसान के लिए ज़िम्मेदार ठहराया।
The company held him responsible for this loss.
Collocation 'zimmedaar thehraana'.
लोकतंत्र में जनता भी उतनी ही ज़िम्मेदार होती है।
In a democracy, the public is equally responsible.
Use of 'utni hi' (equally).
ज़िम्मेदार पत्रकारिता समाज के लिए आवश्यक है।
Responsible journalism is essential for society.
Abstract noun modification.
वह एक ज़िम्मेदार पद पर काम कर रहा है।
He is working in a responsible position.
Context of high-ranking job.
हमें आने वाली पीढ़ियों के लिए ज़िम्मेदार होना होगा।
We will have to be responsible for future generations.
Future obligation 'hona hoga'.
उसकी ज़िम्मेदार छवि ने उसे चुनाव जिताया।
His responsible image made him win the election.
Noun 'chhavi' (image).
क्या आप अपनी टीम के कार्यों के लिए ज़िम्मेदार महसूस करते हैं?
Do you feel responsible for your team's actions?
Verb 'mehsoos karna' (to feel).
बढ़ती महंगाई के लिए कई कारक ज़िम्मेदार हैं।
Many factors are responsible for the rising inflation.
Plural subject 'kaarak' (factors).
वह अपनी बातों का ज़िम्मेदार है।
He stands by his words (is responsible for what he says).
Idiomatic usage.
नैतिक रूप से, हम सभी इस त्रासदी के लिए ज़िम्मेदार हैं।
Morally, we are all responsible for this tragedy.
Adverbial phrase 'naitik roop se'.
एक ज़िम्मेदार विपक्ष लोकतंत्र की रीढ़ होता है।
A responsible opposition is the backbone of democracy.
Metaphorical 'reedh' (backbone).
वैज्ञानिकों को अपने आविष्कारों के प्रति ज़िम्मेदार होना चाहिए।
Scientists should be responsible towards their inventions.
Professional ethics context.
वह अपनी सफलता के लिए अपने गुरु को ज़िम्मेदार मानता है।
He attributes his success to his mentor (holds him responsible in a positive sense).
Positive connotation of responsibility.
इस जटिल समस्या के लिए कोई एक व्यक्ति ज़िम्मेदार नहीं हो सकता।
No single person can be responsible for this complex problem.
Modal 'ho sakta' (can be).
ज़िम्मेदार निवेश आज की ज़रूरत है।
Responsible investment is the need of the hour.
Economic context.
उसने बड़ी ज़िम्मेदार भूमिका निभाई।
He played a very responsible role.
Collocation 'bhumika nibhana'.
क्या मीडिया दंगों के लिए ज़िम्मेदार ठहराया जा सकता है?
Can the media be held responsible for the riots?
Passive voice 'thehraaya ja sakta'.
अस्तित्ववाद के अनुसार, मनुष्य अपने हर चुनाव के लिए स्वयं ज़िम्मेदार है।
According to existentialism, man is himself responsible for every choice.
Philosophical context.
ज़िम्मेदार सत्ता का अभाव अराजकता को जन्म देता है।
The absence of responsible authority gives birth to anarchy.
Abstract political theory.
लेखक ने समाज की गिरती नैतिकता के लिए आधुनिकता को ज़िम्मेदार ठहराया है।
The author has held modernity responsible for the declining morality of society.
Literary analysis.
क्या हम अपनी नियति के लिए स्वयं ज़िम्मेदार हैं या यह प्रारब्ध है?
Are we ourselves responsible for our destiny or is it fate?
Metaphysical inquiry.
एक ज़िम्मेदार वैश्विक नागरिक के रूप में, हमें सीमाओं से परे सोचना होगा।
As a responsible global citizen, we must think beyond borders.
Globalist discourse.
न्यायालय ने कॉर्पोरेट जगत को पर्यावरणीय क्षति के लिए ज़िम्मेदार पाया।
The court found the corporate world responsible for environmental damage.
Legal verdict context.
उसकी ज़िम्मेदार कार्यशैली ने उसे शिखर तक पहुँचाया।
His responsible working style took him to the pinnacle.
Advanced noun 'karyashaili'.
ज़िम्मेदार विमर्श ही समाज में सार्थक परिवर्तन ला सकता है।
Only responsible discourse can bring meaningful change in society.
High-level academic 'vimarsh'.
類義語
反対語
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
よく混同される語
慣用句と表現
間違えやすい
文型パターン
使い方
Does not change for gender or number.
Equally suitable for both.
Can be used for both credit and blame.
- Using 'Zimmedaari' as an adjective for females.
- Using 'ka' instead of 'ke liye'.
- Confusing it with 'Zameendaar' (Landlord).
- Pronouncing it as 'Jimmedaar' in formal settings.
- Using it without a verb in simple sentences (e.g., 'Main zimmedaar' instead of 'Main zimmedaar hoon').
ヒント
Don't Inflect
Never say 'Zimmedaari' to describe a woman. Keep it 'Zimmedaar' for all genders.
Pair with Postpositions
Always remember to use 'ke liye' when specifying what someone is responsible for.
Family First
In India, being 'Zimmedaar' often specifically refers to taking care of your parents and siblings.
The Nuqta
Try to pronounce the 'Z' sound by vibrating your vocal cords, rather than a simple 'J' sound.
News Context
When you hear this on the news, it almost always means 'Who is to blame?'
Formal Letters
Use 'Zimmedaar' when applying for jobs to describe your work ethic.
Emphasis
Stress the 'Me' syllable (Zim-ME-daar) for a natural flow.
The 'Daar' Suffix
Connect it with other 'Daar' words like 'Dukandaar' (shopkeeper) or 'Imandaar' (honest).
Avoid 'Ka'
Don't say 'Galti ka zimmedaar'. Say 'Galti ke liye zimmedaar'.
Complimenting
Calling someone 'Zimmedaar' is a very high compliment for their maturity in India.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Zimmedaar: Think of a 'Gym-Member' who is 'Daar' (determined). A determined gym member is responsible about their health.
語源
Persian
文化的な背景
Used frequently in hashtags like #ResponsibleCitizen or #ZimmedaarNagrik.
The eldest child is traditionally expected to be the most 'Zimmedaar'.
In India, 'Zimmedaar' often replaces 'Professional' in casual work talk.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
会話のきっかけ
"क्या आपको लगता है कि आज के युवा ज़िम्मेदार हैं?"
"आपके परिवार में सबसे ज़िम्मेदार कौन है?"
"एक ज़िम्मेदार नागरिक के क्या कर्तव्य हैं?"
"क्या आप अपनी गलतियों के लिए खुद को ज़िम्मेदार मानते हैं?"
"ऑफिस में ज़िम्मेदार होना क्यों ज़रूरी है?"
日記のテーマ
आज मैंने अपनी कौन सी ज़िम्मेदारी निभाई?
एक समय जब मैंने गैर-ज़िम्मेदार व्यवहार किया था।
मेरे लिए 'ज़िम्मेदार' होने का क्या मतलब है?
मैं भविष्य में और अधिक ज़िम्मेदार कैसे बन सकता हूँ?
क्या समाज हमें ज़िम्मेदार बनाता है?
よくある質問
10 問It is an invariant adjective, so it works for both masculine and feminine nouns without changing its form.
Yes, you can say 'This factor is responsible for the result' (यह कारक परिणाम के लिए ज़िम्मेदार है).
Zimmedaar is common and conversational; Uttardayi is formal, Sanskritized, and often used in legal or official documents.
The most common way is to add the prefix 'Gair-', making it 'Gair-Zimmedaar'.
The correct spelling and formal pronunciation use 'Z' (ज़िम्मेदार), but in many regional dialects, people say 'Jimmedaar'.
No, it is an adjective. The noun form is 'Zimmedari'.
You say 'Kaun zimmedaar hai?'
Usually yes, it implies reliability. However, in the context of a crime or mistake, it identifies the person at fault.
It comes from Persian: 'Zimma' (charge) and 'Daar' (holder).
Yes, 'Zimmedaar ladki' (Responsible girl) is perfectly correct.
自分をテスト 180 問
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
Zimmedaar is the essential Hindi word for accountability. Whether you are praising a reliable friend or assigning blame for a mistake, this word covers the entire spectrum of responsibility without changing its form for gender or number.
- Zimmedaar is a common Hindi adjective meaning 'responsible' or 'accountable', used for both people and causes of events.
- It is gender-invariant, meaning it does not change its form for masculine or feminine nouns, making it easy for learners.
- The word is often used with the postposition 'ke liye' to indicate what someone is responsible for.
- It is derived from Persian and is widely used in both formal and informal Hindi, from family life to news.
Don't Inflect
Never say 'Zimmedaari' to describe a woman. Keep it 'Zimmedaar' for all genders.
Pair with Postpositions
Always remember to use 'ke liye' when specifying what someone is responsible for.
Family First
In India, being 'Zimmedaar' often specifically refers to taking care of your parents and siblings.
The Nuqta
Try to pronounce the 'Z' sound by vibrating your vocal cords, rather than a simple 'J' sound.
例文
हर नागरिक देश के प्रति जिम्मेदार है।
関連コンテンツ
workの関連語
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