A1 verb 7分で読める

Բացել

To open

At the A1 level, you learn 'բացել' as a basic action verb. You use it to describe simple daily tasks like opening a door (դուռը բացել), a window (պատուհանը բացել), or a book (գիրքը բացել). You should focus on the present tense 'բացում եմ' and the simple imperative 'բաց' (open!). At this stage, the focus is entirely on physical objects and direct commands. You will also learn the adjective form 'բաց' to describe a door that is already open. It is one of the essential verbs for surviving a basic classroom or home environment in an Armenian-speaking context.
At the A2 level, you begin to use 'բացել' in the past and future tenses. You can describe what you opened yesterday (բացեցի) or what you will open tomorrow (կբացեմ). You start to use it for more varied objects like bottles (շիշ), boxes (տուփ), and letters (նամակ). You also learn the distinction between 'բացել' and 'միացնել' (to turn on), ensuring you don't 'open' the lights. You might also encounter the passive form 'բացվել' in simple sentences like 'The store opens at 9' (Խանութը բացվում է իննին).
At the B1 level, you expand 'բացել' into more abstract and professional contexts. You learn phrases like 'opening a bank account' (բանկային հաշիվ բացել) or 'opening a discussion' (քննարկում բացել). You understand how to use the verb in complex sentences with conjunctions. You also start to recognize common idioms, such as 'opening a table' (սեղան բացել) for a feast. Your usage becomes more fluid, and you can use the verb to describe the blooming of flowers or the start of a new season in a descriptive paragraph.
At the B2 level, you master the nuances of 'բացել' in metaphorical speech. You can discuss 'opening new horizons' (նոր հորիզոններ բացել) or 'opening one's heart' (սիրտը բացել). You are comfortable with the causative and passive forms in various moods (subjunctive, conditional). You can distinguish between 'բացել' and its more specific synonyms like 'փռել' (to spread) or 'հայտնաբերել' (to discover). You can also use the word in formal writing, such as opening a formal letter or a legal case.
At the C1 level, you use 'բացել' with stylistic flair. You understand its role in classical Armenian literature and can interpret complex metaphors involving the word. You use it to describe the 'opening' of a new era or the 'unveiling' of a monument. You are aware of the word's etymological roots and how it relates to other words like 'բացահայտել' (to reveal). You can engage in deep philosophical debates about 'opening' the mind or 'opening' the secrets of the universe, using the verb with perfect grammatical precision and varied vocabulary.
At the C2 level, 'բացել' is a tool for absolute linguistic mastery. You can use it in puns, wordplay, and high-level academic discourse. You understand the subtle differences in meaning between regional dialects (Eastern vs. Western) and can use the verb to evoke specific cultural or historical contexts. You can write poetry or academic papers where 'բացել' serves as a central theme of revelation or beginning. Your command of the verb's collocations, idioms, and archaic forms is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker.

Բացել 30秒で

  • The primary Armenian verb for 'to open' used for physical objects like doors.
  • Used metaphorically for starting businesses, bank accounts, or deep conversations.
  • Follows the regular '-el' conjugation pattern in Eastern Armenian.
  • Crucial for daily interactions, commands, and expressing transitions from closed to open.

The Armenian verb բացել (batsel) is a foundational pillar of the language, primarily meaning 'to open.' At its most basic level, it describes the physical act of moving a door, a lid, or a window to allow access or visibility. However, its usage extends far beyond simple physical mechanics, permeating into social, emotional, and professional spheres of Armenian life. In the Armenian psyche, 'opening' is often associated with hospitality, transparency, and the beginning of new endeavors. Whether you are opening a physical shop in the bustling streets of Yerevan or opening your heart to a new friend, բացել is the verb you will reach for. It is a regular '-el' (ե-լ) conjugation verb, making it one of the first verbs a student learns due to its predictable patterns and high frequency in daily conversation.

Physical Action
The most common use involves physical objects. For example, դուռը բացել (to open the door) or գիրքը բացել (to open the book). It implies the transition from a closed, inaccessible state to an accessible one.
Abstract Initiation
Used when starting a process or establishing something new, such as հաշիվ բացել (to open a bank account) or նոր հորիզոններ բացել (to open new horizons).
Discovery and Revelation
In more advanced contexts, it refers to revealing secrets or discovering truths, often used in literature and high-level discourse to signify enlightenment.

«Ես բացեցի պատուհանը, որպեսզի թարմ օդը ներս գա:»

— (I opened the window so that fresh air would come in.)

«Նա բացեց իր սիրտը իմ առաջ:»

— (He/she opened his/her heart before me.)

When you walk into a store, you might hear the shopkeeper say they just 'opened' for the day. This verb is also used in technology, specifically for opening files, folders, or programs on a computer. It is versatile because it can be used transitively (someone opens something) and in its passive form բացվել (something is being opened or it opens itself). Understanding բացել is essential for navigating everything from basic chores to deep emotional conversations in Armenian culture.

Using բացել correctly requires understanding its conjugation as an 'e-type' verb. In the present tense, it follows the standard pattern: բացում եմ, բացում ես, բացում է.... Because it is a transitive verb, it almost always takes a direct object in the accusative case (which, for inanimate objects, looks the same as the nominative). If you want to tell someone to open something, you use the imperative: Բա՛ց for singular and Բացե՛ք for plural or formal situations.

Present Progressive
Used for actions happening now. Example: Մենք հիմա բացում ենք նվերները: (We are opening the gifts now.)
Simple Past
Used for completed actions. Example: Դու բացեցիր ծրարը: (You opened the envelope.) Note the '-ec' augment in the past tense.
The Imperative (Command)
Essential for daily life. Example: Բացե՛ք ձեր գրքերը: (Open your books.) This is common in classrooms and instructions.

«Երբեք մի՛ բացիր այս դուռը գիշերով:»

— (Never open this door at night.)

One of the more complex aspects of using բացել involves its interaction with different cases for abstract concepts. While physical objects are simple, opening a 'path' or a 'way' (ճանապարհ բացել) often implies removing obstacles. In Armenian, you don't just 'turn on' a faucet; you 'open' it (ծորակը բացել). This is a key distinction from English where 'open' and 'turn on' are strictly separated for fluids and electricity. However, do not use բացել for lights—that requires միացնել.

In Armenia, you will hear բացել everywhere from the kitchen to the boardroom. If you are visiting a friend's house, they might say «Դուռը բաց է, ներս արի» (The door is open, come in), or they might ask you to բացել a bottle of wine. In the workplace, 'opening' a meeting or a discussion is common. In the technological landscape of modern Armenia, IT professionals use it constantly when referring to opening code, applications, or database connections.

«Խանութը բացվում է ժամը իննին:»

— (The shop opens at nine o'clock.)

In Armenian markets (shukas), you might hear vendors talking about 'opening' a new box of produce. In a more poetic sense, Armenian music and literature frequently use բացել to describe the blooming of flowers (ծաղիկները բացվում են) or the breaking of dawn. It is a word that signifies transition—from hidden to seen, from potential to reality. If you are in a taxi and want the driver to open the window, you would say «Կարո՞ղ եք պատուհանը բացել».

At the Bank
«Ցանկանում եմ բանկային հաշիվ բացել:» (I want to open a bank account.)
In a Restaurant
«Կարո՞ղ եք բացել այս շիշը:» (Can you open this bottle?)
In School
«Բացե՛ք տասներորդ էջը:» (Open page ten.)

One of the most frequent errors English speakers make is using բացել for electrical devices. In English, we 'open' a light (dialectic) or 'open' the TV, but in Armenian, բացել is strictly for physical or conceptual openings. For lights, computers, or televisions, you must use միացնել (miatsnel - to connect/turn on). Conversely, English speakers often forget that 'opening' a faucet is correct in Armenian (ջուրը բացել), whereas in English we usually say 'turn on the water.'

❌ Incorrect: «Բացիր լույսը:» (Open the light.)

✅ Correct: «Միացրու՛ լույսը:» (Turn on the light.)

Another common pitfall is confusing the verb բացել (to open) with the adjective բաց (open/light). While they share the same root, their grammatical roles are distinct. For example, բաց դուռ means 'an open door,' while բացել դուռը means 'to open the door.' Additionally, learners often struggle with the passive form բացվել. Use բացել when there is an active agent (a person) and բացվել when the focus is on the object opening or the state of being opened.

Confusing Conjugation
Mistaking the past tense բացեցի (I opened) with the present բացում եմ. Ensure you use the '-ec' marker for past actions.
Prepositional Errors
Using 'with' (հետ) instead of 'by' or using no preposition when one is needed for abstract opening. Usually, բացել is direct, but 'opening with a key' requires the instrumental case: բանալիով բացել.

While բացել is the most common way to say 'open,' there are several alternatives depending on the context. For instance, if you are opening something that was sealed or locked, you might use հայտնաբերել (to discover/uncover) or քանդել (to untie/unpack). If you are referring to the beginning of an event, սկսել (to start) is often more appropriate. Understanding these nuances will make your Armenian sound more natural and sophisticated.

Բացել vs. Հայտնաբերել
Բացել: General opening (door, book).
Հայտնաբերել: To open up a discovery or uncover a hidden truth.
Բացել vs. Միացնել
Բացել: Opening a physical barrier.
Միացնել: 'Opening' an electrical circuit or turning on a device.
Բացել vs. Փռել
Բացել: Opening a lid.
Փռել: To spread open (like a tablecloth or a carpet).

«Նա փռեց քարտեզը սեղանին:»

— (He spread/opened the map on the table.)

In formal settings, you might encounter ազդարարել (to herald/announce the opening) or վերաբացել (to reopen). For example, a museum might 'reopen' after renovations. If you are 'opening' a path through a crowd, you might use ճանապարհ հարթել (to smooth/clear a path). These synonyms allow for greater precision in your descriptions and show a deeper mastery of the Armenian vocabulary.

豆知識

The root 'բաց' is also the basis for the Armenian word for 'explanation' (բացատրություն), because to explain something is to 'open' it up for understanding.

発音ガイド

UK /bɑt͡sʰɛl/
US /bɑt͡sʰɛl/
The stress in Armenian verbs almost always falls on the last syllable: ba-TSEL.
韻が合う語
հասցնել (hastsnel) տեսնել (tesnel) հագնել (hagnel) փակել (pakel) սիրել (sirel) զգալ (zgal - though different ending, similar rhythm) վազել (vazel) ուտել (utel)
よくある間違い
  • Pronouncing 'ts' as just 's'.
  • Stress on the first syllable.
  • Muffling the final 'l' sound.
  • Merging the 'a' and 'ts' into a single sound.
  • Pronouncing the 'e' as a long 'ee'.

レベル別の例文

1

Բացի՛ր դուռը:

Open the door.

Imperative singular.

2

Ես բացում եմ գիրքը:

I am opening the book.

Present progressive.

3

Մենք բացում ենք պատուհանը:

We are opening the window.

1st person plural present.

4

Բացե՛ք ձեր տետրերը:

Open (plural) your notebooks.

Imperative plural.

5

Աննան բացում է պայուսակը:

Anna is opening the bag.

3rd person singular present.

6

Դու բացում ես տուփը:

You are opening the box.

2nd person singular present.

7

Բացի՛ր աչքերդ:

Open your eyes.

Direct object with possessive suffix.

8

Նրանք բացում են նվերները:

They are opening the gifts.

3rd person plural present.

1

Երեկ ես բացեցի նամակը:

Yesterday I opened the letter.

Simple past tense.

2

Խանութը բացվեց ժամը տասին:

The shop opened at ten o'clock.

Passive past tense.

3

Դուք բացեցիք պատուհանը:

You (plural) opened the window.

2nd person plural past.

4

Նա բացեց շիշը:

He/she opened the bottle.

3rd person singular past.

5

Մենք կբացենք դարպասը:

We will open the gate.

Future tense.

6

Չբացե՛ս այս արկղը:

Don't open (singular) this box.

Prohibitive imperative.

7

Ինչո՞ւ բացեցիր պահարանը:

Why did you open the closet?

Interrogative with past tense.

8

Նրանք բացեցին նոր սրճարան:

They opened a new cafe.

Usage for business.

1

Ես ուզում եմ բանկային հաշիվ բացել:

I want to open a bank account.

Infinitive with auxiliary verb.

2

Մենք պետք է բացենք այս հարցը:

We must open/address this question.

Modal usage for abstract concept.

3

Նա սեղան բացեց հյուրերի համար:

He/she set a table for the guests.

Idiomatic usage.

4

Գարնանը ծաղիկները բացվում են:

In spring, the flowers open (bloom).

Passive present for natural processes.

5

Եթե բացես պատուհանը, ցուրտ կլինի:

If you open the window, it will be cold.

Conditional sentence.

6

Դուք արդեն բացե՞լ եք ֆայլը:

Have you (plural) already opened the file?

Present perfect.

7

Նա բացեց իր սիրտը ընկերոջ առաջ:

He opened his heart before his friend.

Metaphorical usage.

8

Մենք բացեցինք քննարկումը:

We opened the discussion.

Formal abstract usage.

1

Այս գիրքը նոր հորիզոններ կբացի քեզ համար:

This book will open new horizons for you.

Abstract future.

2

Բանալին բացեց բոլոր գաղտնիքները:

The key opened all the secrets.

Symbolic usage.

3

Նա բացեց փակագծերը:

He opened the parentheses (revealed the details).

Mathematical and idiomatic.

4

Ցուցահանդեսը բացվելու է վաղը:

The exhibition is going to open tomorrow.

Future participle.

5

Մենք բացեցինք մեր ծրագրերը նրանց առաջ:

We opened (revealed) our plans to them.

Professional context.

6

Դուք պետք է բացեք ձեր ներուժը:

You must open (unlock) your potential.

Motivational usage.

7

Նա բացեց ճանապարհը հաջորդ սերունդների համար:

He opened the path for next generations.

Historical/Legacy context.

8

Այդ դեպքը բացեց նրա աչքերը:

That incident opened his eyes.

Idiom for realization.

1

Հեղինակը բացում է վեպի հիմնական թեման:

The author opens (unfolds) the main theme of the novel.

Literary analysis usage.

2

Գիտությունը բացում է բնության գաղտնիքները:

Science opens the secrets of nature.

Academic context.

3

Նա բացեց իր հոգու դռները:

He opened the doors of his soul.

Poetic usage.

4

Բարեփոխումները բացեցին տնտեսության զարգացման ուղին:

The reforms opened the path for economic development.

Political/Economic context.

5

Պետք է բացել այս հանելուկը:

This riddle must be opened (solved).

Synonym for solving.

6

Նա բացեց իր ելույթը մեջբերումով:

He opened his speech with a quotation.

Formal rhetoric.

7

Այդ իրադարձությունը բացեց նոր էջ պատմության մեջ:

That event opened a new page in history.

Historical metaphor.

8

Մենք բացեցինք մեր քարտերը:

We opened our cards (revealed our intentions).

Idiom for transparency.

1

Լուսաբացը բացեց լույսի վարագույրը:

The dawn opened the curtain of light.

Highly poetic.

2

Նա բացեց իր նկարագրի բոլոր շերտերը:

He opened (revealed) all the layers of his character.

Psychological depth.

3

Փիլիսոփայությունը բացում է գոյության էությունը:

Philosophy opens the essence of existence.

Philosophical context.

4

Այս հայտնագործությունը բացեց մարդկության ապագան:

This discovery opened the future of humanity.

Grand scale usage.

5

Նա բացեց իր միտքը տիեզերական էներգիայի առաջ:

He opened his mind to cosmic energy.

Esoteric context.

6

Վիրահատությունը բացեց նրա կյանքի երկրորդ հնարավորությունը:

The surgery opened his second chance at life.

Medical metaphor.

7

Նա բացեց իր գանձարանի դռները:

He opened the doors of his treasury.

Archaic/Wealth imagery.

8

Բացելով այս թեման՝ մենք մտնում ենք վտանգավոր դաշտ:

By opening this topic, we enter a dangerous field.

Gerund usage in complex thought.

よく使う組み合わせ

դուռը բացել
պատուհանը բացել
հաշիվ բացել
աչքերը բացել
գիրքը բացել
ծորակը բացել
սիրտը բացել
խանութ բացել
փակագծերը բացել
ճանապարհ բացել

よく使うフレーズ

Բաց է

Բաց արա

Բերանդ բաց

Բաց սրտով

Բաց երկնքի տակ

Բաց նամակ

Բաց հարց

Բաց ծով

Բաց դաս

Բաց կապույտ

慣用句と表現

"Սեղան բացել"

To set a feast, usually for guests. It implies abundance and hospitality.

Տատիկս մեծ սեղան բացեց մեր գալու պատվին:

Common

"Աչքերը բացել"

To make someone realize the truth or see things as they are.

Այս դեպքը բացեց իմ աչքերը նրա իրական բնավորության վրա:

Common

"Բերանը բաց մնալ"

To be extremely surprised or shocked.

Տեսարանից նրա բերանը բաց մնաց:

Informal

"Ճանապարհ բացել"

To pave the way for someone or something else.

Նրա հաջողությունը ճանապարհ բացեց այլ երիտասարդների համար:

Neutral

"Փակագծերը բացել"

To reveal details that were previously hidden or implicit.

Նա վերջապես բացեց փակագծերը և պատմեց ամեն ինչ:

Neutral

"Սիրտը բացել"

To share one's deepest feelings or secrets with someone.

Ես միայն քեզ կարող եմ սիրտս բացել:

Personal

"Ձեռքը բաց"

To be generous or open-handed.

Նա շատ ձեռքը բաց մարդ է, միշտ օգնում է:

Informal

"Բաց ճակատով"

With a clear conscience or with pride.

Մենք դուրս եկանք այդ փորձությունից բաց ճակատով:

Literary

"Դռները բացել"

To welcome or provide opportunities.

Հայաստանը բացում է իր դռները զբոսաշրջիկների առաջ:

Formal

"Աչքը բաց"

Alert, shrewd, or world-weary.

Նա աչքը բաց տղա է, նրան չես խաբի:

Informal

語族

名詞

動詞

形容詞

関連

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'BAT' flying out when you 'BATS-el' a dark cave. BATS-EL = Open the cave for the bats.

視覚的連想

Imagine a giant key shaped like the Armenian letter 'Բ' (B) opening a massive door.

Word Web

դուռ (door) պատուհան (window) գի

語源

Derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bhā- meaning 'to shine' or 'to show', which evolved into the Armenian 'բաց' (bats).

元の意味: To make visible, to clear, or to expose to light.

Indo-European -> Armenian.
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