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예약하다

B1 verb #1,600 よく出る 8分で読める

예약하다

yeyakhada 上位1,600

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解説 예약하다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '예약하다' is a 'survival' word. You learn it to do basic things like asking for a table at a restaurant or a room at a hotel. You might only use it in simple present or past tense: '예약해요' (I reserve) or '예약했어요' (I reserved). You learn that it means 'to book.' You focus on the object + 을/를 + 예약하다 structure. For example, '호텔을 예약해요.' You don't need to worry about complex nuances yet, just that it's the word you use when you want to make sure you have a place to go.

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At the A2 level, you start to use '예약하다' with more specific details. You learn to add time and the number of people using particles like '에' and '명.' For example, '7시에 2명 예약하고 싶어요' (I want to reserve for 2 people at 7 o'clock). You also learn the noun form '예약' and how to use it with '있어요' (I have a reservation). You begin to understand the difference between '예약' and '약속,' though you might still make mistakes. You can handle a simple phone call to a restaurant using this verb.

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At the B1 level, you use '예약하다' in a variety of contexts, including travel, medical appointments, and business. You understand the clear distinction between '예약하다' (reserving a service) and '예매하다' (buying a ticket in advance). You can use more complex grammar patterns like '~아야 하다' (must reserve) or '~기 위해' (in order to reserve). You are familiar with related terms like '예약 확인' (reservation confirmation) and '예약 취소' (reservation cancellation). You can navigate Korean booking websites or apps with some confidence.

At the B2 level, you use '예약하다' fluently and can handle unexpected situations, such as changing a reservation or dealing with a 'no-show' policy. You understand the cultural implications of '예약' in Korea, such as the importance of punctuality and the use of '예약금' (deposits). You can use the passive form '예약되다' naturally in conversation. You might use the word in more abstract ways, such as '예약된 미래' (a destined/reserved future), though this is less common. Your use of honorifics like '예약해 주시겠어요?' is natural.

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At the C1 level, you understand the subtle nuances between '예약하다' and its synonyms in formal and professional settings. You can discuss the economic impact of reservation systems or the ethics of overbooking in the airline industry. You use the word in complex sentence structures and can interpret it in literature or news reports where it might have a metaphorical meaning. You are aware of the Hanja roots (豫, 約) and how they relate to other words, allowing you to guess the meaning of advanced related terms like '가예약' (provisional reservation).

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At the C2 level, you have a native-like grasp of '예약하다.' You can use it in high-level academic or legal discussions, such as '예약 판매' (pre-sale) regulations or contract law. You can appreciate wordplay or puns involving the word in media. You use the word with perfect register, switching between casual, polite, and formal forms effortlessly depending on the social hierarchy. You can explain the historical evolution of reservation culture in Korea and how technology has changed the way '예약하다' is used in the modern lexicon.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

예약하다 30秒で

예약하다 means 'to reserve' or 'to book' services, rooms, or tables in advance.
It is a Sino-Korean word (豫 + 約) used in formal and professional contexts.
Commonly used with objects like restaurants, hotels, and hospital appointments.
Distinct from '약속하다' (personal plans) and '예매하다' (advance purchases).

The Korean verb 예약하다 (yeyakhada) is a fundamental Sino-Korean word composed of the Hanja characters 豫 (예 - beforehand) and 約 (약 - promise/agreement). At its core, it translates to making a commitment or securing a spot, service, or item in advance of its actual use. This word is indispensable in modern Korean life, covering everything from dining out to international travel. Unlike a simple 'promise' (약속), which usually refers to social appointments between people, 예약하다 specifically targets the securing of resources or professional services.

Core Concept: The act of ensuring availability for a future event or service to avoid the risk of unavailability or long wait times.

오늘 저녁 7시에 식당을 예약했어요. (I reserved a restaurant for 7 PM tonight.)

In the context of IELTS or academic English, this corresponds to 'booking' or 'reserving.' It implies a formal transaction, though not necessarily involving immediate payment. In Korea's fast-paced society, 예약 culture is highly developed, with specialized apps like CatchTable for restaurants or various platforms for hair salons and medical clinics. Understanding the nuances of this verb allows learners to navigate daily logistics with confidence.

Etymological Breakdown: 豫 (Ye): Beforehand, in advance. This same character appears in '예상' (prediction) and '예보' (forecast).
約 (Yak): Promise, contract, or restraint. This appears in '약속' (promise) and '계약' (contract).

비행기 표를 미리 예약하는 것이 저렴합니다. (It is cheaper to reserve flight tickets in advance.)

The versatility of 예약하다 extends to digital spaces as well. 'Pre-ordering' a new video game or 'pre-registering' for a webinar often uses this term or its derivatives. For a B1 learner, mastering this word means moving beyond basic survival Korean into the realm of planning and executing complex tasks. It is the bridge between 'I want to go' and 'I am going at this specific time.'

Grammatical Usage: It is a transitive verb, meaning it takes an object marked by the particles 을 or 를. For example: 호텔을 예약하다 (to reserve a hotel).

인기 있는 전시는 몇 주 전에 예약해야 합니다. (Popular exhibitions must be reserved weeks in advance.)

Using 예약하다 correctly involves understanding its collocations and the appropriate level of politeness. Since reservations are often made with service providers, the polite (해요체) or formal (하십시오체) forms are most common. When you call a restaurant, you would say, "예약하고 싶습니다" (I would like to make a reservation). If you are confirming an existing one, you might say, "예약을 확인하고 싶어요" (I want to confirm my reservation).

Common Objects: 식당 (Restaurant), 호텔 (Hotel), 병원 (Hospital/Clinic), 기차표 (Train ticket), 회의실 (Meeting room), 미용실 (Hair salon).

내일 오후 3시로 치과를 예약해 줄래? (Can you reserve the dentist for 3 PM tomorrow? - Informal)

One important distinction is between 예약하다 and 예매하다. While both involve doing something in advance, 예매하다 specifically involves the act of purchasing (buying) a ticket or item beforehand. You 예약 a table at a restaurant (no immediate purchase), but you 예매 a movie ticket (you pay upfront). However, in casual speech, 예약 is often used as a broad umbrella term.

Sentence Structure: [Time] + [Object] + 을/를 + [Number of people] + 명으로 + 예약하다.

이미 예약된 좌석입니다. (This is an already reserved seat.)

When using the passive form, you can use 예약되다 (to be reserved). This is frequently seen on signs in restaurants or on seating charts. If you see a 'Reserved' sign on a table, it will likely say '예약석' (Reserved Seat). In professional contexts, like booking a flight for a boss, the honorific form 예약해 드리다 is used to show respect to the person you are performing the action for.

Advanced Usage: In business, you might '예약' a shipment or a service contract. It implies securing a slot in a schedule.

회의실 사용을 위해 미리 예약해 두었습니다. (I have reserved the meeting room in advance for use.)

You will encounter 예약하다 in various everyday scenarios in Korea. The most common is through mobile applications. Korea is a mobile-first society, and apps like 'KakaoTalk Order,' 'Naver Booking,' and 'Yanolja' (for travel) are built around the concept of 예약. When you walk into a popular cafe or restaurant in Seoul, the first question the staff might ask is, "예약하셨나요?" (Did you make a reservation?).

Travel & Tourism: At airports, train stations (KTX), and hotels. Announcements often mention '예약 고객' (reservation customers).

성수기에는 호텔을 미리 예약해야 합니다. (During peak season, you must reserve hotels in advance.)

In the workplace, 예약하다 is used for logistics. Booking a company car, a projector for a presentation, or a specific time slot for a health check-up all involve this verb. In medical contexts, Korea's healthcare system is highly efficient but busy, so '예약' is mandatory for most non-emergency specialist visits. You will hear the receptionist say, "다음 진료 예약해 드릴까요?" (Shall I book your next appointment?).

Media & Entertainment: K-Dramas often feature scenes where characters are told a restaurant is 'fully booked' (예약이 꽉 찼다).

죄송하지만 오늘 모든 테이블이 예약되어 있습니다. (I'm sorry, but all tables are reserved today.)

Public services also utilize this term. Reserving a book at a library (도서 예약), booking a tennis court at a public park, or even scheduling a time to visit a government office for a visa extension all require the action of 예약하다. For international students or workers in Korea, knowing how to navigate these '예약' systems is a key survival skill.

Social Context: When planning a 'Hoesik' (company dinner), the youngest member is usually tasked with '식당 예약'.

단체 손님이라서 미리 예약했습니다. (Since we are a large group, we reserved in advance.)

The most frequent mistake learners make with 예약하다 is confusing it with 약속하다. While both involve a 'promise,' 약속하다 is used for social appointments with friends or colleagues (e.g., "I promised to meet my friend"). You cannot '예약' a friend. Conversely, you generally don't '약속' a hotel room; you '예약' it. Using the wrong one can make you sound like you are treating a person as a commodity or a hotel as a personal friend.

Mistake 1: 예약 vs. 약속: Incorrect: 친구를 예약했어요. (I reserved a friend.)
Correct: 친구와 약속을 했어요. (I made an appointment/plan with a friend.)

식당 예약이랑 친구 약속을 헷갈리지 마세요! (Don't confuse restaurant reservations with plans with friends!)

Another common error is the confusion between 예약하다 and 예매하다. As mentioned before, 예매 implies a purchase. If you say you '예약' a movie ticket, Koreans will understand you, but '예매' is the technically correct term because you usually pay for the ticket at the time of booking. For things like KTX (train) tickets, '예매' is the standard term used on the official apps.

Mistake 2: Particle Errors: Learners often forget to use '~로' when specifying the number of people or the time. Saying '4명 예약해요' is okay, but '4명으로 예약해요' is more natural.

7시로 예약해 주세요. (Please reserve it for 7 o'clock.)

Finally, watch out for the passive form. Learners often say "식당이 예약했어요" (The restaurant reserved), which is incorrect. It should be "식당이 예약되었어요" (The restaurant has been reserved) or "식당을 예약했어요" (I reserved the restaurant). The subject of 예약하다 must be the person making the reservation.

Mistake 3: Overusing '부킹': While '부킹' (booking) is used in Korean, it often has a specific connotation related to nightclubs or golf. Stick to '예약' for general situations.

호텔 예약을 확인해 주세요. (Please check the hotel reservation.)

To truly master 예약하다, you must understand its neighbors in the Korean lexicon. These words share the theme of 'future planning' but differ in their specific application and context. Comparing them helps refine your precision in communication.

예약하다 vs. 예매하다: 예약하다: General reservation (restaurant, hotel). Payment often happens later.
예매하다: Advance purchase (tickets for movies, concerts, trains). Payment happens now.

콘서트 티켓은 예매하고, 식당은 예약하세요. (Buy the concert tickets in advance, and reserve the restaurant.)

Another related word is 예보하다 (to forecast). While it also starts with '예' (beforehand), it is used exclusively for information like weather or economic trends. 예상하다 (to expect/anticipate) is used for mental predictions. Understanding these '예-' prefix words builds a strong foundation for Sino-Korean vocabulary.

예약하다 vs. 약속하다: 예약하다: Business/Service context. Securing a resource.
약속하다: Personal/Social context. Making a promise with a person.

친구와 저녁 약속이 있어서 식당을 예약했어요. (I have a dinner plan with a friend, so I reserved a restaurant.)

In more formal or literary contexts, you might encounter 선점하다 (to preoccupy/seize first). This is much stronger than 예약하다 and implies taking something before others can get to it, often used in business strategy or competition. For B1 learners, sticking to 예약 is usually sufficient, but recognizing these nuances is the path to C1/C2 fluency.

Common Synonyms: 부킹하다 (Booking - specific contexts), 잡아두다 (To hold/keep - colloquial).

자리를 미리 잡아두는 것이 좋겠어요. (It would be good to hold a seat in advance.)

How Formal Is It?

難易度

知っておくべき文法

-고 싶다 (want to)

-아야 하다 (must)

-ㄹ 수 있다 (can)

-어 두다 (do in advance)

-기 위해 (in order to)

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レベル別の例文

식당을 예약해요.

I reserve a restaurant.

Present tense: 예약 + 해요.

호텔을 예약했어요.

I reserved a hotel.

Past tense: 예약 + 했어요.

오늘 예약해요?

Are you reserving today?

Question form.

방을 예약하고 싶어요.

I want to reserve a room.

-고 싶어요 (want to).

내일 예약하세요.

Please reserve tomorrow.

-으세요 (polite command).

표를 예약해요.

I reserve a ticket.

Object marker 을/를.

여기 예약했어요.

I reserved here.

Adverb 여기 (here).

누가 예약해요?

Who is reserving?

Subject marker 가.

7시에 식당을 예약했어요.

I reserved a restaurant for 7 o'clock.

Time particle -에.

두 명으로 예약해 주세요.

Please reserve for two people.

Number + 명으로 (for X people).

예약을 확인하고 싶습니다.

I would like to confirm the reservation.

Formal -습니다.

인터넷으로 예약할 수 있어요.

You can reserve via the internet.

-ㄹ 수 있어요 (can).

예약이 있어요?

Do you have a reservation?

Noun 예약 + 있어요.

전화로 예약했어요.

I reserved by phone.

Instrumental particle -로.

미리 예약해야 돼요.

You have to reserve in advance.

-아야 돼요 (must).

예약을 취소하고 싶어요.

I want to cancel the reservation.

Object + 취소하다.

기차표를 예매하는 대신 예약만 할 수 있나요?

Can I just reserve the train ticket instead of buying it in advance?

Comparison between 예매 and 예약.

인기 있는 곳이라서 한 달 전에 예약했어요.

It's a popular place, so I reserved it a month ago.

-라서 (because).

회의실을 사용하려면 미리 예약해야 합니다.

To use the meeting room, you must reserve it in advance.

-려면 (if you intend to).

병원 예약을 다음 주로 미룰 수 있을까요?

Could I postpone my hospital appointment to next week?

미루다 (to postpone).

예약하신 분의 성함이 어떻게 되시나요?

What is the name of the person who made the reservation?

Honorific -시-.

단체 손님을 위해 큰 테이블을 예약해 두었습니다.

I have reserved a large table for the group guests.

-어 두다 (to do something in advance/keep).

비행기 좌석을 창가 쪽으로 예약하고 싶어요.

I want to reserve a window seat on the plane.

Directional -쪽으로.

앱을 통해서 간편하게 예약할 수 있습니다.

You can easily reserve through the app.

-를 통해서 (through).

갑작스러운 사정으로 예약을 변경하게 되었습니다.

Due to sudden circumstances, I have come to change the reservation.

-게 되다 (to happen to/become).

예약 없이 방문하시면 오래 기다리셔야 할 수도 있습니다.

If you visit without a reservation, you might have to wait a long time.

-ㄹ 수도 있다 (might).

이 식당은 예약제로만 운영됩니다.

This restaurant operates on a reservation-only basis.

-제 (system/policy).

예약금이 입금되어야 예약이 완료됩니다.

The reservation is complete only after the deposit is paid.

-어야 (only if).

이미 예약된 좌석이니 다른 곳에 앉아 주세요.

Since this is an already reserved seat, please sit elsewhere.

Passive 예약되다.

성수기에는 숙소 예약하기가 하늘의 별 따기예요.

Reserving accommodation during peak season is like picking stars from the sky (very hard).

Idiom: 하늘의 별 따기.

미용실 예약을 깜빡해서 다시 잡아야 해요.

I forgot my hair salon appointment, so I have to schedule it again.

깜빡하다 (to forget momentarily).

공연 티켓을 예약하려고 사이트에 접속했지만 실패했어요.

I accessed the site to reserve concert tickets, but I failed.

-려고 (in order to).

정부의 새로운 정책으로 인해 공공시설 예약 시스템이 개편되었습니다.

The public facility reservation system has been reorganized due to the government's new policy.

-로 인해 (due to).

가예약을 해 두시면 나중에 정식 예약으로 전환하실 수 있습니다.

If you make a provisional reservation, you can convert it to a formal one later.

가예약 (provisional reservation).

노쇼(No-show) 문제를 해결하기 위해 예약 문화의 개선이 시급합니다.

To solve the no-show problem, improvement of the reservation culture is urgent.

Abstract noun usage.

그 작가의 신간은 출간 전부터 예약 판매가 폭주했습니다.

The author's new book had a surge in pre-orders even before publication.

예약 판매 (pre-sale).

사전 예약 혜택을 받으려면 기간 내에 신청해야 합니다.

To receive pre-registration benefits, you must apply within the period.

사전 예약 (pre-registration/reservation).

항공사 측의 오버부킹으로 인해 예약이 취소되는 불상사가 발생했습니다.

An unfortunate event occurred where the reservation was canceled due to the airline's overbooking.

불상사 (unfortunate event).

이 서비스는 회원제로 운영되며, 우선 예약 권한이 부여됩니다.

This service is operated on a membership basis, and priority reservation rights are granted.

우선 예약 권한 (priority reservation rights).

예약 부도(No-show)는 소상공인들에게 막대한 경제적 손실을 입힙니다.

Reservation defaults (no-shows) cause enormous economic losses to small business owners.

예약 부도 (reservation default).

현대 사회에서 '예약'은 단순한 약속을 넘어 자원 배분의 효율성을 극대화하는 수단으로 자리 잡았습니다.

In modern society, 'reservation' has established itself as a means of maximizing the efficiency of resource allocation beyond a simple promise.

Academic register.

그의 성공은 이미 예약된 것이나 다름없었다는 평가가 지배적입니다.

The evaluation that his success was as good as destined (reserved) is dominant.

Metaphorical usage.

디지털 플랫폼의 진화는 예약 프로세스의 투명성과 접근성을 획기적으로 향상시켰습니다.

The evolution of digital platforms has drastically improved the transparency and accessibility of the reservation process.

Formal/Technical vocabulary.

예약 문화의 성숙도는 그 사회의 신뢰 자본을 가늠하는 척도가 되기도 합니다.

The maturity of reservation culture also serves as a yardstick for measuring the social capital of trust in that society.

Philosophical/Sociological context.

특정 좌석을 선점하기 위한 매크로 프로그램 사용은 공정한 예약 질서를 어지럽힙니다.

The use of macro programs to preoccupy specific seats disturbs the fair reservation order.

Legal/Ethical context.

법률적으로 예약은 본계약을 체결할 의무를 지는 전단계의 계약으로 간주됩니다.

Legally, a reservation is considered a preliminary contract that carries the obligation to conclude the main contract.

Legal definition.

수요와 공급의 불일치를 해소하기 위해 탄력적 예약 시스템을 도입하는 기업이 늘고 있습니다.

An increasing number of companies are introducing flexible reservation systems to resolve the mismatch between supply and demand.

Economic context.

예약이라는 행위 속에 내재된 상호 신뢰의 가치를 되새겨 볼 필요가 있습니다.

It is necessary to reflect on the value of mutual trust inherent in the act of reservation.

Reflective/Formal tone.

類義語

예매하다 확보하다 지정하다

反対語

취소하다

よく使う組み合わせ

식당을 예약하다

호텔을 예약하다

진료를 예약하다

미리 예약하다

전화로 예약하다

온라인으로 예약하다

예약을 확인하다

예약을 취소하다

예약을 변경하다

단체로 예약하다

よく使うフレーズ

예약하셨나요?

예약하고 싶어요.

예약이 꽉 찼어요.

예약석입니다.

사전 예약

예약 확인 문자

예약금 입금

방문 예약

당일 예약

우선 예약

よく混同される語

예약하다 vs 약속하다

Used for personal plans with people, not services.

예약하다 vs 예매하다

Used for advance purchases of tickets.

예약하다 vs 주문하다

Used for ordering food or products, not reserving a spot.

慣用句と表現

"예약된 미래 (A destined future)"

"하늘의 별 따기 (Very difficult to reserve)"

"입도선매 (Buying before harvest/Pre-order)"

"찜하다 (To claim/reserve colloquially)"

"자리를 잡다 (To take a seat/reserve)"

"줄을 서다 (To stand in line/wait)"

"번호표를 뽑다 (To take a number/wait)"

"발을 들이다 (To enter/reserve a spot)"

"손을 쓰다 (To take action in advance)"

"못을 박다 (To finalize/confirm firmly)"

間違えやすい

예약하다 vs

文型パターン

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使い方

nuance

Use '예약' for services and '예매' for tickets you pay for immediately.

social

In a group, the person who '예약's is often seen as the organizer.

よくある間違い

Using 예약하다 for friends (should be 약속하다).
Confusing 예약하다 with 예매하다 for tickets.
Forgetting the object particle 을/를.
Using the active voice when the passive '예약되다' is needed.
Mispronouncing the 'k' and 'h' connection.

ヒント

Restaurant Manners

If you are late for a reservation in Korea, call ahead. Many places will give your table away after 15 minutes.

Use Apps

Download 'CatchTable' or use 'Naver Maps' to make reservations easily without calling.

Passive Voice

Use '예약되다' when the focus is on the object being reserved, like a room or seat.

Hanja Power

Learning 'Ye' (豫) will help you understand many other words like '예상' and '예보'.

Phone Script

Start with: '안녕하세요, 오늘 저녁 7시에 4명 예약 가능할까요?'

Meeting Rooms

In an office, always check the '예약 시스템' before using a conference room.

Peak Season

For KTX or popular hotels, '예약' should be done weeks or months in advance.

Confirming

It's polite to confirm your reservation a day before for large groups.

Particles

Don't forget '로' when specifying the number of people: '5명으로 예약'.

Announcements

In stations, listen for '예약 고객' to know when your group is being called.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Make a 'Ye-Yak' before you 'Eat-Yak' (steak) at the restaurant!

語源

Sino-Korean

文化的な背景

Naver and Kakao are the primary platforms for digital reservations.

The term '노쇼' (No-show) is widely used and discouraged.

Most Korean hospitals require a '예약' for non-emergency visits.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

会話のきっかけ

"오늘 저녁 식당 예약하셨어요?"

"어디로 예약하는 게 좋을까요?"

"예약 없이 가도 될까요?"

"예약 확인 좀 해 주시겠어요?"

"예약 취소하려면 어떻게 해야 하나요?"

日記のテーマ

지난번에 식당을 예약했을 때의 경험을 써 보세요.

예약 없이 갔다가 낭패를 본 적이 있나요?

한국의 예약 문화에 대해 어떻게 생각하세요?

가장 예약하기 힘들었던 것은 무엇인가요?

미래의 계획을 '예약'에 비유해서 써 보세요.

よくある質問

10 問

No, use 약속하다 for personal appointments with friends. 예약하다 is for services or resources.

예약 is a general reservation (often no immediate payment), while 예매 is an advance purchase (like movie tickets).

You can say '예약했어요' (I reserved) or '예약되어 있어요' (It is reserved/I have a reservation).

It is a standard word used in both casual and formal situations, but the conjugation changes the politeness level.

It means 'Reserved Seat.' You will see this sign on tables in restaurants.

Yes, it is a transitive verb. For example, '호텔을 예약하다'.

Yes, '진료 예약' is the standard term for medical appointments.

Use the verb 취소하다. '예약을 취소하고 싶어요'.

It is called '노쇼' (No-show) or '예약 부도'.

Yes, you can use '도서 예약' for that.

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