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韓国語
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발산하다

B2 verb 11分で読める

발산하다

balsanhada

練習する例文メモとヒント 발산하다 30秒で

解説 발산하다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use '발산하다' often, but you might see it in simple science books. Think of it as 'giving off' something. For example, 'The sun gives off light' (태양은 빛을 발산해요). At this stage, just remember it means something is coming out from a source and spreading around. It is like a lightbulb shining in a dark room. You don't need to worry about the difficult grammar yet. Just focus on the idea of 'outward movement' of light or heat. If you see this word, look for words like '빛' (light), '열' (heat), or '향기' (scent) nearby. These are the simplest things that can '발산' (emit). Even though it's a B2 word, knowing the basic meaning of 'coming out' will help you understand more complex sentences later. Don't worry about using it in your own speaking yet; '나오다' (to come out) is usually enough for A1 learners. But if you want to sound like a little scientist, you can say '꽃이 향기를 발산해요!' (The flower is emitting a scent!). This will impress your teachers. Remember, '발' means to go out and '산' means to scatter. Like seeds scattering in the wind, '발산' is about things spreading out.

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At the A2 level, you can start to use '발산하다' for simple feelings and physical energy. You might hear it when people talk about 'releasing energy' (에너지 발산). For example, if a child is running around a lot, a Korean person might say the child is 'releasing energy.' It's a bit more advanced than '놀다' (to play). You can also use it for smells. Instead of just saying '냄새가 나요' (it smells), you can say '꽃이 향기를 발산하고 있어요' (The flower is emitting a scent). This makes your Korean sound more descriptive. Another common use at this level is '스트레스 발산' (releasing stress). You might not say the whole verb, but you will see the noun '발산' on signs for gyms or hobby classes. It means a place where you can let go of your stress. Think of it like a balloon letting out air. When you have too much stress or energy inside, you need to '발산' it so you don't feel bad. It's a useful word to know when you are talking about your hobbies or why you like to exercise. You can say, '운동은 스트레스 발산에 좋아요' (Exercise is good for releasing stress). This is a very natural sentence that A2 learners can practice.

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At the B1 level, you should understand the difference between '발산하다' and other similar words like '표현하다' (to express). '발산하다' is more about the energy and the way it spreads, while '표현하다' is more about the message. You will start hearing this word a lot in K-pop and entertainment contexts. When an idol is very charismatic on stage, they are 'radiating' (발산) that charisma. It’s not just that they are showing it; it’s like the charisma is filling the whole room. You can use it to describe people's personalities. If someone is very bright and happy, you can say they 'radiate positive energy' (긍정적인 에너지를 발산하다). You should also be aware of the noun form '발산' in more formal settings. For example, in a science class, you might learn about '열 발산' (heat dissipation). This is important for understanding how computers or engines work. At this level, try to use the word when you talk about your passions or talents. Instead of saying 'I showed my talent,' try saying '무대에서 제 끼를 마음껏 발산했어요' (I released all my talent/flair on stage). This sounds much more fluent and natural for a B1 learner. You are moving from simple descriptions to more energetic and vivid language.

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As a B2 learner, you are at the target level for '발산하다.' You should be able to use it comfortably in various contexts, from scientific descriptions to abstract emotional releases. You understand that this word carries a nuance of 'overflowing' or 'spreading out in all directions.' In a discussion about mental health, you can explain how suppressing emotions is harmful and that finding a way to '발산하다' (release) those feelings is necessary for well-being. You also understand the mathematical meaning of 'divergence' if you are in a technical field. You can distinguish between '발산하다' and its synonyms like '방출하다' (to discharge) or '배출하다' (to exhaust). You know that you '발산' charm and energy, but you '배출' waste or carbon dioxide. This precision is what defines a B2 learner. You can also use it in writing to add flair. Instead of saying a movie was 'exciting,' you could write that the actors 'radiated intense energy' (강렬한 에너지를 발산했다). This makes your writing more sophisticated. You should also be familiar with common collocations like '매력 발산' (radiating charm) and '끼 발산' (releasing talent). These are staples of Korean media and social life. Use this word when you want to describe something that has a powerful, outward-reaching effect on its surroundings.

At the C1 level, you should be able to use '발산하다' in highly formal, academic, or poetic contexts. You understand the philosophical implications of the word—how life itself is a process of '발산' (emission) of energy. You can use it to describe complex social phenomena, such as how a city 'radiates' culture and influence to the surrounding regions. In literary analysis, you might discuss how a character's internal conflict is '발산' (manifested/radiated) through their physical actions or the atmosphere of the scene. You are also expected to know the technical mathematical and physical applications perfectly. You can discuss 'divergent series' (발산급수) or the 'divergence theorem' in a specialized setting. Your usage should be precise; you know when to use '발산' versus '수렴' (convergence) to describe not just numbers, but also opinions or trends. For example, 'The opinions of the committee members are diverging' (위원회 위원들의 의견이 발산하고 있다). This shows a very high level of linguistic flexibility. You can also use the word to describe subtle things, like the 'emission' of a certain 'aura' or 'vibe' from a piece of art or a historical site. At C1, '발산하다' is not just a verb; it’s a tool for nuanced expression that captures the dynamic relationship between a source and its environment.

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At the C2 level, '발산하다' is a word you use with native-like precision and creative flair. You can play with its meanings in metaphors and advanced rhetoric. You might use it in a high-level business strategy meeting to describe how a company's core values should 'radiate' (발산) through every touchpoint of the customer experience. You are fully aware of the etymological roots (發散) and can use this knowledge to understand or even coin related terms in a specialized field. You can effortlessly switch between the scientific, mathematical, psychological, and artistic meanings of the word without any confusion. In a debate, you might use it to describe the 'divergence' of societal values in the digital age. You also understand the cultural history of the word, including how its usage has evolved in Korean media from a technical term to a common slang for 'showing off.' Your ability to use '발산하다' reflects a deep understanding of the Korean language's ability to blend Hanja-based precision with modern expressive needs. Whether you are writing a scientific paper, a poem, or a legal brief, you know exactly when '발산하다' is the most effective word to convey the idea of powerful, outward, and transformative movement. You can even use it ironically or humorously in social situations to describe someone who is 'radiating' an overly intense or awkward energy.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

발산하다 30秒で

Used for physical emission like light, heat, and scents from a source.
Commonly describes the outward expression of charm, talent, or charisma in media.
Refers to the healthy release of internal stress or suppressed emotions.
A technical term in mathematics for 'divergence,' the opposite of convergence.

The Korean verb 발산하다 (balsanhada) is a multifaceted term that bridges the gap between the physical world of science and the internal world of human emotion. At its core, the word consists of the Hanja characters 發 (발 - to emit/send out) and 散 (산 - to scatter/disperse). In a literal, scientific sense, it describes the process of energy, light, or heat moving outward from a source into the surrounding environment. However, for a language learner at the B2 level, the more common and nuanced usage involves the outward expression of internal states—such as talent, charm, or stress.

Physical Emission: This refers to the literal release of substances or energy. For example, a radiator emits heat, or a flower disperses its scent. It is commonly used in biology, chemistry, and physics textbooks to describe how organisms or objects interact with their environment through radiation or evaporation.
Emotional and Artistic Release: In daily life, Koreans frequently use this word to describe 'letting off steam' or 'showing off one's charms.' If you have been working hard and go to a karaoke room (noraebang) to scream your heart out, you are 'releasing' your accumulated stress. Similarly, an idol on stage is said to 'emit' their charisma or 'radiate' their talent to the audience.

그는 무대 위에서 자신의 모든 에너지를 발산했다.
— He released all of his energy on stage.

Understanding the context is crucial. While '방출하다' (to discharge) might be used for industrial waste or professional sports players being released from a team, 발산하다 carries a connotation of natural flow or a burst of energy that spreads in all directions. It is less about 'getting rid of' and more about 'spreading out' or 'manifesting' something that was previously contained within. This is why it is the preferred term for charisma (카리스마 발산) and charm (매력 발산).

운동은 스트레스를 발산하는 좋은 방법입니다.
— Exercise is a good way to release stress.

Mathematical Divergence: In calculus, this word is the technical term for 'divergence.' When a sequence or a function does not converge to a specific value but instead grows infinitely, it is said to '발산하다.' This is the direct antonym of '수렴하다' (to converge).

When using this word in a social context, it often implies a positive or powerful release. For instance, '젊음을 발산하다' (to radiate youth) suggests a vibrant, energetic lifestyle. It's not just about the action of moving out; it's about the impact that movement has on the surroundings. Whether it's the heat from the sun or the passion of a performer, 발산하다 captures the essence of something being projected outward with force or beauty.

꽃들이 향기를 발산하기 시작했다.
— The flowers began to emit their fragrance.

Mastering 발산하다 requires understanding its grammatical flexibility across different registers. As a verb, it typically follows the structure [Noun] + 을/를 + 발산하다, where the noun is the object being emitted or expressed. However, in scientific or mathematical contexts, it can also function as an intransitive verb where a subject simply 'diverges' or 'radiates' without a direct object.

Describing Physical Phenomena: When talking about light, heat, or chemicals, the word is used formally. It describes the natural properties of an object. '태양은 막대한 에너지를 발산합니다' (The sun emits enormous energy). Here, the verb highlights the continuous and powerful nature of the emission.
Describing Human Traits: This is the most common use in modern media. It is often paired with abstract nouns like '매력' (charm), '끼' (talent/flair), or '포스' (presence/aura). For example, '그녀는 독보적인 카리스마를 발산하며 무대를 압도했다' (She dominated the stage, radiating unrivaled charisma).

그 영화배우는 스크린을 통해 강렬한 눈빛을 발산했다.
— That actor emitted a powerful gaze through the screen.

In psychological contexts, 발산하다 is used to describe the healthy release of pent-up feelings. Instead of suppressing emotions (억제하다), one should find ways to '발산' them. This is why you will hear phrases like '욕구 발산' (releasing desires) or '스트레스 발산' (releasing stress). It suggests a cathartic process that prevents internal explosion or burnout.

이 기계는 열을 효율적으로 발산하도록 설계되었습니다.
— This machine was designed to emit heat efficiently.

In academic writing, particularly in mathematics, the usage changes slightly. You might see sentences like '이 수열은 양의 무한대로 발산한다' (This sequence diverges to positive infinity). In this case, there is no object marker (을/를), and the verb functions to describe the state or behavior of the mathematical entity.

Colloquial Usage: While '발산하다' sounds somewhat formal, it is used in casual conversations when discussing hobbies. '주말에 등산을 하면서 스트레스를 좀 발산하려고요' (I'm planning to release some stress by hiking this weekend). It sounds more active and intentional than simply 'rest' (쉬다).

그녀의 미소는 주변 사람들에게 긍정적인 에너지를 발산한다.
— Her smile radiates positive energy to those around her.

If you are a fan of Korean media, you will encounter 발산하다 in several distinct environments. Each context provides a slightly different flavor to the word, from the high-energy world of entertainment to the clinical world of science.

K-Pop and Variety Shows: This is perhaps the most frequent place to hear the word today. Music critics and fans often use it to describe a performer's stage presence. On shows like 'Running Man' or 'Knowing Bros,' guests are often asked to '발산' their hidden charms. You'll hear phrases like '치명적인 매력 발산' (radiating fatal charm) or '숨겨둔 끼 발산' (releasing hidden talent).
Science and Educational Content: In documentaries or educational YouTube channels like 'National Geographic Korea' or 'YTN Science,' the word is used to describe natural laws. You'll hear it in discussions about how the Earth radiates heat back into space or how certain chemicals emit gas. It sounds precise and objective in these settings.

아이돌 멤버들이 각자의 매력을 발산하며 팬들을 사로잡았다.
— The idol members captivated fans by radiating their individual charms.

Another common area is in health and wellness. Doctors and psychologists often talk about the importance of 'energy release.' In a culture that values hard work and often leads to high stress, the concept of '스트레스 발산' is a regular topic in morning talk shows and health magazines. They might recommend exercise, singing, or even crying as a way to '발산' those negative emotions.

이 향수는 은은한 꽃향기를 발산하여 인기가 많다.
— This perfume is popular because it emits a subtle floral scent.

In business settings, particularly in marketing, you might hear about '브랜드 정체성을 발산하다' (radiating brand identity). This means that every aspect of a product or company should clearly project its core values to the consumer. It’s a way of saying the brand shouldn't just exist, but should actively push its message outward.

Literature and Poetry: In more poetic contexts, 발산하다 is used to describe the blooming of life. A poet might write about the '발산' of life force in the spring, where every living thing is pushing its energy outward after a long winter. It carries a sense of inevitability and overwhelming power.

그의 연설은 청중들에게 큰 울림과 희망을 발산했다.
— His speech radiated a great resonance and hope to the audience.

While 발산하다 is a versatile word, learners often confuse it with other verbs that deal with 'outward movement' or 'expression.' Understanding the boundaries of this word is key to sounding natural in Korean.

Confusion with 배출하다 (Baechul-hada): '배출하다' means to discharge, exhaust, or emit waste. You use it for car exhaust or garbage. If you use '발산하다' for trash, it sounds like the trash is 'radiating' talent or energy, which is nonsensical. Use '발산하다' for energy/light/talent and '배출하다' for physical waste or discharging something from a system.
Confusion with 방출하다 (Bangchul-hada): '방출하다' is closer to 'release' or 'release into the wild.' It’s used when a sports team releases a player or when energy is released in a sudden burst (like radiation). While they overlap in physics, '발산하다' is more about the continuous spreading out, while '방출하다' is about the act of letting something go or pushing it out of a container.

[Wrong]: 쓰레기를 발산하지 마세요. (Don't 'radiate' trash.)
[Right]: 쓰레기를 배출하지 마세요. (Don't discharge/dispose of trash.)

Another mistake is overusing it for simple communication. If you want to say 'I expressed my opinion,' do not use 발산하다. Use '표현하다' or '드러내다.' 발산하다 implies a much more powerful, non-verbal, or energetic projection. Using it for a simple statement makes you sound overly dramatic, like you were 'radiating' your opinion like a sun.

[Wrong]: 내 생각을 발산했어.
[Right]: 내 생각을 말했어 / 표현했어.

In mathematics, learners often mix up '발산' (divergence) and '수렴' (convergence). Since they are direct opposites, confusing them will lead to the exact wrong answer in a technical context. Always remember that '발산' is the one that 'scatters' away to infinity.

Misusing the Particle: When using it for 'divergence' (math) or 'radiation' (physics) as an intransitive verb, use the particle '이/가'. When using it for 'expressing talent' as a transitive verb, use '을/를'. Mixing these up is a common grammatical slip for B1-B2 learners.

수열이 발산한다. (The sequence diverges.)
매력을 발산한다. (Radiates charm.)

To truly master 발산하다, you should know its synonyms and how they differ in nuance. Korean has many words for 'expressing' or 'emitting,' and choosing the right one depends on the context.

표출하다 (Pyochul-hada) vs 발산하다: '표출하다' is specifically about bringing internal feelings or thoughts to the surface. It is often used for 'expressing' anger or hidden emotions. While '발산하다' is about the energy spreading out, '표출하다' is about the act of making the internal external. You '발산' stress (release it into the air), but you '표출' your anger (show it to others).
방출하다 (Bangchul-hada) vs 발산하다: As mentioned before, '방출하다' is more technical or organizational. It’s used for releasing energy in physics (radiation) or releasing a player from a contract. '발산하다' feels more like a natural, continuous glow or a personal expression of talent.

그는 억눌린 감정을 밖으로 표출했다.
— He expressed his suppressed emotions outwardly.

When it comes to 'talent' or 'charm,' you might also hear 뽐내다 (Ppomnaeda). This means 'to show off' or 'to boast.' While '발산하다' is a neutral or positive description of energy moving out, '뽐내다' is more about the person's intention to be seen and praised. You '발산' charm naturally, but you '뽐내' your new clothes.

태양은 빛과 열을 방사한다.
— The sun radiates light and heat (Technical: Bangsa-hada).

In physics, 방사하다 (Bangsa-hada) is another alternative, meaning 'to radiate.' It is strictly technical. You would never use '방사하다' to talk about a singer's charm. This highlights how '발산하다' is the unique middle ground that works for both a lightbulb and a K-pop star.

드러내다 (Deureonaeda): This means 'to reveal' or 'to expose.' If you reveal a secret or reveal your true feelings, you use '드러내다.' It doesn't have the 'scattering' or 'radiating' nuance of '발산하다.' It’s simply about making something visible that was hidden.

그는 자신의 실력을 마음껏 발휘했다.
— He demonstrated his skills to the fullest (Usage: Balhwi-hada).

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

While '발산' is now a common word in K-pop to describe charm, its origins are rooted in classical Chinese physics and philosophy describing the movement of 'Qi' (energy).

発音ガイド

UK /palsanhada/

US /balsanhada/

In Korean, stress is generally even across syllables, but a slight emphasis may be placed on the first syllable '발'.

韻が合う語

확산하다 (hwaksanhada - to diffuse) 해산하다 (haesanhada - to dissolve/disperse) 계산하다 (gyesanhada - to calculate) 청산하다 (cheongsanhada - to liquidate/settle) 예산하다 (yesanhada - to budget) 결산하다 (gyeolsanhada - to settle accounts) 합산하다 (hapsanhada - to add up) 도산하다 (dosanhada - to go bankrupt)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing '발' as '팔' (aspiration error).
Over-emphasizing the 'h' in '하다' so it sounds like two separate words.
Mispronouncing '산' as '선'.
Drawing out the '발' sound too long.
Muffling the 'ㄹ' (rieul) patchim at the end of the first syllable.

難易度

読解 4/5

Common in written media and science, but requires Hanja knowledge for deep understanding.

ライティング 4/5

Requires precision to avoid confusion with '배출' or '방출'.

スピーキング 3/5

Common in variety show contexts and easy to use once collocations are learned.

リスニング 3/5

Easily recognizable in K-pop and media contexts.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

빛 열 나오다 표현하다 에너지

次に学ぶ

수렴하다 방출하다 배출하다 확산되다 표출하다

上級

방사선 발산급수 발산적 사고 열전도

知っておくべき文法

Object Marker 을/를

매력을 발산하다.

Subject Marker 이/가 (Intransitive)

수열이 발산한다.

Causative -시키다

열을 발산시키다.

Noun-modifying -는

에너지를 발산하는 기계.

Connective -으면서 (Simultaneous)

춤을 추면서 에너지를 발산했다.

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レベル別の例文

태양은 빛을 발산해요.

The sun emits light.

Basic subject + object + verb structure.

난로가 열을 발산해요.

The heater emits heat.

Present tense polite form -해요.

꽃이 향기를 발산해요.

The flower emits a scent.

The object is '향기' (scent).

전등이 빛을 발산합니다.

The lamp emits light.

Formal polite ending -합니다.

이것은 에너지를 발산해요.

This emits energy.

Using '이것' (this) as a subject.

별이 빛을 발산하고 있어요.

The star is emitting light.

-고 있다 indicates progressive action.

불이 열을 발산합니다.

The fire emits heat.

Simple physical description.

그녀는 미소를 발산해요.

She radiates a smile.

Metaphorical use for beginners.

아이들은 에너지를 발산해야 해요.

Children need to release energy.

-해야 하다 means 'must' or 'need to'.

운동으로 스트레스를 발산하세요.

Release stress through exercise.

-으세요 is a polite command/suggestion.

이 향수는 좋은 향기를 발산한다.

This perfume emits a good scent.

Plain form -ㄴ다 used in writing.

노래방에서 스트레스를 발산했어요.

I released stress at the karaoke room.

Past tense -았/었어요.

그는 밝은 에너지를 발산하는 사람이에요.

He is a person who radiates bright energy.

-는 is a noun-modifying suffix.

기계가 너무 많은 열을 발산해요.

The machine is emitting too much heat.

Adverb '너무' (too much) used.

그녀는 무대에서 매력을 발산했어요.

She radiated charm on stage.

Focus on '매력' (charm).

땀을 흘리며 에너지를 발산해요.

I release energy while sweating.

-으며 means 'while doing'.

오늘 무대에서 너의 끼를 마음껏 발산해 봐.

Try to release all your talent on stage today.

'끼' refers to innate talent or flair.

그 배우는 눈빛만으로 카리스마를 발산한다.

That actor radiates charisma just with his eyes.

'-만으로' means 'just with' or 'only by'.

축제 현장은 젊음의 열기를 발산하고 있었다.

The festival scene was radiating the heat of youth.

Metaphorical use of '열기' (heat/passion).

답답한 마음을 여행으로 발산하고 싶어요.

I want to release my frustrated feelings through travel.

-고 싶다 expresses desire.

이 식물은 밤에 산소를 발산합니다.

This plant emits oxygen at night.

Scientific usage in a polite formal tone.

그녀의 옷차림은 세련된 감각을 발산한다.

Her outfit radiates a sophisticated sense.

Using '감각' (sense/style) as the object.

우리는 춤을 추며 자유를 발산했다.

We radiated freedom while dancing.

Abstract concept '자유' (freedom).

그 가수는 독특한 분위기를 발산해요.

That singer radiates a unique atmosphere/vibe.

'분위기' means atmosphere or vibe.

창의적인 사고는 다양한 방향으로 아이디어를 발산한다.

Creative thinking radiates ideas in various directions.

Describes divergent thinking (발산적 사고).

그는 억눌린 욕구를 예술을 통해 발산했다.

He released his suppressed desires through art.

'억눌린' means suppressed or pent-up.

이 소재는 열을 빠르게 발산하는 특징이 있습니다.

This material has the characteristic of emitting heat quickly.

'-는 특징이 있다' means 'has the characteristic of'.

그 연설가는 청중에게 강력한 영향력을 발산했다.

The speaker radiated a powerful influence to the audience.

Focus on '영향력' (influence).

그녀는 자신감 넘치는 태도로 매력을 발산하고 있다.

She is radiating charm with a confident attitude.

'-감 넘치는' means 'overflowing with (feeling)'.

적절한 취미 생활은 부정적인 감정을 발산하는 데 도움이 된다.

A proper hobby helps in releasing negative emotions.

'-는 데 도움이 되다' means 'is helpful in doing'.

블랙홀은 강력한 X선을 외부로 발산한다.

Black holes emit powerful X-rays outwardly.

Technical scientific context.

그 신인 그룹은 무대에서 폭발적인 에너지를 발산했다.

The rookie group radiated explosive energy on stage.

'폭발적인' means explosive.

수학적으로 이 급수는 무한대로 발산함을 증명할 수 있다.

Mathematically, it can be proven that this series diverges to infinity.

'-함' turns the verb into a noun for formal proof.

도시의 화려한 조명은 문명의 풍요로움을 발산하고 있다.

The city's brilliant lights radiate the abundance of civilization.

Poetic and sociological observation.

그 작가의 문체는 냉소적인 분위기를 강하게 발산한다.

The author's writing style strongly radiates a cynical atmosphere.

Literary analysis context.

반도체 소자의 성능은 열을 얼마나 잘 발산하느냐에 달려 있다.

The performance of semiconductor devices depends on how well they dissipate heat.

'-느냐에 달려 있다' means 'depends on'.

집단 지성은 개개인의 창의성이 발산될 때 극대화된다.

Collective intelligence is maximized when individual creativity is radiated/released.

Passive form '발산될' (be radiated).

그의 철학적 사유는 시대를 앞서가는 통찰력을 발산했다.

His philosophical thought radiated insights ahead of its time.

'사유' means deep thought/contemplation.

문화적 역량이 세계로 발산되면서 국가 이미지가 제고되었다.

As cultural capabilities radiated globally, the national image improved.

'-면서' indicates simultaneous actions/states.

그 고택은 세월의 흐름과 고즈넉한 멋을 발산하고 있었다.

The old house was radiating the flow of time and a quiet beauty.

'고즈넉하다' means quiet and peaceful.

우주의 팽창 속도가 가속화됨에 따라 은하들은 서로에게서 발산하고 있다.

As the expansion of the universe accelerates, galaxies are diverging from each other.

Scientific divergence in astrophysics.

포스트모더니즘 건축은 정형화된 틀을 벗어나 파격적인 미를 발산한다.

Postmodern architecture breaks away from standardized frames and radiates unconventional beauty.

High-level art and architectural criticism.

다양한 가치관이 발산하는 현대 사회에서는 갈등의 수렴이 쉽지 않다.

In modern society where diverse values diverge, it is not easy to converge conflicts.

Comparing '발산' (divergence) with '수렴' (convergence).

그의 연기는 인간 내면의 심연에 도사린 원초적 공포를 발산해 낸다.

His acting radiates the primal fear lurking in the abyss of the human psyche.

'-어 내다' emphasizes achieving a difficult result.

연구 결과가 예상과 달리 사방으로 발산하여 결론을 내기 어렵다.

The research results, contrary to expectations, diverged in all directions, making it hard to draw a conclusion.

Describing data that lacks a clear trend.

태양풍은 지구 자기장과 충돌하며 화려한 오로라의 빛을 발산시킨다.

Solar winds collide with Earth's magnetic field, causing the brilliant lights of the aurora to be emitted.

Causative form '-시키다'.

언어의 의미는 맥락에 따라 무수히 많은 해석의 가능성을 발산한다.

The meaning of language radiates countless possibilities of interpretation depending on the context.

Linguistic philosophy context.

그 정치가의 발언은 사회적 담론의 확산과 갈등의 발산을 초래했다.

The politician's remarks brought about the expansion of social discourse and the divergence of conflict.

Formal political analysis.

類義語

방출하다 뿜어내다 표출하다

反対語

흡수하다 억제하다

よく使う組み合わせ

매력을 발산하다

스트레스를 발산하다

끼를 발산하다

열을 발산하다

에너지를 발산하다

카리스마를 발산하다

향기를 발산하다

빛을 발산하다

무한대로 발산하다

욕구를 발산하다

よく使うフレーズ

매력 발산

— A noun phrase meaning 'showing off one's charm.' Very common in variety shows.

장기 자랑 시간에 매력 발산을 했다.

스트레스 발산법

— Methods for releasing stress. Often used in self-help contexts.

나만의 스트레스 발산법이 필요하다.

끼 발산

— Releasing one's innate talent or flair, especially in performing arts.

그의 끼 발산은 모두를 놀라게 했다.

열 발산 장치

— A device for dissipating heat, like a heat sink in a computer.

노트북의 열 발산 장치가 고장 났다.

에너지 발산구

— An outlet for energy. Can be literal or metaphorical.

운동은 좋은 에너지 발산구이다.

발산형 사고

— Divergent thinking. Thinking in many different directions to find creative solutions.

창의력을 위해서는 발산형 사고가 중요하다.

빛의 발산

— The emission of light from a source.

별빛의 발산 원리를 공부했다.

젊음의 발산

— The radiation or expression of youthful energy and passion.

축제는 젊음의 발산의 장이다.

감정의 발산

— The outward release of internal emotions.

눈물은 슬픈 감정의 발산이다.

향기 발산

— The act of a scent spreading from its source.

꽃들의 향기 발산이 시작되는 계절이다.

よく混同される語

발산하다 vs 배출하다

Used for waste or exhaust; '발산' is for energy or charm.

발산하다 vs 방출하다

Used for sudden releases or discharging players; '발산' is for continuous radiation.

발산하다 vs 표출하다

Used for bringing internal feelings to the surface; '발산' focuses on the energy spreading.

慣用句と表現

"끼를 발산하다"

— To show off one's natural talent or flair, usually in a performance.

그는 무대만 서면 끼를 발산한다.

Neutral/Media

"매력을 무한 발산하다"

— To endlessly radiate charm. Often used in fan culture.

우리 오빠는 매력을 무한 발산 중이야.

Informal/Slang

"스트레스를 한 방에 발산하다"

— To release stress all at once, usually through a high-energy activity.

매운 음식을 먹으며 스트레스를 한 방에 발산했다.

Informal

"포스를 발산하다"

— To radiate a powerful aura or presence (from 'Force' in Star Wars).

부장님은 등장만으로 포스를 발산하신다.

Informal/Slang

"열기를 발산하다"

— To radiate intense heat or passion.

콘서트장은 팬들의 열기를 발산하고 있었다.

Neutral

"빛을 발산하다"

— To shine or be very successful in a specific field.

그의 재능이 드디어 빛을 발산하기 시작했다.

Literary

"독보적인 매력을 발산하다"

— To radiate a unique and unrivaled charm.

그녀는 독보적인 매력을 발산하는 배우다.

Formal/Media

"에너지를 밖으로 발산하다"

— To push energy outward, often used in sports coaching.

공을 칠 때 에너지를 밖으로 발산하세요.

Neutral

"향기를 사방에 발산하다"

— To spread a scent in all directions.

봄바람이 꽃의 향기를 사방에 발산한다.

Poetic

"본능을 발산하다"

— To release or act on one's primal instincts.

그는 경기장에서 야성적인 본능을 발산했다.

Neutral

間違えやすい

발산하다 vs 발산 (Emission)

Sounds similar to '발생' (Occurrence).

'발산' is about spreading outward; '발생' is about something starting or happening.

문제가 발생했다 (A problem occurred) vs 열을 발산하다 (Emit heat).

발산하다 vs 발산 (Emission)

Opposite of '수렴' (Convergence).

'발산' goes out/away; '수렴' comes together/inward.

의견이 수렴되었다 (Opinions converged).

발산하다 vs 발산 (Emission)

Similar to '확산' (Diffusion).

'발산' focuses on the source emitting; '확산' focuses on the process of spreading wide.

소문이 확산되다 (Rumors spread).

발산하다 vs 발산 (Emission)

Similar to '발휘' (Demonstration).

'발휘' is for skills/abilities; '발산' is for energy/charm/stress.

실력을 발휘하다 (Show skill).

발산하다 vs 발산 (Emission)

Similar to '방사' (Radiation).

'방사' is purely scientific/linear; '발산' is broader and includes emotional expression.

방사능 (Radioactivity).

文型パターン

[Noun]은 [Noun]을 발산해요.

태양은 빛을 발산해요.

[Noun]으로 [Noun]을 발산하세요.

운동으로 스트레스를 발산하세요.

[Noun]에서 [Noun]을 발산하다.

무대에서 매력을 발산하다.

[Noun]을 마음껏 발산하다.

자신의 끼를 마음껏 발산하다.

[Noun]을 발산하는 데 도움이 되다.

스트레스를 발산하는 데 도움이 되다.

[Noun]이/가 무한대로 발산하다.

이 수열은 무한대로 발산한다.

[Noun]을 통해 [Noun]을 발산하다.

예술을 통해 욕구를 발산하다.

[Noun]에 따라 [Noun]이/가 발산하다.

맥락에 따라 해석이 발산하다.

語族

名詞

발산 Emission, radiation, divergence

발산력 Power of emission or radiation

발산체 An object that emits or radiates something

動詞

발산시키다 To cause something to emit or radiate

발산되다 To be emitted or radiated

形容詞

발산적인 Divergent, radiating

使い方

frequency

High in media, science, and health contexts; medium in daily casual speech.

よくある間違い

쓰레기를 발산하다 → 쓰레기를 배출하다
'발산' is for energy/scents, not physical waste.
의견을 발산하다 → 의견을 표현하다
'발산' is for non-verbal energy or traits, not verbal opinions.
수열을 발산하다 → 수열이 발산하다
In math, it's an intransitive verb (the sequence itself diverges).
냄새를 발산하다 (for bad smells) → 냄새가 나다 / 풍기다
'발산' has a slightly positive or powerful nuance; bad smells just 'happen'.
끼를 수렴하다 → 끼를 발산하다
You don't 'converge' your talent; you 'radiate' it.

ヒント

Use for Charm

Always use '매력 발산' when complimenting someone's vibe or stage presence.

Use for Stress

Use '스트레스 발산' when talking about hobbies like karaoke or exercise.

Particles Matter

Use '을/를' for charm/stress, but '이/가' for math/science divergence.

Pair with '마음껏'

The adverb '마음껏' (to one's heart's content) goes perfectly with '발산하다'.

Variety Show Key

If you watch Korean variety shows, '매력 발산' is a key vocabulary word for understanding guest segments.

Heat Dissipation

In tech, '열 발산' is the standard term for cooling systems.

Emotional Health

Think of '발산' as a healthy release of energy, unlike '억제' (suppression).

Sunlight

Associate '발산' with 'Sun' (산) to remember the 'radiating' meaning.

Poetic Flair

Use it to describe the 'glow' or 'aura' of a setting in your writing.

Not for Trash

Never use it for trash; use '배출' for waste disposal.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'Ball' (발) that is 'Sun' (산)-like. Just as the sun radiates light, this word means to radiate energy or feelings.

視覚的連想

Imagine a bright lightbulb or a K-pop star on stage with rays of light and energy shooting out from them in every direction.

Word Web

에너지 매력 스트레스 빛 열 끼 수학 무한대

チャレンジ

Try to use '발산하다' in three different ways today: once for a physical object (like a heater), once for your feelings, and once for a celebrity's charm.

語源

From the Hanja characters 發 (발) meaning 'to issue/send out' and 散 (산) meaning 'to scatter/disperse'.

元の意味： To send out and scatter something in all directions.

Sino-Korean (Hanja)

文化的な背景

There are no major sensitivities, but avoid using it for negative bodily functions or waste, as it sounds too 'energetic' and 'positive' for those contexts.

While English uses 'emit' for science and 'radiate' for charm, Korean uses '발산하다' for both, making it a very efficient word.

K-pop variety shows often have a '매력 발산' (Charm Appeal) segment. Scientific documentaries on KBS or EBS frequently use '발산' to explain thermodynamics. Psychology books in Korea use '욕구 발산' to discuss human desires.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Science/Physics

열을 발산하다
빛을 발산하다
에너지를 발산하다
방사선을 발산하다

Entertainment/K-Pop

매력을 발산하다
끼를 발산하다
카리스마를 발산하다
무대를 발산하다

Psychology/Health

스트레스를 발산하다
욕구를 발산하다
감정을 발산하다
에너지를 발산하다

Mathematics

무한대로 발산하다
수열이 발산하다
함수가 발산하다
발산급수

Nature/Daily Life

향기를 발산하다
젊음을 발산하다
분위기를 발산하다
미소를 발산하다

会話のきっかけ

"스트레스 쌓일 때 어떻게 발산하세요?"

"그 가수의 어떤 매력이 가장 잘 발산된 것 같아요?"

"여름철에 전자기기가 발산하는 열 때문에 힘들지 않나요?"

"무대에서 끼를 발산하는 사람들을 보면 어떤 기분이 드세요?"

"창의력을 높이기 위해 발산형 사고를 해본 적이 있나요?"

日記のテーマ

오늘 하루 동안 내가 가장 많이 발산한 에너지는 무엇이었나요?

내가 가진 숨겨진 매력을 발산할 수 있는 기회가 있다면 무엇을 하고 싶나요?

최근에 스트레스를 건강하게 발산했던 경험에 대해 써보세요.

자연에서 '발산'의 아름다움을 느꼈던 순간을 묘사해 보세요.

나의 재능을 세상에 더 많이 발산하기 위해 필요한 노력은 무엇일까요?

よくある質問

10 問

It is grammatically possible but uncommon. '풍기다' or '나다' are better for smells, especially negative ones. '발산하다' sounds like the source is intentionally or powerfully radiating the scent.

Yes, but mostly in phrases like '스트레스 발산' (releasing stress). For most other things, people use simpler verbs like '나오다' or '풀다'.

In science, '발산' (divergence/emission) often refers to a field or continuous flow, while '방출' (release/emission) often refers to discrete particles or energy being let out.

Yes, it's a great compliment! It means they are very charming or radiating a great vibe.

Use it as an intransitive verb: '수열이 발산한다' (The sequence diverges). You don't need an object.

It is a medium-to-high formality word. It's perfectly fine in both writing and polite speech.

No, '표현하다' or '말하다' is better. '발산하다' is for energy, not specific verbal information.

It means to show off your natural talent, style, or 'flair' for performing. It's very common for singers and actors.

The opposite is '수렴' (Convergence).

Because stress is seen as 'pent-up energy' that needs to be 'scattered' or 'emitted' out of the body to feel better.

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