このページをあなたの言語で

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

B1 noun 9分で読める

침식

chimsik

練習する例文メモとヒント 침식 30秒で

解説 침식 in your Level:

침식 (Chimsik) is a difficult word for A1 students, but you can think of it as 'nature taking away land.' Imagine a beach where the sand goes away because of the water. That is '침식.' You don't need to use this word yet, but you might see it in pictures of big mountains or rivers. In A1, we usually say '물이 흙을 가져가요' (Water takes the soil) instead of '침식.'

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the A2 level, you can start to recognize '침식' as a science word. It means 'erosion.' It is what happens when wind or water makes a rock smaller over a long time. You can remember it by the word '깎이다' (to be cut/carved). If you see a news report about a beach getting smaller, they will use this word. It is a noun, so you say '침식이 있어요' (There is erosion).

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

For B1 learners, '침식' is an important academic word. You should know that it refers to the physical process of wind, water, or ice wearing away the earth's surface. You should also be able to use it with '되다' (to be eroded) and '시키다' (to erode). For example: '비가 땅을 침식시켜요' (Rain erodes the ground). You might also start seeing it used for abstract things like 'erosion of trust' (신뢰의 침식).

At B2, you should distinguish '침식' from '부식' (corrosion) and '마모' (wear). '침식' is for nature and geography. You should be comfortable reading news articles about environmental problems using this word. You can use it to describe complex social issues, such as how the internet might 'erode' our privacy. It is a formal word used in writing and serious discussions.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

C1 students should understand the deep nuances of '침식.' This includes its Hanja roots (浸 soak, 蝕 eat away) and how it differs from '잠식' (encroachment). You should be able to use it in academic essays or professional reports. For instance, you might analyze the '침식' of democratic values in a political science paper. It implies a slow, persistent, and often irreversible process.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the C2 level, '침식' is a tool for precise expression. You can use it to describe the most subtle philosophical or psychological processes, such as the 'erosion of the self' (자아의 침식) in modern society. You understand its literary value and can use it to create vivid metaphors in high-level literature or oratory. You can also discuss the scientific specifics of different types of erosion (fluvial, aeolian, etc.) using this term.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

練習する例文メモとヒント

침식 30秒で

침식 means 'erosion' in Korean, used for both geological and abstract contexts.
It comes from Hanja meaning 'to soak' and 'to eat away like an insect'.
Commonly used with verbs like 되다 (to be eroded) or 시키다 (to erode).
It is a formal word often found in news, science, and academic writing.

The Korean word 침식 (Chimsik) is a sophisticated noun that primarily refers to the geological process of erosion. In its most literal sense, it describes how the earth's surface is worn away by natural forces like water, wind, and ice. However, its usage extends far beyond geography into abstract realms such as sociology, politics, and psychology. Understanding this word requires looking at its Hanja roots: 浸 (침) meaning 'to soak' or 'to permeate,' and 蝕 (식) meaning 'to eat away' or 'to corrode' (like an insect eating a leaf). Together, they paint a vivid picture of a slow, persistent, and often destructive process that gradually diminishes the integrity of an object or a concept.

Geological Context: In environmental science and geography, 침식 is used to describe how rivers carve canyons, how waves reshape coastlines, and how wind carries away topsoil. It is a fundamental concept in physical geography lessons in Korean schools. For example, '해안 침식' (coastal erosion) is a frequent topic in news reports regarding climate change and rising sea levels.
Abstract and Metaphorical Context: Metaphorically, 침식 describes the gradual weakening or disappearance of non-physical things. You might hear about the 'erosion of traditional values' (전통 가치의 침식) or the 'erosion of trust' (신뢰의 침식). It implies that the change isn't sudden like a break, but a slow wearing down over time due to external pressures.
Economic and Political Context: In economics, it can refer to the 'erosion of purchasing power' or the 'erosion of profit margins.' In politics, it often refers to the gradual loss of authority or the weakening of democratic institutions. It suggests a process that might go unnoticed until significant damage has already occurred.

지속적인 파도의 충격으로 인해 해안선의 침식이 심각한 수준에 도달했습니다.

Translation: Due to the continuous impact of waves, the erosion of the coastline has reached a serious level.

When using 침식, it is important to distinguish it from '부식' (Busik), which means corrosion or rusting. While both involve a gradual breakdown, 침식 is primarily mechanical or physical wearing away, whereas 부식 is a chemical reaction. If a rock is worn down by water, it is 침식; if a metal pipe turns orange and flakes off, it is 부식. This distinction is crucial for learners aiming for B1 proficiency and above.

민주주의의 핵심 가치가 서서히 침식당하고 있다는 우려의 목소리가 높습니다.

Translation: There are high voices of concern that the core values of democracy are being slowly eroded.

In summary, 침식 is a versatile word that bridges the gap between the natural world and the conceptual world. Whether you are describing a mountain range or the state of a relationship, 침식 conveys a sense of inevitable, gradual change caused by external forces. It is a word that invites the listener to consider the long-term impact of seemingly small, repetitive actions.

Using 침식 correctly involves understanding its role as a noun and how it pairs with specific verbs and particles. Most commonly, it acts as the subject or object of a sentence, often paired with the verb 되다 (to become/to be) to form the passive 'to be eroded' (침식되다), or 시키다 (to cause to) for the active 'to erode' (침식시키다).

Pattern: [Subject] + 이/가 + 침식되다: This is the most frequent construction. It describes the thing that is undergoing the erosion. For example: '해안이 침식되다' (The coast is being eroded).
Pattern: [Agent] + 이/가 + [Object] + 을/를 + 침식시키다: This construction identifies the force causing the erosion. For example: '빗물이 토양을 침식시켰다' (Rainwater eroded the soil).

강물의 흐름은 수천 년 동안 바위 계곡을 침식시켜 장관을 만들어냈습니다.

Translation: The flow of the river eroded the rocky valley over thousands of years, creating a magnificent sight.

In abstract contexts, the word is often used to describe the loss of power, rights, or identity. It carries a negative connotation of something precious being slowly taken away. For instance, '사생활 침식' (erosion of privacy) is a major concern in the digital age. In these cases, the 'agent' of erosion is often a technology, a policy, or a social trend.

지나친 상업주의는 예술의 본질적인 가치를 침식하는 결과를 초래할 수 있습니다.

Translation: Excessive commercialism can result in the erosion of the essential value of art.

When discussing environmental issues, you will often see it paired with words like '방지' (prevention) or '대책' (countermeasures). '침식 방지' means 'erosion control' or 'prevention of erosion'. This is a key phrase for anyone interested in environmental policy or engineering in Korea.

Common Verb Pairings

침식이 진행되다 (Erosion is progressing)
침식을 막다 (To stop erosion)
침식에 취약하다 (To be vulnerable to erosion)
침식을 가속화하다 (To accelerate erosion)

Finally, consider the scale. 침식 is rarely used for something that happens in a second. It implies a duration. If a wall falls down because of a hammer, that's not 침식. If a wall falls down because wind has been blowing sand against it for fifty years, that is 침식. Using this word correctly conveys a sense of geological or historical time.

You are most likely to encounter 침식 in formal, educational, or professional settings. It is not a word typically used in casual daily conversations about what to eat for lunch, but it is indispensable in specific domains. Here is where you will hear it most often:

News and Documentaries: Whenever there is a report on environmental changes, such as the shrinking of the Dokdo coastline or the impact of heavy rains on mountain slopes, the word 침식 will be used. Nature documentaries (like those on EBS or KBS) frequently use it to explain how landscapes like the Grand Canyon or the Korean 'Duryun' mountains were formed.
Academic and Educational Settings: From middle school geography to university-level geology and civil engineering, 침식 is a core vocabulary term. Students learn about '풍화' (weathering), '침식' (erosion), and '퇴적' (deposition) as a trio of geological processes. In these contexts, it is a neutral, scientific term.
Business and Political Analysis: In economic columns or political debates, speakers use 침식 to describe the loss of market share or the weakening of a political party's base. Phrases like '시장 점유율의 침식' (erosion of market share) are common when discussing competition between big tech companies.

뉴스 리포터: "기후 변화로 인한 해수면 상승으로 서해안의 해안 침식이 가속화되고 있습니다."

Translation: News Reporter: "Due to rising sea levels caused by climate change, coastal erosion on the West Coast is accelerating."

You might also encounter it in historical literature or essays discussing the 'erosion of the soul' or the 'erosion of tradition' in the face of modernization. Korean writers often use geological metaphors to describe social changes, and 침식 is a favorite for its evocative sense of slow, inevitable loss.

강연자: "우리는 디지털 기기에 의한 집중력 침식에 대해 깊이 고민해 보아야 합니다."

Translation: Lecturer: "We must deeply consider the erosion of concentration caused by digital devices."

In summary, if you are reading a newspaper, watching a documentary, or listening to a lecture about social trends, 침식 is a word you will likely meet. It signals a shift into a more formal and analytical register of the Korean language.

While 침식 seems straightforward, English speakers and even intermediate Korean learners often make specific errors when using it. The most common mistakes involve confusing it with similar-sounding or related concepts.

Mistake 1: Confusing 침식 (Chimsik) with 부식 (Busik): As mentioned before, this is the most frequent error. '침식' is physical/mechanical (wind/water wearing down a rock). '부식' is chemical (rust on iron, acid eating through metal). You cannot say the sea '부식'ed the cliff unless you mean a chemical reaction occurred. Use '침식' for geological wear.
Mistake 2: Confusing 침식 with 풍화 (Punghwa): In geography, '풍화' (weathering) is the breaking down of rocks *in place*. '침식' (erosion) is the *removal* and transport of that material. While they happen together, they are distinct steps. Using '침식' when you mean the rock simply cracked due to temperature changes (weathering) is technically incorrect in a scientific context.
Mistake 3: Overusing it in Casual Conversation: If you say your shoes are '침식'ed, it sounds very strange and overly dramatic. For shoes or clothes, use '닳다' (to wear out) or '마모되다' (to be worn down). 침식 is reserved for much larger scales or abstract concepts.

❌ 철문이 바닷바람에 침식되었습니다.
✅ 철문이 바닷바람에 부식되었습니다.

Note: Iron gates 'corrode' (부식), they don't 'erode' (침식) in the geological sense.

Another mistake is using the wrong particle. Since 침식 is a noun, learners often forget to use the correct verb ending. Saying '산이 침식했다' (The mountain eroded) sounds like the mountain actively did something. It's better to say '산이 침식되었다' (The mountain was eroded) or '비가 산을 침식했다' (The rain eroded the mountain).

Finally, avoid using 침식 for sudden events. An earthquake doesn't cause 침식; it causes '붕괴' (collapse). 침식 is always a slow-motion process. If you describe a building falling down in a storm as 침식, native speakers will be confused. Use it for the slow, grinding work of nature and time.

Korean has a rich vocabulary for describing the breakdown of things. Choosing the right word depends on the cause and the result. Here is a comparison of 침식 with its closest relatives.

침식 (Chimsik) vs. 부식 (Busik): 침식: Physical wearing away (wind, water). Example: A river carving a valley.
부식: Chemical decay or rusting. Example: A car rusting in the rain.
침식 (Chimsik) vs. 마모 (Mamo): 침식: Natural/Geological scale. Used for earth, soil, and abstract concepts like rights.
마모: Mechanical wear and tear. Used for machine parts, tires, or the soles of shoes that wear down from friction.
침식 (Chimsik) vs. 잠식 (Jamsik): 침식: Wearing away from the outside. Often used for natural processes.
잠식: Encroaching or eating into something from the inside or gradually taking over. Frequently used in business (market encroachment: 시장 잠식) or when one territory slowly takes over another.

비교: 계곡의 바위는 침식되고, 기계의 부품은 마모되며, 오래된 철교는 부식됩니다.

Translation: Comparison: Valley rocks are eroded (침식), machine parts are worn down (마모), and old iron bridges are corroded (부식).

In a more general sense, you might use '깎이다' (to be carved/cut away). This is a native Korean word (Pure Korean) that is much more common in daily speech. Instead of saying '해안이 침식되었어요', a regular person might say '해변이 파도에 깎여 나갔어요'. Using 침식 shows you have a more academic or professional grasp of the language.

Lastly, consider '쇠퇴' (decline). While 침식 describes the *process* of being worn away, 쇠퇴 describes the *state* of declining power or influence. They are often used together in historical contexts: '국력의 침식은 결국 국가의 쇠퇴로 이어졌다' (The erosion of national power eventually led to the decline of the nation).

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The '식' in 침식 is the same '식' used in '일식' (solar eclipse) and '월식' (lunar eclipse). In ancient times, people thought a celestial monster was 'eating away' at the sun or moon, which is the same imagery used for erosion eating away at the land.

発音ガイド

UK /tɕʰim.ɕik̚/

US /tɕʰim.ɕik̚/

In Korean, stress is generally equal on both syllables, but the first syllable '침' might feel slightly longer due to the nasal 'm' sound.

韻が合う語

지식 (Knowledge) 의식 (Consciousness) 휴식 (Rest) 음식 (Food) 장식 (Decoration) 공식 (Formula) 소식 (News) 방식 (Method)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing '식' like 'seek' with a long vowel. It should be short.
Failing to aspirate the 'ch' in '침'. It should have a puff of air.
Pronouncing the final 'k' in '식' too loudly. It should be a 'stop' sound.
Confusing the vowel '이' in both syllables with '으'.
Over-emphasizing the 'm' sound so it sounds like 'chim-mu-sik'.

難易度

読解 4/5

Common in news and textbooks, but requires Hanja knowledge for deep understanding.

ライティング 5/5

Requires knowledge of passive/active verb forms like 되다/시키다.

スピーキング 4/5

Pronunciation is clear, but finding the right context to use it is key.

リスニング 3/5

Easy to recognize in documentaries due to clear syllables.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

바람 (wind) 물 (water) 땅 (ground) 바위 (rock) 변하다 (to change)

次に学ぶ

풍화 (weathering) 퇴적 (deposition) 지형 (terrain) 생태계 (ecosystem) 보존 (preservation)

上級

삭박 (denudation) 잠식 (encroachment) 부식 (corrosion) 용식 (corrasion)

知っておくべき文法

Passive -되다 with Hanja Nouns

침식 + 되다 = 침식되다 (To be eroded)

Causative -시키다 with Hanja Nouns

침식 + 시키다 = 침식시키다 (To cause to erode)

Noun + 에 의한 (By/Due to)

바람에 의한 침식 (Erosion by wind)

Noun + 로 인한 (Due to/Resulting from)

침식으로 인한 피해 (Damage due to erosion)

Nounizing verbs with -기

침식을 막기 (Stopping erosion)

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

レベル別の例文

물이 산을 침식해요.

Water erodes the mountain.

Simple subject-object-verb structure.

바람이 흙을 침식해요.

Wind erodes the soil.

Noun '침식' used as a verb with '해요'.

침식은 무서워요.

Erosion is scary.

Noun as a subject.

바다에서 침식이 일어나요.

Erosion happens at the sea.

Using '일어나다' (to happen).

돌이 침식되었어요.

The stone was eroded.

Passive form with '되었어요'.

침식 때문에 길이 없어요.

The road is gone because of erosion.

Using '때문에' (because of).

비가 침식을 만들어요.

Rain makes erosion.

Simple transitive structure.

침식을 보세요.

Look at the erosion.

Imperative form.

강물이 바위를 침식해서 구멍이 생겼어요.

The river water eroded the rock, so a hole was made.

Connecting two sentences with '-해서'.

해안 침식이 아주 심해요.

The coastal erosion is very severe.

Adjective '심하다' (to be severe).

나무를 심으면 침식을 막을 수 있어요.

If you plant trees, you can stop erosion.

'-을 수 있다' (can do).

오랜 시간 동안 침식이 진행되었습니다.

Erosion progressed over a long time.

Formal past tense '-었습니다'.

바람에 의한 침식 현상입니다.

It is an erosion phenomenon caused by wind.

'-에 의한' (caused by).

침식은 자연스러운 과정이에요.

Erosion is a natural process.

Polite ending '-이에요'.

산의 흙이 침식되어 내려왔어요.

The mountain's soil was eroded and came down.

Compound verb '내려오다'.

침식을 방지하는 것이 중요합니다.

Preventing erosion is important.

Nounizing with '-는 것'.

지속적인 강우로 인해 토양 침식이 가속화되고 있습니다.

Soil erosion is accelerating due to continuous rainfall.

'-로 인해' (due to) and '가속화되다' (to accelerate).

이 지역은 해안 침식에 매우 취약합니다.

This area is very vulnerable to coastal erosion.

'-에 취약하다' (vulnerable to).

환경 보호를 위해 침식 방지 공사를 시작했습니다.

Erosion prevention construction has started for environmental protection.

'-를 위해' (for the sake of).

빙하의 이동은 지표면을 강력하게 침식시킵니다.

The movement of glaciers powerfully erodes the earth's surface.

Adverb '강력하게' (powerfully).

과도한 개발이 산림의 침식을 초래했습니다.

Excessive development resulted in the erosion of the forest.

'초래하다' (to result in/cause).

침식 작용은 지형을 변화시키는 주요 원인 중 하나입니다.

Erosion is one of the main reasons for changing the terrain.

'-는 원인 중 하나' (one of the reasons).

정부는 해안 침식 문제를 해결하기 위해 노력하고 있습니다.

The government is making efforts to solve the coastal erosion problem.

'-기 위해 노력하다' (effort to do).

침식된 바위의 모양이 마치 사자 같습니다.

The shape of the eroded rock looks just like a lion.

'-마치 ... 같다' (looks like).

기술의 발전이 인간의 노동 가치를 침식해서는 안 됩니다.

The advancement of technology must not erode the value of human labor.

'-해서는 안 된다' (must not).

권력의 남용은 민주주의의 근간을 침식할 위험이 있습니다.

Abuse of power risks eroding the foundations of democracy.

'-ㄹ 위험이 있다' (risk of).

인플레이션은 서민들의 구매력을 서서히 침식합니다.

Inflation slowly erodes the purchasing power of ordinary people.

Abstract usage in economics.

그의 무책임한 행동이 팀의 신뢰를 침식하기 시작했습니다.

His irresponsible behavior began to erode the team's trust.

Usage with abstract 'trust'.

해안 침식 대책으로 테트라포드를 설치하는 경우가 많습니다.

Tetrapods are often installed as a countermeasure for coastal erosion.

Technical term '테트라포드'.

문화적 침식은 소수 민족의 정체성을 위협하는 요소입니다.

Cultural erosion is a factor that threatens the identity of ethnic minorities.

Usage in sociology.

강물의 침식력은 경사도에 따라 크게 달라집니다.

The erosive power of a river varies greatly depending on the slope.

'-에 따라 달라지다' (varies depending on).

이 소설은 전쟁이 인간성을 어떻게 침식하는지 보여줍니다.

This novel shows how war erodes humanity.

Indirect question '-는지'.

무분별한 정보의 홍수가 비판적 사고 능력을 침식하고 있습니다.

A flood of indiscriminate information is eroding the ability for critical thinking.

Metaphorical 'flood' (홍수).

자본의 논리가 예술적 창의성을 침식하는 현상을 경계해야 합니다.

We must be wary of the phenomenon where the logic of capital erodes artistic creativity.

'경계해야 한다' (must be wary).

해당 연구는 하천의 측방 침식이 지형 발달에 미치는 영향을 분석했습니다.

The study analyzed the impact of lateral erosion of rivers on terrain development.

Academic term '측방 침식' (lateral erosion).

권위주의적 통치는 사법부의 독립성을 심각하게 침식시켰습니다.

Authoritarian rule seriously eroded the independence of the judiciary.

Political context.

언어의 오염은 사고의 깊이를 침식하는 결과를 낳습니다.

The pollution of language results in the erosion of the depth of thought.

'결과를 낳다' (to produce a result).

토양의 산성화는 지표면의 침식 저항력을 약화시킵니다.

Soil acidification weakens the erosion resistance of the earth's surface.

Scientific causal relationship.

가짜 뉴스는 사회적 합의의 토대를 침식하는 독소와 같습니다.

Fake news is like a toxin that erodes the foundation of social consensus.

Simile '독소와 같다'.

기득권의 저항은 개혁의 동력을 서서히 침식하기 마련입니다.

Resistance from vested interests is bound to slowly erode the momentum of reform.

'-기 마련이다' (is bound to).

니체는 허무주의가 유럽 문명의 도덕적 근간을 침식하고 있다고 진단했습니다.

Nietzsche diagnosed that nihilism was eroding the moral foundations of European civilization.

Philosophical discourse.

포퓰리즘의 발흥은 제도적 민주주의의 정당성을 침식하는 기제로 작용합니다.

The rise of populism acts as a mechanism that erodes the legitimacy of institutional democracy.

High-level vocabulary '기제' (mechanism).

물질주의의 만연은 인간 내면의 영성마저 침식해 버렸습니다.

The prevalence of materialism has even eroded the internal spirituality of humans.

Emphatic '-마저' (even).

빙하기 이후 발생한 대규모 침식 작용이 현재의 피오르드 지형을 형성했습니다.

Large-scale erosion that occurred after the Ice Age formed the current fjord landscape.

Geological history.

관료주의의 비대화는 조직의 효율성을 침식하는 고질적인 병폐입니다.

The bloating of bureaucracy is a chronic malady that erodes organizational efficiency.

'고질적인 병폐' (chronic malady).

디지털 아카이브의 훼손은 인류 공동의 기억을 침식하는 행위입니다.

The damage to digital archives is an act that erodes the collective memory of humanity.

Conceptual 'collective memory'.

시장의 독점화는 자유 경쟁의 원칙을 본질적으로 침식합니다.

Monopolization of the market essentially erodes the principle of free competition.

Economic theory.

침식의 미학은 낡고 바랜 것에서 발견되는 시간의 흔적을 긍정합니다.

The aesthetics of erosion affirm the traces of time found in things that are old and faded.

Artistic/Philosophical perspective.

類義語

부식 마모 붕괴

反対語

퇴적

よく使う組み合わせ

해안 침식

토양 침식

침식 작용

침식되다

침식을 막다

권력의 침식

신뢰의 침식

침식 지형

가속화되는 침식

침식에 강하다

よく使うフレーズ

침식 현상

— The phenomenon of erosion. Used to describe the event objectively.

전 세계적으로 침식 현상이 보고되고 있다.

침식 방지

— Prevention of erosion. Often used in engineering and policy.

침식 방지를 위한 둑을 쌓았다.

내면의 침식

— Internal erosion. Used poetically to describe spiritual or mental decline.

외로움이 그의 내면을 침식했다.

가치의 침식

— Erosion of values. Used in cultural or ethical discussions.

배금주의로 인한 도덕적 가치의 침식.

영토 침식

— Territorial erosion. Used when land is lost to natural forces or encroachment.

섬의 영토 침식이 심각하다.

침식 속도

— Erosion rate. Used in scientific measurements.

침식 속도가 예전보다 빨라졌다.

바람에 의한 침식

— Wind-driven erosion (aeolian erosion).

사막의 바위는 바람에 의한 침식으로 만들어졌다.

비에 씻긴 침식

— Erosion washed by rain. Describes soil loss after storms.

비에 씻긴 침식 흔적이 역력하다.

사생활의 침식

— Erosion of privacy. A common topic in digital ethics.

CCTV는 사생활의 침식을 초래할 수 있다.

기반의 침식

— Erosion of the foundation. Used for both buildings and abstract systems.

경제 기반의 침식이 우려된다.

よく混同される語

침식 vs 부식 (Corrosion)

Chemical breakdown vs. physical wearing away.

침식 vs 풍화 (Weathering)

Breaking down in place vs. wearing away and moving.

침식 vs 잠식 (Encroachment)

Taking over territory/market vs. wearing away surface.

慣用句と表現

"가랑비에 옷 젖는 줄 모른다"

— One doesn't realize their clothes are getting soaked in a drizzle. Similar to how erosion happens unnoticed.

작은 지출이 계속되면 가랑비에 옷 젖는 줄 모르듯 가계 경제가 침식된다.

Proverb

"낙수물이 바위를 뚫는다"

— Falling water drops pierce a rock. The ultimate example of 침식 through persistence.

낙수물이 바위를 뚫듯이 침식 작용은 시간을 두고 지형을 바꾼다.

Proverb

"모래성 쌓기"

— Building a sandcastle. Something easily eroded or destroyed.

기반이 없는 계획은 침식에 약한 모래성 쌓기와 같다.

Idiom

"뿌리째 흔들리다"

— To be shaken to the roots. Often the result of severe erosion.

전통이 침식되어 사회가 뿌리째 흔들리고 있다.

Idiom

"갉아먹다"

— To gnaw away. The literal meaning of '식' in 침식.

근심이 사람의 마음을 갉아먹어(침식하여) 병이 나게 한다.

Informal/Idiomatic

"밑 빠진 독에 물 붓기"

— Pouring water into a bottomless pot. When erosion makes effort useless.

침식을 막지 않고 복구하는 것은 밑 빠진 독에 물 붓기다.

Proverb

"빙산의 일각"

— Tip of the iceberg. What we see of erosion is often just a small part.

눈에 보이는 침식은 빙산의 일각일 뿐이다.

Idiom

"뼈를 깎는 노력"

— Bone-carving effort. Uses the same 'carving' imagery as erosion.

침식된 땅을 복구하기 위해 뼈를 깎는 노력이 필요하다.

Idiom

"세월이 약이다"

— Time is medicine. Conversely, time is also the agent of 침식.

세월에 의한 침식은 그 누구도 막을 수 없다.

Proverb

"천 리 길도 한 걸음부터"

— A journey of a thousand miles starts with a single step. Erosion starts with a single drop.

침식도 처음에는 작은 틈에서 시작된다.

Proverb

間違えやすい

침식 vs 마모

Both mean wearing down.

마모 is for mechanical friction (tires, shoes); 침식 is for natural forces (water, wind).

브레이크 패드가 마모되었다. (Correct) / 브레이크 패드가 침식되었다. (Incorrect)

침식 vs 부식

Both involve a material breaking down.

부식 is chemical (rusting); 침식 is physical (erosion).

철조망이 부식되었다. (Correct) / 철조망이 침식되었다. (Incorrect)

침식 vs 퇴적

Related geological process.

퇴적 is the build-up of material; 침식 is the removal of material.

강 하구에 모래가 퇴적되었다.

침식 vs 붕괴

Both lead to destruction.

붕괴 is a sudden collapse; 침식 is a slow process.

지진으로 건물이 붕괴되었다.

침식 vs 삭박

Very similar academic meanings.

삭박 (denudation) is a broader term including weathering and erosion together.

지각의 삭박 과정.

文型パターン

N이/가 침식돼요.

땅이 침식돼요.

N에 의한 침식이 심해요.

바람에 의한 침식이 심해요.

N을/를 침식시켜요.

물이 바위를 침식시켜요.

N의 침식이 진행되고 있어요.

해안의 침식이 진행되고 있어요.

N이/가 침식될 위험이 있어요.

독도가 침식될 위험이 있어요.

N은 N의 근간을 침식합니다.

부패는 국가의 근간을 침식합니다.

N으로 인해 침식이 가속화되다.

온난화로 인해 침식이 가속화되다.

N의 미학은 침식에서 비롯된다.

고대 건축의 미학은 침식에서 비롯된다.

語族

名詞

침식물 (eroded material)

침식도 (degree of erosion)

침식력 (erosive power)

침식지 (eroded land)

動詞

침식하다 (to erode - active)

침식되다 (to be eroded - passive)

침식시키다 (to cause erosion)

形容詞

침식적인 (erosive)

침식된 (eroded)

使い方

frequency

Common in news, academic texts, and documentaries. Rare in daily casual speech.

よくある間違い

Using 침식 for rust. → 부식
Rust is a chemical reaction (corrosion), not a physical wearing away (erosion).
Saying '신발이 침식됐어요'. → 신발이 닳았어요.
Erosion is for large-scale nature or abstract concepts, not small personal items.
Using 침식 for a sudden landslide. → 산사태 / 붕괴
Erosion is a slow process; landslides are sudden.
Confusing 침식 with 잠식 in business. → 시장 잠식
While similar, '잠식' is the standard term for market encroachment.
Forgetting the particle after 침식. → 침식이, 침식을
Learners often treat it as a verb directly. It is a noun.

ヒント

Hanja Help

Learn the character 蝕 (식). It appears in words related to 'eating away' like eclipse (일식). This will help you remember the 'destructive' nature of the word.

Abstract Use

When you want to sound sophisticated in a debate, use '침식' to describe the loss of quality or standards.

Pairings

Always remember the pair '침식과 퇴적' (erosion and deposition). They are the 'yin and yang' of geography.

Passive Form

Use '침식되다' when the focus is on the thing being lost. It's the most common way to use the word.

Documentary Watch

Watch a Korean documentary about the Grand Canyon. You will hear '침식' at least ten times!

Environment

In Korea, environmental protection is a big topic. '침식 방지' is a keyword in these discussions.

Metaphors

Use '침식' to describe how time affects memories. It's a very poetic way to write.

Formal Situations

Use this word in presentations to sound more academic and precise.

Mnemonic

Imagine a 'CHIM'panzee 'EATING' (식) the ground. Chim-sik.

Don't Rust

Remember: Rocks erode (침식), but iron rusts (부식).

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'CHIM' as 'Chilly water' and 'SIK' as 'Sickening' the rock until it disappears. Chilly water makes the rock sick and it erodes.

視覚的連想

Visualize a 'CHIM'panzee 'SIK' (sick) and slowly shrinking away, or a giant river 'soaking' (침) a mountain and 'eating' (식) it like a snack.

Word Web

River Wind Rock Slow Nature Change Loss Coast

チャレンジ

Try to find one example of 침식 in your neighborhood today. Is it a cracked sidewalk? A worn-down step? Use the word in a sentence: '이 계단은 침식되었습니다.'

語源

침식 comes from the Hanja characters 浸 (침) and 蝕 (식).

元の意味： The character 浸 (침) means to soak or submerge in water. The character 蝕 (식) means to eat away, often used to describe how insects eat leaves or how an eclipse 'eats' the sun.

Sino-Korean (Hanja-eo).

文化的な背景

There are no major sensitivities, but when using it metaphorically for 'cultural erosion,' be mindful not to sound overly nationalistic or resistant to positive change.

In English, 'erosion' is similarly used for both soil and abstract concepts like 'erosion of rights.' The usage is almost identical, making it an easy conceptual transfer for learners.

The Grand Canyon (그랜드 캐니언) is often cited in Korean textbooks as the world's most famous example of '침식 작용'. Dokdo (독도) is frequently discussed in terms of its '해안 침식' and how to preserve its natural shape. The movie 'Interstellar' mentions soil erosion (토양 침식) as a reason for the world's end.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Environmental News

해안 침식 심각
토양 침식 방지
기후 변화 영향
정부 대책 마련

Geography Class

침식 작용
V자곡 형성
풍화와 침식
퇴적 지형

Political Analysis

민주주의 침식
권력의 침식
신뢰 회복
기반 약화

Economic Report

구매력 침식
시장 점유율
인플레이션 영향
수익성 악화

Artistic Critique

시간의 침식
본질의 침식
상업주의 비판
순수성 유지

会話のきっかけ

"최근에 해안 침식에 관한 뉴스를 보신 적 있나요?"

"시간이 흐르면서 우리 사회에서 침식되고 있는 가치는 무엇이라고 생각하세요?"

"강물의 침식 작용으로 만들어진 멋진 장소를 가본 적이 있나요?"

"디지털 기술이 우리의 집중력을 침식하고 있다는 의견에 동의하시나요?"

"침식을 막기 위해 우리가 할 수 있는 가장 쉬운 일은 무엇일까요?"

日記のテーマ

오늘 하루 동안 내 마음을 침식했던 부정적인 생각들이 있었는지 써보세요.

내가 여행하며 본 자연의 침식 흔적 중 가장 기억에 남는 것은 무엇인가요?

현대 사회에서 '사생활의 침식'은 얼마나 심각한 문제라고 생각하는지 논하세요.

나의 좋은 습관이 침식되지 않도록 하기 위해 어떤 노력을 하고 있나요?

오랜 시간이 흐른 뒤, 내가 살고 있는 동네는 어떻게 침식되거나 변해 있을까요?

よくある質問

10 問

Usually, yes, as it implies loss. However, in geology, it is a neutral natural process that creates beautiful landscapes like canyons and arches.

No, that would sound very strange. For clothes or shoes, use '닳다' (to wear out) or '마모되다' (to be worn down).

침식 is wearing away from the outside (like waves on a cliff). 잠식 is gradually eating into or taking over (like a company taking over a competitor's market share).

You say '신뢰의 침식' (Sin-roe-ui Chim-sik).

Yes, it frequently appears in the reading and listening sections of TOPIK II, especially in topics related to the environment or society.

Yes, this is called '풍식' (wind erosion), which is a type of 침식.

It means 'coastal erosion,' where the sea wears away the land.

No, it happens to soil, sand, and even abstract things like power, values, and memory.

It is rare. '쇠약' (weakening) or '악화' (worsening) is better, but poetically you could say '질병이 그의 생명을 침식했다' (The disease eroded his life).

浸 (침 - soak) and 蝕 (식 - eat away).

無料登録してヒントとメモを見る