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A2 noun 7分で読める

운임

unim

練習する例文メモとヒント 운임 30秒で

解説 운임 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word '운임' (unim) very often because it is a bit formal. Instead, you usually learn words like '돈' (money) or '요금' (fee). However, you might see '운임' on signs at a bus terminal or train station. Think of it as 'ticket price.' If you see '운임: 1,000원' on a sign, it just means the ride costs 1,000 won. It's a good word to recognize when you are traveling so you know where to look for the price. You can use it simply like: '운임이 얼마예요?' (How much is the fare?). At this stage, focus on the idea that it means the price you pay to go somewhere in a vehicle.

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At the A2 level, you should start distinguishing between different types of costs. '운임' is specifically for transportation. You might use it when talking about sending a package or taking a long-distance train like the KTX. You'll learn that '운임' is more formal than '차비' (bus/taxi money). For example, if you are at a post office, the clerk might tell you the '운임' for your parcel. You should be able to understand phrases like '기본 운임' (basic fare) and '추가 운임' (additional fare). It's useful for basic travel and logistics tasks, like asking if the shipping is included in a price.

At the B1 level, you can use '운임' in more complex sentences and business-related contexts. You should understand that '운임' is the standard term in professional environments. You might talk about '항공 운임' (air fare/freight) or '해상 운임' (ocean freight). You can use it to discuss trends, such as '운임이 올랐어요' (The freight rates have gone up). You will also encounter it in compound words like '운임표' (fare table) or '무료 운임' (free shipping/fare). At this level, you should be comfortable using '운임' when writing formal emails or making inquiries about logistics and travel services.

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At the B2 level, you should understand the nuances of '운임' in economic and logistical contexts. You will see this word in news reports about the economy, especially concerning export and import costs. You should be familiar with terms like '유류할증료' (fuel surcharge) which is often added to the '운임.' You can discuss how '운임' affects the price of goods (물가). You'll also encounter '운임' in legal or contractual contexts, such as '운임 선불' (freight prepaid) or '운임 후불' (freight collect). Your ability to use '운임' correctly shows that you have moved beyond basic conversational Korean into more professional or academic language.

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At the C1 level, you are expected to use '운임' with high precision in technical discussions. You might analyze the '운임 체계' (fare system) of a city or the impact of '해상 운임 지수' (ocean freight indices) on global trade. You should understand the historical and Hanja-based roots of the word, allowing you to differentiate it from similar terms like '운송비' or '탁송료' based on the specific legal or logistical framework being used. You can use '운임' in academic essays or high-level business negotiations, discussing things like '운임 산정 방식' (fare calculation methods) or '운임 조정안' (fare adjustment proposals).

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At the C2 level, you have a near-native grasp of '운임' and its role in the Korean language. You can interpret legal documents like the '상법' (Commercial Code) where '운임' is strictly defined in the context of the '운송인' (carrier) and '송하인' (shipper). You understand the subtle rhetorical difference between using '운임' and more native terms like '삯' in literature or historical contexts. You can lead discussions on transportation policy, critiquing '운임 규제' (fare regulation) or '운임 자유화' (fare liberalization). Your usage of the word is indistinguishable from a professional in the Korean logistics or transport industry.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

운임 30秒で

운임 means the cost of transporting people or goods via vehicles like ships, planes, or trains.
It is a formal word, often translated as 'fare' for people and 'freight' for goods.
Commonly used in logistics, international trade, and official transportation pricing tables.
Distinguish it from '요금' (general fees) and '배송비' (consumer-facing delivery fees).

The Korean word 운임 (unim) is a formal and technical term used to describe the cost associated with the transportation of goods or people. Rooted in Hanja (運賃), the first character un (運) signifies movement, transport, or carrying, while the second character im (賃) refers to wages, rent, or a fee paid for a service. Together, they form a concept that translates most accurately to 'freight charge' or 'transportation fare.' While everyday speakers might use the more general term 요금 (yogeum) for a bus or taxi, 운임 is the standard term in logistics, international trade, and official transportation documentation.

Logistics Context: In the world of shipping and air cargo, 운임 is the price paid to a carrier for moving cargo from point A to point B. It covers the operational costs of the vessel or vehicle.
Public Transport: When referring to train or airline tickets in a formal capacity, such as on a receipt or a pricing table, 운임 is often used instead of the more casual 차비 (chabi).

항공 운임이 유가 상승으로 인해 대폭 인상되었습니다.

Translation: Air freight charges have increased significantly due to rising oil prices.

Understanding 운임 requires recognizing its place in the hierarchy of Korean 'fee' words. It is more specific than 비용 (biyong - cost/expense) and more professional than 돈 (don - money). If you are working in a business setting, particularly in import/export or supply chain management, this word will appear in almost every contract and invoice. It is also common in government announcements regarding public utility hikes. For example, when the Seoul Metro or KTX (high-speed rail) adjusts its pricing, the official documents will refer to it as a 'basic fare' or 기본 운임.

수출업체는 해상 운임을 절감하기 위해 노력하고 있습니다.

Translation: Exporters are striving to reduce ocean freight costs.

Economic Nuance: 운임 is often subject to surcharges, such as the 유류할증료 (fuel surcharge). In this context, it represents the base rate of transport.

In summary, 운임 is a versatile noun that bridges the gap between daily life (fares) and corporate logistics (freight). Its usage signifies a transaction where the primary service provided is the displacement of an object or person across a distance. Whether you are shipping a container across the Pacific or taking a train to Busan, the financial value of that journey is categorized as 운임.

Using 운임 correctly involves pairing it with the appropriate verbs and particles. Because it is a noun representing a cost, it frequently acts as the object of verbs like 지불하다 (to pay), 계산하다 (to calculate), or 인상하다 (to raise). It can also be modified by adjectives that describe the scale of the cost, such as 비싸다 (expensive) or 저렴하다 (cheap/affordable).

Common Verb Pairings

운임을 지불하다: To pay the freight/fare.
운임이 발생하다: For a freight charge to occur/be incurred.
운임을 산정하다: To calculate/estimate the freight.

무게에 따라 운임이 달라집니다.

Translation: The freight charge varies depending on the weight.

When you want to specify the mode of transport, you simply place the transport type before 운임. For example, 철도 운임 (railway fare), 선박 운임 (shipping freight), or 택시 운임 (taxi fare). Note that while 택시 요금 is more common in speech, 택시 운임 appears in regulatory contexts regarding the legal rates set by the city.

이 가격에는 왕복 운임이 포함되어 있습니다.

Translation: The round-trip fare is included in this price.

In more advanced usage, you might see 운임 combined with other nouns to form compound logistics terms. 운임 조건 (freight terms) refers to the specific agreements in a contract about who pays for shipping. 운임 체계 (fare system) refers to the structural way transport costs are organized, such as zone-based or distance-based pricing.

Sentence Structure Examples

[N] + 운임: (e.g., 항공 운임 - Air freight)
운임 + [N]: (e.g., 운임 명세서 - Freight invoice)

Finally, remember that 운임 is rarely used for personal services like a haircut or a consultation (those would be 수수료 or 요금). It is strictly reserved for the movement of people and things via a vehicle or vessel.

If you are traveling in Korea, you will most likely encounter 운임 at transport hubs. At a KTX station, the digital boards displaying ticket prices will often use the header 운임표 (Fare Table). Similarly, when booking a flight on a Korean airline's website like Korean Air or Asiana, the breakdown of your ticket cost will list the 항공 운임 alongside taxes and fuel surcharges.

In the News: Economic news segments frequently discuss 해상 운임 지수 (Ocean Freight Index), such as the Shanghai Containerized Freight Index (SCFI), which is a crucial indicator for Korea's export-driven economy.

이번 달부터 지하철 운임이 150원 인상됩니다.

Translation: Starting this month, the subway fare will be increased by 150 won.

In a professional logistics environment, such as a warehouse or a freight forwarding office, 운임 is the bread and butter of daily conversation. Employees will discuss 운임 견적 (freight quotes) and 운임 협상 (freight negotiations). If you are ordering something heavy online from a Korean site, you might see a note saying 운임 별도 (freight/shipping cost extra) or 운임 착불 (freight collect/pay on delivery).

컨테이너 운임이 급격히 상승하고 있습니다.

Translation: Container freight rates are rising sharply.

Another place you'll hear this word is in legal or insurance contexts. If goods are damaged during transit, the 운임 might be part of the insurance claim. In the context of the 'Incoterms' (International Commercial Terms) used in global trade, 운임 is the central keyword in terms like CFR (Cost and Freight) or CIF (Cost, Insurance, and Freight), translated as 운임포함인도 in Korean.

The most frequent mistake learners make with 운임 is using it in casual, everyday situations where 요금 or 비 would be more natural. While not grammatically 'wrong,' it can sound overly stiff or robotic. For instance, if you ask a friend, "그 버스의 운임이 얼마야?" (How much is the fare of that bus?), it sounds like you are reading from a government report. Instead, say "버스 요금이 얼마야?" or just "버스비 얼마야?"

운임 vs. 요금: 운임 specifically relates to transport. 요금 is a general term for any fee (electricity, water, internet, entrance fees).
운임 vs. 배송비: 배송비 (baesongbi) is the consumer-facing 'shipping fee.' 운임 is the industrial 'freight charge.'

❌ 전기 운임을 내야 해요. (Wrong)
✅ 전기 요금을 내야 해요. (Correct)

Electricity is not 'transported' as cargo, so 'unim' cannot be used.

Another mistake is confusing 운임 with 가격 (price). While 가격 refers to the value of the goods themselves, 운임 refers only to the cost of moving them. If you are buying a chair for $100 and shipping is $20, the 가격 is $100 and the 운임 is $20.

수하물 운임은 별도로 계산됩니다.

Translation: Baggage freight (excess baggage fees) is calculated separately.

Lastly, don't confuse 운임 with 임금 (wage). They share the character im (賃), but 임금 (賃金) is the money paid to a worker for labor, while 운임 is the money paid for transport. Switching these in a business meeting could lead to significant confusion!

Korean has a rich variety of words for 'fees' and 'costs.' Understanding the subtle differences between 운임 and its alternatives will greatly improve your fluency and accuracy.

운임 vs. 요금 (Yogeum): 운임 is for transport services specifically. 요금 is the general word for any service fee (utility, entrance, etc.).
Example: 수도 요금 (Water bill) vs. 항공 운임 (Air fare).
운임 vs. 배송비 (Baesongbi): 배송비 is used in e-commerce and home delivery. 운임 is used in B2B logistics and official transport pricing.
Example: 쿠팡 배송비 (Coupang delivery fee) vs. 선박 운임 (Vessel freight).
운임 vs. 차비 (Chabi): 차비 is very casual and literally means 'car money.' It's what you'd ask your parents for to take the bus.
Example: 엄마, 차비 좀 주세요. (Mom, give me some bus money).

운송비, 탁송료, 선운임

Other technical synonyms used in logistics.

Another word is 삯 (saks), which is a native Korean word for 'fare' or 'wage.' It is becoming less common in modern urban speech but you might hear 배삯 (boat fare) or 길삯 (travel fare) in literature or older dialects. In most modern contexts, 운임 has replaced these native terms in formal settings.

Finally, consider 교통비 (gyotongbi). This refers to 'transportation expenses' as a whole category in a budget. If your company pays for your commute, they are covering your 교통비, which might consist of several different 운임 (bus fare, train fare, etc.).

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The character 運 (운) is the same one used in '운명' (fate/destiny) and '행운' (good luck). In ancient thought, fate was something that 'moved' or was 'carried' to you.

発音ガイド

UK /uːn.im/

US /un.im/

In Korean, syllables generally have equal weight, but the first syllable '운' is often pronounced with a slightly higher pitch or longer duration in this word.

韻が合う語

군임 (gunim) 분임 (bunim) 선임 (seonim - though vowel differs) 신임 (sinim) 책임 (chaegim) 출임 (chulim) 편임 (pyeonim) 후임 (huim)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing '운' like 'won' (the currency). It should be a pure 'u' sound.
Pronouncing '임' like 'aim'. It should be a short 'i' as in 'sit'.
Failing to recognize the long vowel [운:] in formal speech.
Confusing the spelling with '우님' (which is incorrect).
Merging the two syllables too quickly; keep them distinct: un-im.

難易度

読解 3/5

Easy to recognize on signs and documents, but requires knowing Hanja context for deeper meaning.

ライティング 4/5

Requires precision to use instead of '요금' or '비용' in professional contexts.

スピーキング 3/5

Pronunciation is straightforward, but it's rarely used in casual daily speech.

リスニング 3/5

Common in news and announcements; easy to hear but must be distinguished from '임금'.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

돈 (Money) 차 (Car/Vehicle) 내다 (To pay) 비싸다 (Expensive) 싸다 (Cheap)

次に学ぶ

운송 (Transportation) 물류 (Logistics) 수출 (Export) 수입 (Import) 견적 (Quotation)

上級

유류할증료 (Fuel surcharge) 선복 (Shipping space) 하역 (Loading and unloading) 통관 (Customs clearance)

知っておくべき文法

Noun + 에 따라 (Depending on...)

무게에 따라 운임이 달라집니다. (Freight varies depending on the weight.)

Noun + 을/를 포함하다 (To include...)

이 가격은 운임을 포함합니다. (This price includes the freight.)

Noun + 로 인해 (Due to...)

폭설로 인해 운임이 지연되었습니다. (Freight was delayed due to heavy snow.)

Passive Voice: Noun + 이/가 책정되다 (To be set/fixed)

새로운 운임이 책정되었습니다. (A new fare has been set.)

Noun + 당 (Per...)

킬로그램당 운임이 얼마예요? (What is the freight per kilogram?)

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レベル別の例文

기차 운임이 얼마예요?

How much is the train fare?

The subject marker -이 is used with 운임.

운임은 천 원입니다.

The fare is one thousand won.

The topic marker -은 is used to state a fact about the fare.

버스 운임이 싸요.

The bus fare is cheap.

Simple adjective sentence: Noun + 이/가 + Adjective.

운임을 내세요.

Please pay the fare.

The object marker -을 is used with the verb 내다 (to pay).

여기 운임표가 있어요.

Here is the fare table.

운임표 is a compound noun: 운임 (fare) + 표 (table/chart).

운임이 비싸요?

Is the fare expensive?

Question form of a simple adjective sentence.

아이 운임은 무료예요.

The child fare is free.

무료 means free of charge.

운임을 확인하세요.

Please check the fare.

확인하다 means to check or confirm.

택배 운임은 무게에 따라 달라요.

The delivery freight varies depending on the weight.

~에 따라 means 'depending on' or 'according to'.

항공 운임이 지난달보다 올랐어요.

The air fare has risen compared to last month.

~보다 means 'more than' or 'compared to'.

이 가격에 운임이 포함되어 있나요?

Is the freight included in this price?

포함되다 means 'to be included'.

왕복 운임은 더 저렴합니다.

The round-trip fare is cheaper.

저렴하다 is a formal word for 'cheap'.

학생은 운임 할인을 받을 수 있어요.

Students can get a fare discount.

~을 수 있다 means 'can' or 'be able to'.

운임을 카드로 계산해도 돼요?

Can I pay the fare with a card?

~아/어도 되다 means 'is it okay to...?'

추가 운임이 발생할 수 있습니다.

Additional freight charges may occur.

발생하다 means 'to occur' or 'to happen'.

기본 운임은 1,250원입니다.

The basic fare is 1,250 won.

기본 means 'basic' or 'standard'.

운임 지불 방식은 어떻게 되나요?

What are the methods for paying the freight?

지불 방식 means 'payment method'.

해상 운임이 급격히 인상되었습니다.

Ocean freight rates have increased sharply.

급격히 means 'sharply' or 'rapidly'.

운임을 절감하기 위해 직항을 이용하세요.

To save on freight, use a direct flight.

절감하다 means 'to reduce' or 'to cut down'.

운임 견적서를 이메일로 보내주세요.

Please send the freight quotation by email.

견적서 means 'quotation' or 'estimate document'.

거리당 운임이 적용됩니다.

Fare is applied per distance.

~당 means 'per' (e.g., per person, per mile).

운임 체계가 내년부터 바뀔 예정입니다.

The fare system is scheduled to change next year.

~을 예정이다 means 'be scheduled to' or 'plan to'.

단체 고객에게는 운임 할인이 적용됩니다.

A fare discount applies to group customers.

적용되다 means 'to be applied'.

운임에는 보험료가 포함되지 않았습니다.

Insurance premiums are not included in the freight.

보험료 means 'insurance premium'.

유가 하락으로 인해 항공 운임이 조정되었습니다.

Air freight has been adjusted due to the drop in oil prices.

~로 인해 means 'due to' or 'because of'.

운임 선불 조건으로 계약을 체결했습니다.

The contract was signed on a freight prepaid basis.

체결하다 means 'to conclude' or 'to sign' (a contract).

최근 컨테이너 운임 지수가 사상 최고치를 기록했습니다.

Recently, the container freight index reached an all-time high.

사상 최고치 means 'all-time high'.

정부는 대중교통 운임 인상을 억제하고 있습니다.

The government is restraining the increase of public transport fares.

억제하다 means 'to restrain' or 'to suppress'.

운임 산정의 기준이 되는 무게를 확인하십시오.

Please check the weight that serves as the basis for freight calculation.

산정 means 'calculation' or 'estimation'.

수출업자들은 높은 운임 때문에 어려움을 겪고 있습니다.

Exporters are suffering due to high freight rates.

어려움을 겪다 is an idiom meaning 'to experience difficulty'.

운임 후불은 물건을 받을 때 지불하는 방식입니다.

Freight collect is a method where you pay when you receive the goods.

후불 means 'deferred payment' or 'pay later'.

철도 운임은 거리와 좌석 등급에 따라 산출됩니다.

Railway fares are calculated based on distance and seat class.

산출되다 means 'to be calculated/computed'.

글로벌 공급망 위기로 인해 해상 운임이 요동치고 있습니다.

Ocean freight rates are fluctuating due to the global supply chain crisis.

요동치다 means 'to fluctuate wildly' or 'to surge'.

운임의 변동성은 기업의 영업 이익에 직접적인 영향을 미칩니다.

Volatility in freight rates directly affects a company's operating profit.

영향을 미치다 means 'to exert influence/affect'.

선사와 화주 간의 운임 협상이 난항을 겪고 있습니다.

Freight negotiations between the shipping company and the shipper are facing difficulties.

난항을 겪다 means 'to face a rough passage' or 'be at a deadlock'.

운임 체계의 투명성을 높이기 위한 제도가 도입되었습니다.

A system was introduced to increase the transparency of the fare structure.

도입되다 means 'to be introduced' (a system/policy).

부족한 선복량으로 인해 운임 프리미엄이 붙고 있습니다.

Freight premiums are being added due to the lack of shipping capacity.

선복량 refers to the total space/capacity of a ship.

정부는 운임 담합 행위에 대해 엄중히 처벌할 방침입니다.

The government plans to strictly punish fare-fixing (collusion) activities.

담합 means 'collusion' or 'price-fixing'.

특수 화물의 경우 일반 화물보다 높은 운임이 책정됩니다.

In the case of special cargo, a higher freight rate is set than for general cargo.

책정되다 means 'to be set' or 'to be appropriated' (a price).

운임 지수의 하락은 해운 업계의 불황을 예고합니다.

A drop in the freight index foreshadows a recession in the shipping industry.

예고하다 means 'to foreshadow' or 'to give advance notice'.

운송인의 운임청구권은 화물을 인도한 시점부터 발생합니다.

The carrier's right to claim freight arises from the moment the goods are delivered.

운임청구권 is a legal term for 'right to claim freight'.

운임의 적정성을 두고 노사 간의 이견이 팽팽하게 맞서고 있습니다.

Differences of opinion between labor and management regarding the adequacy of fares are sharply opposed.

팽팽하게 맞서다 means 'to be in a tight confrontation'.

운임 자유화 이후 경쟁이 심화되면서 서비스의 질이 향상되었습니다.

Since the liberalization of fares, competition has intensified and service quality has improved.

자유화 means 'liberalization'.

해당 약관은 운임의 환불 조건에 대해 상세히 규정하고 있습니다.

The terms and conditions in question stipulate the refund conditions for fares in detail.

규정하다 means 'to stipulate' or 'to regulate'.

운임 수입의 감소는 철도 공사의 재정 건전성을 위협하고 있습니다.

The decrease in fare revenue is threatening the financial soundness of the railway corporation.

재정 건전성 means 'fiscal soundness' or 'financial health'.

송하인이 운임을 지급하지 않을 경우, 운송인은 화물을 유치할 권리가 있습니다.

If the shipper does not pay the freight, the carrier has the right to retain the goods (lien).

유치하다 in a legal context means 'to retain' or 'hold as a lien'.

운임의 산정 기준이 중량에서 부피로 전환되는 추세입니다.

There is a trend where the basis for freight calculation is shifting from weight to volume.

전환되다 means 'to be converted' or 'to be shifted'.

국제 운임 담합에 대한 과징금 부과 판결이 내려졌습니다.

A ruling was handed down to impose fines for international freight price-fixing.

과징금 means 'fine' or 'penalty' (administrative).

よく使う組み合わせ

운임을 지불하다

항공 운임

해상 운임

기본 운임

운임 인상

추가 운임

운임 체계

운임 견적

운임 선불

왕복 운임

よく使うフレーズ

운임 별도

— Freight/shipping cost is extra. Often seen in advertisements or sales.

상품 가격 10,000원 (운임 별도).

운임 포함

— Freight/shipping is included in the price.

운임 포함 가격입니다.

운임 착불

— Freight collect; the receiver pays for the shipping upon delivery.

운임 착불로 보내주세요.

운임 선불

— Freight prepaid; the sender pays for the shipping in advance.

이 택배는 운임 선불입니다.

운임 산정

— Calculation of freight rates.

운임 산정 방식이 복잡합니다.

운임 할인

— A discount on the fare or freight charge.

조기 예약 시 운임 할인이 가능합니다.

운임 체계

— The structure or system of fares/freight rates.

서울의 운임 체계가 변경되었습니다.

운임 단가

— Unit price of freight (e.g., price per kg).

운임 단가가 올랐습니다.

운임 수입

— Revenue generated from fares or freight.

운임 수입이 작년보다 줄었습니다.

운임 조정

— Adjustment of fares or freight rates.

운임 조정안이 통과되었습니다.

よく混同される語

운임 vs 임금 (Wage)

Both share '임' (rent/wage), but 'unim' is for transport, while 'imgum' is for labor.

운임 vs 운송 (Transport)

'Unsong' is the act of carrying; 'unim' is the price paid for that act.

운임 vs 유가 (Oil Price)

Often mentioned together because oil prices drive freight rates, but they are different concepts.

慣用句と表現

"운임도 못 건지다"

— To not even make enough profit to cover the transportation costs. Used when a business venture is a total loss.

장사가 안 돼서 운임도 못 건졌어.

Casual/Business

"운임이 금값이다"

— Literally 'freight is the price of gold.' Used when shipping costs are extremely and unusually high.

요즘은 항공 운임이 금값이라 수출이 힘들어요.

Metaphorical

"배보다 배꼽이 더 크다"

— The belly button is bigger than the belly. Often used when the 'unim' (shipping) is more expensive than the item itself.

물건은 천 원인데 운임이 삼천 원이라니, 배보다 배꼽이 더 크네.

Common Idiom

"운임 싸움"

— A price war specifically regarding transportation rates.

선사들끼리 운임 싸움이 치열하다.

Journalistic

"제 운임"

— The proper or standard fare. Used when emphasizing that someone didn't get a discount or paid the full amount.

할인 없이 제 운임을 다 냈어요.

Neutral

"운임 거품"

— A 'bubble' in freight rates; when rates are artificially high.

운임 거품이 빠지기 시작했다.

Economic

"운임 폭등"

— An explosion/sudden surge in freight rates.

운임 폭등으로 물류 대란이 일어났다.

Journalistic

"운임 후려치기"

— To drastically and unfairly cut freight rates (usually by a powerful client).

대기업의 운임 후려치기가 심각하다.

Slangy/Critical

"운임을 떼먹다"

— To run away without paying the fare or freight charge.

그 손님이 운임을 떼먹고 도망갔어요.

Informal/Negative

"운임 바가지"

— Being overcharged for a fare (getting ripped off).

관광지에서 운임 바가지를 썼다.

Informal

間違えやすい

운임 vs 배송비

Both mean money for moving things.

Baesongbi is for small parcels/online shopping; Unim is for industrial freight or official fares.

택배 배송비는 3,000원입니다. (Delivery fee is 3,000 won.)

운임 vs 교통비

Both involve transportation costs.

Gyotongbi is the 'expense category' (e.g., monthly budget); Unim is the 'specific rate' charged.

이번 달 교통비가 많이 나왔어요. (Transportation expenses were high this month.)

운임 vs 수수료

Both are types of fees.

Susuryo is a 'commission' or 'service fee' (banking, real estate); Unim is strictly for physical transport.

은행 송금 수수료가 있어요. (There is a bank transfer fee.)

운임 vs 관세

Both are costs in international trade.

Gwanse is 'customs duty' (tax); Unim is the 'freight' (shipping cost).

운임 외에 관세도 내야 합니다. (You must pay duties in addition to freight.)

운임 vs 삯

Old synonym for fare.

Saks is native Korean and feels old-fashioned; Unim is Sino-Korean and feels modern/official.

뱃삯이 얼마요? (How much is the boat fare? - Sounds like a historical drama.)

文型パターン

[Transport] 운임이 얼마예요?

버스 운임이 얼마예요?

[Noun]에 따라 운임이 달라요.

거리에 따라 운임이 달라요.

운임에는 [Noun]이 포함되어 있습니다.

운임에는 보험료가 포함되어 있습니다.

[Reason]으로 인해 운임이 인상되었습니다.

유가 상승으로 인해 운임이 인상되었습니다.

운임의 [Noun]성은 기업 경영에 영향을 미칩니다.

운임의 변동성은 기업 경영에 영향을 미칩니다.

운임청구권은 [Condition] 시점부터 발생합니다.

운임청구권은 화물 인도 시점부터 발생합니다.

Neutral

운임은 [Amount]원입니다.

운임은 오만 원입니다.

Business

운임 견적을 [Verb]해 주세요.

운임 견적을 송부해 주세요.

語族

名詞

운임표 (Fare table)

운임료 (Freight fee - redundant but used)

선운임 (Ocean freight)

항공운임 (Air freight)

기본운임 (Basic fare)

動詞

운임하다 (To transport for a fee - rare, usually '운송하다' is used)

운임되다 (To be charged as freight)

形容詞

운임이 비싸다 (Fare is expensive)

운임이 저렴하다 (Fare is cheap)

使い方

frequency

High in business, economics, and transport sectors; Medium in daily life.

よくある間違い

Using '운임' for a doctor's fee. → 진료비 (Jinryobi)
'운임' is only for transportation. Medical fees use '비' (fee/cost).
Saying '운임을 먹다' for paying a fare. → 운임을 내다 / 지불하다
You don't 'eat' a fare. You 'pay' (naeda) or 'disburse' (jibul-hada) it.
Spelling it as '운입'. → 운임
The final consonant is 'ㅁ' (m), not 'ㅂ' (p).
Using '운임' to mean the speed of a car. → 속도 (Sokdo)
Confusing '운' (move) with speed. '운임' is strictly about the cost.
Using '운임' for rent of a house. → 월세 / 임대료
While '임' can mean rent, '운임' is specifically for moving things/people.

ヒント

Formal Documents

Always use '운임' in contracts or official business letters. It makes your Korean sound professional and precise.

KTX Booking

When booking a KTX, look for the '운임/요금' tab to see the price breakdown between the standard fare and the seat charge.

Shipping Labels

If you see '운임 선불' on a shipping label, it means the sender already paid. '착불' means you have to pay.

Compound Words

Learn '항공 운임' (air) and '해상 운임' (sea) as set phrases, as they are the most common industrial uses.

Verb Pairing

Pair '운임' with '지불하다' (to pay) for the most natural-sounding formal sentence.

Unim vs. Chabi

Never use '운임' when asking a friend for bus money; use '차비' to avoid sounding like a robot.

News Keywords

If you hear '운임 지수' (Freight Index) on the news, it's a sign that the reporter is talking about global trade health.

Excess Baggage

At the airport, '초과 수하물 운임' refers to the extra money you pay if your suitcase is too heavy.

The 'IM' factor

Remember that 'IM' (賃) always relates to money/rent. If you see 'IM' in a word, it probably involves a payment.

Clear Vowels

Keep the 'u' in 'un' and the 'i' in 'im' short and crisp for the best native-like pronunciation.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'UN' (United Nations) moving 'IM' (Important) goods. The cost for the UN to move these IMportant things is the UN-IM.

視覚的連想

Imagine a shipping container with a giant price tag ($) hanging off it. The tag has the word 'UNIM' written in bold letters.

Word Web

운송 (Transport) 비용 (Cost) 티켓 (Ticket) 택배 (Delivery) 항구 (Port) 기차 (Train) 비행기 (Airplane) 수출 (Export)

チャレンジ

Try to find the word '운임' on a Korean airline website or a KTX booking page. Screenshot it and translate the context.

語源

Derived from Hanja (Sino-Korean characters). 運 (운) means 'to transport' or 'to carry.' 賃 (임) means 'wage,' 'rent,' or 'price paid for a service.'

元の意味： The price or wage paid for the act of carrying/transporting something.

Sino-Korean

文化的な背景

No specific sensitivities, but be aware that complaining too loudly about '운임' to service workers might be seen as rude; it's better to discuss it in a business or policy context.

In English, we distinguish between 'fare' (for people) and 'freight' (for goods). Korean uses '운임' for both in formal contexts, though '요금' is a common alternative for people.

KTX (Korea Train Express) Fare Table Incheon International Airport Cargo Terminal regulations Korean Commercial Code (상법) Section on Carriage

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

At a Train Station

운임표가 어디 있어요?
어린이 운임은 얼마예요?
왕복 운임으로 해주세요.
운임 할인이 되나요?

Shipping a Package

운임은 누가 내나요?
운임 착불로 보내주세요.
무게별 운임을 알려주세요.
운임에 보험이 포함되나요?

Business Meeting (Logistics)

운임 협상을 진행합시다.
운임 지수가 상승 중입니다.
운임 조건을 변경하고 싶습니다.
운임 견적서를 검토해 주세요.

Airport / Airline

항공 운임이 인상되었습니다.
유류세와 운임을 합친 금액입니다.
초과 수하물 운임이 있습니다.
특가 운임은 변경이 안 됩니다.

Reading the News

버스 운임 인상 계획.
해상 운임 폭등의 원인.
지하철 운임 체계 개편.
국제 운임 담합 적발.

会話のきっかけ

"요즘 비행기 운임이 왜 이렇게 비싼지 아세요? (Do you know why airplane fares are so expensive these days?)"

"이 택배 운임은 제가 낼게요. (I will pay the freight for this package.)"

"서울 지하철 운임이 곧 오른다는 소식 들으셨어요? (Did you hear the news that Seoul subway fares are rising soon?)"

"해상 운임이 오르면 물가도 같이 오를 것 같아요. (If ocean freight rises, I think prices will rise too.)"

"운임 견적서를 언제쯤 받을 수 있을까요? (When can I receive the freight quotation?)"

日記のテーマ

오늘 이용한 교통수단의 운임에 대해 써보세요. (Write about the fares of the transportation you used today.)

운임이 너무 비싸서 포기했던 경험이 있나요? (Have you ever given up on something because the freight/fare was too expensive?)

만약 당신이 물류 회사 사장이라면 운임을 어떻게 결정하겠습니까? (If you were the CEO of a logistics company, how would you decide the freight rates?)

대중교통 운임은 국가가 관리해야 할까요? (Should the state manage public transport fares?)

해외 직구를 할 때 운임 때문에 고민했던 적이 있나요? (Have you ever worried about freight when buying things from overseas?)

よくある質問

10 問

Yes, you can, but it sounds very formal. In a news report, they might say '택시 운임 인상' (Taxi fare increase). However, when you are actually in the taxi, it is much more natural to say '요금이 얼마예요?' or '얼마 나왔어요?'

It means 'Cash on Delivery' for the shipping fee. The person receiving the package is responsible for paying the carrier. This is very common in Korea when buying things from marketplaces like Danggeun Market or Joonggonara.

Yes, airlines use '항공 운임' to refer to the base price of the seat. When you see your total price, it is usually '항공 운임 + 유류할증료 + 제세공과금' (Base fare + fuel surcharge + taxes/fees).

You can say '운임 무료' (unim muryo), though in online shopping, '배송비 무료' (baesongbi muryo) or '무료 배송' (muryo baesong) is much more common.

'운임' (Unim) is the specific price/rate per unit or trip. '운송비' (Unsongbi) is a broader term for 'transportation expenses,' which might include labor, fuel, and other costs besides the freight itself.

In Korean, we don't usually use plural markers like '-s' in English. So '운임' can refer to one fare or many fares depending on the context. If you want to emphasize different types, you'd say '다양한 운임 체계' (various fare systems).

It translates to 'basic fare.' This is the minimum amount you pay to start a journey (like the first 2km in a taxi or the base rate for a parcel) before extra distance or weight charges are added.

No. That is '임금' (imgum). Although they sound similar, '운임' is only for transport costs. Confusing them could be embarrassing in a business setting!

The Hanja '運' means to move or transport. It's the same 'un' as in 'un-dong' (exercise/movement) and 'un-jeon' (driving). It implies the physical relocation of something.

Use '운임표' when referring to a chart, table, or list of prices for transportation. You will see these at bus terminals, train stations, and on the websites of logistics companies.

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