비정규적이다 30秒で
- Describes things that lack a fixed pattern or schedule.
- Used for non-regular employment, unpredictable schedules, or inconsistent habits.
- Opposite of '정규적이다' (regular).
- Can imply instability or unpredictability.
Understanding '비정규적이다' (Bijeonggyujeogida)
The Korean adjective '비정규적이다' (bijeonggyujeogida) translates to 'to be irregular' or 'non-regular' in English. It's used to describe things that do not follow a fixed pattern, schedule, or established norm. Think of situations that are unpredictable, sporadic, or not officially sanctioned. This word is quite versatile and can be applied to a wide range of contexts, from work schedules and academic studies to natural phenomena and even personal habits.
- Core Meaning
- Lacking a fixed, regular, or official form or pattern.
- Common Applications
- Work arrangements (non-regular employment), study habits, weather patterns, events, or any situation that deviates from the norm.
이 회사의 근무 시간은 비정규적이다.
When something is described as '비정규적이다', it implies a departure from regularity. For instance, if someone's work schedule changes frequently without advance notice, their work situation could be described as '비정규적이다'. Similarly, if a student's study pattern is inconsistent, their habits are '비정규적이다'. In a more formal setting, '비정규직' (bijeonggyujik) refers to non-regular or temporary employment, which is a common use case for this adjective's root form.
Consider the weather. If the rain patterns are unpredictable and don't follow a usual season, one might say the weather is '비정규적이다'. This highlights the lack of a predictable or established pattern. In academic contexts, a '비정규 수업' (bijeonggyu sueop) might refer to a special lecture or a one-off seminar that isn't part of the regular curriculum. The core idea remains consistent: something is not adhering to a standard or expected rhythm.
그의 학습 습관은 매우 비정규적이다.
- Breaking Down the Word
- The word is formed from '비-' (bi-, meaning non- or un-), '정규' (jeonggyu, meaning regular or normal), and '-적이다' (-jeogida, an adjectival suffix). Thus, it literally means 'non-regular-like'.
In essence, '비정규적이다' is a useful term for describing anything that deviates from a predictable, established, or official norm. It allows for expressing a lack of consistency or adherence to a standard pattern.
Putting '비정규적이다' into Practice
Mastering '비정규적이다' involves understanding its grammatical function and how it connects with other parts of a sentence. As an adjective, it modifies nouns or describes the state of a subject. The verb ending '-이다' (ida) makes it a descriptive adjective, directly stating a quality.
공연 일정이 비정규적이다.
You can use '비정규적이다' in various sentence structures. A common pattern is Subject + Adjective. For example, '날씨가 비정규적이다' (Nalssiga bijeonggyujeogida) - 'The weather is irregular.' Here, '날씨' (weather) is the subject, and '비정규적이다' describes it.
- Sentence Structure 1: Subject + 비정규적이다
- This is the most straightforward way to use the adjective. It directly states that a subject possesses the quality of being irregular.
이 지역의 교통은 비정규적이다.
You can also use it to describe a noun by placing it before the noun, often with the particle '인' (-in). For instance, '비정규적인 근무' (bijeonggyujeogin geunmu) means 'irregular work' or 'non-regular employment'.
- Sentence Structure 2: Noun + 인 + 비정규적
- This structure allows you to modify a noun directly, creating phrases like 'irregular schedule' or 'irregular pattern'.
그는 비정규적인 수입으로 생활한다.
Another common usage is in relation to employment. '비정규직' (bijeonggyujik) is a noun meaning 'non-regular worker' or 'temporary employee'. While the adjective form '비정규적이다' describes the *state* of being irregular, '비정규직' refers to the *type* of employment.
- Usage with '직원' (Employee)
- '비정규직 직원' (bijeonggyujik jigwon) specifically means 'non-regular employee'.
많은 젊은이들이 비정규직으로 일하고 있다.
You can also use adverbs to modify '비정규적이다'. For example, '매우 비정규적이다' (maeu bijeonggyujeogida) - 'It is very irregular.' or '다소 비정규적이다' (daso bijeonggyujeogida) - 'It is somewhat irregular.'
By practicing these sentence structures and understanding the nuances, you'll become more comfortable using '비정규적이다' in your Korean conversations and writing.
Real-World Encounters with '비정규적이다'
'비정규적이다' is a commonly used adjective in Korean, particularly in discussions about work, schedules, and societal structures. You'll frequently hear it in everyday conversations, news reports, and formal settings.
정규직 전환이 비정규적이다.
Workplace Discussions: One of the most prevalent contexts is discussing employment. The term '비정규직' (non-regular worker) is widely known, and the adjective '비정규적이다' is used to describe the nature of such employment or related policies. You might hear people discussing the instability or unpredictability associated with '비정규적' jobs.
- Employment Context
- News reports often discuss the increasing number of '비정규직' workers and the challenges they face, using '비정규적이다' to describe their employment status or conditions.
계약 기간이 비정규적이다.
Academic and Study Habits: Students might describe their study habits as '비정규적이다' if they don't have a consistent study schedule. Professors might use it to describe the attendance or participation patterns of some students, especially in large university classes.
- Academic Context
- A teacher might say, '이 학생의 과제 제출이 비정규적이다' (This student's assignment submission is irregular).
그의 생활 방식은 매우 비정규적이다.
Daily Life and Habits: Beyond work and study, '비정규적이다' can describe unpredictable daily routines, meal times, or sleep patterns. Someone might say their sleep schedule has become '비정규적이다' after starting a new job or going through a stressful period.
- Personal Habits
- Describing a person's lifestyle as '비정규적이다' suggests a lack of routine and predictability.
기상 시간이 비정규적이다.
Natural Phenomena: While less common in everyday chat, it can be used to describe natural events that don't follow a predictable pattern, like unusual weather phenomena or animal behavior.
In summary, '비정규적이다' is a practical adjective that you'll encounter in various aspects of Korean life, most notably when discussing employment, schedules, and personal routines that deviate from the norm.
Avoiding Pitfalls with '비정규적이다'
While '비정규적이다' is a straightforward adjective, learners sometimes make mistakes in its application, often due to confusion with similar terms or grammatical nuances. Being aware of these common errors can significantly improve your accuracy.
잘못된 예: 이 회사는 비정규입니다.
Mistake 1: Using the root '비정규' as a standalone adjective.
- Error
- Treating '비정규' (bijeonggyu), which is a noun meaning 'non-regular status' or 'irregularity,' as a complete adjective. You need the '-적이다' suffix to form the adjective '비정규적이다'.
- Correction
- Always use '비정규적이다' when describing something as irregular, or use the noun form '비정규' in appropriate grammatical contexts (e.g., '비정규직' - non-regular job).
올바른 예: 이 회사의 근무 형태는 비정규적이다.
Mistake 2: Confusing '비정규적이다' with '불규칙적이다' (bulgyuchikjeogida).
- Error
- While both mean 'irregular', '불규칙적이다' often refers to a lack of adherence to rules or a systematic pattern, whereas '비정규적이다' more strongly implies a lack of official status, fixed schedule, or established norm. For instance, a heartbeat might be '불규칙적이다' (irregular rhythm), but a job is '비정규적이다' (non-regular employment).
- Correction
- Use '비정규적이다' for things that are not standard, official, or part of a regular system (like employment, schedules). Use '불규칙적이다' for things that lack a consistent pattern or order (like movement, timing, or behavior).
잘못된 예: 그의 수입은 불규칙적이다.
올바른 예: 그의 수입은 비정규적이다.
Mistake 3: Overusing the noun form '비정규직'.
- Error
- Using '비정규직' when you intend to describe a characteristic rather than a job type. '비정규직' is a noun (non-regular job/worker), not an adjective.
- Correction
- If you want to describe something *as* irregular, use '비정규적이다'. If you are referring to a non-regular job or employee, use '비정규직'.
잘못된 예: 그의 스케줄은 비정규직이다.
올바른 예: 그의 스케줄은 비정규적이다.
By paying attention to these common mistakes, you can ensure you use '비정규적이다' accurately and effectively in your Korean communication.
Exploring Synonyms and Related Terms for '비정규적이다'
While '비정규적이다' is a precise term, understanding its synonyms and related words can enrich your vocabulary and allow for more nuanced expression. Here's a comparison:
- 1. 불규칙적이다 (bulgyuchikjeogida)
- Meaning: Irregular, erratic, not systematic.
- Usage: Often used for things that lack a consistent pattern or order in their timing, movement, or behavior. It emphasizes the lack of a regular rhythm or sequence.
- Example: 심장 박동이 불규칙적이다. (The heartbeat is irregular.) This refers to an erratic rhythm.
- Comparison: '비정규적이다' is more about lacking official status, a fixed schedule, or being outside the norm, while '불규칙적이다' is about lacking a consistent pattern or rhythm.
날씨가 비정규적이다.
운전 습관이 불규칙적이다.
- 2. 일정하지 않다 (iljeonghaji anta)
- Meaning: To not be fixed, constant, or steady.
- Usage: A more general phrase that can overlap with '비정규적이다' and '불규칙적이다'. It simply states that something is not constant or steady.
- Example: 그의 기분은 일정하지 않다. (His mood is not constant/steady.)
- Comparison: '일정하지 않다' is broader. While a '비정규적' schedule is certainly '일정하지 않다', not all '일정하지 않다' things are necessarily '비정규적'.
- 3. 임시적이다 (imsijeogida)
- Meaning: To be temporary.
- Usage: Used for things that are not permanent and are expected to last only for a limited time.
- Example: 이 조치는 임시적이다. (This measure is temporary.)
- Comparison: While non-regular employment ('비정규직') can often be temporary, '임시적이다' focuses solely on the duration, whereas '비정규적이다' focuses on the lack of a fixed, standard status.
- 4. 비공식적이다 (bigongsikjeogida)
- Meaning: To be unofficial or informal.
- Usage: Describes things that are not officially recognized, sanctioned, or follow formal procedures.
- Example: 그들의 모임은 비공식적이다. (Their gathering is unofficial/informal.)
- Comparison: '비정규적이다' often implies a lack of official status, making it similar to '비공식적이다'. However, '비정규적이다' specifically relates to regularity and established norms, while '비공식적이다' relates to formal procedures and recognition.
By understanding these distinctions, you can select the most appropriate word to convey your intended meaning accurately.
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The prefix '비-' (bi-) meaning 'non-' or 'un-' is very common in Sino-Korean vocabulary to create antonyms, such as '비합리적' (unreasonable) from '합리적' (rational) or '비현실적' (unrealistic) from '현실적' (realistic).
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing 'ㅈ' as a hard 'j' sound.
- Merging syllables, especially '규적' (gyu-jeok).
- Incorrectly stressing syllables, leading to an unnatural flow.
難易度
Understanding '비정규적이다' requires grasping the concept of irregularity, which is common in everyday life. Its usage in news articles or formal texts related to economics or labor might introduce more complex vocabulary, but the adjective itself is relatively straightforward for learners once the core meaning is understood.
Using '비정규적이다' correctly in writing involves understanding its grammatical function as an adjective and its common collocations. Learners should be careful not to confuse it with the noun '비정규직' or the similar adjective '불규칙적이다'.
Pronouncing '비정규적이다' correctly and using it in spontaneous speech requires practice. Learners should focus on natural sentence structures and appropriate contexts, especially when discussing employment or schedules.
Recognizing '비정규적이다' in spoken Korean is important for comprehension, particularly in news broadcasts or conversations about work. Its pronunciation is generally clear, but context is key to understanding the intended meaning.
次に学ぶべきこと
前提知識
次に学ぶ
上級
知っておくべき文法
Adjective + '-이다' ending
'비정규적' is a noun stem that becomes an adjective when '-이다' is attached. This is a common way to form descriptive adjectives in Korean.
Adjective + '-ㄴ/은/는' modifier
To use '비정규적' as a modifier before a noun, you add '-인': 비정규적인 근무 (irregular work).
Subject-Topic Particles (은/는, 이/가)
Subject + 은/는 + 비정규적이다. (e.g., 날씨는 비정규적이다.)
Adverbs modifying adjectives
Adverbs like '매우' (very) or '다소' (somewhat) can modify '비정규적이다': 매우 비정규적이다.
Past Tense Formation
The past tense of '비정규적이다' is '비정규적이었다' (was irregular).
レベル別の例文
이번 달 월급날이 비정규적이다.
This month, the payday is irregular.
'날' (nal) means 'day'. '-이/가' is the subject particle. '비정규적이다' describes the day.
그의 약속은 항상 비정규적이다.
His appointments are always irregular.
'약속' (yaksok) means 'appointment' or 'promise'. '항상' (hangsang) means 'always'.
이 회사의 근무 시간은 비정규적이다.
The working hours at this company are irregular.
'근무 시간' (geunmu sigan) means 'working hours'. '은/는' is the topic particle.
오늘의 식사 시간은 비정규적이었다.
Today's mealtime was irregular.
Past tense of '비정규적이다' is '비정규적이었다'.
그의 여행 계획은 비정규적이다.
His travel plans are irregular.
'여행 계획' (yeohaeng gyehoek) means 'travel plans'.
이 동네의 버스 운행은 비정규적이다.
The bus operation in this neighborhood is irregular.
'버스 운행' (beoseu unhaeng) means 'bus operation'.
그녀의 수면 패턴은 비정규적이다.
Her sleep pattern is irregular.
'수면 패턴' (sumyeon paeteon) means 'sleep pattern'.
우리의 만남은 비정규적이다.
Our meetings are irregular.
'만남' (mannam) means 'meeting'.
이 회사의 비정규직 비율이 높아서 근무 환경이 비정규적이다.
Because the proportion of non-regular workers in this company is high, the working environment is irregular.
'비정규직 비율' (bijeonggyujik bi-yul) means 'proportion of non-regular workers'. '근무 환경' (geunmu hwan-gyeong) means 'working environment'.
기후 변화로 인해 날씨가 점점 더 비정규적이다.
Due to climate change, the weather is becoming more irregular.
'기후 변화' (gihu byeonhwa) means 'climate change'. '점점 더' (jeomjeom deo) means 'more and more'.
그는 일정한 수입이 없어 생활이 비정규적이다.
He doesn't have a steady income, so his life is irregular.
'일정한 수입' (iljeonghan su-ip) means 'steady income'.
정규 교육 과정 외에 비정규적인 특강이 자주 열린다.
Besides the regular curriculum, irregular special lectures are often held.
'정규 교육 과정' (jeonggyu gyoyuk gwajeong) means 'regular curriculum'. '특강' (teukgang) means 'special lecture'.
계약직으로 일하다 보니 급여 지급 방식이 비정규적이다.
Since I work on a contract basis, the salary payment method is irregular.
'계약직' (gyeyakjik) means 'contract worker'. '급여 지급 방식' (geubyeo jigeup bangshik) means 'salary payment method'.
그의 창의적인 아이디어는 비정규적인 사고방식에서 나온다.
His creative ideas come from an irregular way of thinking.
'창의적인 아이디어' (chang-uijeogin aidi-eo) means 'creative ideas'. '사고방식' (sagobangshik) means 'way of thinking'.
이 프로젝트의 진행 상황은 비정규적일 수 있다.
The progress of this project can be irregular.
'프로젝트' (peurojekteu) means 'project'. '진행 상황' (jinhaeng sanghwang) means 'progress'.
규칙적인 운동 대신 비정규적인 활동을 즐긴다.
Instead of regular exercise, I enjoy irregular activities.
'규칙적인 운동' (gyuchikjeogin undong) means 'regular exercise'.
정부 정책의 비정규적인 변화는 시장에 혼란을 야기할 수 있다.
Irregular changes in government policy can cause confusion in the market.
'정부 정책' (jeongbu jeongchaek) means 'government policy'. '혼란' (hollan) means 'confusion'. '야기하다' (yagihada) means 'to cause'.
현대 사회에서는 비정규직 노동자의 비율이 증가하는 추세이다.
In modern society, the trend is an increase in the proportion of non-regular workers.
'현대 사회' (hyeondae sahoe) means 'modern society'. '증가하는 추세' (jeunggahaneun chuse) means 'increasing trend'.
그의 연설은 논리적 흐름이 비정규적이었지만, 내용은 흥미로웠다.
His speech had an irregular logical flow, but the content was interesting.
'연설' (yeonseol) means 'speech'. '논리적 흐름' (nolli-jeok heureum) means 'logical flow'.
예측 불가능한 사건으로 인해 예정되었던 일정이 비정규적으로 변경되었다.
Due to an unpredictable event, the scheduled event was changed irregularly.
'예측 불가능한 사건' (yecheuk bulganeunghan sageon) means 'unpredictable event'. '예정되었던 일정' (yejeongdoe-eotdeon iljeong) means 'scheduled event'.
회사의 비정규적인 인사 정책은 직원들의 불안감을 증폭시킨다.
The company's irregular personnel policy amplifies employees' anxiety.
'인사 정책' (insa jeongchaek) means 'personnel policy'. '불안감' (buran-gam) means 'anxiety'. '증폭시키다' (jeungpokshikida) means 'to amplify'.
전통적인 방식에서 벗어난 비정규적인 예술 표현이 주목받고 있다.
Irregular artistic expressions that deviate from traditional methods are gaining attention.
'전통적인 방식' (jeontongjeogin bangshik) means 'traditional methods'. '예술 표현' (yesul pyohyeon) means 'artistic expression'.
그의 비정규적인 삶의 방식은 많은 사람들에게 영감을 준다.
His irregular lifestyle inspires many people.
'영감' (yeonggam) means 'inspiration'.
갑작스러운 수요 변동으로 인해 생산 계획이 비정규적이 될 수밖에 없었다.
Due to sudden demand fluctuations, the production plan inevitably became irregular.
'수요 변동' (suyo byeondong) means 'demand fluctuations'. '생산 계획' (saengsan gyehoek) means 'production plan'.
기업의 비정규적인 노동 관행은 사회적 불평등을 심화시키는 요인으로 작용한다.
Irregular labor practices of corporations act as a factor that deepens social inequality.
'노동 관행' (nodong gwanhaeng) means 'labor practices'. '사회적 불평등' (sahoejeok bulpyeongdeung) means 'social inequality'. '심화시키다' (simhwashikida) means 'to deepen'.
그의 비정규적인 인간관계는 타인과의 깊은 유대를 형성하는 데 어려움을 겪게 한다.
His irregular relationships cause him to experience difficulties in forming deep bonds with others.
'인간관계' (ingan-gwangye) means 'relationships'. '깊은 유대' (gipeun yudae) means 'deep bond'. '어려움을 겪다' (eoryeoumeul gyeokda) means 'to experience difficulty'.
예술가의 비정규적인 창작 과정은 때로는 예상치 못한 걸작을 탄생시키기도 한다.
An artist's irregular creative process sometimes gives birth to unexpected masterpieces.
'창작 과정' (changjak gwajeong) means 'creative process'. '예상치 못한' (yesangchi mothan) means 'unexpected'. '걸작' (geoljak) means 'masterpiece'.
경제 시스템의 비정규적인 변동성은 금융 시장의 안정성을 위협할 수 있다.
The irregular volatility of the economic system can threaten the stability of financial markets.
'경제 시스템' (gyeongje siseutem) means 'economic system'. '변동성' (byeondongseong) means 'volatility'. '안정성' (anjeongseong) means 'stability'.
그녀는 비정규적인 삶을 살면서도 끊임없이 새로운 도전을 추구했다.
Even while living an irregular life, she constantly pursued new challenges.
'끊임없이' (kkeunimeopsi) means 'constantly'. '도전' (dojeon) means 'challenge'. '추구하다' (chuguhada) means 'to pursue'.
사회 규범에서 벗어난 비정규적인 행동은 종종 논란의 대상이 된다.
Irregular behavior that deviates from social norms often becomes a subject of controversy.
'사회 규범' (sahoe gyubeom) means 'social norms'. '논란' (nonlan) means 'controversy'. '대상' (daesang) means 'subject'.
그의 비정규적인 접근 방식은 때로는 기존의 틀을 깨는 혁신을 가져온다.
His irregular approach sometimes brings about innovations that break existing frameworks.
'접근 방식' (jeopgeun bangshik) means 'approach'. '기존의 틀' (gijonui teul) means 'existing framework'. '혁신' (hyeoksin) means 'innovation'.
팬데믹 이후 비정규적인 근무 형태가 보편화되면서 업무와 삶의 균형에 대한 인식이 변화하고 있다.
As irregular work forms have become widespread after the pandemic, perceptions of work-life balance are changing.
'팬데믹' (paendemik) means 'pandemic'. '근무 형태' (geunmu hyeongtae) means 'work form'. '보편화되다' (bopyeonhwadoeda) means 'to become widespread'. '업무와 삶의 균형' (eopmuwa salmui gyunhyeong) means 'work-life balance'.
인간의 심리가 비정규적인 패턴을 보일 때, 이를 이해하기 위한 다각적인 접근이 요구된다.
When human psychology exhibits irregular patterns, a multi-faceted approach is required to understand it.
'인간의 심리' (inganui simni) means 'human psychology'. '다각적인 접근' (dagakjeogin jeopgeun) means 'multi-faceted approach'. '요구되다' (yogudoeda) means 'to be required'.
역사적 사건의 비정규적인 발생 빈도는 복잡한 인과관계의 증거로 해석될 수 있다.
The irregular frequency of historical events can be interpreted as evidence of complex causal relationships.
'역사적 사건' (yeoksajeok sageon) means 'historical events'. '발생 빈도' (balsaeng bindo) means 'frequency of occurrence'. '인과관계' (ingwagwangye) means 'causal relationship'.
자유 시장 경제의 비정규적인 흐름은 때로는 예상치 못한 위기와 기회를 동시에 창출한다.
The irregular flow of a free market economy sometimes simultaneously creates unexpected crises and opportunities.
'자유 시장 경제' (jayu sijang gyeongje) means 'free market economy'. '흐름' (heureum) means 'flow'. '동시에' (dongsie) means 'simultaneously'.
예술의 비정규적인 본질은 고정된 틀에 갇히지 않고 끊임없이 진화하는 동력으로 작용한다.
The irregular nature of art acts as a driving force that constantly evolves without being confined to fixed frameworks.
'본질' (bonjil) means 'nature' or 'essence'. '고정된 틀' (gojeongdoen teul) means 'fixed framework'. '진화하다' (jinhwahada) means 'to evolve'.
그의 비정규적인 삶의 궤적은 사회가 규정한 정상성의 범주를 넘어서는 경험들로 가득 차 있다.
The trajectory of his irregular life is filled with experiences that transcend the boundaries of normality defined by society.
'궤적' (gwejeok) means 'trajectory'. '규정하다' (gyujeonghada) means 'to define'. '정상성' (jeongsangseong) means 'normality'.
비정규적인 소득으로 인한 재정적 불안정성은 개인의 장기적인 계획 수립에 심각한 제약을 가한다.
Financial instability caused by irregular income imposes severe limitations on an individual's long-term planning.
'재정적 불안정성' (jaejeongjeok buranjeongseong) means 'financial instability'. '장기적인 계획 수립' (janggijeogin gyehoek surip) means 'long-term planning'. '제약' (jeyak) means 'limitation'.
현대 문학에서 비정규적인 서사 구조는 독자들에게 새로운 해석의 가능성을 열어준다.
In modern literature, irregular narrative structures open up possibilities for new interpretations for readers.
'문학' (munhak) means 'literature'. '서사 구조' (seosa gujo) means 'narrative structure'. '해석의 가능성' (haeseogui ganeungseong) means 'possibility of interpretation'.
인간 본연의 비정규적인 창조성은 예측 가능한 시스템 안에서는 발현되기 어렵다.
The inherent irregular creativity of human nature is difficult to manifest within predictable systems.
'본연의' (bonyeonu-i) means 'inherent'. '발현되다' (balhyeondoeda) means 'to manifest'.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— Non-regular worker or job. This is a noun derived from the adjective, referring to employment that is not permanent or standard.
많은 젊은이들이 비정규직으로 일하고 있다. (Many young people are working as non-regular employees.)
— Irregular or non-regular work. This phrase uses the adjective form to describe the nature of the work itself.
그는 비정규적인 근무 환경에 적응해야 했다. (He had to adapt to an irregular work environment.)
— An irregular schedule. This highlights a schedule that lacks consistency or fixed times.
여행 중에는 비정규적인 스케줄이 불가피하다. (An irregular schedule is unavoidable during travel.)
— It is irregular. This is the base form of the adjective, used to describe a subject.
오늘의 날씨는 비정규적이다. (Today's weather is irregular.)
— It is very irregular. Used to emphasize the degree of irregularity.
그의 수면 습관은 매우 비정규적이다. (His sleep habits are very irregular.)
— It is becoming increasingly irregular. Indicates a trend towards irregularity.
이 지역의 교통 상황이 점점 비정규적이다. (The traffic situation in this area is becoming increasingly irregular.)
— An irregular or unconventional lifestyle. Suggests a life not bound by typical routines or structures.
그는 비정규적인 삶을 살기로 선택했다. (He chose to live an irregular life.)
— Irregular income. Refers to income that is not fixed or steady, such as from freelance work or sporadic sales.
프리랜서로서 비정규적인 소득에 대비해야 한다. (As a freelancer, one must prepare for irregular income.)
— Irregular changes. Describes changes that occur unpredictably or without a fixed pattern.
시장의 비정규적인 변화에 주의해야 한다. (One must be cautious of the market's irregular changes.)
— This is the adjective itself, used predicatively. It states that something possesses the quality of being irregular.
그의 발표 방식은 비정규적이다. (His presentation style is irregular.)
よく混同される語
Both mean 'irregular', but '비정규적이다' often implies a lack of official status or fixed schedule (especially for jobs), while '불규칙적이다' emphasizes a lack of consistent pattern or rhythm (like heartbeat or movement).
'비정규직' is a noun meaning 'non-regular job/worker'. '비정규적이다' is the adjective describing the state of being irregular or non-regular. You cannot say 'His job is 비정규직' if you mean it's irregular in nature; you'd say 'His job is 비정규적이다' or he is a '비정규직'.
This is a more general phrase meaning 'not constant' or 'not fixed'. While something '비정규적' is usually '일정하지 않다', the latter doesn't necessarily imply the lack of official status or standard norm that '비정규적' does.
間違えやすい
Both words translate to 'irregular' in English and describe a lack of regularity.
'비정규적이다' typically refers to things that deviate from a standard, official, or fixed schedule or status, most notably in employment (비정규직 - non-regular worker). It implies a lack of regularity in terms of established norms or systems. '불규칙적이다', on the other hand, emphasizes a lack of consistent pattern, rhythm, or order. It's used for things like erratic movements, inconsistent timing, or unpredictable sequences.
심장 박동이 <mark>불규칙적이다</mark>. (The heartbeat is irregular - referring to rhythm.) vs. 그의 근무 시간은 <mark>비정규적이다</mark>. (His working hours are irregular - referring to a lack of fixed, standard times or official status.)
The antonym of '일정하다' (to be fixed/constant) is '일정하지 않다' (to not be fixed/constant), which can overlap with the concept of irregularity.
'일정하다' means to be fixed, constant, steady, or unchanging. '비정규적이다' means to be irregular, lacking a fixed pattern or official status. While something that is '비정규적' is often '일정하지 않다', the focus is different. '일정하지 않다' simply states a lack of constancy, whereas '비정규적이다' implies a deviation from a norm or standard.
그의 수입은 <mark>일정하지 않다</mark>. (His income is not constant/steady.) This could be because it's '비정규적' (non-regular income) or simply fluctuates due to market conditions.
This is the direct opposite of '비정규적이다', making it a point of comparison and potential confusion.
'정규적이다' means to be regular, normal, official, or conforming to a standard. It implies adherence to established rules, schedules, or systems. '비정규적이다' describes the state of not being '정규적'. The most common application is in employment, where '정규직' (regular employee) is contrasted with '비정규직' (non-regular employee).
우리는 <mark>정규적</mark>으로 회의를 합니다. (We have meetings regularly.) vs. 이 회사의 근무 시간은 <mark>비정규적</mark>입니다. (This company's working hours are irregular.)
Non-regular jobs or situations can often be temporary.
'임시적이다' means 'temporary', focusing on the limited duration of something. '비정규적이다' means 'non-regular' or 'irregular', focusing on the lack of a fixed, standard, or official status, regardless of duration. A job can be '비정규적' but long-term, or '임시적' but follow a regular pattern.
이것은 <mark>임시</mark> 계약입니다. (This is a temporary contract.) vs. 그의 계약은 <mark>비정규적</mark>입니다. (His contract is non-regular, meaning it's not a standard permanent contract, possibly temporary or fixed-term with irregular conditions.)
Irregular situations can sometimes be unofficial or informal.
'비공식적이다' means 'unofficial' or 'informal', indicating something that is not officially recognized or sanctioned. '비정규적이다' means 'irregular' or 'non-regular', focusing on the lack of regularity, fixed schedule, or standard status. While non-regular employment might also be unofficial, the primary meaning of '비정규적이다' relates to its irregularity.
그들의 만남은 <mark>비공식적</mark>이었다. (Their meeting was unofficial/informal.) vs. 그의 근무 시간은 <mark>비정규적</mark>이었다. (His working hours were irregular, meaning they weren't fixed or standard, possibly unofficial too.)
文型パターン
Noun + 은/는 + 비정규적이다.
식사 시간은 <mark>비정규적이다</mark>.
Noun + 이/가 + 비정규적이다.
그의 계획이 <mark>비정규적이다</mark>.
Adverb + 비정규적이다.
날씨가 매우 <mark>비정규적이다</mark>.
Noun + 인 + 비정규 + Noun.
<mark>비정규적인</mark> 수입으로 생활한다.
Subject + 은/는 + 비정규직이다.
많은 사람들이 <mark>비정규직이다</mark>.
Noun + 의 + 비정규적 + Noun.
회사의 <mark>비정규적</mark>인 정책.
Noun + (으)ㄹ 수 있다/없다 + 비정규적이다.
그의 행동은 <mark>비정규적일 수 있다</mark>.
Noun + (으)ㅁ + 으로 인해 + 비정규적이다.
기후 변화<mark>로 인해</mark> 날씨가 <mark>비정규적이다</mark>.
語族
名詞
形容詞
関連
使い方
High, especially in contexts related to employment and schedules.
-
Using '비정규' as a standalone adjective.
→
비정규적이다
'비정규' is a noun stem. You need to add '-적이다' to form the adjective '비정규적이다'. For example, you cannot say '이것은 비정규입니다' (This is irregular); you must say '이것은 <mark>비정규적이다</mark>' (This is irregular) or refer to a noun like '비정규직' (non-regular job).
-
Confusing '비정규적이다' with '불규칙적이다' for employment.
→
비정규적이다
While both mean irregular, '비정규적이다' is specifically used for things lacking fixed schedules or official status, especially jobs (비정규직). '불규칙적이다' is more about a lack of consistent pattern or rhythm (e.g., heartbeat). For jobs, '비정규적이다' is the correct term.
-
Using '비정규직' when describing a characteristic.
→
비정규적이다
'비정규직' is a noun referring to a non-regular job or worker. It cannot be used as an adjective to describe a characteristic. If you want to say something is irregular in nature, use the adjective '<mark>비정규적이다</mark>'. For example, 'His income is irregular' is '그의 수입은 <mark>비정규적이다</mark>', not '그의 수입은 비정규직이다'.
-
Incorrectly forming the past tense.
→
비정규적이었다
The past tense of '비정규적이다' is formed by adding '-었다' to the stem: '비정규적' + '-이었다' = '<mark>비정규적이었다</mark>'. Saying '비정규적했다' or '비정규했다' is incorrect.
-
Using '비정규적' without '-이다' when it functions as the main predicate.
→
비정규적이다
When '비정규적' acts as the main description of the subject (i.e., the predicate), it must be followed by '-이다'. For example, '그의 스케줄은 <mark>비정규적이다</mark>.' You cannot simply end the sentence with '비정규적'.
ヒント
Adjective Formation
Remember that '비정규적' is the noun stem. To use it as an adjective meaning 'to be irregular', you must add '-이다', forming '비정규적이다'. When modifying a noun, use the form '비정규적인 Noun'.
Syllable Clarity
Practice pronouncing each syllable clearly, especially the 'ㅈ' sound (like 'j' in 'jam') and the 'ㄱ' sound (like 'k' in 'kite'). Ensure you don't merge syllables, which can alter the meaning or make it hard to understand.
Distinguish from '불규칙적이다'
While similar, '비정규적이다' often relates to official status or fixed schedules (like jobs), whereas '불규칙적이다' relates more to erratic patterns or rhythms. Keep this distinction in mind for precise communication.
Visualize Irregularity
Imagine a clock with hands spinning randomly or a calendar with no marked holidays – anything that visually represents a lack of regularity can help you remember the meaning of '비정규적이다'.
Create Your Own Sentences
Try writing sentences about your own life or observations using '비정규적이다'. For example, 'My commute is 비정규적이다 because of traffic.' This active recall strengthens your understanding.
Socio-Economic Context
Be aware that '비정규직' (non-regular employment) is a significant social issue in Korea. Understanding this context helps you grasp the weight and common usage of '비정규적이다' when discussing work.
Listen for Collocations
Pay attention to phrases like '비정규적인 근무', '비정규적인 수입', and '비정규적인 스케줄'. Hearing these common combinations will help you recognize and use the word naturally.
Antonym Focus
Learning the antonym '정규적이다' (to be regular) alongside '비정규적이다' can reinforce the meaning. Understanding what is 'regular' helps define what is 'irregular'.
Use in Daily Life
Try to incorporate '비정규적이다' into your conversations about your daily schedule, work situation, or even unpredictable events. This practical application is key to fluency.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Imagine a 'bee' (비) that is always 'jung-gyu' (정규) - meaning it's always buzzing around the same regular flowers. But then, this bee starts behaving 'bi-jung-gyu' (비정규) - it flies off randomly, visits flowers at weird times, and doesn't follow its usual routine. It's acting irregularly!
視覚的連想
Picture a clock with hands spinning wildly and erratically, not adhering to the normal 12-hour cycle. Or imagine a stack of papers that are not neatly aligned but are scattered and uneven.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to describe three things in your daily life that are '비정규적이다' and explain why. For example, your commute might be '비정규적이다' if traffic varies wildly, or your meal times might be '비정규적이다' if you often eat late due to work.
語源
The word '비정규적이다' is a Sino-Korean term, derived from Chinese characters. It's a compound word formed by combining prefixes and root words that carry specific meanings related to regularity and status.
元の意味： The core meaning relates to something that is not part of the standard or established system, schedule, or norm.
Sino-Korean (derived from Hanja/Chinese characters)文化的な背景
When using '비정규적이다' in the context of employment, be mindful that it can imply a less stable or less secure situation. While it's a descriptive term, the societal implications of '비정규직' are often negative, so context and tone are important.
While 'irregular' is the direct translation, the nuance in Korean often carries a stronger implication of lacking official status or a fixed, stable structure, especially in the context of employment. 'Non-standard' or 'unpredictable' might also capture some of the meaning.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Employment and Labor Market
- 비정규직
- 비정규적 근무
- 정규직 전환
- 고용 불안정
Schedules and Routines
- 비정규적 시간
- 규칙적인 생활
- 예측 불가능한 일정
- 유동적이다
Personal Habits and Lifestyle
- 비정규적인 삶
- 수면 패턴
- 식사 시간
- 불규칙한 습관
Economic and Social Issues
- 비정규적 변화
- 사회적 불평등
- 경제적 불안정성
- 정책 변화
General Description of Patterns
- 비정규적 패턴
- 일정하지 않다
- 들쭉날쭉하다
- 예측 불가능하다
会話のきっかけ
"Your work schedule is irregular, isn't it? How do you manage?"
"Do you think having an irregular schedule makes life more exciting or more difficult?"
"What are some common irregular jobs in your country?"
"How do you feel about the increase in irregular employment in society?"
"What's one habit you have that is very irregular?"
日記のテーマ
Describe a time when your irregular schedule caused problems or led to unexpected opportunities.
Reflect on the pros and cons of having an irregular income. How does it affect your long-term planning?
Compare and contrast '비정규적이다' with '불규칙적이다'. Give examples of when you would use each.
How does the prevalence of irregular employment in Korea affect young people's career choices and life goals?
Write a short story about a character whose life is defined by its irregular nature.
よくある質問
10 問'비정규적이다' (bijeonggyujeogida) and '불규칙적이다' (bulgyuchikjeogida) both translate to 'irregular' in English, but they have different nuances. '비정규적이다' typically refers to something that lacks a fixed schedule, official status, or adherence to established norms, especially in contexts like employment (e.g., 비정규직 - non-regular worker). It implies a departure from the standard or regular. '불규칙적이다', on the other hand, emphasizes a lack of consistent pattern, rhythm, or order. It's used for things that are erratic or unpredictable in their sequence or timing, like a heartbeat or movements. For instance, a heartbeat is '불규칙적이다', while a non-permanent job is '비정규적이다'.
No, they are related but different. '비정규직' (bijeonggyujik) is a noun meaning 'non-regular job' or 'non-regular worker'. It refers to employment that is not permanent, standard, or full-time. '비정규적이다' (bijeonggyujeogida) is the adjective form, meaning 'to be irregular' or 'non-regular'. You would say '그는 비정규직이다' (He is a non-regular worker), and '그의 근무 시간은 비정규적이다' (His working hours are irregular).
Yes, '비정규적이다' can be used to describe weather that is unpredictable or doesn't follow typical seasonal patterns. For example, '요즘 날씨가 비정규적이다' (The weather these days is irregular) implies that it's not behaving as expected for the season. However, '불규칙적이다' might also be used if the weather patterns are erratic or constantly changing without a clear trend.
The direct opposite of '비정규적이다' is '정규적이다' (jeonggyujeogida), which means 'to be regular', 'normal', 'official', or 'fixed'. For example, '정규직' (jeonggyujik) is the opposite of '비정규직'.
You can use it as a descriptive adjective. For example: Subject + 은/는 + 비정규적이다. (e.g., '날씨는 비정규적이다' - The weather is irregular.) Or, to modify a noun: 비정규적인 + Noun (e.g., '비정규적인 근무' - irregular work).
Not always, but often it does, especially when referring to employment. '비정규직' workers often face instability and fewer benefits. However, it can also be used neutrally to describe situations that simply lack a fixed pattern, like certain artistic processes or unpredictable travel plans, where the irregularity might even be seen as a positive aspect (e.g., creative freedom).
Yes, it can be used for abstract concepts like '비정규적인 사고방식' (irregular way of thinking) or '비정규적인 접근 방식' (irregular approach), implying a non-standard or unconventional method.
'비정규적이다' refers to irregularity in terms of schedule, status, or norm. '가변적이다' (gabyeonjeogida) means 'variable' or 'changeable', often used in technical or scientific contexts to describe something that can fluctuate or change. While irregularity can lead to variability, they are not the same. A system's performance might be '가변적', while a job's schedule is '비정규적'.
You would use the phrase '비정규적인 수입' (bijeonggyujeogin suip) for irregular income, or you could say '수입이 비정규적이다' (Income is irregular). This implies that the income is not fixed or steady, perhaps from freelance work or sales.
Yes, it is quite common, especially when discussing work, schedules, or personal routines. You'll hear it in news reports, casual conversations about jobs, and discussions about daily life.
自分をテスト 10 問
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The adjective '비정규적이다' signifies a lack of regularity, predictability, or official status. It is commonly used to describe employment, schedules, habits, and other situations that deviate from established norms or consistent patterns. For instance, '비정규직' refers to non-regular employment, highlighting its departure from standard, permanent positions.
- Describes things that lack a fixed pattern or schedule.
- Used for non-regular employment, unpredictable schedules, or inconsistent habits.
- Opposite of '정규적이다' (regular).
- Can imply instability or unpredictability.
Adjective Formation
Remember that '비정규적' is the noun stem. To use it as an adjective meaning 'to be irregular', you must add '-이다', forming '비정규적이다'. When modifying a noun, use the form '비정규적인 Noun'.
Context is Key
The meaning of '비정규적이다' can shift slightly based on context. In employment, it strongly implies a lack of standard, permanent status. In other contexts, it might simply mean unpredictable or lacking a fixed pattern.
Syllable Clarity
Practice pronouncing each syllable clearly, especially the 'ㅈ' sound (like 'j' in 'jam') and the 'ㄱ' sound (like 'k' in 'kite'). Ensure you don't merge syllables, which can alter the meaning or make it hard to understand.
Distinguish from '불규칙적이다'
While similar, '비정규적이다' often relates to official status or fixed schedules (like jobs), whereas '불규칙적이다' relates more to erratic patterns or rhythms. Keep this distinction in mind for precise communication.
関連コンテンツ
businessの関連語
에 대한
A2〜に対する、〜についての。2つの名詞をつなぐ時に使われます（例：韓国についての本）。
~대하여
A2「〜について」や「〜に関する」という意味です。話や本のテーマを示す時に使われます。
대해서
A2〜について；〜に関して。
에 대해
A2「〜について」や「〜に関して」を意味する表現です。
풍요롭다
A2豊かである、裕福である、潤沢である。
관철하다
B2自分の意志や要求を最後まで押し通すこと。 '彼は自分の主張を貫徹した。'
~에 따라
B1～に従って、～によって。ある基準や条件に合わせて物事が進んだり変化したりすることを表します。
에 따라
A2人によって考えが違います。 (〜によって / 〜に従って)
에 의하면
B1ニュースによれば、この言葉は「〜によれば」という意味です。例：「新聞によれば、明日は晴れるそうです。」
계좌번호
A2銀行の口座番号。韓国での送金や電子決済に使用されます。
