medewerker 30秒で
- Medewerker means employee or staff member in Dutch.
- It is a 'de-word' and the plural is medewerkers.
- It is more common than the legal term 'werknemer'.
- It often appears in compounds like 'winkelmedewerker'.
The Dutch word medewerker is a cornerstone of professional and social vocabulary in the Netherlands and Flanders. At its most basic level, it translates to 'employee' or 'staff member,' but its linguistic DNA suggests something far more collaborative. Formed from the prefix mede- (meaning 'with' or 'co-') and the noun werker (worker), it literally signifies a 'co-worker' or someone who 'works with' others to achieve a goal. This reflects the deeply ingrained Dutch value of the poldermodel—a consensus-based approach to work and society where everyone's contribution is valued.
- The Modern Corporate Identity
- In modern Dutch business culture, medewerker has largely supplanted the older, more hierarchical term werknemer in daily conversation. While werknemer remains the legal and contractual term (literally 'work-taker'), medewerker implies a sense of agency and partnership. When a company speaks about its 'medewerkers,' it is often trying to foster a culture of inclusivity and mutual respect.
- Specific Roles and Compounds
- The word is incredibly versatile because it serves as the base for hundreds of compound nouns. If you are at a store, you might speak to a winkelmedewerker (shop assistant). If you call a helpdesk, you are talking to a helpdeskmedewerker. This pattern extends to almost every sector, from overheidsmedewerker (government employee) to horecamedewerker (hospitality worker).
Onze organisatie zoekt een enthousiaste medewerker voor de klantenservice.
You will encounter this word daily: on job boards (vacatures), in company emails, and when visiting any public institution. It is the default way to refer to someone in their professional capacity without using their specific title. It is polite, professional, and neutral. Interestingly, while the feminine form medewerkster exists, the Dutch language is trending towards using medewerker as a gender-neutral term for everyone, though you will still hear the feminine version frequently in spoken Dutch.
De medewerker van de bank hielp mij met de aanvraag.
Using medewerker correctly requires understanding its grammatical behavior as a countable noun and its role in compound word construction. It follows standard Dutch noun rules, but its frequency makes it a vital word to master for B2 learners. Whether you are describing a team, complaining about service, or applying for a job, this word is your primary tool.
- Singular vs. Plural
- The singular is de medewerker (the employee) or een medewerker (an employee). The plural is formed simply by adding an '-s': de medewerkers. Note that because it ends in '-er', the '-s' plural is the standard choice in Dutch phonology. Unlike many other nouns, it does not change its stem in the plural.
- The Adjective Connection
- When describing a medewerker, adjectives precede the noun and usually take an '-e' ending because it is a 'de-word'. For example: een ervaren medewerker (an experienced employee) or de vriendelijke medewerker (the friendly employee). If you are using a possessive, it remains straightforward: onze medewerker (our employee).
Alle medewerkers zijn uitgenodigd voor de kerstborrel.
In formal settings, you might see medewerker used in the genitive or in complex prepositional phrases. For instance, de tevredenheid van de medewerker (the employee's satisfaction). In job advertisements, you will often see the slash notation medewerker (m/v/x) to explicitly include all genders, although the word itself is grammatically masculine.
Als medewerker heb je recht op dertig vakantiedagen per jaar.
De medewerker die mij hielp, was erg deskundig.
If you live in a Dutch-speaking country, medewerker is part of the ambient noise of daily life. It is not just a word for HR manuals; it is the word you hear over the intercom at the supermarket, in the news when discussing labor shortages, and in every office corridor. Understanding where it appears helps you grasp the social hierarchy (or lack thereof) in the Netherlands.
- In the Public Sector
- When you visit the gemeente (municipality), the person behind the desk is a baliemedewerker. In news reports about the government, you will hear about beleidsmedewerkers (policy advisors/workers). It is the standard term used to describe the vast army of civil servants who keep the country running.
- In Retail and Service
- Supermarkets like Albert Heijn or Jumbo often call their staff winkelmedewerkers or vulploegmedewerkers (shelf stackers). If you are looking for assistance, you might ask: 'Kunt u een medewerker roepen?' (Can you call a staff member?). It sounds more polite and professional than 'iemand die hier werkt' (someone who works here).
Attentie, een medewerker wordt verzocht naar kassa vier te komen.
In the corporate world, the term is used in internal communications. 'Beste medewerkers' is a common opening for a company-wide email. It strikes a balance between being formal enough for management and inclusive enough for the staff. You will also see it in the context of medezeggenschap (employee participation), where medewerkers have a say in company policy through works councils (ondernemingsraden).
De medewerker van de maand kreeg een extra bonus.
Er is een tekort aan technisch medewerkers in de regio.
Even though medewerker seems simple, English speakers and even advanced Dutch learners often stumble over its nuances, gender forms, and specific usage compared to similar-sounding words. Avoiding these pitfalls will make your Dutch sound significantly more natural and professional.
- Mistake 1: Confusing Medewerker with Collega
- The most common error is using medewerker when you mean 'colleague.' If you are talking to someone you work with, you should say mijn collega. If you say mijn medewerker, it sounds like you are their boss (i.e., 'my subordinate'). Use medewerker for staff in general or when you are the employer.
- Mistake 2: Gender Over-correction
- Learners often struggle with medewerkster. While it is grammatically correct to use medewerkster for a female employee, modern Dutch is moving toward using medewerker as a collective, gender-neutral term. If you aren't sure, medewerker is almost always safe, whereas medewerkster can sometimes feel slightly dated in very progressive corporate environments.
Fout: Ik ga met mijn medewerker lunchen. (Unless you are the boss!)
Goed: Ik ga met mijn collega lunchen.
Another mistake involves the plural. Remember that it is medewerkers and never medewerkeren. Because the word ends in an unstressed '-er', the '-s' plural is mandatory. Also, be careful with the pronunciation of the 'w'. In Dutch, the 'w' is labiodental (teeth on lip), not rounded like the English 'w'. If you pronounce it like 'med-uh-wurk-er' with an English 'w', it will sound distinctly foreign.
De directie luistert naar de zorgen van de medewerkers.
Elke medewerker krijgt een eigen laptop van de zaak.
Dutch has a rich vocabulary for describing people in the workforce. While medewerker is the most common and versatile, knowing the alternatives will help you navigate different registers of speech and formal documents. Each synonym carries a slightly different 'flavor' or legal implication.
- Medewerker vs. Werknemer
- Werknemer is the legal term. It is used in contracts (arbeidsovereenkomst) and labor law. If you are talking about your rights, pension, or taxes, you are a werknemer. Medewerker is the social term used within the company culture.
- Medewerker vs. Personeelslid
- Personeelslid (member of staff) is slightly more formal and often used in the plural (het personeel). It sounds more like you are part of a larger 'body' of people. You often hear this in schools or hospitals: 'Er is een bijeenkomst voor alle personeelsleden.'
- Medewerker vs. Kracht
- Kracht (literally 'force/power') is used in compounds like hulpkracht (temporary helper) or arbeidskracht (laborer). It is more impersonal and focuses on the labor the person provides rather than their identity as a member of the team.
Het bedrijf heeft honderd medewerkers in vaste dienst.
In very informal or creative settings, you might hear teamlid. This is becoming popular in startups and tech companies to emphasize horizontal structures. On the other end of the spectrum, ambtenaar is the specific term for a government medewerker, though many ambtenaren prefer to be called overheidsmedewerker to sound less 'bureaucratic'. Finally, vrijwilliger is a 'volunteer medewerker'—someone who works without pay.
De tijdelijke kracht verving de zieke medewerker.
Onze medewerkers zijn ons belangrijkste kapitaal.
豆知識
The word 'medewerker' is part of a Dutch linguistic trend to replace hierarchical nouns with more egalitarian ones. It sounds much friendlier than 'ondergeschikte' (subordinate).
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing the 'w' like an English 'w' (rounded lips).
- Making the first 'e' too short (like in 'met').
- Pronouncing the final 'r' too strongly (it should be subtle).
- Stressing the second syllable instead of the first.
- Treating it as a 'het-word' instead of a 'de-word'.
レベル別の例文
De medewerker helpt mij.
The employee helps me.
Subject + verb + object.
Wie is die medewerker?
Who is that employee?
Question word + verb + subject.
Ik ben een nieuwe medewerker.
I am a new employee.
Use of 'een' with masculine noun.
De winkel heeft vijf medewerkers.
The shop has five employees.
Plural ends in -s.
De medewerker spreekt Nederlands.
The employee speaks Dutch.
Present tense verb.
Is er een medewerker?
Is there an employee?
Inversion for question.
De medewerker lacht.
The employee laughs.
Simple subject-verb.
Dank u wel, medewerker.
Thank you, employee.
Polite address.
De medewerker van de supermarkt vult de vakken.
The supermarket employee is filling the shelves.
Compound context.
Kunt u een medewerker roepen?
Can you call an employee?
Modal verb + infinitive.
De vriendelijke medewerker gaf mij advies.
The friendly employee gave me advice.
Adjective + e ending.
Zij is een medewerkster bij de bank.
She is a (female) employee at the bank.
Feminine suffix -ster.
De medewerkers dragen een blauw uniform.
The employees wear a blue uniform.
Plural subject.
Ik zoek een medewerker die Engels spreekt.
I am looking for an employee who speaks English.
Relative clause with 'die'.
De medewerker werkt hier al tien jaar.
The employee has been working here for ten years.
Present tense for ongoing action.
Waar is de medewerker van de klantenservice?
Where is the customer service employee?
Compound construction.
Elke medewerker moet de veiligheidsregels volgen.
Every employee must follow the safety rules.
'Elke' with a singular 'de-word'.
De medewerker legde uit hoe het apparaat werkt.
The employee explained how the device works.
Past tense 'legde uit'.
Wij zoeken een administratief medewerker voor 32 uur per week.
We are looking for an administrative assistant for 32 hours a week.
Adjective placement.
De medewerker was niet tevreden over zijn salaris.
The employee was not satisfied with his salary.
Preposition 'over'.
Alle medewerkers krijgen een kerstpakket.
All employees receive a Christmas hamper.
Quantifier 'alle'.
De medewerker heeft een belangrijke rol in het team.
The employee has an important role in the team.
Noun phrase.
Bent u een vaste medewerker of een uitzendkracht?
Are you a permanent employee or a temp worker?
Contrastive nouns.
De medewerker meldde zich ziek.
The employee called in sick.
Reflexive verb 'zich melden'.
De betrokkenheid van de medewerker is essentieel voor succes.
The employee's engagement is essential for success.
Abstract noun usage.
Het bedrijf investeert in de ontwikkeling van zijn medewerkers.
The company invests in the development of its employees.
Possessive 'zijn'.
Als medewerker heb je recht op een veilige werkomgeving.
As an employee, you are entitled to a safe working environment.
'Als' used for capacity/role.
De medewerker kaartte het probleem aan tijdens de vergadering.
The employee raised the issue during the meeting.
Separable verb 'aankaarten'.
Er is een enquête gehouden onder de medewerkers.
A survey was conducted among the employees.
Preposition 'onder'.
De medewerker wordt gewaardeerd om zijn inzet.
The employee is valued for his effort.
Passive voice.
De directie voert gesprekken met de individuele medewerkers.
The management is holding talks with the individual employees.
Adjective 'individuele'.
Een gemotiveerde medewerker presteert beter.
A motivated employee performs better.
Participial adjective.
Het beleid is gericht op het welzijn van de medewerker.
The policy is aimed at the well-being of the employee.
Formal prepositional phrase.
De wetenschappelijk medewerker publiceerde zijn bevindingen.
The research associate published his findings.
Academic compound.
De medewerker fungeert als aanspreekpunt voor klanten.
The employee serves as the point of contact for customers.
Formal verb 'fungeren'.
Er heerst onrust onder de medewerkers door de reorganisatie.
There is unrest among the employees due to the reorganization.
Existential 'er' construction.
De medewerker in kwestie ontkent de beschuldigingen.
The employee in question denies the allegations.
Fixed phrase 'in kwestie'.
Het behoud van talentvolle medewerkers is een prioriteit.
Retaining talented employees is a priority.
Gerund-like noun 'behoud'.
De medewerker heeft een discretionaire bevoegdheid.
The employee has discretionary power.
Legal/formal terminology.
De flexibele schil van medewerkers groeit gestaag.
The flexible layer of employees is growing steadily.
Metaphorical 'schil'.
De medewerker wordt in dit discours gereduceerd tot een productiefactor.
In this discourse, the employee is reduced to a production factor.
Philosophical context.
Zijn positie als medewerker is door de nieuwe wetgeving precair geworden.
His position as an employee has become precarious due to the new legislation.
Advanced adjective 'precair'.
De symbiose tussen werkgever en medewerker is cruciaal voor innovatie.
The symbiosis between employer and employee is crucial for innovation.
Abstract biological metaphor.
Men tracht de autonomie van de individuele medewerker te waarborgen.
One tries to guarantee the autonomy of the individual employee.
Formal 'men' and 'waarborgen'.
De medewerker is de personificatie van de bedrijfswaarden.
The employee is the personification of the company values.
High-level conceptualization.
De rechtspositie van de medewerker is verankerd in de CAO.
The employee's legal position is anchored in the collective labor agreement.
Specialized legal terminology.
Er is een discrepantie tussen de verwachtingen van de medewerker en de realiteit.
There is a discrepancy between the employee's expectations and reality.
Advanced noun 'discrepantie'.
De medewerker fungeert als de spil waar de organisatie om draait.
The employee functions as the pivot around which the organization revolves.
Idiomatic 'spil'.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— A common opening for internal company emails.
Beste medewerkers, de vakantieplanning is nu open.
— To talk to a staff member, usually for help.
Ik wil graag een medewerker spreken over mijn factuur.
— An employee with a permanent contract.
Hij is een medewerker in vaste dienst.
— A research assistant or associate at a university.
Zij is wetenschappelijk medewerker bij de TU Delft.
— Someone who works for an organization for free.
De kerk zoekt een vrijwillig medewerker.
— An HR (Human Resources) employee.
Neem contact op met de medewerker personeelszaken.
— A person working behind a counter/desk.
De baliemedewerker gaf mij een bezoekerspas.
慣用句と表現
— An employee who does many different types of tasks (jack-of-all-trades).
In een klein bedrijf ben je vaak een manusje-van-alles medewerker.
informal— The most essential employee in a process or team.
Zij is de spilmedewerker van dit project.
neutral— An exceptionally good and loyal employee.
Onze secretaresse is een gouden medewerker.
informal— Employees represent the public image of the company.
Vergeet niet: onze medewerkers zijn het visitekaartje van de zaak.
professional— To be among the staff members (physically or socially).
De directeur houdt ervan om onder de medewerkers te zijn.
neutral— Someone who is an employee with all their heart and soul.
Hij is een zorgmedewerker in hart en nieren.
informal— To make the employee's needs the primary focus.
In ons HR-beleid stellen we de medewerker centraal.
formal— To act as a responsible and loyal employee should.
Je moet je wel als een goede medewerker gedragen.
neutral— The feedback or opinion of the staff.
We moeten vaker luisteren naar de stem van de medewerker.
professional— Employee satisfaction (often used in surveys).
De medewerkerstevredenheid is dit jaar gestegen.
professional語族
名詞
動詞
形容詞
関連
暗記しよう
記憶術
Think of 'Mede' as 'Mate' and 'Werker' as 'Worker'. A 'Mate-Worker' is someone you work with—an employee!
視覚的連想
Imagine a group of people in an office all holding hands in a circle around a company logo. They are 'working with' (mede) each other.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to find five job titles on a Dutch vacancy site (like LinkedIn or Indeed) that end in '-medewerker' and translate them.
語源
Composed of 'mede' (with) and 'werker' (worker). 'Mede' comes from Proto-Germanic *midi, and 'werker' from Proto-Germanic *werką.
元の意味： Someone who works alongside others; a collaborator.
Germanic (Dutch)Summary
The word 'medewerker' is the go-to term for 'employee' in Dutch. It highlights a collaborative spirit ('mede-' = with) and is used in almost every professional context. Example: 'De medewerker hielp de klant' (The employee helped the customer).
- Medewerker means employee or staff member in Dutch.
- It is a 'de-word' and the plural is medewerkers.
- It is more common than the legal term 'werknemer'.
- It often appears in compounds like 'winkelmedewerker'.
関連コンテンツ
workの関連語
aandachtspunt
B1A point that needs focus
aannemen
B1To accept, assume, or hire someone.
aanpak
B1問題に対処するためのアプローチや戦略。
aanpakken
B1To deal with a task or problem
aanwenden
C1特定の目的のために、資源や影響力、知識などを「用いる」または「充てる」こと。
adviseren
C1医者はもっと休むようにアドバイスしました。
afhandelen
C1To deal with or take care of a task.
afstemmen
C1To coordinate or adjust to match something else.
ambitie
B2野心とは、何かを達成したいという強い望みのことです。
ambitieus
B1Having a strong desire for success
